CN212365524U - Multifunctional experimental device for containment cooling system based on third-generation pressurized water reactor - Google Patents
Multifunctional experimental device for containment cooling system based on third-generation pressurized water reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN212365524U CN212365524U CN201921087712.6U CN201921087712U CN212365524U CN 212365524 U CN212365524 U CN 212365524U CN 201921087712 U CN201921087712 U CN 201921087712U CN 212365524 U CN212365524 U CN 212365524U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the containment cooling system experiment, especially, relate to a multi-functional experimental apparatus of containment cooling system based on third generation pressurized water reactor, include: the containment vessel comprises two layers of containment vessels, wherein the inner containment vessel is made of stainless steel, and the top of the containment vessel is provided with an outer-shell spray header and a safety relief valve; 2 circles of spray heads in the shell are arranged at the top in the shell, and 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are arranged at the wall-attached position of the upper part in the shell; the spraying head outside the shell and the spraying head inside the shell are connected with an external gravity water tank, and the 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are respectively connected with 2 external heat exchanger water tanks; a steam pipeline, a plurality of temperature probes, a camera and a pressure probe are also arranged in the inner containment; the bottom of the containment is provided with a manhole. Introducing low-temperature low-pressure steam into the containment to simulate a reactor breach accident; the experimental device is provided with a plurality of waste heat discharging devices. Observing the condition of accidents in the containment vessel through the camera; and measuring and calculating by a plurality of temperature measuring probes to obtain a temperature cloud picture in the containment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the containment cooling system experiment, especially, relate to a multi-functional experimental apparatus of containment cooling system based on third generation pressurized water reactor.
Background
Under the continuous development of nuclear power technology, the passive safety system is also gradually applied to the construction of novel reactor types. In order to improve the safety of a nuclear power station, a plurality of passive technologies are introduced into third-generation nuclear power, and a passive containment cooling system is an achievement of the application of the technologies. The main three generations in China currently include AP1000, Hualongyi, EPR and the like, and different passive or active and passive containment cooling systems are adopted.
For teachers and students in the technical field, the actual nuclear power station cannot enter, and the students cannot design different accident conditions to demonstrate the accident conditions manually. How to provide a visual, designable, operable experimental platform that has teaching, scientific research function in an organic whole concurrently to satisfy the demand of this branch of academic or vocational study is the difficult problem that needs to solve at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the technical problem, the utility model provides a multi-functional experimental apparatus of containment cooling system based on third generation pressurized water reactor.
An experimental apparatus, comprising: the double-layer containment vessel comprises an outer-layer containment vessel made of a transparent PC board, and an exhaust fan and a ventilation pipeline are arranged at the top of the outer-layer containment vessel; the inner containment is made of stainless steel, and the top of the inner containment is provided with an outer-shell spray header and a safety relief valve; 2 circles of spray heads in the shell are arranged at the top in the shell, and 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are arranged at the wall-attached position of the upper part in the shell; the spraying head outside the shell and the spraying head inside the shell are connected with an external gravity water tank, and the 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are respectively connected with 2 external heat exchanger water tanks; a steam pipeline, a plurality of temperature probes, a camera and a pressure probe are also arranged in the inner containment; the bottom of the containment is provided with a manhole.
The position, the height, the angle and the nozzle shape of the steam pipeline in the containment can be designed and arranged according to specific experimental working conditions to simulate different breach working conditions of the LOCA accident of the reactor.
The safety protection system of the experimental device is provided with an upper triggering limit in a non-experimental range, so that the design parameters of the device are prevented from being exceeded in the experimental process. When the upper limit pressure or temperature of the containment is exceeded, the safety device automatically alarms and cuts off a steam heat source, the pressure relief valve automatically relieves pressure, and the spray headers inside and outside the containment are automatically opened, so that the safety of the experimental device is ensured.
And fluorescent powder is additionally arranged in the steam pipeline.
The outer containment shell is characterized in that a plurality of straight notches are formed in the bottom of the outer containment shell and are away from the bottom of the containment shell by a certain distance, the straight notches are used for ventilation, and the reserved height is used for recovering cooling water.
Helium is additionally arranged in the steam pipeline.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the system provides convenience for teachers to explain the passive safety system of the third-generation reactor, and students can observe the whole operation process of the passive safety system more clearly and visually.
2. The accidents such as LOCA/MSLB and the implementation process of corresponding measures under the accident condition are displayed to students, so that the students have more practical experience.
3. A plurality of passive safety systems and active and passive safety systems are integrated in one teaching platform, so that the space is saved, and the display of each system is not influenced to the maximum extent. Each demonstration part is easy to operate, and the flow is complete; the laboratory bench clearance is convenient after the demonstration.
4. Students can test according to examples on textbooks through the rack, and can also design new working conditions according to learned knowledge to research scientific problems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the containment cooling system experimental apparatus based on the third generation pressurized water reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the containment cooling system experimental apparatus based on the third generation pressurized water reactor of the present invention.
1-gravity water tank 2-heat exchanger water tank 3-double-layer containment 4-outer spray header 5-pressure relief valve 6-ventilation pipeline 7-bottom support 8-exhaust fan 9-inner spray header 10-heat exchanger 11-steam outlet 12-pressure measuring probe 13-searchlight 14-monitor 15-temperature measuring probe
Detailed Description
The embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-2, the utility model provides a multi-functional experimental apparatus of containment cooling system based on third generation pressurized water reactor.
An experimental apparatus, comprising: the top of the outer containment is provided with an exhaust fan and a ventilation pipeline; the top of the inner containment is provided with an outer-shell spray header and a safety relief valve; 2 circles of spray heads in the shell are arranged at the top in the shell, and 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are arranged at the wall-attached position of the upper part in the shell; the spraying head outside the shell and the spraying head inside the shell are connected with an external gravity water tank, and the 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are respectively connected with 2 external heat exchanger water tanks; a steam pipeline, a plurality of temperature probes, a camera and a pressure probe are also arranged in the inner containment; the bottom of the containment is provided with a manhole.
The position, the height, the angle and the nozzle shape of the steam pipeline in the containment can be designed and arranged according to specific experimental working conditions to simulate different breach working conditions of the LOCA accident of the reactor.
The safety protection system of the experimental device is provided with an upper triggering limit in a non-experimental range, so that the design parameters of the device are prevented from being exceeded in the experimental process. When the upper limit pressure or temperature of the containment is exceeded, the safety device automatically alarms and cuts off a steam heat source, the pressure relief valve automatically relieves pressure, and the spray headers inside and outside the containment are automatically opened, so that the safety of the experimental device is ensured. And fluorescent powder is additionally arranged in the steam pipeline.
The outer containment shell is characterized in that a plurality of straight notches are formed in the bottom of the outer containment shell and are spaced from the bottom of the outer containment shell by a certain distance, the straight notches are used for ventilation, and the reserved height is used for recovering cooling water. The bottom of the interlayer of the double-layer safety shell is provided with an outlet for discharging cooling water.
Helium is additionally arranged in the steam pipeline.
The utility model discloses design scheme sets up experimental apparatus in earlier stage according to the experiment, demonstrate including the accident operating mode that designs the difference. The experimental device allows students to assemble and disassemble manually; the experimental bench is safe, and the introduced steam has low pressure and the highest temperature of 150 ℃. The design of nuclear accidents, such as LOCA accidents, is which position, height, angle, etc. occur, and the experimental design scheme determines the post-installation pipeline. In addition, the safety system is designed according to the determined experimental device, and experimenters freely develop and design different safety system design schemes according to own ideas and add detailed steps and formulas; and comparing experimental results obtained by different design schemes.
Experimenters can design accident conditions and solutions by themselves for testing and research:
the problem and the solution are proposed:
the method comprises the following steps: and designing accident conditions. For example, suppose a nuclear power plant develops a breach accident (LOCA). The position, size, direction, temperature and other aspects of the accident break are different according to different accidents. Teaching: students can design according to the working condition on books, and the rationality of the students is used as one of the later-stage scoring standards. Scientific research: students can design according to the learned knowledge, including accident conditions of multiple working conditions happening simultaneously, and then study heat transfer and safety under the working conditions.
Solving the problems: and designing a cooling scheme after the accident. For example, the combination of spraying, water wall heat exchange and secondary side waste heat discharge, or the combination of spraying, containment dehydrogenation system and containment natural circulation are adopted. The students can also use the existing equipment to complete the arrangement of the cooling system according to the textbook or the experimental instruction. In scientific research, students can design themselves, including setting the starting or triggering time of each system and the like.
The method comprises the following operation steps:
and thirdly, determining that the experimental equipment is in a normal working state, and checking the normal operation of each safety system. The pressure release valve is normally opened, and the overtemperature alarm system and the subsequent cooling system normally work.
And fourthly, manually assembling the quick connector to complete the design of expected accident conditions (such as a crevasse design). And the test platform enters the inner installation nozzle under the condition of no work.
Installing and setting safety systems such as spraying and the like according to the earlier designed solution;
sixthly, checking the tightness of the experiment platform, starting the devices one by one according to an accident sequence, such as starting a boiler, and opening a valve to simulate the accident condition after the set temperature is reached.
And seventh, the early-stage steam spraying condition and the radioactive gas diffusion process are observed through a camera and fluorescent powder in the shell.
Continuously observing the temperature change in the containment vessel through a temperature cloud chart; and records the data for later analysis and calculation.
Ninthly, aiming at teaching: and gradually starting each safety system according to the solution of the experimental instruction.
Aiming at scientific research: different schemes are designed according to the requirements of research projects.
In the process, students observe temperature changes through the temperature cloud chart. Note that: if the temperature or the pressure in the shell reaches the preset upper limit of the containment vessel in the process, the alarm system is started, the scheme of students is forcibly stopped, the scheme is switched to the set safety scheme, the heat source is closed, and the temperature of the containment vessel is reduced through the cooling system.
After the temperature at the red (R) is cooled down, the student wears the simulated protective clothing
The containment enters the interior of the containment to observe the distribution of the fluorescent powder, the position is recorded by photographing, and then the fluorescent powder on the wall surface is cleaned to simulate the cleaning of radioactive substances under a real accident.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional experimental apparatus of containment cooling system based on third generation pressurized water reactor which characterized in that includes: the double-layer containment vessel comprises an outer-layer containment vessel made of a transparent PC board, and an exhaust fan and a ventilation pipeline are arranged at the top of the outer-layer containment vessel; the inner containment is made of stainless steel, and the top of the inner containment is provided with an outer-shell spray header and a safety relief valve; 2 circles of spray heads in the shell are arranged at the top in the shell, and 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are arranged at the wall-attached position of the upper part in the shell; the spraying head outside the shell and the spraying head inside the shell are connected with an external gravity water tank, and the 2 groups of water-cooled heat exchangers are respectively connected with 2 external heat exchanger water tanks; a steam pipeline, a plurality of temperature probes, a camera and a pressure probe are also arranged in the inner containment; the bottom of the containment is provided with a manhole.
2. The multifunctional experimental device for the containment cooling system based on the third generation pressurized water reactor is characterized in that the position, the height, the angle and the nozzle shape of the steam pipeline in the containment can be designed and arranged according to specific experimental working conditions to simulate different breach working conditions of a reactor LOCA accident.
3. The multifunctional experimental device for the containment cooling system based on the third generation pressurized water reactor is characterized in that a safety protection system of the experimental device is provided with an upper triggering limit in a non-experimental range to prevent design parameters of the device from being exceeded in an experimental process; when the upper limit pressure or temperature of the containment is exceeded, the safety device automatically alarms and cuts off a steam heat source, the pressure relief valve automatically relieves pressure, and the spray headers inside and outside the containment are automatically opened, so that the safety of the experimental device is ensured.
4. The multifunctional experimental device for the containment cooling system based on the third generation pressurized water reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a phosphor interface is additionally arranged at the upstream of the steam pipeline to simulate the radioactivity of the gas, and the phosphor can be added and metered according to different experimental conditions.
5. The multifunctional experimental device for the containment cooling system based on the third generation pressurized water reactor is characterized in that a plurality of straight notches are formed in the bottom of the outer containment and are at a certain distance from the bottom of the outer containment, the straight notches are used for ventilation, and the reserved height is used for recovering cooling water; the bottom of the interlayer of the double-layer safety shell is provided with an outlet for discharging cooling water.
6. The multifunctional experimental device for the containment cooling system based on the third generation pressurized water reactor is characterized in that a helium adding system is arranged on the steam pipeline branch pipe.
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| CN201921087712.6U CN212365524U (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Multifunctional experimental device for containment cooling system based on third-generation pressurized water reactor |
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| CN201921087712.6U CN212365524U (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Multifunctional experimental device for containment cooling system based on third-generation pressurized water reactor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110459334A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-15 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of presurized water reactor containment cooling system multifunction experiment apparatus and its experimental method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110459334A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-15 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of presurized water reactor containment cooling system multifunction experiment apparatus and its experimental method |
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