CN212198579U - Cylindrical distiller for solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination - Google Patents
Cylindrical distiller for solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination Download PDFInfo
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- CN212198579U CN212198579U CN202020766296.9U CN202020766296U CN212198579U CN 212198579 U CN212198579 U CN 212198579U CN 202020766296 U CN202020766296 U CN 202020766296U CN 212198579 U CN212198579 U CN 212198579U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination, which comprises a heat insulating material, a photothermal conversion material, a seawater flowing groove, a glass arc cover, an arc fresh water collecting groove and a unit combined bracket; the glass arc cover and the arc fresh water collecting tank are connected to form a cylindrical distiller shell, the cylindrical distiller shell is obliquely placed on the unit combined support, and each cylindrical distiller unit is connected in parallel on the unit combined support. The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses constitute cylindrical distiller by glass arc cover and circular arc fresh water collecting vat, set up the sea water flowing groove in the cylindrical distiller, in the thermal insulation material heat retaining distiller, the sea water evaporation in the light and heat conversion material illumination heating sea water flowing groove, steam carries out the heat exchange condensation through glass arc cover and environment and becomes fresh water, collects to circular arc fresh water collecting vat, realizes the desalination of large tracts of land solar photothermal evaporation sea water, obtains higher solar energy utilization ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sea water desalination, light and heat evaporation field especially relate to a cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation sea water desalination.
Background
The solar seawater desalination thermal method technology mainly utilizes solar photo-thermal resources to heat seawater, phase change evaporation is carried out on the seawater, and fresh water is obtained through condensation and collection. The photo-thermal solar seawater desalination technology has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, simple maintenance and the like, and is the mainstream solar seawater desalination technology at present. The thermal method solar seawater desalination can be divided into solar-assisted multiple-effect evaporation, multi-stage flash evaporation, heat pump seawater desalination, membrane distillation, humidification and dehumidification and a solar distiller according to different evaporation and condensation modes, wherein the solar distiller occupies a small area and is independent, and the requirement of the application of unit distributed small seawater desalination can be met. The solar still can be divided into three parts according to energy conversion and material change: the light-heat conversion section, the evaporation section and the condensation section correspond to the conversion of energy and material from "light" to "heat", "sea water" to "steam" and "steam" to "fresh water", respectively. The traditional solar distiller is an integrated solar distiller, sunlight passes through glass to be absorbed by seawater and a substrate, the seawater is condensed on the inner wall of the glass after being evaporated and flows to a collecting tank to obtain fresh water, and the light-heat conversion, the evaporation and the condensation are all realized in a container. Although the solar still has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, the condensation structure has low water production efficiency due to the influence of factors such as shielding of a photo-thermal material, light reflection of a water surface and a glass surface, large volume of water, heat loss of the still and the like when the condensation structure is in different illumination angles, and therefore, the influence factors need to be optimized and improved in a targeted manner.
The relevant documents are: zhang Xuan radium, Bo Yuan and Liu Qiang in electric power science and engineering, 2017,33(12):1-8, published "New technical development State of solar seawater desalination" [ J ]; xiao, G., Wang, X., Ni, M., et al, Applied Energy 103, 642-652 (2013), A review on synthetic rods for textile evaluation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing a cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination.
The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination comprises a heat insulation material, a photothermal conversion material, a seawater flowing groove, a glass arc cover, an arc fresh water collecting groove and a unit combined bracket; the glass arc hood and the arc fresh water collecting tank are connected to form a cylindrical distiller shell, and the cylindrical distiller shell is obliquely placed on the unit combined bracket, and each cylindrical distiller unit is connected in parallel on the unit combined bracket; the seawater flowing groove is fixed in the cylindrical distiller through a flowing groove bracket, and the seawater in the seawater flowing groove is covered with a heat insulating material and a photothermal conversion material.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the heat insulating material comprises polystyrene with the thermal conductivity coefficient less than or equal to 0.1W/(m.K), polyurethane hydrophobic white foam or aerosol; the heat insulation material covers the outer surface of the distiller except the glass arc cover and the space between the photothermal conversion material and the seawater in the distiller; the thickness of the heat insulating material is 1-6cm, wherein the thickness of the heat insulating material between the cylindrical distiller units can be appropriately reduced in order to increase the sunlight utilization area.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the photothermal conversion material comprises single-layer or multi-layer black dyed fiber cloth with the light absorption rate of more than or equal to 80 percent, carbon-based material deposition cloth such as activated carbon, graphene and carbon nano tubes, plasma deposition cloth such as nano gold and nano silver, and carbon-based material blending gel; the lower end of the partial area of the photothermal conversion material passes through the heat insulation material to be contacted with seawater, and the seawater is drawn through the capillary action of the fiber cloth.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the seawater flowing groove is made of corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, stainless steel or glass, and the bottom of the seawater flowing groove is fixed in the cylindrical distiller through a flowing groove bracket of a fence structure or a support structure; the width of the seawater flowing groove is slightly smaller than the diameter of the glass arc cover, a certain distance is reserved between the seawater flowing groove and the glass arc cover, and a channel for collecting condensed water on the glass arc cover is reserved; the two ends of the seawater flowing groove are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, when the cylindrical distiller is obliquely placed, seawater is injected from the high bottom of the seawater flowing groove, evaporated concentrated water flows out from the low bottom of the seawater flowing groove, the injection and outflow speeds of water flow are required to meet the requirement that the seawater, heat insulation materials and photo-thermal conversion materials floating on the seawater do not overflow out of the seawater flowing groove, and the selection is usually 0-1L/h; the height of the guardrail of the seawater flowing groove also needs to meet the requirement that the seawater, the heat insulation materials and the photothermal conversion materials floating on the seawater do not overflow out of the seawater flowing groove, and the height is usually selected to be 2-8 cm.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the glass arc cover comprises super white glass with the light transmittance of more than 95%, the thickness of the glass arc cover meets the structural rigidity, and the thickness of the glass arc cover is as thin as possible, so that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the glass arc cover is as large as possible, and the thickness is usually 3-8 mm; the radian of the glass arc cover is at least 180 degrees of semicircle, so that the sunlight at different angles at different moments is fully utilized.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the upper end of the arc fresh water collecting tank is connected with the glass arc cover through a groove of a hydrophobic rubber gasket to form a cylinder with the same radius; the arc fresh water collecting tank is made of the same glass material as the glass arc cover, or other corrosion-resistant engineering plastics or stainless steel materials; the outer wall of the arc fresh water collecting tank is attached with a heat insulating material and is arranged on the unit combined bracket.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the unit combined bracket is in a ladder-shaped structure formed by stainless steel brackets, and the included angle between the adjustable inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 0-60 degrees; the unit combined brackets are connected through stainless steel bolt structures and combined side by side to form a large-area distiller structure, and the distiller is placed on an open and shelterless field right opposite to the south.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model comprises a glass arc cover and an arc fresh water collecting tank, a seawater flowing groove is arranged in the cylindrical distiller, in the distiller with thermal insulation material, the photothermal conversion material is heated by illumination to evaporate seawater in the seawater flowing groove, steam is condensed into fresh water by heat exchange with the environment through the glass arc cover, and the fresh water is collected in the arc fresh water collecting tank; each cylindrical distiller unit can be connected in parallel on a unit combined bracket with a certain inclination angle, large-area solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination is realized, and the cylindrical distiller unit is applied to the fields of photo-thermal evaporation, solar seawater desalination and the like, and obtains higher solar energy utilization rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cylindrical distiller of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the parallel combination of the cylindrical distiller units of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the process of sea water evaporation, condensation and desalination in the middle cylinder distiller of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a heat insulation material 1, a photothermal conversion material 2, a seawater flowing groove 3, seawater 4, a glass arc cover 5 and an arc fresh water collecting groove 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following description of the embodiments is merely provided to aid in understanding the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
The interface evaporation structure is adopted, a light absorption material is arranged at the interface between seawater and air, a thin liquid layer at the interface is heated and evaporated, and the seawater is continuously absorbed to the heating interface by using a water absorption core or a floating water absorption material, so that the photo-thermal evaporation process is continuously carried out, the heat loss in the evaporation process is greatly reduced, and the evaporation temperature and efficiency are improved; adopt the cylindrical structure, when not only can avoiding different angles sun irradiation, the inside and sheltering from between the unit of distiller unit can also increase the condensation area, improves condensation efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, in the cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination, in a thermal insulation foam heat preservation distiller, a photothermal conversion material 2 is irradiated by light to heat seawater 4 in a seawater flowing tank 3 for evaporation, and steam is subjected to heat exchange with the environment through a glass circular arc cover 5 to be condensed into fresh water, and the fresh water is collected in a circular arc fresh water collecting tank 6; a plurality of cylindrical distiller units are arranged side by side, and large-area solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination can be realized.
The heat insulation foam is as follows: extruded polystyrene foam boards (XPS) having a density of 30kg/m3The thermal conductivity is 0.03W/mK, and the thickness is 1 to 6 cm.
The photothermal conversion material is: 60X 15cm multilayer black dyed fiber cotton gauze with a solar spectral range of 93% absorbance.
The seawater flowing tank comprises: the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height is 60 multiplied by 15 multiplied by 4cm, the width is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical distiller, the diameter of the cylindrical distiller is 20cm, and a condensed water collecting channel of 2cm is reserved at the distance from the glass arc cover 5; the seawater flowing groove 3 is made of corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, and the bottom of the seawater flowing groove is fixed in the cylindrical distiller through an engineering plastic fence structure.
The glass arc cover is: the ultra-white glass semicircular cover with the light transmittance of more than 95 percent has the diameter of 20cm and the thickness of 5 mm.
The arc fresh water collecting tank is as follows: the diameter is 20cm semicircle formula engineering plastics collecting vat, and the upper end adopts hydrophobic rubber gasket groove connection with glass arc cover 5, and the outer wall laminating is thermal-insulated foam and is settled on the unit sectional shelf-unit.
The unit combined bracket comprises: as shown in fig. 2, a stainless steel bracket forms a ladder-shaped structure, and the inclined plane can be adjusted to form an included angle of 20 degrees with the horizontal plane; the unit combined brackets are connected through stainless steel bolt structures and combined side by side to form a large-area distiller structure, and the distiller is placed on an open and shelterless field right opposite to the south.
The process of seawater evaporation, condensation and desalination in the cylindrical distiller for solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 3, seawater 4 is drawn to the surface of the photothermal conversion material 2 to absorb heat and evaporate, condensed at the glass arc hood 5, and flows to the arc fresh water collecting tank 6 along the two sides of the arc to be collected.
The operation example of the cylindrical distiller device for solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination is as follows: three cylindrical distiller units with the length of 60cm and the diameter of 20cm are arranged on a unit combination bracket in an inclined way at an angle of 20 degrees to form a distiller device with the illumination area size of 60 multiplied by 60cm, and under the sunlight irradiation condition that the environment temperature is 12-20 ℃ and the equivalent standard sunlight irradiation hours are 3.5 hours in spring in coastal cities in south China, the daily total water yield of the cylindrical distiller operating for 24 hours is 2kg/m2Day, total efficiency 38%.
Claims (7)
1. A cylindrical distiller for solar photo-thermal evaporation seawater desalination is characterized in that: comprises a heat insulating material (1), a photothermal conversion material (2), a seawater flowing groove (3), a glass arc cover (5), an arc fresh water collecting groove (6) and a unit combined bracket; the glass arc hood (5) is connected with the arc fresh water collecting tank (6) to form a cylindrical distiller shell, the cylindrical distiller shell is obliquely placed on the unit combined bracket, and each cylindrical distiller unit is connected in parallel on the unit combined bracket; the seawater flowing groove (3) is fixed in the cylindrical distiller through a flowing groove bracket, and the seawater (4) in the seawater flowing groove (3) is covered with a heat insulating material (1) and a photothermal conversion material (2).
2. The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination of claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation material (1) comprises polystyrene, polyurethane hydrophobic white foam or aerosol; the heat insulation material (1) covers the outer surface of the distiller except the glass arc cover (5) and the space between the photothermal conversion material (2) and the seawater (4) in the distiller; the thickness of the heat insulation material (1) is 1-6 cm.
3. The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination of claim 1, wherein: the photothermal conversion material (2) comprises single-layer or multi-layer black dyed fiber cloth, carbon-based material deposition cloth, plasma deposition cloth or carbon-based material blending gel; the lower end of the partial area of the photothermal conversion material passes through the heat insulation material (1) to be contacted with seawater (4).
4. The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination of claim 1, wherein: the seawater flowing tank (3) is made of corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, stainless steel or glass, and the bottom of the seawater flowing tank (3) is fixed in the cylindrical distiller through a flowing tank bracket of a fence structure or a support structure; the width of the seawater flowing groove (3) is smaller than the diameter of the glass arc cover (5), and a certain distance is reserved between the seawater flowing groove (3) and the glass arc cover (5); a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively arranged at the two ends of the seawater flowing groove (3); the height of the guardrail of the seawater flowing groove (3) is 2-8 cm.
5. The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination of claim 1, wherein: the glass arc cover (5) comprises super white glass with the light transmittance of more than 95 percent, and the thickness of the super white glass is 3-8 mm; the radian of the glass arc cover (5) is at least 180 degrees.
6. The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the arc fresh water collecting tank (6) is connected with the glass arc cover (5) through a groove of a hydrophobic rubber gasket to form a cylinder with the same radius; the arc fresh water collecting tank (6) is made of the same glass material as the glass arc hood (5), or is made of engineering plastics or stainless steel materials; the outer wall of the arc fresh water collecting tank (6) is attached with a heat insulating material (1) and is arranged on the unit combined bracket.
7. The cylindrical distiller for solar photothermal evaporation seawater desalination of claim 1, wherein: the unit combined bracket is in a ladder-shaped structure formed by stainless steel brackets, and the included angle between the adjustable inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 0-60 degrees; the unit combined brackets are connected through stainless steel bolt structures and combined side by side to form a large-area distiller structure, and the distiller is placed on an open and shelterless field right opposite to the south.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115215401A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Distillation device for solar saline water desalination |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115215401A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Distillation device for solar saline water desalination |
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