CN212793036U

CN212793036U - Main shaft of numerical control machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN212793036U
Application number: CN202021627381.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张龙龙; 宋延昌
Original assignee: Qingdao Jiugute Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Jiugute Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-07
Filing date: 2020-08-07
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses a digit control machine tool main shaft, it includes rotation actuating system and axial displacement actuating system, and rotation actuating system includes driving motor, band pulley group, main shaft, spline housing and handle of a knife, driving motor passes through the band pulley group and transmits rotary motion to the main shaft with the spline housing that band pulley group is connected, axial displacement actuating system includes ball, ball nut, lead screw guiding mechanism and the nut seat that servo motor, one end and servo motor rotor end are connected, the ball axis is parallel with the main shaft axis, ball nut is connected with the nut seat and can drives the nut seat along axial displacement on the lead screw guiding mechanism, the nut seat can drive the main shaft simultaneously and be axial displacement. The utility model discloses compact structure, small in size, production low in manufacturing cost and adjustment are easy and simple to handle, greatly reduced the manufacturing cost of enterprise, have good application and popularization prospect.

Description

Main shaft of numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tool machining technical field specifically is a digit control machine tool main shaft.

Background

The numerical control machine tool is widely applied, a main shaft on the numerical control machine tool can drive a cutter to accurately process workpieces of various structures and sizes, the main shaft can do rotary motion along the axis of the main shaft or displacement along the axial direction of the main shaft in the processing process, and the structure for driving the main shaft to rotate or displace along the axial direction of the main shaft on the existing numerical control machine tool has the defects of complex structure, large volume, high production and manufacturing cost, inconvenience in adjustment and operation and the like, so that the production cost of enterprises is increased, and the numerical control machine tool is not beneficial to popularization and application.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a digit control machine tool main shaft, it has solved prior art for the structure that the mechanism that drive digit control machine tool main shaft rotated and axial displacement exists is complicated, bulky, production manufacturing cost is high and the inconvenient scheduling problem of adjustment operation, has advantages such as actuating mechanism compact structure, small in size, production manufacturing cost are low and the adjustment is easy and simple to handle. The adopted technical scheme is as follows:

a main shaft of a numerical control machine tool comprises a rotation driving system and an axial movement driving system,

the rotary driving system comprises a driving motor, a belt pulley set, a main shaft, a spline housing and a tool shank, wherein the spline housing is sleeved outside the main shaft, a spline matched with the spline housing is arranged at a corresponding position of the outer side wall of the main shaft, the driving motor transmits rotary motion to the main shaft through the belt pulley set and the spline housing connected with the belt pulley set, and the tail end of the main shaft is connected with the tool shank;

the axial movement driving system comprises a servo motor, a ball screw nut, a screw guide mechanism and a nut seat, wherein one end of the ball screw is connected with the rotor end of the servo motor, the axis of the ball screw is parallel to the axis of the main shaft, the ball screw nut is connected with the nut seat and can drive the nut seat to move on the screw guide mechanism along the axial direction, and the nut seat can drive the main shaft to move axially at the same time.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the spindle device further comprises a spindle sleeve and a first bearing group, a first through hole for a spindle to penetrate through is formed in the end face of the nut seat, one end of the spindle sleeve is connected with the end face of the nut seat, the other end of the spindle sleeve is in clearance fit with the outer side wall of the spindle, the spindle sleeve is connected with the spindle through the first bearing group, and the spindle sleeve is static relative to the spindle and can drive the spindle to move axially under the driving of the nut seat.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the novel spindle box further comprises a spindle box body, a cavity used for containing a spindle sleeve and a nut seat is arranged in the spindle box body, the spindle sleeve is in clearance fit with the cavity, an oil filling hole communicated with the cavity is formed in the top surface of the spindle box body, and a framework oil seal is sleeved on the outer side wall, extending out of the spindle box body, of the spindle sleeve.

On the basis of the technical scheme, a belt pulley seat is fixedly connected to the spindle box body, the belt pulley group comprises a driving belt pulley connected with a rotor end of the driving motor and a driven belt pulley connected with the spindle through a spline sleeve, the driven belt pulley is of a hollow structure, a cylindrical framework of the belt pulley seat is arranged in the driven belt pulley, the outer side wall of the cylindrical framework of the belt pulley seat is matched with the inner side wall of the driven belt pulley through a second bearing group, the inner side wall of the belt pulley seat is in clearance fit with the outer side wall of the sleeve portion of the spline sleeve, and the driving motor transmits rotary motion to the spindle through the belt pulley group and the spline sleeve.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the lead screw guide mechanism comprises two guide rails respectively arranged on two sides of a nut seat and a sliding block connected with the guide rails in a sliding manner, and the nut seat is fixedly connected with the sliding block and can move on the guide rails along the axial direction.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the tail end of the main shaft is in threaded connection with the cutter handle, and an end face key matched with the cutter handle is arranged on the tail end face of the main shaft.

On the basis of the technical scheme, a belt wheel cover is fixedly connected to the spindle box body, the belt wheel cover is arranged outside the belt wheel set, and the driving motor base is fixedly connected to the side face of the belt wheel cover.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the servo motor is connected with the top surface of the main shaft box through the servo motor base, one end of the ball screw is connected with the rotor end of the servo motor through a coupler, the other end of the ball screw penetrates through a second through hole formed in the servo motor base and extends out of the servo motor base, and a third bearing set is assembled at the joint of the ball screw and the second through hole.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the bearing device is characterized in that the number of the first bearing groups is two, each first bearing group comprises at least one tapered roller bearing and at least one deep groove ball bearing, and the tapered roller bearings in the two first bearing groups are arranged oppositely.

Advantageous effects

In the utility model, the driving motor drives the main shaft to rotate through the belt set and the spline housing connected with the belt set, wherein the degree of freedom of the main shaft along the axis is not limited; the servo motor drives the ball screw to do rotary motion, the ball screw nut matched with the ball screw drives the nut seat to displace on the screw guide mechanism along the axis direction of the ball screw nut, the nut seat is connected with the spindle through the spindle sleeve and can drive the spindle to synchronously displace along the axis direction of the spindle, so that the rotary motion and the linear motion of the axis direction of the spindle of the numerical control machine tool are realized, and the corresponding driving mechanism has the advantages of compact structure, small size and simple and convenient operation, and is favorable for reducing the production and manufacturing cost of the spindle of the machine tool.

The utility model discloses well main shaft overcoat is equipped with the main shaft sleeve, and the main shaft sleeve is static and can drive the main shaft and take place the displacement along its axis direction relatively, can play the effect of support and protection to the main shaft, thereby prevents that the main shaft from taking place the runout and influencing processingquality, is favorable to guaranteeing higher machining precision, is favorable to prolonging the life of lathe main shaft bright.

The utility model discloses well headstock is internal to be equipped with and to be used for the telescopic cavity of holding main shaft, and headstock top is equipped with the oil filler point for it is lubricated between cavity inner wall and the main shaft sleeve outside wall in the daily production, but guarantees the main shaft sleeve at headstock internal smooth movement.

The utility model discloses in be provided with first bearing group, second bearing group and third bearing group in transmission structure, be favorable to realizing main shaft rotary motion, along its axis motion process steady, the first bearing group who wherein locates between main shaft and main shaft sleeve has two sets ofly, and the tapered roller bearing of two sets of first bearing group sets up relatively, so can balance the course of working along main shaft axial power, thereby prevent that the main shaft from taking place the axial and beating and influence processingquality.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawing in the following description is only an embodiment of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from the drawing provided without inventive effort.

FIG. 1: the structure of the utility model is shown schematically;

FIG. 2: the utility model has the structure schematic after the protective cover, the main shaft box body and the belt wheel cover are removed;

FIG. 3: the utility model discloses a schematic diagram of an internal partial section structure after the shield is removed;

FIG. 4: the utility model discloses an explosion diagram of a main shaft and adjacent parts matched with the main shaft;

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

A numerical control machine tool spindle shown in fig. 1-4 comprises a rotation driving system and an axial movement driving system,

the rotary driving system comprises a driving motor 1, a belt pulley set, a main shaft 4, a spline housing 5 and a cutter handle, wherein the spline housing 5 is sleeved outside the main shaft 4, a spline matched with the spline housing 5 is arranged at a corresponding position on the outer side wall of the main shaft 4, the belt pulley set comprises a driving pulley 2 connected with the rotor end of the driving motor 1, a driven pulley 3 connected with the main shaft 4 through the spline housing 5 and a toothed belt (not shown) connecting the driving pulley 2 and the driven pulley 3, wherein the driving pulley 2 and the driven pulley 3 are synchronous pulleys, the driven pulley 3 is of a hollow structure, the end surface of the spline housing 5 is in threaded connection with the end surface of the driven pulley 3, namely the driving motor 1 transmits rotary motion to the main shaft 4 through the driving pulley 2, the driven pulley 3 and the spline housing 5, and the tail end of the main shaft 4 is connected with the;

the axial movement driving system comprises a servo motor 6, a ball screw 7, a ball screw nut 8, a screw guide mechanism and a nut seat 9, wherein one end of the ball screw 7 is connected with the rotor end of the servo motor 6 through a coupler, the ball screw nut 8 is matched with the ball screw 7, the axis of the ball screw 7 is parallel to the axis of a main shaft 4, the ball screw nut 8 penetrates through a through hole in the nut seat 9 and is in interference fit with the through hole, the ball screw nut 8 can drive the nut seat 9 to move, the axial movement driving system further comprises a main shaft sleeve 10 and a first bearing group 11, a first through hole for the main shaft 4 to penetrate through is formed in the end face of the nut seat 9, the aperture of the first through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the main shaft 4, one end of the main shaft sleeve 10 is in threaded connection with the end face of the nut seat 9, a waterproof flange 23 is in threaded connection, the spindle sleeve 10 is connected with the spindle 4 through a first bearing group 11 in a matching manner, that is, outer rings of bearings in the first bearing group 11 are in interference fit with an inner side wall of the spindle sleeve 10, inner rings of the bearings in the first bearing group 11 are in interference fit with an outer side wall of a corresponding position of the spindle 4, the spindle 4 can rotate relative to the spindle sleeve 10, and the spindle sleeve 10 is stationary relative to the spindle 4 and can drive the spindle 4 to move axially under the driving of the nut seat 9.

Still include the main shaft box 12, be equipped with the cavity 13 that is used for holding main shaft sleeve 10 and nut seat 9 in the main shaft box 12, main shaft sleeve 10 lateral wall and cavity 13 inside wall clearance fit, just the oil filler point 14 with cavity 13 intercommunication is seted up to the top surface of main shaft box 12, and workman accessible oil filler point 14 adds lubricating oil to between main shaft sleeve 10 and cavity 13, the cover is equipped with skeleton oil blanket 15 on the lateral wall that main shaft sleeve 10 stretches out main shaft box 12 department.

In addition, a pulley seat 16 is screwed on the spindle case 12, a cylindrical framework of the pulley seat 16 is arranged in the driven pulley 3, the outer side wall of the cylindrical framework is matched with the inner side wall of the driven pulley 3 through a second bearing set 17, the outer side wall of the outer ring of each bearing in the second bearing set 17 is in interference fit with the inner side wall of the driven pulley 3, the inner side wall of the inner ring of each bearing in the second bearing set 17 is in interference fit with the outer side wall of the cylindrical framework of the pulley seat 16, and the inner side wall of the cylindrical framework is in clearance fit with the outer side wall of the sleeve portion of the spline housing 5, so that the pulley seat 16 can provide support for the driven pulley 3, and does not interfere with the spindle 4 to perform rotary motion and linear displacement along.

In addition, the screw guide mechanism includes two guide rails 18 respectively disposed on both sides of the nut block 9, and a slide block 19 slidably connected to the guide rails 18, wherein the guide rails 18 are screwed to the top surface of the main spindle housing 112, and the nut block 9 is screwed to the slide block 19 and is axially movable on the guide rails 18.

In addition, the tail end of the main shaft 4 is in threaded connection with the tool shank, and an end face key 20 matched with the tool shank is in threaded connection with the tail end face of the main shaft 4.

In addition, a pulley cover 21 is fixedly connected to the spindle case 12, the pulley cover 21 covers the outside of the pulley set, and the driving motor 1 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the pulley cover 21. The automatic ball screw driver also comprises a protective cover which is covered outside the ball screw 7 and the nut seat 9, and the bottom of the protective cover is screwed on the top surface of the main shaft box body 12.

Furthermore, servo motor 6's base spiro union is on servo motor seat's terminal surface, and servo motor seat's bottom surface and main headstock 12 top surface spiro union, ball 7's one end passes through the coupling joint with servo motor 6 rotor end, ball 7's the other end passes the second through-hole of locating on servo motor seat and stretches out outside servo motor seat, ball 7 and second through-hole junction are furnished with third bearing group 22, the lateral wall of each bearing inner race and the inside wall interference fit of second through-hole in the third bearing group 22, the inside wall interference fit of the inside wall of each bearing inner race and the connection handle on the ball 7 in the third bearing group 22.

In addition, the number of the first bearing sets 11 is two, each first bearing set 11 includes a tapered roller bearing and a deep groove ball bearing, and the tapered roller bearings in the two first bearing sets 11 are arranged oppositely.

Principle of operation

A rotation driving system: the rotary motion on the rotor end of the driving motor 1 is transmitted to the main shaft 4 sequentially through the driving belt wheel 2, the toothed belt, the driven belt wheel 3 and the spline housing 5, the main shaft 4 drives the tool shank at the tail end of the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft 4 can axially displace relative to the spline housing 5.

Axial movement drive system: the rotor end of servo motor 6 is connected with the handle portion of being connected on ball 7 through the shaft coupling, transmit rotary motion to ball 7, ball 7 drives ball nut 8 and is the linear motion along 7 axial direction of ball, and transmit above-mentioned linear motion to the nut seat 9 of being connected with ball nut 8, nut seat 9 and the one end spiro union of spindle sleeve 10, and the other end of spindle sleeve 10 passes through

waterproof flange

23 and 4 lateral walls of main shaft joint, so nut seat 9 accessible spindle sleeve 10 drives main shaft 4 and is the linear motion along its axis direction.

The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any modification or variation based on the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main shaft of a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a rotation driving system and an axial movement driving system,

the rotary driving system comprises a driving motor (1), a belt pulley set, a main shaft (4), a spline sleeve (5) and a cutter handle, wherein the spline sleeve (5) is sleeved outside the main shaft (4), a spline matched with the spline sleeve (5) is arranged at a corresponding position of the outer side wall of the main shaft (4), the driving motor (1) transmits rotary motion to the main shaft (4) through the belt pulley set and the spline sleeve (5) connected with the belt pulley set, and the tail end of the main shaft (4) is connected with the cutter handle;

the axial movement driving system comprises a servo motor (6), a ball screw (7) with one end connected with the rotor end of the servo motor (6), a ball screw nut (8), a screw guide mechanism and a nut seat (9), wherein the axis of the ball screw (7) is parallel to the axis of the main shaft (4), the ball screw nut (8) is connected with the nut seat (9) and can drive the nut seat (9) to move axially on the screw guide mechanism, and the nut seat (9) can drive the main shaft (4) to move axially at the same time.

2. The numerical control machine tool spindle according to claim 1, further comprising a spindle sleeve (10) and a first bearing set (11), wherein a first through hole for the spindle (4) to pass through is formed in an end surface of the nut seat (9), one end of the spindle sleeve (10) is connected with the end surface of the nut seat (9), the other end of the spindle sleeve (10) is in clearance fit with an outer side wall of the spindle (4), the spindle sleeve (10) is connected with the spindle (4) through the first bearing set (11), and the spindle sleeve (10) is stationary relative to the spindle (4) and can drive the spindle (4) to move axially under the driving of the nut seat (9).

3. The numerical control machine tool spindle according to claim 2, further comprising a spindle box body (12), wherein a cavity (13) for accommodating the spindle sleeve (10) and the nut seat (9) is formed in the spindle box body (12), the spindle sleeve (10) is in clearance fit with the cavity (13), an oil filling hole (14) communicated with the cavity (13) is formed in the top surface of the spindle box body (12), and a skeleton oil seal (15) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the spindle sleeve (10) extending out of the spindle box body (12).

4. The numerical control machine tool spindle according to claim 3, wherein a pulley seat (16) is fixedly connected to the spindle box (12), the pulley group comprises a driving pulley (2) connected to a rotor end of the driving motor (1) and a driven pulley (3) connected to the spindle (4) through a spline housing (5), the driven pulley (3) is of a hollow structure, a cylindrical framework of the pulley seat (16) is arranged in the driven pulley (3), an outer side wall of the cylindrical framework of the pulley seat (16) is matched with an inner side wall of the driven pulley (3) through a second bearing group (17), the inner side wall of the cylindrical framework of the pulley seat (16) is in clearance fit with an outer side wall of the spline housing (5), and the driving motor (1) transmits rotary motion to the spindle (4) through the pulley group and the spline housing (5).

5. The numerical control machine spindle according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the screw guide mechanism comprises two guide rails (18) respectively arranged at two sides of the nut seat (9) and a slide block (19) connected with the guide rails (18) in a sliding manner, and the nut seat (9) is fixedly connected with the slide block (19) and can move on the guide rails (18) along the axial direction.

6. The numerical control machine tool spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that the tail end of the spindle (4) is in threaded connection with a tool shank, and an end face key (20) matched with the tool shank is arranged on the tail end face of the spindle (4).

7. The numerical control machine tool spindle according to claim 5, wherein a pulley cover (21) is fixedly connected to the spindle box body (12), the pulley cover (21) covers the outside of the pulley set, and the driving motor base is fixedly connected to the side surface of the pulley cover (21).

8. The numerically-controlled machine tool spindle according to claim 5, wherein the servo motor (6) is connected with the top surface of the spindle box body (12) through a servo motor base, one end of the ball screw (7) is connected with the rotor end of the servo motor (6) through a coupler, the other end of the ball screw (7) penetrates through a second through hole formed in the servo motor base and extends out of the servo motor base, and a third bearing set (22) is assembled at the joint of the ball screw (7) and the second through hole.

9. Numerical control machine spindle according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the number of said first bearing groups (11) is two, each of said first bearing groups (11) comprising at least one tapered roller bearing and at least one deep groove ball bearing, and the tapered roller bearings in the two first bearing groups (11) are arranged opposite to each other.