CN212708022U - Movement device of 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a movement device of a 3D printer, which comprises an X-axis movement device, a Y-axis movement device, a Z-axis movement device, a printing platform and an equipment frame for bearing the components; x axle telecontrol equipment sets up on equipment frame, and X axle direction reciprocating motion can be followed to Y axle telecontrol equipment under X axle telecontrol equipment drive, and the plane setting that Z axle telecontrol equipment perpendicular to X axle, Y axle are constituteed is in this planar below and fix on equipment frame, and print platform can follow Z axle direction reciprocating motion under Z axle telecontrol equipment drive, compare in prior art the utility model discloses equipment operating stability is strong, and the printing precision is high.

Description

Movement device of 3D printer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of 3D prints, especially, relate to a telecontrol equipment of 3D printer.

Background

The 3D printing technology, also called additive manufacturing technology, is a technology for uniformly dispersing three-dimensional forming parts into a multi-layer two-dimensional structure under the control of a computer, and stacking materials layer by layer along a certain path to finally realize the forming and manufacturing of the three-dimensional parts. The method can manufacture parts with any complex shape without special tools, clamps and dies, can effectively shorten the research and development period of new products, reduce the research and development cost of the new products, and meet the increasingly growing individual and customized requirements of the products in the market.

The FDM fused deposition modeling technology is one of 3D printing technologies, and is characterized in that thermoplastic wires are heated to a molten state, a printing nozzle is controlled by a computer to move according to the section contour track of a molded part, the molten wires are stacked on a printing platform layer by layer, and finally three-dimensional manufacturing and molding of the part are achieved. The method is widely applied to the aspects of prototype design and manufacture, product function development and verification, direct production of special complex parts and the like in the fields of industrial engineering, art, education and the like.

For industrial 3D printing equipment, the stability of a motion device is that the equipment runs stably and has a large load, and meanwhile, the foundation for ensuring the printing precision is that the printing process is completed and a high-quality printed piece is obtained. However, at present, there are few researches on FDM moving devices at home and abroad, the printing precision is low when the FDM moving devices are applied to industrial 3D printers, and the operation stability of the equipment is insufficient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above problem, the utility model provides a telecontrol equipment of 3D printer, equipment operating stability is strong, and it is high to print the precision.

The utility model discloses the technical problem that solve is realized through following technical scheme:

a movement device of a 3D printer comprises an X-axis movement device, a Y-axis movement device, a Z-axis movement device, a printing platform and an equipment frame for bearing the parts; the X-axis movement device is arranged on the equipment frame, the Y-axis movement device can reciprocate along the X-axis direction under the driving of the X-axis movement device, the Z-axis movement device is perpendicular to a plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis and is arranged below the plane and fixed on the equipment frame, and the printing platform can reciprocate along the Z-axis direction under the driving of the Z-axis movement device.

Further, the equipment frame comprises a first transverse fixing plate, a second transverse fixing plate, a first longitudinal fixing plate, a second longitudinal fixing plate and a bottom supporting seat, wherein the first transverse fixing plate, the second transverse fixing plate, the first longitudinal fixing plate and the second longitudinal fixing plate are used for bearing the X-axis movement device and the Y-axis movement device; the X-axis moving device is fixed on the first transverse fixing plate, the top ends of the first longitudinal fixing plate and the second longitudinal fixing plate are fixedly connected with the first transverse fixing plate, the bottom ends of the first longitudinal fixing plate and the second longitudinal fixing plate are fixedly connected with the second transverse fixing plate, and the second transverse fixing plate is arranged on the bottom supporting seat.

Further, the X-axis movement device comprises an X-axis driving device, a connecting plate, a first horizontal guide rail and a second horizontal guide rail; the first horizontal guide rail and the second horizontal guide rail are arranged on the equipment frame in parallel along the X-axis direction, and the connecting plate can move back and forth on the first horizontal guide rail and the second horizontal guide rail under the driving of the X-axis driving device.

Furthermore, the X-axis driving device comprises an X-axis motor, an X-axis coupler, two X-axis bearings, two X-axis bearing blocks, an X-axis ball screw shaft, an X-axis screw nut and a horizontal transmission block;

the X-axis motor is arranged on the equipment frame, two X-axis bearings are fixed on the equipment frame through two X-axis bearing seats respectively, one end of an X-axis ball screw shaft is sleeved in one X-axis bearing, the other end of the X-axis ball screw shaft penetrates through the other X-axis bearing and is connected with an output shaft of the X-axis motor through an X-axis coupler, a first horizontal sliding block and a second horizontal sliding block are arranged on a first horizontal guide rail and a second horizontal guide rail respectively, a first horizontal connecting block and a second horizontal connecting block are fixed on the first horizontal sliding block and the second horizontal sliding block respectively, two ends of a connecting plate are fixedly connected with the first horizontal connecting block and the second horizontal connecting block respectively, an X-axis screw nut is sleeved on the X-axis ball screw shaft and is fixedly connected with a horizontal transmission block, and the horizontal transmission block is fixedly connected with the first horizontal connecting block.

Furthermore, a horizontal limit switch is arranged below one end, far away from the X-axis motor, of the X-axis ball screw shaft, horizontal elastic pads are arranged on two sides of the horizontal transmission block, and horizontal hard limit blocks are arranged on the inner sides of two X-axis bearing seats at two ends of the X-axis ball screw shaft.

Furthermore, the Y-axis movement device comprises a Y-axis driving device and a longitudinal guide rail, the longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the connecting plate along the Y-axis direction, a longitudinal sliding block is arranged on the longitudinal guide rail, and the Y-axis driving device can drive the longitudinal sliding block to move back and forth on the longitudinal guide rail;

the Y-axis driving device comprises a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis coupler, two Y-axis bearings, two Y-axis bearing blocks, a Y-axis ball screw shaft, a Y-axis screw nut and a longitudinal transmission block; the Y-axis motor is arranged on the connecting plate, the two Y-axis bearings are fixed on the connecting plate through two Y-axis bearing blocks respectively, one end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft is sleeved in one of the Y-axis bearings, and the other end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft penetrates through the other Y-axis bearing and is connected with an output shaft of the Y-axis motor through a Y-axis coupler; the longitudinal sliding block is fixedly provided with a longitudinal connecting block, the Y-axis lead screw nut is sleeved on the Y-axis ball lead screw shaft and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal transmission block, and the longitudinal transmission block is fixedly connected with the longitudinal connecting block.

Furthermore, a longitudinal limit switch is arranged below one end, far away from the Y-axis motor, of the Y-axis ball screw shaft, longitudinal elastic pads are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal transmission block, and longitudinal hard limit blocks are arranged on the inner sides of two Y-axis bearing seats at two ends of the Y-axis ball screw shaft.

Furthermore, the Z-axis movement device comprises a Z-axis driving device, a printing platform and four vertical optical axes;

the four vertical optical axes are perpendicular to the printing platform and are respectively arranged at the four corners of the printing platform, each vertical optical axis is provided with a linear bearing in a sliding manner, the linear bearing is fixedly provided with a first vertical connecting block, and the four first vertical connecting blocks are respectively fixedly connected with the four corners of the printing platform; the printing platform can reciprocate along the vertical direction under the driving of the Z-axis driving device.

Further, the Z-axis driving device comprises a Z-axis motor, a speed reducer, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear, a fifth bevel gear, a sixth bevel gear and two Z-axis screw shafts;

the two Z-axis lead screw shafts are respectively arranged on two sides of the printing platform and are parallel to the vertical optical axis; a Z-axis lead screw nut is arranged on the Z-axis lead screw shaft, vertical second-direction connecting blocks are fixed on the Z-axis lead screw nut, and the two second vertical connecting blocks are respectively and fixedly connected with the two sides of the printing platform; the Z-axis motor is fixed on the equipment frame, the Z-axis motor is connected with a first bevel gear through a speed reducer, the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is connected with a third bevel gear through a first transmission shaft, the second bevel gear is connected with a fourth bevel gear through a second transmission shaft, a fifth bevel gear and a sixth bevel gear are respectively fixed on two Z-axis lead screw shafts, the third bevel gear is meshed with the fifth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is meshed with the sixth bevel gear.

Further, the connecting plate is of a trapezoidal structure.

The utility model has the advantages of mainly lie in following several:

1. the X-axis movement device ensures transmission precision through coupling connection, the ball screw ensures operation displacement precision, and the two linear guide rails arranged in parallel with the screw ensure operation direction precision. During installation, the coaxiality of the screw shaft, the coupling and the motor shaft is ensured; parallelism of the ball screw and the two horizontal guide rails; levelness of the top plate of the frame.

And the limiting device adopts two modes of soft and hard limiting, and plays a role in double protection on the movement device and the whole equipment.

2. And the Y-axis movement device ensures transmission precision through coupling connection, the ball screw ensures operation displacement precision, and the linear guide rail arranged in parallel with the screw ensures operation direction precision. During installation, the coaxiality of the screw shaft, the coupling and the motor shaft is ensured; parallelism of the ball screw and the horizontal guide rail; levelness of the upper surface of the tripod.

The limiting device adopts two modes of soft and hard limiting, and plays a role in double protection on the movement device and the whole equipment.

3. And the Z-axis motion device ensures synchronous motion of screw shafts on two sides through bevel gear transmission, the ball screw ensures the precision of operation displacement, and two optical axes arranged in parallel with the screw ensure the precision of operation direction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the X-axis and Y-axis movement device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an X, Y axle safety limiting device in the present invention;

fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of the Z-axis movement device in the present invention.

Detailed Description

To further describe the technical features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The coordinate system herein takes the starting end of the X-axis ball screw shaft 1-5 as the origin of coordinates, the axial direction of the X-axis ball screw shaft 1-5 as the X-axis direction, the axial direction of the Y-axis ball screw shaft as the Y-axis direction, and the axial direction of the Z-axis ball screw shaft as the Z-axis direction.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a movement device of a 3D printer includes an X-axis movement device 1, a Y-axis movement device 2, a Z-axis movement device 4, a printing platform 5, and an apparatus frame 6 for carrying the above components; the X-axis movement device 1 is arranged on the equipment frame 6, the Y-axis movement device can reciprocate along the X-axis direction under the driving of the X-axis movement device 1, the Z-axis movement device 4 is perpendicular to the plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis and arranged below the plane and fixed on the equipment frame 6, and the printing platform 5 can reciprocate along the Z-axis direction under the driving of the Z-axis movement device 4.

Further, the equipment frame 6 comprises a first transverse fixing plate 6-1, a second transverse fixing plate 6-2, a first longitudinal fixing plate 6-3, a second longitudinal fixing plate 6-4 and a bottom supporting seat 6-5 for supporting the X-axis moving device 1 and the Y-axis moving device 2; the X-axis moving device 1 is fixed on a first transverse fixing plate 6-1, the top ends of the first longitudinal fixing plate 6-3 and a second longitudinal fixing plate 6-4 are fixedly connected with the first transverse fixing plate 6-1, the bottom ends of the first longitudinal fixing plate 6-3 and the second longitudinal fixing plate 6-2 are fixedly connected with a second transverse fixing plate 6-2, the second transverse fixing plate 6-2 is arranged on a bottom supporting seat 6-5, and an equipment frame is of a plate type structure, so that the flatness of the transverse fixing plate 6-1 can be effectively guaranteed, and stable support is provided for an operating device.

Further, the X-axis movement device 1 comprises an X-axis driving device, connecting plates 2-14, first horizontal guide rails 1-8 and second horizontal guide rails 1-11; the first horizontal guide rails 1-8 and the second horizontal guide rails 1-11 are arranged on the equipment frame 6 in parallel along the X-axis direction, and the connecting plates 2-14 can move back and forth on the first horizontal guide rails 1-8 and the second horizontal guide rails 1-11 under the drive of the X-axis drive device.

Further, the X-axis driving device comprises an X-axis motor 1-1, an X-axis coupler 1-2, two X-axis bearings 1-3, two X-axis bearing blocks 1-4, an X-axis ball screw shaft 1-5, an X-axis screw nut 1-6 and a horizontal transmission block 1-7;

the X-axis motor 1-1 is arranged on a fixed plate 6-1 of an equipment frame 6, two X-axis bearings 1-3 are respectively fixed on the equipment frame 6 through two X-axis bearing blocks 1-4, one end of an X-axis ball screw shaft 1-5 is sleeved in one X-axis bearing 1-3, the other end of the X-axis ball screw shaft passes through the other X-axis bearing 1-3 and is connected with an output shaft of the X-axis motor 1-1 through an X-axis coupler 1-2, a first horizontal sliding block 1-9 and a second horizontal sliding block 1-12 are respectively arranged on a first horizontal guide rail 1-8 and a second horizontal guide rail 1-11, a first horizontal connecting block 1-10 and a second horizontal connecting block 1-13 are respectively fixed on the first horizontal sliding block 1-9 and the second horizontal sliding block 1-12, two ends of each connecting plate 2-14 are fixedly connected with a first horizontal connecting block 1-10 and a second horizontal connecting block 1-13 respectively, an X-axis lead screw nut 1-6 is sleeved on an X-axis ball lead screw shaft 1-5, the X-axis lead screw nut 1-6 is fixedly connected with a horizontal transmission block 1-7, and the horizontal transmission block 1-7 is fixedly connected with the first horizontal connecting block 1-10.

Furthermore, a horizontal limit switch 1-14 is arranged below one end of the X-axis ball screw shaft 1-5 far away from the X-axis motor 1-1, horizontal elastic pads 1-16 are arranged on two sides of the horizontal transmission block 1-7, and horizontal hard limit blocks 1-15 are arranged on the inner sides of two X-axis bearing blocks 1-4 at two ends of the X-axis ball screw shaft 1-5.

Further, the Y-axis motion device 2 comprises a Y-axis driving device and longitudinal guide rails 2-8, the longitudinal guide rails 2-8 are arranged on the connecting plates 2-14 along the Y-axis direction, longitudinal sliding blocks 2-9 are arranged on the longitudinal guide rails 2-8, and the Y-axis motion driving device can drive the longitudinal sliding blocks 2-9 to move back and forth on the longitudinal guide rails 2-8;

the Y-axis driving device comprises a Y-axis motor 2-1, a Y-axis coupler 2-2, two Y-axis bearings 2-3, two Y-axis bearing blocks 2-4, a Y-axis ball screw shaft 2-5, a Y-axis screw nut 2-6 and a longitudinal transmission block 2-7; the Y-axis motor 2-1 is arranged on the connecting plate 2-14, two Y-axis bearings 2-3 are fixed on the connecting plate 2-14 through two Y-axis bearing blocks 2-4 respectively, one end of a Y-axis ball screw shaft 2-5 is sleeved in one Y-axis bearing 2-3, and the other end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft penetrates through the other Y-axis bearing 2-3 and is connected with an output shaft of the Y-axis motor 2-1 through a Y-axis coupler 2-2; the longitudinal sliding block 2-9 is fixedly provided with a longitudinal connecting block 2-10, a Y-axis lead screw nut 2-6 is sleeved on a Y-axis ball lead screw shaft 2-5, the Y-axis lead screw nut 2-6 is fixedly connected with a longitudinal transmission block 2-7, and the longitudinal transmission block 2-7 is fixedly connected with the longitudinal connecting block 2-10.

Furthermore, a longitudinal limit switch 2-11 is arranged below one end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft 2-5 far away from the Y-axis motor 2-1, longitudinal elastic pads 2-13 are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal transmission block 2-7, and longitudinal hard limit blocks 2-12 are arranged on the inner sides of two Y-axis bearing blocks 2-4 at two ends of the Y-axis ball screw shaft 2-5.

Further, the Z-axis movement device 4 comprises a Z-axis driving device, a printing platform 5 and four vertical optical axes 4-17;

the four vertical optical axes 4-17 are perpendicular to the printing platform 5 and are respectively arranged at four corners of the printing platform, each vertical optical axis 4-17 is provided with a linear bearing 4-21 in a sliding manner, the linear bearings 4-21 are fixedly provided with first vertical connecting blocks 4-25, and the four first vertical connecting blocks 4-25 are respectively fixedly connected with the four corners of the printing platform 5; the printing table 5 is capable of reciprocating in the vertical direction by the drive of the Z-axis drive device.

Further, the Z-axis driving device comprises a Z-axis motor 4-1, a speed reducer 4-2, a first bevel gear 4-3, a second bevel gear 4-4, a first transmission shaft 4-5, a second transmission shaft 4-6, a third bevel gear 4-7, a fourth bevel gear 4-8, a fifth bevel gear 4-9, a sixth bevel gear 4-10 and two Z-axis screw shafts 4-11;

the two Z-axis lead screw shafts 4-11 are respectively arranged on two sides of the printing platform 5 and are parallel to the vertical optical axes 4-17; a Z-axis lead screw nut 4-13 is arranged on the Z-axis lead screw shaft 4-11, a second vertical connecting block 4-15 is fixed on the Z-axis lead screw nut 4-13, and the two second vertical connecting blocks 4-15 are respectively and fixedly connected with the two sides of the printing platform 5; the Z-axis motor 4-1 is fixed on the equipment frame 6, the Z-axis motor 4-1 is connected with a first bevel gear 4-3 through a speed reducer 4-2, the first bevel gear 4-3 is meshed with a second bevel gear 4-4 to complete input reversing, the second bevel gear 4-4 is connected with a third bevel gear 4-7 through a first transmission shaft 4-5, the second bevel gear 4-4 is connected with a fourth bevel gear 4-8 through a second transmission shaft 4-6, the fifth bevel gear 4-9 and a sixth bevel gear 4-10 are respectively fixed on two Z-axis lead screw shafts 4-11, the third bevel gear 4-7 is meshed with the fifth bevel gear 4-9, the fourth bevel gear 4-8 is meshed with the sixth bevel gear 4-10 to complete input reversing again, and simultaneously, the synchronism of the two Z-axis screw shafts 4-11 is ensured.

Further, the connecting plates 2-14 are in a trapezoidal structure.

When the printing device works, the printing head 3 is arranged on the longitudinal connecting blocks 2-10, the whole Y-axis moving device 2 moves along the X-axis direction under the driving of the X-axis motor 1-1, the longitudinal connecting blocks 2-10 drive the printing head 3 to move along the Y-axis direction under the driving of the Y-axis motor 2-1, a layer is not printed, the Z-axis motor 4-1 drives the printing platform 5 to move downwards in the vertical direction to continuously finish printing, and the four vertical optical axes 4-17 play a role in guiding the movement of the printing platform along the Z-axis direction.

The above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by taking equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a telecontrol equipment of 3D printer which characterized in that: the printing device comprises an X-axis movement device (1), a Y-axis movement device (2), a Z-axis movement device (4), a printing platform (5) and an equipment frame (6) for bearing the X-axis movement device (1), the Y-axis movement device (2), the Z-axis movement device (4) and the printing platform (5); the X-axis motion device (1) is arranged on the equipment frame (6), the Y-axis motion device can reciprocate along the X-axis direction under the drive of the X-axis motion device (1), the Z-axis motion device (4) is perpendicular to a plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis and is arranged below the plane and fixed on the equipment frame (6), and the printing platform (5) can reciprocate along the Z-axis direction under the drive of the Z-axis motion device (4).

2. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the equipment frame (6) comprises a first transverse fixing plate (6-1), a second transverse fixing plate (6-2), a first longitudinal fixing plate (6-3), a second longitudinal fixing plate (6-4) and a bottom supporting seat (6-5), wherein the first transverse fixing plate (6-1), the second transverse fixing plate (6-2), the first longitudinal fixing plate and the second longitudinal fixing plate are used for bearing the X-axis movement device (1) and the Y-axis movement device (2); the X-axis movement device (1) is fixed on the first transverse fixing plate (6-1), the top ends of the first longitudinal fixing plate (6-3) and the second longitudinal fixing plate (6-4) are fixedly connected with the first transverse fixing plate (6-1), the bottom ends of the first longitudinal fixing plate and the second longitudinal fixing plate are fixedly connected with the second transverse fixing plate (6-2), and the second transverse fixing plate (6-2) is arranged on the bottom supporting seat (6-5).

3. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the X-axis movement device (1) comprises an X-axis driving device, connecting plates (2-14), first horizontal guide rails (1-8) and second horizontal guide rails (1-11); the first horizontal guide rail (1-8) and the second horizontal guide rail (1-11) are arranged on the equipment frame (6) in parallel along the X-axis direction, and the connecting plates (2-14) can move back and forth on the first horizontal guide rail (1-8) and the second horizontal guide rail (1-11) under the driving of the X-axis driving device.

4. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the X-axis driving device comprises an X-axis motor (1-1), an X-axis coupler (1-2), two X-axis bearings (1-3), two X-axis bearing blocks (1-4), an X-axis ball screw shaft (1-5), an X-axis screw nut (1-6) and a horizontal transmission block (1-7);

the X-axis motor (1-1) is arranged on the equipment frame (6), two X-axis bearings (1-3) are respectively fixed on the equipment frame (6) through two X-axis bearing blocks (1-4), one end of an X-axis ball screw shaft (1-5) is sleeved in one of the X-axis bearings (1-3), the other end of the X-axis ball screw shaft penetrates through the other X-axis bearing (1-3) and is connected with an output shaft of the X-axis motor (1-1) through an X-axis coupler (1-2), a first horizontal sliding block (1-9) and a second horizontal sliding block (1-12) are respectively arranged on the first horizontal guide rail (1-8) and the second horizontal guide rail (1-11), a first horizontal connecting block (1-10) and a second horizontal connecting block (1-13) are respectively fixed on the first horizontal sliding block (1-9) and the second horizontal sliding block (1-12), two ends of each connecting plate (2-14) are respectively fixedly connected with the first horizontal connecting block (1-10) and the second horizontal connecting block (1-13), an X-axis lead screw nut (1-6) is sleeved on an X-axis ball lead screw shaft (1-5), the X-axis lead screw nut (1-6) is fixedly connected with the horizontal transmission block (1-7), and the horizontal transmission block (1-7) is fixedly connected with the first horizontal connecting block (1-10).

5. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: a horizontal limit switch (1-14) is arranged below one end, far away from an X-axis motor (1-1), of an X-axis ball screw shaft (1-5), horizontal elastic pads (1-16) are arranged on two sides of a horizontal transmission block (1-7), and horizontal hard limit blocks (1-15) are arranged on the inner sides of two X-axis bearing blocks (1-4) at two ends of the X-axis ball screw shaft (1-5).

6. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the Y-axis movement device (2) comprises a Y-axis driving device and longitudinal guide rails (2-8), the longitudinal guide rails (2-8) are arranged on the connecting plates (2-14) along the Y-axis direction, longitudinal sliding blocks (2-9) are arranged on the longitudinal guide rails (2-8), and the Y-axis driving device can drive the longitudinal sliding blocks (2-9) to move back and forth on the longitudinal guide rails (2-8);

the Y-axis driving device comprises a Y-axis motor (2-1), a Y-axis coupler (2-2), two Y-axis bearings (2-3), two Y-axis bearing blocks (2-4), a Y-axis ball screw shaft (2-5), a Y-axis screw nut (2-6) and a longitudinal transmission block (2-7); the Y-axis motor (2-1) is arranged on the connecting plate (2-14), two Y-axis bearings (2-3) are fixed on the connecting plate (2-14) through two Y-axis bearing blocks (2-4) respectively, one end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft (2-5) is sleeved in one of the Y-axis bearings (2-3), and the other end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft penetrates through the other Y-axis bearing (2-3) and is connected with an output shaft of the Y-axis motor (2-1) through a Y-axis coupler (2-2); the longitudinal sliding block (2-9) is fixedly provided with a longitudinal connecting block (2-10), a Y-axis lead screw nut (2-6) is sleeved on a Y-axis ball lead screw shaft (2-5), the Y-axis lead screw nut (2-6) is fixedly connected with a longitudinal transmission block (2-7), and the longitudinal transmission block (2-7) is fixedly connected with the longitudinal connecting block (2-10).

7. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 6, characterized in that: a longitudinal limit switch (2-11) is arranged below one end of the Y-axis ball screw shaft (2-5) far away from the Y-axis motor (2-1), longitudinal elastic pads (2-13) are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal transmission block (2-7), and longitudinal hard limit blocks (2-12) are arranged on the inner sides of two Y-axis bearing blocks (2-4) at two ends of the Y-axis ball screw shaft (2-5).

8. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the Z-axis movement device (4) comprises a Z-axis driving device, a printing platform (5) and four vertical optical axes (4-17);

the four vertical optical axes (4-17) are perpendicular to the printing platform (5) and are respectively arranged at the four corners of the printing platform, each vertical optical axis (4-17) is provided with a linear bearing (4-21) in a sliding manner, the linear bearings (4-21) are fixedly provided with first vertical connecting blocks (4-25), and the four first vertical connecting blocks (4-25) are respectively and fixedly connected with the four corners of the printing platform (5); the printing platform (5) can reciprocate along the vertical direction under the driving of the Z-axis driving device.

9. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 8, wherein: the Z-axis driving device comprises a Z-axis motor (4-1), a speed reducer (4-2), a first bevel gear (4-3), a second bevel gear (4-4), a first transmission shaft (4-5), a second transmission shaft (4-6), a third bevel gear (4-7), a fourth bevel gear (4-8), a fifth bevel gear (4-9), a sixth bevel gear (4-10) and two Z-axis screw shafts (4-11);

the two Z-axis lead screw shafts (4-11) are respectively arranged on two sides of the printing platform (5) and are parallel to the vertical optical axis (4-17); z-axis lead screw nuts (4-13) are arranged on the Z-axis lead screw shafts (4-11), second vertical connecting blocks (4-15) are fixed on the Z-axis lead screw nuts (4-13), and the two second vertical connecting blocks (4-15) are respectively and fixedly connected with two sides of the printing platform (5); the Z-axis motor (4-1) is fixed on an equipment frame (6), the Z-axis motor (4-1) is connected with a first bevel gear (4-3) through a speed reducer (4-2), the first bevel gear (4-3) is meshed with a second bevel gear (4-4), the second bevel gear (4-4) is connected with a third bevel gear (4-7) through a first transmission shaft (4-5), the second bevel gear (4-4) is connected with a fourth bevel gear (4-8) through a second transmission shaft (4-6), a fifth bevel gear (4-9) and a sixth bevel gear (4-10) are respectively fixed on two Z-axis lead screw shafts (4-11), the third bevel gear (4-7) is meshed with the fifth bevel gear (4-9), and the fourth bevel gear (4-8) is meshed with the sixth bevel gear (4-10).

10. The motion device of a 3D printer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the connecting plates (2-14) are in a trapezoidal structure.

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