CN212371189U - Gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of planer type milling machine - Google Patents
Gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of planer type milling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN212371189U CN212371189U CN201921941682.0U CN201921941682U CN212371189U CN 212371189 U CN212371189 U CN 212371189U CN 201921941682 U CN201921941682 U CN 201921941682U CN 212371189 U CN212371189 U CN 212371189U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planer type milling machine, which comprises a ram, a bearing seat arranged on the ram, a main shaft sleeved on the bearing seat, a gear box arranged on the ram, a driven shaft arranged in the gear box, a first gear and a second gear which can slide freely along the driven shaft, wherein the first gear is fixedly connected with the second gear, a pneumatic device is arranged above the gear box, a third gear and a fourth gear which are fixedly connected are sleeved on the main shaft, a driving device for driving the driven shaft to rotate is arranged on the ram, an encoder connected with the main shaft is arranged on the ram, the encoder is electrically connected with the driving device, the gear shifting design meets the requirements of low-speed large-torque cuttings and high-speed finish machining, and the encoder can detect the gap error of gear transmission, the main shaft can not be reversely rotated at low speed, and the requirement of high-rigidity tapping is met.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a drive mechanism of milling machine main shaft especially relates to a longmen milling machine gear drive formula main shaft variable speed gearshift.
Background
The transmission mechanism of the main shaft is one of important components of the numerical control milling machine, and the reasonable transmission mechanism of the main shaft is an important condition for ensuring the cutting capability of the machine tool.
The main shaft transmission mechanism in most existing numerical control gantry milling machines is usually connected with a motor directly or by adopting synchronous belt transmission at high rotating speed, which often results in limited rotating speed range and cutting torque range of the main shaft, if the main shaft needs low-speed high-torque tapping, a workpiece is usually transferred to another processing device to re-clamp and re-position the workpiece, which not only results in larger position tolerance of some processing characteristics of the workpiece and does not meet the high-precision processing requirement, but also can scratch the workpiece in the transfer process, therefore, the existing milling machines have the technical problem that the switching between low-speed high-torque and high-speed finish machining cannot be carried out, especially for a processing center, the single main shaft transmission mechanism using low-speed high-torque or high-speed finish machining not only has the disadvantage of higher cost, the equipment also occupies a large space.
The existing small-part two-gear type spindle transmission mechanism adopts a hydraulic gear shifting gear transmission structure, the hydraulic transmission mode is high in price, the whole mechanism is large and heavy in size, the gravity center is too large, on one hand, the motion inertia of the gear shifting mechanism can be increased, the response speed of starting or stopping the spindle is low, and on the other hand, the machining precision and the cutting performance of a lathe can be influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defect among the prior art, provide a light in weight, small, can adapt to the planer-type milling machine gear drive formula main shaft variable speed gearshift of the big moment of torsion smear metal of low-speed, high-speed finish machining and low-speed rigidity tapping demand.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model provides a gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planer type milling machine, which comprises a ram and a bearing seat arranged on the ram, a main shaft sleeved on the bearing seat and rotating, a gear box arranged on the ram, a driven shaft arranged in the gear box, the driven shaft is sleeved with a first gear and a second gear which can freely slide along the driven shaft, the first gear is fixedly connected with the second gear, a pneumatic device for driving the first gear and the second gear to slide back and forth along a driven shaft is arranged above the gear box, the main shaft is sleeved with a third gear and a fourth gear which are fixedly connected, the ram is provided with a driving device for driving the driven shaft to rotate, the ram is provided with an encoder in transmission connection with the main shaft, and the encoder is electrically connected with the driving device.
Preferably, the pneumatic device comprises an air cylinder fixedly connected above the gear box and a shifting block in transmission connection with the air cylinder, a bearing is sleeved at one end of the shifting block, and an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the first gear/the second gear in a coaxial manner.
Preferably, drive arrangement establishes the driving gear on the motor output shaft including installing the motor on the ram at the cover, with driving gear meshing driven gear, driven gear and driven shaft are with axle center fixed connection, the encoder is connected with the motor electricity.
Preferably, the gear box includes the gear box body installed on the ram, installs first bearing and second bearing in the gear box body, a pot head of driven shaft is established in first bearing, and another pot head is established in the second bearing.
Preferably, the first gear/the second gear is slidably connected with the driven shaft through a spline.
Preferably, the third gear and the fourth gear are respectively and fixedly connected with the main shaft through flat keys.
Preferably, the encoder is a rotary encoder.
Preferably, the encoder is in transmission connection with one end of the main shaft through a synchronous belt.
Preferably, the bearing frame is including installing the third bearing frame in the ram below, the third bearing frame is the step bearing frame, the terminal cover of main shaft below is established in the third bearing frame.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model is provided with a ram, a bearing seat arranged on the ram, a main shaft sleeved on the bearing seat and rotating, a gear box arranged on the ram, a driven shaft arranged in the gear box, a first gear and a second gear which can slide freely along the driven shaft, the first gear and the second gear are fixedly connected, a pneumatic device for driving the first gear and the second gear to slide back and forth along the driven shaft is arranged above the gear box, a third gear and a fourth gear which are fixedly connected are sleeved on the main shaft, a driving device for driving the driven shaft to rotate is arranged on the ram, an encoder connected with the main shaft in a transmission way is arranged on the ram, the encoder is electrically connected with the driving device, the driven shaft is driven to rotate by the driving device, the first gear on the driven shaft and the third gear on the main shaft are engaged for transmission, thereby it makes fast-speed rotary motion to drive the main shaft, pneumatic means drives first gear and third gear second gear and the epaxial fourth gear engagement transmission of main when the separation simultaneously, thereby it makes low-speed rotary motion to drive the main shaft, the design of shifting has satisfied the big moment of torsion smear metal of low-speed and the demand of high-speed finish machining, the encoder can the information of the number of turns of rotation and the rotational speed of real-time supervision main shaft in addition, feed back drive arrangement again, thereby carry out corresponding compensation to gear drive's clearance error, the phenomenon of reversal can not appear when making the main shaft at low speed, satisfy the demand of high rigidity tapping.
The utility model also provides a numerical control planer-type milling machine, including the portal frame, install the horizontal straight line module on the portal frame, install the vertical straight line module on horizontal straight line module to and foretell planer-type milling machine gear drive formula main shaft variable speed gearshift, planer-type milling machine gear drive formula main shaft variable speed gearshift is installed on vertical straight line module.
Compared with the prior art, use the utility model discloses a numerical control planer-type milling machine's beneficial effect lies in:
the design that the main shaft rotational speed was shifted has satisfied the big moment of torsion smear metal of milling machine low-speed and the demand of high-speed finish machining, and the encoder can the information of the number of revolutions and the rotational speed of real-time supervision main shaft in addition, feeds back drive arrangement again to carry out corresponding compensation to gear drive's clearance error, the phenomenon of reversal can not appear when making the main shaft at low speed, thereby makes the milling machine still satisfy the demand of high rigidity tapping.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the utility model provides a gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shift mechanism for planer type milling machine, which comprises a ram 1, a bearing seat 2 fixed on the ram 1, a main shaft 3 sleeved in the bearing seat 2 for rotation, and a gear box 4 arranged on one side of the ram 1, wherein a driven shaft 5 is arranged in the gear box 4, the gear box 4 comprises a gear box body 41 fixed on the ram 1, a first bearing 42 and a second bearing 43 arranged in the gear box body 41, one end of the driven shaft 5 is sleeved in the first bearing 42 for rotation, the other end is sleeved in the second bearing 43 for rotation, wherein the gear box body 41 has a dustproof function, which can prevent the internal gears and bearings from being stained with dust or scrap iron, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of gear transmission, the driven shaft 5 is sleeved with a first gear 6 and a second gear 7 which can freely slide along the driven shaft 5, the first gear 6 and the second gear 7 are fixedly connected, a pneumatic device 8 for driving the first gear 6 and the second gear 7 to slide back and forth along the driven shaft 5 is arranged above the gear box 4, the pneumatic device 8 comprises a cylinder 81 fixed above the gear box 4, a shifting block 82 in transmission connection with the cylinder 81, the shifting block 82 is fixed on a piston rod of the cylinder 81, the cylinder 81 can drive the shifting block 82 to move up and down longitudinally, a bearing 83 is sleeved on one end of the shifting block 82, an outer ring of the bearing 83 is fixed on the shifting block 82, the axial direction of the bearing 83 is vertically arranged, an inner ring of the bearing 83 is fixedly connected with the first gear 6/the second gear 7 in a coaxial manner, a third gear 9 and a fourth gear 10 which are fixedly connected are sleeved on the main shaft 3, wherein the modulus and the pressure angle of the first gear 6 are the same as those of the third gear 9, the modulus and the pressure angle of the second gear 7 are the same as those of the fourth gear 10, the ram 1 facial make-up is equipped with and is used for driving driven shaft 5 to make rotary motion's drive arrangement 01, drive arrangement 01 includes the motor 011 fixed on the ram 1, the cover establishes the driving gear 012 on the motor 011 output shaft, the driving gear 012 passes through the output shaft fixed connection of flat key and motor 011, with driving gear 012 meshing driven gear 013, driven gear 013 passes through the flat key and the same axle center fixed connection of driven shaft 5, motor 011 drives the rotation of driving gear 012, driving gear 012 drives driven gear 013's rotation to drive driven shaft 5 and make rotary motion, can also be synchronous belt drive between motor 011's output shaft and the driven shaft 5, ram 1 facial make-up is equipped with the encoder 02 of being connected with main shaft 3 transmission, encoder 02 is connected with motor 011 electricity, encoder 02 is used for receiving the information of the number of rotations and the rotational speed of main shaft 3, and communicates this information to the motor 011.
The first gear 6/the second gear 7 are connected with the driven shaft 5 in a sliding mode through splines, and the splines under the same shaft diameter have the advantages of being large in bearing torque, enabling the gears to be uniform in stress, small in stress concentration, long in service life and good in guiding performance.
The third gear 9 and the fourth gear 10 are respectively fixedly connected with the main shaft 3 through flat keys, and the flat keys enable the gears to bear large torque in a connecting mode, so that the third gear 9/the fourth gear 10 are prevented from rotating on the main shaft 3.
The encoder 02 is a rotary encoder, the encoder 02 is connected with one end of the main shaft 3 through a synchronous belt in a transmission manner, and the synchronous belt transmission has the advantage of no back clearance, so that the encoder 02 accurately receives the number of rotation turns and the information of the rotating speed of the main shaft 3.
Specifically, during operation, the motor 011 drives the driving gear 012 to rotate, the driving gear 012 drives the driven gear 013 to rotate, the driven gear 013 enables the driven shaft 5 to rotate, the first gear 6 on the driven shaft 5 is meshed with the third gear 9 on the main shaft 3, so that the main shaft 3 moves at a high speed, at this time, the main shaft is a high-speed finish machining gear, if a low-speed gear is needed to be changed, the machine is stopped first, the rear cylinder 81 drives the dial block 82 to move downwards, the dial block 82 drives the first gear 6 to be separated from the third gear 9 along the driven shaft 5, meanwhile, the second gear 7 is pushed to a position meshed with the fourth gear 10 along the driven shaft 5, at this time, the motor 011 drives the driven shaft 5 to rotate again through gear transmission, the second gear 7 on the driven shaft 5 is meshed with the fourth gear 10 on the main shaft 3 for transmission, so as to drive the main shaft 3 to move at a low speed, at this time, in addition, the encoder 02 can monitor the number of rotations of the spindle 3 and the information of the rotating speed in real time, the encoder 02 feeds signals of the number of rotations of the spindle 3 back to the motor 011, the motor 011 compensates for gear clearance errors, the rotating precision of the spindle 2 is guaranteed, slight reverse rotation phenomenon caused by gear transmission clearance can not occur during low-speed machining, and the requirement of low-speed rigid tapping is met.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, the utility model also provides a numerical control planer-type milling machine, including portal frame 03, install horizontal straight line module 04 on portal frame 03, install vertical straight line module 05 on horizontal straight line module 04 to and foretell planer-type milling machine gear drive formula main shaft variable speed gearshift, planer-type milling machine gear drive formula main shaft variable speed gearshift is installed on vertical straight line module 05, and this numerical control planer-type milling machine can satisfy low-speed big moment of torsion and high-speed finish machining's demand simultaneously, and the main shaft can not appear slight reversal's phenomenon because of gear drive's clearance simultaneously, satisfies the demand of low-speed rigidity tapping.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement modes, and all are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A gear transmission type spindle speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planer type milling machine comprises a ram (1), a bearing seat (2) arranged on the ram (1), and a spindle (3) sleeved on the bearing seat (2) and rotating, and is characterized by further comprising a gear box (4) arranged on the ram (1), wherein a driven shaft (5) is arranged in the gear box (4), a first gear (6) and a second gear (7) capable of freely sliding along the driven shaft (5) are sleeved on the driven shaft (5), the first gear (6) is fixedly connected with the second gear (7), a pneumatic device (8) used for driving the first gear (6) and the second gear (7) to slide back and forth along the driven shaft (5) is arranged above the gear box (4), a third gear (9) and a fourth gear (10) which are fixedly connected are sleeved on the spindle (3), the device is characterized in that a driving device (01) used for driving the driven shaft (5) to rotate is arranged on the ram (1), an encoder (02) in transmission connection with the main shaft (3) is arranged on the ram (1), and the encoder (02) is electrically connected with the driving device (01).
2. A gear transmission type spindle speed changing gear shifting mechanism of a planer type milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic device (8) comprises a cylinder (81) fixedly connected above the gear box (4) and a shifting block (82) in transmission connection with the cylinder (81), one end of the shifting block (82) is sleeved with a bearing (83), and the inner ring of the bearing (83) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first gear (6)/the second gear (7).
3. A gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planomiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving device (01) comprises a motor (011) arranged on the ram (1), a driving gear (012) sleeved on an output shaft of the motor (011), and a driven gear (013) meshed with the driving gear (012) for transmission, wherein the driven gear (013) is fixedly connected with the driven shaft (5) in the same axis, and the encoder (02) is electrically connected with the motor (011).
4. A gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the gear box (4) comprises a gear box body (41) arranged on the ram (1), a first bearing (42) and a second bearing (43) arranged in the gear box body (41), one end of the driven shaft (5) is sleeved in the first bearing (42), and the other end of the driven shaft is sleeved in the second bearing (43).
5. A gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planomiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the first gear (6)/the second gear (7) is connected with the driven shaft (5) in a sliding manner through splines.
6. A gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planomiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the third gear (9) and the fourth gear (10) are fixedly connected with the main shaft (3) through flat keys respectively.
7. A planer gear transmission type spindle speed change gear shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the encoder (02) is a rotary encoder.
8. A gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of a planomiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the encoder (02) is in transmission connection with one end of the main shaft (3) through a synchronous belt.
9. A gear transmission type main shaft speed changing gear shifting mechanism of a planomiller according to claim 1, wherein the bearing seat (2) comprises a third bearing seat (21) installed below the ram (1), the third bearing seat (21) is a stepped bearing seat, and the end below the main shaft (3) is sleeved in the third bearing seat (21).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921941682.0U CN212371189U (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of planer type milling machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921941682.0U CN212371189U (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of planer type milling machine |
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| CN212371189U true CN212371189U (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921941682.0U Active CN212371189U (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Gear transmission type main shaft speed change gear shifting mechanism of planer type milling machine |
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| CN (1) | CN212371189U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113334249A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-09-03 | 杨晋丰 | Automatic metal cutting machine |
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2019
- 2019-11-12 CN CN201921941682.0U patent/CN212371189U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113334249A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-09-03 | 杨晋丰 | Automatic metal cutting machine |
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