CN101782280A

CN101782280A - Solar energy collecting device and building component by utilizing same

Info

Publication number: CN101782280A
Application number: CN200910077223A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘阳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-01-20
Filing date: 2009-01-20
Publication date: 2010-07-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar energy collecting device, which comprises a closed-type framework, a reflection mirror and an absorber. A transmission surface of the closed-type framework is covered by a glass plate, the reflection mirror is installed inside the closed-type framework and is provided with a long focal line, the absorber is installed on the position of the long focal line of the reflection mirror, and the reflection mirror is adjusted according to the position variation of the sun, so the sunlight can be reflected to the focal line. The solar energy collecting device has the following advantages that: the solar condenser is installed inside the closed-type framework, so the reflection rate is greatly improved in large area, the wind resistance and the sand pollution is unnecessary to consider, the consumption of the material is greatly reduced, the cost is reduced, the wind power influence is prevented, the light weight structure also greatly reduces the power and the strength of a tracing drive system, the tracing precision can be improved, and the cost can be reduced. The solar energy collecting device also can be used for building a top or a framework of a building, so not only the building cost can be saved, but also the popularization of the device can be realized.

Description

The building element of a kind of solar aggregation apparatus and this device of employing

Technical field

The present invention relates to application of solar, relate in particular to solar aggregation apparatus.

Background technology

Solar energy is as the energy of a kind of cleaning, environmental protection, and people are devoted to the development and utilization to it always for a long time.Particularly in recent years, because oil price constantly soaring and to the raising of environmental protection requirement, and the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions quantitative limitation, various countries have carried out the research that solar energy utilizes the aspect harder.

Because the power density of solar radiation is lower, in order to utilize solar energy fully, follow the tracks of the change in location of sunshine and its light-ray condensing is converted into heat energy and electric energy, be very important technology during solar energy utilizes.

In the existing solar energy collecting technology, as U.S. Pat 4296737, US4770162, US4148564 and US5832362 disclose respectively have parabolic mirror, Fei Nieer mirror, the isostructural solar aggregation apparatus of planar strip speculum, but all have a subject matter in these solar aggregation apparatus, promptly the gravity of structure self increases the quality of structure with bearing the influence of wind.General wind-force will make speculum distortion and distortion, reduce the efficient of collecting.If strong wind and high wind will damage whole system, these gathering systems can not be rainproof and dustproof simultaneously, and be inconvenient to keep in repair, and makes cost and cost constantly raise.

Though there are some small-sized solar energy utilization system to adopt mode at absorption plant piece of surface covering glass plate, reach dustproof or wind resistance effect, but usable floor area is less, monolithic glass covers and has prevented contamination by dust on the crust of the device, but caused the reduction of heat absorption performance, therefore can't form the industrialization result of use.In addition, the linear focusing arrangement wall scroll of small-sized slot type focal line length is shorter, and the wall scroll absorption plant is also short, exists reflection ray can not fully be absorbed device acquisition, more, the inefficient shortcoming of border loss.In addition, stock utilization is also low, the manufacturing cost height.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the solar aggregation apparatus that overcomes above problem.

For this reason, the invention provides a kind of solar aggregation apparatus.This solar aggregation apparatus comprises closed framework, speculum and absorption plant.The transparent surface of closed framework uses glass plate to cover, speculum is installed in the closed framework and has long focal line, absorption plant is installed in the long focal line position of speculum, the change in location of the speculum tracking sun is adjusted and sunshine is reflexed to described long focal line, and wherein said absorption plant is photovoltaic absorption plant or photovoltaic/photo-thermal composite absorption device.

Speculum can adopt light body structure.

Speculum can adopt parabola groove or parabola groove combination or Fresnel matrix-like focusing structure.

Speculum can adopt the front-reflection form.Speculum can adopt the thin aluminum sheet with high reflectance, also can adopt to be coated with fine silver, fine aluminium or other high anti-material as reflectance coating on film substrate.Further preferably, cover the enhancing reflectance coating on the reflectance coating of speculum, further improve reflectivity and protect reflectance coating.

Bracing frame can be installed at the speculum rear portion strengthen speculum intensity maintenance form accuracy.A plurality of bracing frames adopt glass tube skeleton structure modularization to connect.

Solar aggregation apparatus can comprise jockey, and jockey is connected to the absorption plant in described a plurality of module.This solar aggregation apparatus utilizes jockey to connect each solar energy absorption plant after can the modularization assembly unit and forms more massive solar aggregation apparatus.

Solar aggregation apparatus can be used as building element, and top or the body of wall of for example building building use, and have both saved building cost, need not increase extra installing space simultaneously and offer help for the popularization of this device.

Structure of the present invention and existing solar aggregation apparatus are compared and are had the following advantages:

(1) the present invention is installed in solar concentrator in the closed framework, make large-area speculum needn't consider wind resistance and dust pollution, significantly reducing material uses, reduce cost, the influence of no wind-force, light body structure also reduces the power and the intensity of tracking and driving system greatly, for improving tracking accuracy, it is very helpful to reduce cost.(2) modular frame and modularization mirror structure can obtain long focal line, and lose on the border that the linear absorption plant of settling in long focal line position of length can be avoided jacket and shorts to put and cause, and improve absorption efficiency and also reduce cost; (3) the present invention adopts modularization assembling combination structure, and manufacture method is simple, and cost is cheap, and it is convenient unusually to install and keep in repair, and is fit to large-scale promotion application; (4) the present invention also can be used as the top or the framework use of building building, has both saved building cost, helps promoting the use of of device again.

Description of drawings

Below with reference to accompanying drawings specific embodiments of the present invention is described in detail, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of solar aggregation apparatus of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the mirror surface assembly unit forms long focal line structure;

Fig. 3 is the mirror surface overall schematic;

Fig. 4 is light body structure mirror surface schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is the reflector position schematic diagram of sun altitude when low;

Fig. 6 is the reflector position schematic diagram of sun altitude when higher;

Fig. 7 is the reflector position schematic diagram of sun altitude when the highest;

Fig. 8 is with the upright schematic diagram of placing of solar aggregation apparatus of the present invention;

State diagram when Fig. 9, Figure 10 have represented respectively that with Figure 11 speculum adopts Fresnel matrix-like structure under the different solar incident angle degree;

Figure 12 has represented the structural representation of another solar aggregation apparatus of the utility model.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of solar aggregation apparatus of the present invention.As shown in the figure, solar aggregation apparatus comprises a closed framework.This framework can comprise a plurality of frame units, for example adjacent frame unit 121,122 and 123.A plurality of frame units can or be weldingly fixed on together by clamping.The main sensitive surface of framework (for example top) covers light transmission glass plate 140, and the glass plate of adjacent block for example uses caulking gum to carry out the plane to connect, and each outer surface of all the other of framework integral body can cover with sheet material, forms a closed framework structure that transparent surface is arranged.Like this, can guarantee the inner calm force-disturbance of whole solar aggregation apparatus, and the while water proof and dust proof, can make things convenient for freely periodically cleaning is done in the glass plate outside of sensitive surface.

Speculum is installed in the closed frame.With frame unit 121 is example, and mirror unit 101-1 and 101-2 are installed in it.Speculum is installed in the inside of closed frame, does not cause speculum to damage thereby can not be subjected to boisterous influence, and sunshine also can shine on the speculum through top glass simultaneously.In an example, described speculum adopts light body structure, such as adopting light sheet material (if any the thin aluminum sheet of better reflectivity or be coated with the PET of high reflecting material, plastic sheetings such as PC) to make.Speculum can be made the parabolic grooved, parabola groove is combined or the Fresnel array type, and its optical design is for to converge to incident ray on the focal line.

In the example of further optimizing, speculum adopts the front-reflection formula, can adopt thin aluminum sheet with high reflectance, also can adopt to inject and be coated with fine silver, fine aluminium or other high anti-material on the face as reflectance coating at the light of film substrate, and for further improving reflectivity and reducing the damage of adverse circumstances to plated film, can on the plating highly reflecting films, cover the enhancing reflectance coating and possess the ability that intercepts steam and oxygen intrusion, to improve reflectivity and to prevent that the reflecting surface oxidation from causing reflectivity to descend.This enhancing reflection and protection barrier coat can not have long-term anti-and the protective capacities of increasing owing to can not be subjected to serious dust storm invasion and attack, make speculum keep high reflecting effect.This kind front-reflection mode can keep more than 90% for a long time, even 95% above high reflectance.In addition, also can on the plating highly reflecting films, cover enhancing reflectance coating or protective finish, reach to strengthen and reflect or the rete protection effect.

Owing to well protected at the enclosure space internal reflector; speculum can have cycle long-life and keep very high reflectivity always; compare with the aluminium mirror that uses in the back reflection glass mirror of current known use and the open environment, can improve 10%～20% reflection efficiency.Therefore, though speculum places in the enclosure space, light sees through 10%～15% loss when cover-plate glass goes into to shine, and the overall absorption efficient of system does not have big reduction, in the long-time running process even increase.

For increasing the intensity of speculum, at speculum bottom fixed installation supporting bracket, supporting bracket describes in detail hereinafter.

Consider that sunlight sees through the influence of the decay of glass plate to whole device absorption efficiency, preferably at glass cover-plate two sides coating or the anti-reflection blooming of covering antireflective.Consider environmental attack or the outer surface wearing and tearing that cleaning caused, can be only at inner surface coating or the anti-reflection blooming of covering antireflective.

Solar aggregation apparatus also comprises at least one linear absorption plant, for example runs through the endothermic tube 110-1 and the endothermic tube 110-2 that runs through adjacent cells of frame unit 121-123.Endothermic tube is fixed on the focal line position of framework internal mirror, and sunshine is incident on the speculum, through its reflect focalization at the endothermic tube place, thereby the heat-conducting medium of heating endothermic tube internal flow forms power conversion.Two adjacent endothermic tube ends can adopt and connect short tube 131 and connect, and the top links to each other with system tube connector 130, and all endothermic tube heats gather the back derivation in the device.

Each speculum in the solar aggregation apparatus can be adjusted accordingly according to different position of sun constantly every day, makes the incident sunshine reach the optical focus effect along the incident of minute surface major axes orientation all the time, hereinafter will describe this.

In addition, concentrator is overhauled, the maintenance gateway is set at framework (for example side) for making things convenient for the staff to enter framework inside.

Solar aggregation apparatus can be used as the top of building building.The sealed frame structure modular combination that solar energy focusing device of the present invention adopts can form large tracts of land and use; Because this frame structure has excellent mechanical intensity and sealing and certain heat insulation effect, can be taken as good building cover layer and use, as the roof etc.In addition; at being set in the general solar energy utilization system usually, conversion (the conduction oil heat is converted into steam as utilizing steam generator; the direct current that utilizes inverter that solar cell is obtained is converted into the alternating current transformation and uses and be incorporated into the power networks) and the characteristics of energy storage equipment (regenerative apparatus and electrical storage device); this conversion equipment and/or energy storage equipment can be arranged on the cover layer below that this solar aggregation apparatus constitutes; waterproof thermal-insulated and the close and protect function that not only can utilize cover layer and construction wall etc. to constitute; reduce cost; the convenient installation; the required energy of solar energy conversion and/or storage device can be obtained through short transmission path; reduce the loss of pipeline and electric wire, improve efficiency of energy utilization.

In an example, can be on ground or building top at X, the Y two directions layout support column that keeps at a certain distance away, in outermost edge is support with the body of wall, the frame structure of solar energy focusing device of the present invention bottom tie point and support column top and enclosure wall upper edge are connected to a fixed, thereby form the new building of certain area.The hermetically-sealed construction at top makes building have the excellent waterproof heat-insulating property.For keeping good draining, particularly in order to increase daylighting area, reduce the incident ray decay, the top is best to keep certain for sun inclination oblique angle.Because large tracts of land combined frame structure and combined type mirror structure that apparatus of the present invention adopt, thereby incident ray can be converged on the very long focal line, focal line length for example can reach more than 10 meters even 100 meters, and the ratio of focal line length and speculum width is as can be above 10 times even 100 times.In this focal line fixed-site a very long linear absorption device is installed, and when being linear endothermic tube, adopts by absorption plant the through endothermic tube in two ends, can reduce the edge penalty between speculum and the absorption plant, improve catoptrical absorption efficiency greatly, and cost can obviously reduce.Each long focal line absorption plant is connected by system's tube connector again, forms large-area applications, and with some small sizes, short reflection is compared with the device of absorption length, has tangible cost and odds for effectiveness, is fit to industrialization promotion more.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the mirror surface assembly unit forms long focal line structure.Utilize a plurality of parabolic shape speculums 201 to carry out assembly unit among the figure, minute surface length is increased, form long focal line structure, endothermic tube 210 is positioned at the focal line position, thereby makes endothermic tube can effectively absorb solar heat.

Fig. 3 has illustrated that the three-dimensional view of mirror support, Fig. 4 are the three-dimensional views after it is inverted.As mentioned before, speculum can adopt light body structure among the present invention, for increasing the intensity of speculum, has fixedly mounted the bracing frame of being made by light material such as foamed plastics etc. 304 in the speculum bottom.For further increasing the intensity of bracing frame, at 306 places, hole of bracing frame glass tube skeleton 406 is installed, the glass tube skeleton has also been realized the connection between each mirror support simultaneously.

When Fig. 5, Fig. 6 have represented different position of sun with Fig. 7, the corresponding change in location schematic diagram of parabolic type speculum.In the drawings, solar aggregation apparatus uses as building top.Consider the relation that makes full use of between incident light utilization ratio and the sun altitude, solar aggregation apparatus can be provided with certain gradient, and for ease of construction and maintenance, this angle of inclination is unsuitable excessive simultaneously.With the Beijing area is example, and this gradient can be made as for example 5 °-35 °, wherein 5 ° milder, easy to maintenance, but certain light utilization loss is arranged, 35 ° have sunshine utilization rate preferably, but it is bigger to tilt, and safeguards difficulty relatively.Because position of sun was one day the different moment, its position changes, for increasing the usable reflection of speculum to sunlight, need speculum 501 tracking position of sun in the frame unit 520 to change, and rotate around focal line, guarantee that incident sunshine direction is parallel to minute surface optics spindle face all the time, make light focusing, realize absorption efficiency the best at endothermic tube 510 places.Fig. 5-7 has illustrated the situation of 10 °, 42.5 ° of angle of incidence of sunlight degree and 75 ° respectively.

Fig. 8 is with the upright schematic diagram of placing of solar aggregation apparatus of the present invention.In the solar aggregation apparatus, light transmission glass plate simultaneously points to solar direction, so just the body of wall of this structure as energy efficient building can be used, and reduces building cost, has realized energy-conservation purpose.

State diagram when Fig. 9, Figure 10 have represented that with Figure 11 speculum adopts Fresnel matrix-like structure under the different solar incident angle degree.As shown in the figure, the reflection mirror array in the framework 921 is by some speculum bar 930-1,930-3, and 930-5 combines, and each mirror bar length direction is parallel with the optics focal line of array, and each mirror bar can be along each autorotation of axis of self length direction.When position of sun changes, realize focusing on purpose after reflection for guaranteeing the incident sunshine, each small reflector of forming reflection mirror array will rotate with the change of position of sun, thereby realizes light focusing at endothermic tube 910 places, realization absorption efficiency the best.

Need to prove that aggregation apparatus of the present invention also can be applied in the photovoltaic occasion.In other words, the endothermic tube in the aggregation apparatus can be replaced by other absorption plant.Absorption plant is such as being the photovoltaic absorption plant, it also can be photovoltaic/photo-thermal composite absorption device, the photovoltaic absorption plant is converted to electric energy with the solar energy that absorbs, photovoltaic/photo-thermal composite absorption device not only can be converted to electric energy with the sunshine that absorbs, the heat that sunshine can also be brought is simultaneously absorbed, and has not only improved the solar energy composite utilization rate, can also control the temperature rise of solar cell, improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency, prolong battery service life.

Figure 12 has represented the structural representation of another solar aggregation apparatus of the utility model.Most parts of Figure 12 are identical with Fig. 1, so do not give unnecessary details again.Figure 12 difference is that mainly endothermic tube is substituted by photovoltaic absorption plant 1210-1 and 1210-2.Photovoltaic absorption plant 1210-1 and 1210-2 can be formed by the linear arrangement of condensation photovoltaic battery pack.The condensation photovoltaic battery pack can for example be silion cell, GaAs battery, CIS, CIGS battery or other kind battery.

Of particular note, general photovoltaic cell sensitive surface is the plane, in order to obtain best reception, the sensitive surface of photovoltaic absorption plant or photovoltaic/photo-thermal composite absorption device need be installed in optically focused focal line position and make its optical main axis face vertical, to guarantee the most effective trans-utilization of light quilt from speculum with speculum.Therefore, if speculum is parabolic slot type or the parabola groove combined type that rotates around focal line, in following the tracks of rotation process, when focal line rotated, sensitive surface also will rotate equal angular at speculum, made sensitive surface and mirror optics spindle face keep vertical relation; If speculum is the Fresnel array, in tracing process, each speculum bar of forming array rotates around each axis of rotation, and the optical main axis face of whole array does not change, so the absorption plant sensitive surface needn't rotate and can keep vertical with the optical main axis face in the tracing process.

Photovoltaic absorption plant 1210-1 and 1210-2 are converted into electric energy with the light of reflections such as speculum 1201-1.The electric energy that is produced can be sent to electrical network 1260 or directly powers to the user through inverter 1250.

Obviously, under the prerequisite that does not depart from true spirit of the present invention and scope, the present invention described here can have many variations.Therefore, the change that all it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all should be included within the scope that these claims contain.The present invention's scope required for protection is only limited by described claims.

Claims

1. solar aggregation apparatus, it is characterized in that comprising closed framework, speculum and absorption plant, wherein the transparent surface of closed framework uses glass plate to cover, speculum is installed in the closed framework and has long focal line, absorption plant is installed in the long focal line position of speculum, and the change in location of the speculum tracking sun is adjusted and sunshine is reflexed to described long focal line, and wherein said absorption plant is photovoltaic absorption plant or photovoltaic/photo-thermal composite absorption device.

2. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that speculum adopts light body structure.

3. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, speculum adopts parabola groove or parabola groove combination or Fresnel matrix-like focusing structure.

4. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that speculum adopts the high thin-film material that reflects aluminium sheet or be coated with fine silver, fine aluminium or other high anti-material.

5. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that speculum adopts the front-reflection form.

6. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that being coated with on the reflectance coating of speculum the optical coating that strengthens reflecting effect.

7. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that being coated with protective finish on the reflectance coating of speculum.

8. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that being coated with on the reflectance coating of speculum the coating that strengthens reflecting effect and defencive function.

9. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that speculum rear portion installation bracing frame.

10. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 9 is characterized in that comprising glass tube, and a plurality of support frames as described above of modularization being arranged as skeleton link together.

11. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that speculum comprises a plurality of mirror units, described a plurality of mirror units focal line separately overlaps and constitutes described long focal line.

12. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising that described closed framework is a plurality of frame module combinations, and the unified sealing of described a plurality of framework.

13. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising tube connector, tube connector is connected to the absorber in one of described a plurality of closed frameworks.

14. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the skeleton of closed framework adopts the steel frame construction.

15. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the maintenance gateway that is arranged on the closed framework.

16. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that on the glass plate two sides or inner surface coating or cover the anti-reflection blooming of antireflective at least.

17. solar aggregation apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the tracing process, it is vertical with the optical main axis face of speculum that the sensitive surface of absorption plant keeps.

18. building element comprises the described solar aggregation apparatus according to one of claim 1-17.

19. building element according to claim 18 is characterized in that top or the body of wall of described building element as building.

20. building element as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that also comprising conversion equipment and/or energy storage equipment, is used for power conversion or storage or use or transmission that absorption plant is produced.