CN212238643U - Full-automatic metal material grain refinement and forming integrated preparation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and molding metal material crystal grains, which comprises an automatic rotating system, an automatic die changing system, an extrusion molding system and an automatic die locking device; the automatic mould clamping device comprises an automatic rotating system, an extrusion forming system, an automatic mould locking device and an automatic mould changing system, wherein the extrusion forming system is arranged at one end of the automatic rotating system, the automatic mould locking device is arranged on one side of the extrusion forming system, and the automatic mould changing system is arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion forming system. Has the advantages that: the original metal only suitable for casting processing can be made to realize grain refinement, and after the toughness is improved, the extrusion forming is completed at one time; after the process is fully automated, a series of processing can be completed in a short time, the temperature of the material is not reduced basically, reheating and heat preservation are not needed, time is saved, efficiency is improved, energy is saved, cost is reduced, the range of materials capable of being subjected to plastic forming is widened, and high-strength workpieces which cannot be subjected to plastic forming processing in the prior art can be prepared.

Description

Full-automatic metal material grain refinement and forming integrated preparation device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a metal material plastic working technical field particularly, relates to a full-automatic metal material crystalline grain refines and fashioned integrative preparation facilities.

Background

Metal materials can be classified into cast metals and deformed metals according to the strength of the deformability. The cast metal has poor toughness and weak plastic forming capability, is easy to crack in the deformation process, and cannot finish the extrusion forming processing of the material; the wrought alloy has strong toughness and strong plastic forming capability, and can be extruded into the shape of a target product through plastic deformation. The deformed metal has greater development potential compared with cast metal, and can obtain higher strength, better ductility and more diversified mechanical properties through the control of material structure and the application of heat treatment process, thereby meeting the application requirements of diversified engineering structural members. However, the plasticity of the metal material is a main factor limiting the forming of the cast metal by the deformation processing technology.

The forming extruder in the market at present is only simple material forming, and because the demand of product appearance and the difference of mould shape design, there are raw and other materials degree of deformation difference at the extrusion in-process to lead to product stress distribution inhomogeneous, the deflection is little, and the stress concentration is little, but material deformation reinforcement is weak, the deflection is big, and the stress concentration is big, and material deformation reinforcement is strong, and intensity improves, and moulding reduces. The stress concentration part is easy to cause product failure (low plasticity), but the deformation strengthening is beneficial to improving the strength of the product. At present, in order to reduce stress concentration, annealing treatment after deformation is generally adopted, but the annealing treatment also weakens the deformation strengthening obtained by the product.

The grain refinement can simultaneously improve the strength and the toughness of the metal material, so compared with a common casting, the superfine crystal material has excellent comprehensive mechanical property, large plastic deformation is an important method for preparing the superfine crystal material, and the Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) can prepare the superfine crystal material with larger size, thereby being a superfine crystal process with engineering application prospect. Equal channel angular extrusion, also called equal channel angular extrusion, is a material processing method invented by russian scientist Segal in 1981, and has not attracted much attention in the eighties of the last century. Since the end of the last century, ECAP research has received much attention, and has attracted much attention, particularly, in the development of ultrafine bulk crystalline and nano materials using this technology. In recent years, isodiametric angular extrusion has been considered as the most promising technology for processing block ultra-fine grained materials for industrial applications. Through multi-pass ECAP processing, most of aluminum alloy, titanium metal, low-carbon steel, stainless steel and the like obtain ultrafine grain structures with the grain size below 1 mu m, and some block nano materials even reach the grain diameter of about 100 nm; the uniformity of the structure and the mechanical property of the material are obviously improved, and particularly the plastic deformation capability and the toughness are greatly improved. For example, maedi of the university of river and sea teaches that aluminum-silicon eutectic alloys are processed by rotary equal channel angular pressing (RD-ECAP) so that the impact toughness of the alloys is improved by 10 times. Therefore, ECAP is one of important means for improving the structure and the mechanical property of the metal material, but at present, ECAP research still stays in a laboratory stage, only ultra-fine crystal blocks can be prepared, secondary processing is needed to be carried out to prepare usable workpieces, and the process is complex. And ECAP processing and forming processing are large plastic processing, metal needs to be heated to a certain temperature, heat preservation is carried out for a certain time, and heat processing is carried out after the temperature of the whole material is uniform.

An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem among the correlation technique, the utility model provides a full-automatic metallic material crystalline grain refines and fashioned integrative preparation facilities, on the basis of original RD-ECAP mould, integrated automatic rotating system, automatic retooling system and extrusion system, can once only accomplish the crystalline grain and refine and the material shaping to overcome the above-mentioned technical problem that current correlation technique exists.

Therefore, the utility model discloses a specific technical scheme as follows:

a full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and molding metal material grains comprises an automatic rotating system, an automatic die changing system, an extrusion molding system and an automatic die locking device; the automatic mould clamping device comprises an automatic rotating system, an extrusion forming system, an automatic mould locking device and an automatic mould changing system, wherein the extrusion forming system is arranged at one end of the automatic rotating system, the automatic mould locking device is arranged on one side of the extrusion forming system, and the automatic mould changing system is arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion forming system.

Further, in order to realize the automatic rotation of the die, the automatic rotation system comprises a motor and a chain matched with the motor, and one end of the chain, which is far away from the motor, is matched with the extrusion forming system.

Further, for extrusion to silk material, panel, tubular product etc, the extrusion system include with chain matched with forging mould, forging mould is the octagon shape, just two criss-cross square passageways have been seted up to forging mould's inside, square passageway internally mounted has four sliders, forging mould's front side is provided with the host computer extrusion pole, forging mould's left side is provided with the second hydraulic stem.

Furthermore, in order to realize seamless butt joint of the RD-ECAP mould and the forming mould and further realize automatic mould changing, the automatic mould changing system comprises a steel plate matched with the forging mould, a hollow slide block groove matched with the slide block is formed in one side of the middle of the steel plate, the forming mould is arranged at one end of the steel plate, and a first hydraulic rod matched with the slide block is arranged at one end, close to the forming mould, of the steel plate.

Furthermore, in order to lock the forging die and the forming die and ensure the normal and stable operation of the full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and forming the metal material crystal grains, the automatic die locking device comprises a rear locking clamp and a front locking clamp positioned on the front side of the rear locking clamp, and the rear locking clamp and the front locking clamp are combined and filled with raw materials to be processed.

Furthermore, in order to enable the sliding blocks to slide smoothly in the square channel inside the forging die in the extrusion process, the four sliding blocks are distributed inside the square channel in a crisscross manner.

Furthermore, in order to enable the sliding block to smoothly slide in a square channel inside a forging die in the extrusion process, the aperture of the square channel is larger than the width of the sliding block, and lubricating oil is filled between the inner wall of the square channel and the sliding block.

Furthermore, in order to ensure that the motor smoothly drives the forging die to move through the chain, chain wheels matched with the chain are respectively arranged on the output shaft of the motor and the input shaft of the forging die.

Furthermore, in order to reserve a discharge hole for the extruded wires, plates, pipes and the like, a first through hole is horizontally formed in the rear lock clamp, and the first through hole is perpendicular to the second hydraulic rod.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the normal operation of the host extrusion rod, a second through hole matched with the host extrusion rod is horizontally formed in the front lock clamp, the inner diameter of the second through hole is larger than the diameter of the host extrusion rod, and the second through hole is perpendicular to the second hydraulic rod.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and forming the metal material crystal grains can make the original metal only suitable for casting processing, realize the refinement of the crystal grains, and finish the extrusion forming at one time after the toughness is improved.

(2) After the process is fully automated, a series of processing can be completed in a short time, the temperature of the material is not reduced basically, reheating and heat preservation are not needed, time is saved, efficiency is improved, energy is saved, cost is reduced, the range of materials capable of being subjected to plastic forming is widened, and high-strength workpieces which cannot be subjected to plastic forming processing in the prior art can be prepared.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an assembly diagram of an automatic rotating system and an automatic mold changing system of an integrated preparation device for full-automatic grain refinement and molding of metal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated rotation system of a fully automatic integrated manufacturing apparatus for refining and molding metal material grains according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic mold changing system of a full-automatic integrated manufacturing device for refining and molding metal material grains according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the RD-ECAP fine grain processing of the fully automatic integrated manufacturing device for refining and forming the metal material grains according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic mold changing system of a full-automatic integrated manufacturing device for refining and molding metal material grains according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion molding system of a fully automatic integrated preparation device for refining and molding metal material grains according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of mechanical property tests after ordinary extrusion forming and automatic fine RD-ECAP extrusion forming of AZ91 magnesium alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a comparison graph of mechanical property tests after ordinary extrusion forming and automatic RD-ECAP fine grain extrusion forming of AZ61 magnesium alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a motor; 2. forging and pressing the die; 3. a chain; 4. a steel plate; 5. a hollow slider slot; 6. forming a mold; 7. a first hydraulic lever; 8. a slider; 9. raw materials to be processed; 10. an automatic mode locking device; 1001. back locking pliers; 1002. front locking pliers; 11. a host extrusion rod; 12. a second hydraulic rod; 13. a square channel; 14. a first through hole; 15. a second via.

Detailed Description

For further explanation of the embodiments, the drawings are provided as part of the disclosure and serve primarily to illustrate the embodiments and, together with the description, to explain the principles of operation of the embodiments, and to provide further explanation of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other embodiments and advantages of the invention are possible, and that elements in the drawings are not to scale and that like reference numerals are generally used to designate like elements.

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment provides a full-automatic metallic material crystalline grain refines and fashioned integrative preparation facilities.

Referring now to the drawings and the detailed description, as shown in fig. 1-6, an integrated manufacturing apparatus for refining and molding fully automatic metal material crystal grains according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an automatic rotation system, an automatic mold changing system, an extrusion molding system, and an automatic mold locking device 10; one end of the automatic rotating system is provided with the extrusion forming system, one side of the extrusion forming system is provided with the automatic mold locking device 10, and the bottom end of the extrusion forming system is provided with the automatic mold changing system.

By means of the technical scheme, the full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and forming the metal material crystal grains can be used for originally adapting to metal which is only cast and processed, the crystal grains are refined, and after the toughness is improved, extrusion forming is completed at one time; and a series of processing can be completed in a short time after the process is fully automated, the temperature of the material is not reduced basically, reheating and heat preservation are not needed, time is saved, efficiency is improved, energy is saved, cost is reduced, the range of materials capable of being subjected to plastic forming is widened, and high-strength workpieces which cannot be subjected to plastic forming processing before can be prepared.

In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned automatic rotating system, the automatic rotating system comprises a motor 1 and a chain 3 matched with the motor 1, and one end of the chain 3 far away from the motor 1 is matched with the extrusion forming system, so as to realize the automatic rotation of the die.

In one embodiment, for the above extrusion molding system, the extrusion molding system includes a forging die 2 matched with the chain 3, the forging die 2 is octagonal, two criss-cross square channels 13 are formed inside the forging die 2, four sliders 8 are installed inside the square channels 13, a main machine extrusion rod 11 is arranged on the front side of the forging die 2, and a second hydraulic rod 12 is arranged on the left side of the forging die 2, so as to extrude the materials into wires, plates, pipes and the like.

In one embodiment, for the automatic die change system, the automatic die change system comprises a steel plate 4 matched with the forging die 2, a hollow slide block slot 5 matched with the slide block 8 is formed in one side of the middle of the steel plate 4, a forming die 6 is arranged at one end of the steel plate 4, and a first hydraulic rod 7 matched with the slide block 8 is arranged at one end, close to the forming die 6, of the steel plate 4, so that seamless butt joint of the RD-ECAP die and the forming die is achieved, and then automatic die change is achieved.

In one embodiment, for the automatic mold clamping device 10, the automatic mold clamping device 10 includes a rear locking pliers 1001 and a front locking pliers 1002 located at the front side of the rear locking pliers 1001, and the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 are combined and filled with the raw material 9 to be processed, so that the forging mold 2 and the forming mold 6 are locked, and the normal and stable operation of the fully automatic integrated preparation device for grain refinement and forming of the metal material is ensured.

In one embodiment, for the slide block 8, four slide blocks 8 are distributed in a criss-cross manner inside the square channel 13, so that the slide block 8 can smoothly slide in the square channel 13 inside the forging die 2 during the extrusion process.

In one embodiment, for the square channel 13, the aperture of the square channel 13 is larger than the width of the slide block 8, and lubricating oil is filled between the inner wall of the square channel 13 and the slide block 8, so that the slide block 8 can smoothly slide in the square channel 13 inside the forging die 2 during the extrusion process.

In one embodiment, for the motor 1, the output shaft of the motor 1 and the input shaft of the forging die 2 are respectively provided with a sprocket wheel matched with the chain 3, so that the motor 1 can smoothly drive the forging die 2 to move through the chain 3.

In one embodiment, for the rear locking pliers 1001, a first through hole 14 is horizontally formed in the rear locking pliers 1001, and the first through hole 14 is perpendicular to the second hydraulic rod 12, so as to reserve a discharge hole for extruded wires, plates, pipes, and the like.

In an embodiment, for the front locking pliers 1002, a second through hole 15 matched with the main machine extrusion rod 11 is horizontally formed in the front locking pliers 1002, an inner diameter of the second through hole 15 is larger than a diameter of the main machine extrusion rod 11, and the second through hole 15 is perpendicular to the second hydraulic rod 12, so that normal operation of the main machine extrusion rod 11 is ensured.

For the convenience of understanding the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made on the working principle or the operation mode of the present invention in the practical process.

Automatic rotating system:

at present, the RD-ECAP mold in a laboratory is manually rotated, the RD-ECAP mold needs to bear large extrusion force and impact vibration in the extrusion process and needs to be locked and fixed, and directional rotation of 90 degrees in a directional mode needs to be accurately completed between RD-ECAP extrusion passes. In the automatic process, the motor 1 is selected to realize directional rotation, but because huge pressure and vibration motors in the machining process cannot be directly and rigidly connected to the RD-ECAP die, the flexible chain 3 is adopted for transmission to realize the automatic rotation of the die, as shown in figure 2.

Automatic retooling system:

in order to realize the continuous processing of the RD-ECAP, four sliding blocks 8 are needed, the position of the forming die 6 is needed to be blocked by a solid thick steel plate 4, after the ECAP fine grain processing is completed and before the forming processing, the sliding block 8 at the forefront end needs to be taken away, the position of the thick steel plate 4 is changed into the preheated forming die 6 (dies with different shapes can be changed according to the forming requirements), and then the seamless butt joint of the RD-ECAP die and the forming die can be realized. Therefore, an automatic die change system was designed, as shown in fig. 3. After the RD-ECAP fine grains are processed, the hollow slide block groove 5 is moved to the position right in front of the RD-ECAP mould through the driving of the first hydraulic rod 7, the front end slide block 8 is taken away under the matching of the hydraulic rods, and the preheated forming mould 6 is sent to the position right in front of the RD-ECAP mould through the first hydraulic rod 7 again, so that automatic mould changing is realized.

Extrusion molding system:

as shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, the slide block 8 on the left side of the die is designed as a movable second hydraulic rod 12, which is required to keep sliding during the RD-ECAP fine-grain processing and to leave enough rotating space for the RD-ECAP die, but is required to be blocked and fixed during the extrusion molding process. After the RD-ECAP fine grains are processed, the preheated forming die 6 is rapidly replaced to the right front of the RD-ECAP die through an automatic die replacing system, then the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 are combined, the forging die 2 and the forming die 6 are locked, meanwhile, the second hydraulic rod 12 compresses the left side of the die, the main machine extrusion rod 11 advances, the rear sliding block 8 advances, and therefore the raw material 9 to be processed is pushed to pass through the forming die 6 and is extruded and formed into wires, plates, pipes and the like.

When the full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and forming metal material grains is actually applied, before forging and pressing processing is started, a rear locking clamp 1001 and a front locking clamp 1002 in an automatic die locking device 10 are separated, an induction heating furnace falls down and is sleeved on a forging and pressing die 2, the forging and pressing die is heated to a proper temperature and is kept warm for a certain time, after a raw material 9 to be processed is fully preheated, the induction heating furnace is lifted, the rear locking clamp 1001 and the front locking clamp 1002 in the automatic die locking device 10 are combined to lock the forging and pressing die, at the moment, a solid steel plate 4 in an automatic die changing system is positioned right in front of the die to limit sliding of a sliding block 8, when a main machine extrusion rod 11 is pressurized, the raw material 9 to be processed can only move towards the left side of the die, grain refining is realized through the shearing action of a right angle of the inner wall of a crossed square channel 13, and meanwhile, a half of a sliding block 8 on the left side, the raw material 9 to be processed is subjected to shear deformation, and finally, the shape of the cuboid is kept unchanged. This is a single extrusion process for equal channel angular Extrusion (ECAP). After one-time extrusion is finished, the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 are separated, the forging die 2 is driven by the motor 1 through the chain 3, the die rotates clockwise by 90 degrees in the figure 1, the die returns to the initial state shown in the figure 1, and the steps are repeated, so that automatic multi-pass ECAP machining can be realized. After the predetermined pass is finished, the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 are separated, the hollow slider groove 5 is conveyed to the position right in front of the forging die through the driving of the first hydraulic rod 7, then the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 are combined and locked, and meanwhile, the second hydraulic rod 12 presses the left side of the die to limit the sliding of the left slider 8. At this time, the main machine extrusion rod 11 is pushed forward, and the raw material 9 to be processed can only slide forward along the extrusion rod direction, so as to push the front slider 8 to the hollow slider groove 5, as shown in fig. 5. Then, the main machine extrusion rod 11 stops and retracts, the second hydraulic rod 12 retracts, the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 separate, the first hydraulic rod 7 continues to push downwards to take away the front slide block 8, the preheated forming die 6 is conveyed to the position right in front of the forging die 2, then the rear locking pliers 1001 and the front locking pliers 1002 are combined, the forging die 2 and the forming die 6 are locked, and meanwhile the second hydraulic rod 12 presses the left side of the die. The extrusion rod 11 of the main machine advances to push the rear sliding block 8 forward, so as to push the raw material 9 to be processed to pass through the forming die 6, and the raw material is extruded and formed into wires, plates, pipes and the like, as shown in fig. 6.

For the convenience of understanding the above technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the above solution of the present invention is described in combination with experimental data, specifically as follows:

experiment one:

mechanical property tests of AZ91 magnesium alloy after common extrusion molding and automatic RD-ECAP fine grain extrusion molding are compared, as shown in FIG. 7.

The ordinary extrusion forming ultimate strength of the AZ91 magnesium alloy is 250MPa, and the fracture elongation is 15%;

the AZ91 magnesium alloy automatic RD-ECAP fine grain extrusion molding has the ultimate strength of 380MPa and the fracture elongation of 27 percent;

after the AZ91 magnesium alloy is subjected to automatic RD-ECAP fine-grain extrusion forming, the ultimate strength is improved by 52%, and the elongation at break is improved by 80%.

Experiment two:

mechanical property tests of AZ61 magnesium alloy after common extrusion molding and automatic RD-ECAP fine grain extrusion molding are compared, as shown in FIG. 8.

The ordinary extrusion forming ultimate strength of the AZ61 magnesium alloy is 170MPa, and the fracture elongation is 14%;

the AZ61 magnesium alloy automatic RD-ECAP fine grain extrusion molding has the ultimate strength of 290MPa and the fracture elongation of 24 percent;

after the AZ91 magnesium alloy is subjected to automatic RD-ECAP fine-grain extrusion forming, the ultimate strength is improved by 70.6%, and the elongation at break is improved by 71.4%.

In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme of the utility model, the full-automatic metal material grain refining and forming integrated preparation device is utilized, the original metal which is only suitable for casting processing can be made, grain refining is realized, and extrusion forming is completed at one time after toughness is improved; and a series of processing can be completed in a short time after the process is fully automated, the temperature of the material is not reduced basically, reheating and heat preservation are not needed, time is saved, efficiency is improved, energy is saved, cost is reduced, the range of materials capable of being subjected to plastic forming is widened, and high-strength workpieces which cannot be subjected to plastic forming processing before can be prepared.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "fixed," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be connected through the inside of two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically defined, and the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A full-automatic integrated preparation device for refining and molding metal material grains is characterized by comprising an automatic rotating system, an automatic die changing system, an extrusion molding system and an automatic die locking device (10);

the automatic die-changing device is characterized in that the extrusion forming system is arranged at one end of the automatic rotating system, the automatic die-locking device (10) is arranged on one side of the extrusion forming system, and the automatic die-changing system is arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion forming system.

2. The fully automatic integrated apparatus for refining and forming metal material grains as claimed in claim 1, wherein said automatic rotation system comprises a motor (1) and a chain (3) engaged with said motor (1), and one end of said chain (3) far away from said motor (1) is engaged with said extrusion forming system.

3. The fully automatic integrated preparation device for refining and molding metal material grains as claimed in claim 2, wherein the extrusion molding system comprises a forging die (2) matched with the chain (3), the forging die (2) is octagonal, two criss-cross square channels (13) are formed in the forging die (2), four sliders (8) are installed in the square channels (13), a main machine extrusion rod (11) is arranged on the front side of the forging die (2), and a second hydraulic rod (12) is arranged on the left side of the forging die (2).

4. The fully automatic integrated preparation device for refining and forming metal material crystal grains according to claim 3, wherein the automatic die changing system comprises a steel plate (4) matched with the forging die (2), a hollow slide block groove (5) matched with the slide block (8) is formed in one side of the middle of the steel plate (4), a forming die (6) is arranged at one end of the steel plate (4), and a first hydraulic rod (7) matched with the slide block (8) is arranged at one end, close to the forming die (6), of the steel plate (4).

5. The apparatus for integrally manufacturing a fully automatic grain refinement and shaping metal material according to claim 4, wherein the automatic mold clamping apparatus (10) comprises a rear locking pliers (1001) and a front locking pliers (1002) located at the front side of the rear locking pliers (1001), and the rear locking pliers (1001) and the front locking pliers (1002) are combined and filled with the raw material (9) to be processed.

6. The fully automatic integrated apparatus for grain refinement and shaping of metal material as claimed in claim 3, wherein four said sliding blocks (8) are distributed in a crisscross manner inside said square channel (13).

7. The fully automatic integrated preparation device for grain refinement and forming of metal material according to claim 3, wherein the aperture of the square channel (13) is larger than the width of the slide block (8), and lubricating oil is filled between the inner wall of the square channel (13) and the slide block (8).

8. The fully automatic integrated apparatus for refining and molding metallic material grains as claimed in claim 3, wherein the output shaft of the motor (1) and the input shaft of the forging and pressing mold (2) are respectively provided with a sprocket wheel cooperating with the chain (3).

9. The fully automatic integrated preparation device for grain refinement and molding of metal material according to claim 5, wherein the rear locking pliers (1001) is horizontally provided with a first through hole (14), and the first through hole (14) is perpendicular to the second hydraulic rod (12).

10. The fully automatic integrated preparation device for grain refinement and molding of metal materials according to claim 5, wherein the front locking pliers (1002) is horizontally provided with a second through hole (15) matched with the main machine extrusion rod (11), the inner diameter of the second through hole (15) is larger than the diameter of the main machine extrusion rod (11), and the second through hole (15) is perpendicular to the second hydraulic rod (12).

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