CN212255064U

CN212255064U - Portable detection device of apple maturity

Info

Publication number: CN212255064U
Application number: CN202020900589.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵娟; 李豪; 赵永杰; 沈懋生; 张博; 邢利博
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-26

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of instruments and meters, and discloses a portable apple maturity detection device.A display screen is embedded in the front of a shell, and a detection button and a switch button are embedded on the shell below the display screen; the back of the shell is provided with a detection probe, and the annular wall of the detection probe is uniformly provided with four cylindrical through holes for placing a halogen light source; a first lock cover and a second lock cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell through locks; the second lock cover is provided with a power socket and a data transmission interface. The utility model provides a traditional starch dyeing method detect apple maturity and have that the testing process is complicated, consuming time and wasting power, the high spectrum detects the relatively poor problem of indirect detection portability of apple maturity cost higher, near infrared spectrum. The utility model discloses can realize the real-time detection and the on-line analysis of apple maturity at the orchard scene, have lower cost, easy operation detects characteristics such as fast, are fit for promoting.

Description

Portable detection device of apple maturity

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of instrument and meter, especially, relate to a portable detection device of apple maturity.

Background

Currently, the closest prior art in the industry: the apple occupies an important position in the fruit market of China, the apple yield accounts for about 55% of the total apple yield in the world, and the apple yield in 2018 is 3923.34 ten thousand tons. Since the beginning of the 20 th century, the phenomenon of fruit late sale has appeared in many areas in China, and one of the reasons is that the fruit sale channel chain is imperfect. Aiming at the problems, fruit growers can adopt a mode of picking fruits with different ripeness degrees in batches to go on the market in advance or delay the time to go on the market so as to achieve the purpose of missing the slack time of fruit sale, thereby reducing the loss to the minimum, and the detection of the ripeness degree of the fruits is particularly important. The apple maturity is an important index for evaluating the quality of apples, and the overall quality of the apples is seriously affected by the fruit maturity, and the market competitiveness of the apples is reduced.

At present, the technology for detecting the maturity is diversified, an acoustic mode is usually adopted in the detection of the maturity of the watermelon, and the method is suitable for fruits with larger volume and more water and is not suitable for the detection of the maturity of apples; the method for detecting the fruit maturity by adopting the hyperspectral technology is continuously increased, the hyperspectral technology is a technology combining images and spectra, is widely applied to detection of agricultural products in a production line, but has quite high cost and is often limited by a detection environment, and portable detection equipment applying the hyperspectral technology is very few; the near infrared spectrum technology is widely applied to fruit maturity detection due to the advantages of simple operation, convenient adoption, small influence of environment and the like, and the detection modes mainly comprise two modes, namely, the method of predicting the maturity index by using the near infrared spectrum and then deducing the maturity of the apple by using the maturity index; the second is to directly predict the maturity of apples by using near infrared spectrum.

In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:

(1) when the traditional method for detecting the maturity of the apple by using the starch dyeing mode is used for detection, the apple needs to be cut into two halves, the detection process is complex, and a great deal of energy and time are consumed.

(2) The traditional hyperspectral detection and analysis of apple maturity has high requirements on hardware systems, the cost required for building the system is very high, the hyperspectral detection and analysis of apple maturity is mostly used for detecting apple maturity in production lines, and the hyperspectral detection and analysis of apple maturity is not suitable for development of portable equipment.

(3) The traditional mode of the indirect apple maturity that detects of near-infrared, the portability is relatively poor, along with the increase of detection number of times, detects the precision and is difficult to guarantee.

The difficulty of solving the technical problems is as follows: although the near infrared spectrum detection technology is slightly influenced by the detection environment, the natural environment in the field has certain influence relative to the environment of a laboratory, and one part of the spectrum wave band used for detection by the device is visible light, so that the light shading performance of the detection light path directly determines the detection precision; the high-spectrum detection equipment in the production line is large in size and high in cost, the field detection of apple maturity is not facilitated, a new detection chip, different detection ideas, more reasonable design and more careful wire arrangement and wiring are inevitably adopted to reduce the size of the equipment

The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model optimizes the detection light path of the device, reduces the influence of external light, is suitable for rapidly detecting the maturity of apples outdoors, and improves the practicability of the detection device; the apple feces detection device has high working efficiency, can judge the apple maturity only in a few seconds, and reduces the time cost of farmers in field work; the detection device has the characteristics of small volume and convenience in carrying, and the device can directly detect the maturity of the apple growing on the tree, so that the yield and the quality of the apple are guaranteed to the maximum extent, and farmers are helped to obtain higher income. In the aspect of apple nondestructive testing research, a near-infrared apple maturity detection technology is instantiated, a near-infrared technology-based apple maturity detection device is provided, theoretical research is put into practice, and a technical theory is combined with a device to promote development of apple nondestructive testing research. Currently, no portable device for apple maturity detection is available in the market.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a portable detection device of apple maturity.

The utility model discloses a realize like this, a portable detection device of apple maturity, the portable detection device of apple maturity is provided with:

a housing;

a display screen is embedded in the front of the shell, and a detection button and a switch button are embedded in the shell below the display screen;

the back of the shell is provided with a detection probe, and the annular wall of the detection probe is uniformly provided with four cylindrical through holes for placing a halogen light source;

a first lock cover and a second lock cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell through locks; the second lock cover is provided with a power socket and a data transmission interface.

Further, a lithium battery is placed inside the housing.

Furthermore, the shell is provided with a front cover and a rear cover which are fixed through screws; a first lock cover and a second lock cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell through locks; the back of the shell is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes.

Furthermore, a power socket and a data transmission interface are arranged on the second lock cover.

Further, the inspection probe includes: the device comprises a first rubber ring, a second rubber ring, a sensor, a halogen lamp and a light source bracket;

the first rubber ring and the second rubber ring are arranged inside the light source support, the sensor is arranged at the bottom of the light source support, and the halogen lamp is arranged on the light source support.

Furthermore, the portable apple maturity detection device also comprises a power supply module, a light source driving module, a detection probe, a display module, a main control module, a trigger module and a data acquisition module;

the power supply module is used for converting voltage and current and providing stable voltage and current for the whole equipment system;

the data acquisition module and the controller are communicated by I2C;

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a primary dark spectrum and a primary bright spectrum;

and the triggering module adopts a falling edge triggering mode, when the detection button is pressed, the Btn _11 pin is converted from high level to low level, and when the controller detects a falling edge, the apple maturity detection program is triggered.

To sum up, the utility model discloses an advantage and positive effect do: the utility model provides a traditional starch dyeing method detect apple maturity and have that the testing process is complicated, consuming time and wasting power, the high spectrum detects the relatively poor problem of indirect detection portability of apple maturity cost higher, near infrared spectrum. The utility model discloses can realize the real-time detection and the on-line analysis of apple maturity at the orchard scene, have lower cost, easy operation detects characteristics such as fast, are fit for promoting.

The utility model realizes the field detection and on-line analysis of apple maturity, and directly judges the apple maturity condition; the device has the unique advantages of small size, portability, long endurance time, rapidness, no damage and the like; by utilizing the detection equipment, fruit growers can quickly spot check the apple maturity condition in the orchard and evaluate the whole apple maturity condition in the orchard, so that the optimal apple harvesting time is determined in time, and the optimal harvesting time is prevented from being missed.

The utility model discloses utilize visible-near infrared diffuse reflection spectrum, based on halogen light source and the spectrum collection chip that has the screening function, broken through traditional starch dyeing method and confirmed apple maturity theory and method, combine machine learning model to accomplish the nondestructive prediction of apple maturity hierarchical, for building "safety, high-quality, high yield, ecological" high-quality apple provides necessary technical support, supply with the side structural reform to provide new thinking and method for optimizing the apple industry, for the apple industry is digital, intelligent provides strong impetus.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable apple maturity detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a detection light path of the portable apple maturity detection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a detection probe of the portable apple maturity detection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a hardware control diagram of the portable apple maturity detection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a display screen; 3. a detection button; 4. a switch button; 5. a first latch cover; 6. A second latch cover; 7. a front cover; 8. a rear cover; 9. heat dissipation holes; 10. detecting a probe; 11. a power outlet; 12. a data transmission interface; 13. a first rubber ring; 14. a second rubber ring; 15. a sensor; 16. a halogen lamp; 17. a light source support.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

To the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a portable detection device of apple maturity, it is right to combine the figure below the utility model discloses do detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides a portable detection device of apple maturity includes: the device comprises a shell 1, a display screen 2, a detection button 3, a switch button 4, a first lock cover 5, a second lock cover 6, a front cover 7, a rear cover 8, a heat dissipation hole 9, a detection probe 10, a power socket 11 and a data transmission interface 12.

The front of casing 1 is embedded with display screen 2, inlays on the casing 1 of display screen 2 below and is equipped with detection button 3, shift knob 4, and the lithium cell has been placed to the inside of casing 1.

The back of the shell 1 is provided with a detection probe 10, and the annular wall of the detection probe 10 is uniformly provided with four cylindrical through holes for placing a halogen light source.

The shell 1 is provided with a front cover 7 and a rear cover 8 which are fixed through screws; a first lock cover 5 and a second lock cover 6 are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell 1 through locks; one side of the shell 1 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes 9.

The second locking cover 6 is provided with a power socket 11 and a data transmission interface 12.

As shown in fig. 3, the inspection probe 10 includes: a first rubber ring 13, a second rubber ring 14, a sensor 15, a halogen lamp 16 and a light source bracket 17.

The first rubber ring 13 and the second rubber ring 14 are arranged inside the light source bracket 17, the sensor 15 is arranged at the bottom of the light source bracket 17, and the halogen lamp 16 is arranged on the light source bracket 17.

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a portable check out test set major structure of apple maturity is shown in fig. 1, and the whole cuboid structure that appears of equipment, whole casing 1 is printed by three-dimensional printing technique and is formed. The front surface of the detection device is provided with a display screen 2 of an LCD which can display the detection result, two buttons are arranged below the display screen 2, one button is a detection button 3, and the other button is a switch button 4 of a power supply; after the detection button 3 is pressed down and the finger leaves the button, the detection button 3 can be automatically reset; the switch button 4 of the power supply cannot be automatically reset after being pressed, and needs to be triggered again to reset. A rechargeable lithium battery is arranged in the device and can be charged circularly; and a controller in the device houses a flash memory card for storing the detected data. A detection probe 10 is arranged on the back of the shell 1 of the device, so that the apple to be detected can be placed conveniently. As shown in FIG. 3, the maximum outer diameter of the detecting probe 10 is designed according to the peripheral outline of the fruit diameter of 90mm, 80mm and 70mm, a soft latex pad is placed on the top of the detecting probe 10 to attach to the outer surface of the apple to the maximum extent, so as to create a dark environment for detecting the light path, four cylindrical through holes are uniformly formed on the annular wall of the detecting probe 10, and a halogen light source (halogen lamp 16) is placed. The light intensity of the halogen lamp 16 can be controlled by adopting a pulse width modulation method, the sensor 15 in the equipment can collect diffuse reflection light with fixed wavelength, and the collection of diffuse reflection spectrum data can be realized.

The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, the portable check out test set's of apple maturity hardware procedure is as shown in FIG. 4, the portable check out test set of apple maturity mainly includes power module, light source drive module, test probe, display module, main control module, seven big modules of trigger module and data acquisition module, power module is the rechargeable lithium cell that individual capacity is 6800mAh, and step-down current-limiting hardware circuit has been designed, a conversion for voltage and current, provide stable voltage and electric current for whole equipment system.

The communication between the data acquisition module and the controller adopts I2C communication; in the detection process, the spectrum sensor firstly collects a dark spectrum once and then collects a bright spectrum once, and the data used by the apple maturity model is the difference value between the bright spectrum and the dark spectrum, so that the influence of the dark spectrum on the prediction result can be eliminated; the trigger mode during the device detection is a falling edge trigger mode, when the detection button is pressed, the Btn _11 pin is converted from high level to low level, and when the controller detects a falling edge, the apple maturity detection program is triggered.

The controller of the apple maturity detection device adopts a raspberry pie based on a Linux frame, an apple maturity prediction model is transplanted into the controller, the model takes characteristic spectrum data collected by a collection module as input, and the classification of apple maturity grades is realized through the operation and analysis of a deep learning algorithm.

When the apple is detected, the apple is placed below the detection probe, the apple is ensured to be tightly attached to the rubber ring of the detection probe, the detection button is pressed, the spectrum sensor firstly collects a dark spectrum once, then the halogen light source is lightened, the spectrum sensor collects a bright spectrum again, the bright and dark spectrum data are input into the apple maturity analysis model after difference values are obtained, the maturity degree of the apple is obtained through the operation and analysis of the model, and finally the detection result is displayed on the display screen 2 of the LCD.

The utility model discloses an equipment control hardware; the control hardware mainly comprises seven modules, namely a power supply module, a light source driving module, a detection probe, a display module, a main control module, a trigger module and a data acquisition module, seven modules in the control hardware are mutually related, and the mature detection of the apples is realized on the premise of finishing the functions of the modules. The power module reasonably distributes the 12V voltage provided by the lithium battery into 7V and 5V voltage through the printed circuit board and provides sufficient current. The main control module is a microprocessor, and the memory unit of the microprocessor stores the apple maturity judging model and the detection result data. Each of the other modules is communicated with the main control module through a General Purpose Input and Output (GPIO) interface. The display module utilizes the SPI protocol to realize that the detection result is displayed in a display screen; the data acquisition module sends acquired data to the main control module through an I2C protocol, and the trigger module triggers the detection process by utilizing the function of receiving high and low levels of the micro-processing general input and output interface; in order to ensure that the halogen light source has enough light intensity, the light source driving module is designed, the light intensity of the halogen light source can be adjusted through the PWM wave of the main control module, and meanwhile, the isolation of high current and low current is also realized. The control to apple maturity detection device has been realized to equipment hardware, adopts the wire to connect between each module, utilizes wire transmission voltage or transmission signal.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all the modifications and equivalents of the technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modifications of the above embodiments are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a portable detection device of apple maturity which characterized in that, portable detection device of apple maturity is provided with:

a housing;

2. The portable apple maturity detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein a lithium battery is disposed within said housing.

3. The portable apple maturity detection apparatus of claim 1 wherein said housing has a front cover and a rear cover secured by screws; a first lock cover and a second lock cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell through locks; one side of the shell is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes.

4. The portable apple maturity detection device of claim 3, wherein said second locking cover is provided with a power socket and a data transmission interface.

5. The portable apple maturity detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein said detection probe comprises: the device comprises a first rubber ring, a second rubber ring, a sensor, a halogen lamp and a light source bracket;

6. The portable apple maturity detection device of claim 1, further comprising a power module, a light source driving module, a detection probe, a display module, a main control module, a trigger module, a data acquisition module;

the data acquisition module and the controller are communicated by I2C;