CN212182347U

CN212182347U - Photovoltaic module and solar photovoltaic system

Info

Publication number: CN212182347U
Application number: CN202020602320.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄腾; 谭小春
Original assignee: Xian Longi Green Energy Architecture Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-21
Filing date: 2020-04-21
Publication date: 2020-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-21
Also published as: WO2021212813A1

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module and solar photovoltaic system relates to photovoltaic module technical field to under the circumstances that bypass diode broke down, need not change the line box, just can reach and change bypass diode purpose. The photovoltaic module comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a plurality of cell strings connected in series. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are oppositely arranged, and the battery piece strings are arranged between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate. The photovoltaic assembly also includes a plurality of bypass devices. Each bypass device is connected in parallel with a corresponding cell string. The second fixing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes. Each through hole is used for repairing or replacing the bypass device when the corresponding bypass device fails. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module is arranged in photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Photovoltaic module and solar photovoltaic system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic module technical field especially relates to a photovoltaic module and solar photovoltaic system.

Background

In the prior art, the photovoltaic module is usually arranged in a wide area with sufficient sunlight, so that the photovoltaic module can normally generate electricity under illumination. However, under the condition that a partial region of the photovoltaic module is shielded, sunlight cannot be emitted to the shielded region of the photovoltaic module, so that the cell in the shielded region of the photovoltaic module cannot normally generate electricity, and the electricity generated by the cell in the unshielded region of the photovoltaic module is consumed. At this time, since the battery piece in the shielded area consumes the electric quantity generated by the battery piece in the unshielded area, the shielded area of the photovoltaic module generates high heat, and there is a risk that the battery piece string is burned, or even the photovoltaic module is burned.

In order to solve the above problem, a bypass diode is generally connected in parallel to the cell string. When any one cell in the cell string is shielded, the resistance of the cell string is increased, so that the photovoltaic current flows out through the bypass diode, and the possibility of burning the cell string is reduced. However, the bypass diode is generally sealed in a wire box by using potting adhesive, and the failure rate of the bypass diode is high. Once the bypass diode breaks down, the whole wire box needs to be replaced, and the purpose of replacing the bypass diode can be achieved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses an under the circumstances that bypass diode broke down, need not change the line box, just can reach and change bypass diode purpose.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a plurality of battery piece strings. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are oppositely arranged. The battery piece cluster of cluster sets up between first fixed plate and second fixed plate. The plurality of strings of battery plates are connected in series. The photovoltaic assembly also includes a plurality of bypass devices. Each bypass device is connected in parallel with a corresponding cell string. The second fixing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes. The plate surface of the first fixing plate facing the second fixing plate is a target plate surface. The orthographic projection of each through hole on the target board surface covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding bypass device on the target board surface. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module has seted up a plurality of through-holes on the second fixed plate, and every through-hole covers the orthographic projection of corresponding bypass device at the target face at the orthographic projection of target face. Therefore, when a certain bypass device fails, the bypass device can be replaced or repaired through the corresponding through hole of the bypass device. Therefore, for prior art, the utility model provides an among the photovoltaic module can be under the prerequisite of not tearing the line box down, maintain or change the bypass device who plays the bypass diode function to simplify maintenance and the change process under the bypass device trouble condition, consequently, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module can effectively save bypass device cost of maintenance. Additionally, the utility model provides an among the photovoltaic module, bypass device plays bypass diode's function, and it is established between first fixed plate and second fixed plate, and does not establish in the line box to reduce the volume of line box, with the preparation material of having saved the line box, reduce terminal box cost of manufacture. And simultaneously, the utility model provides a under the less condition of volume ratio of line box among the photovoltaic module, can vacate more spaces and hold more bypass device to under the prerequisite that hot spot effect appears, reduce photovoltaic module calorific capacity and output loss, guarantee photovoltaic system's generated energy, output and security.

In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of packages. Each package is disposed within a respective through-hole. When the bypass device is replaced, the bypass device can be replaced or maintained only by detaching the packaging piece in the through hole.

In one possible implementation, each enclosure is a removable enclosure that is removably disposed within a respective through-hole. The packaging part is a detachable packaging part, so that the bypass device can be conveniently replaced or maintained while the cost is saved.

In one possible implementation, each package is an encapsulation film. When the bypass device needs to be replaced or maintained, the packaging film in the through hole can be removed, and the bypass device is detached from the photovoltaic module for maintenance and replacement.

In one possible implementation, the encapsulation film is a hot melt encapsulation film or a photolytic encapsulation film. When the packaging film is a hot-melt packaging film, the hot-melt packaging film may be heated to remove the hot-melt packaging film from the through-hole. When the encapsulation film is a photolysis encapsulation film, the photolysis encapsulation film may be photolyzed to remove the photolysis encapsulation film from the through-hole.

In one possible implementation, each string of battery slices includes a number of battery slices smaller than a first preset number. Of course, it is also possible to set the number of bypass devices to be greater than the second preset number from the viewpoint of the bypass devices. It can be understood that the greater the number of bypass devices, the fewer the cells contained in each string of cells, the greater the number of strings of cells and the number of bypass devices, without changing the total number of cells. Based on this, the first preset number and the second preset number can be adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the photovoltaic module comprises the bypass devices as many as possible. At the moment, the influence of the hot spot effect on the output power of the whole photovoltaic system is reduced by using more bypass devices, and the output power loss of the photovoltaic system is further ensured to be lower.

In a possible implementation, the dimension of the above-mentioned bypass device in the target direction is greater than or equal to 0.1mm, less than or equal to 1 mm. It should be understood that the target direction is perpendicular to the target panel surface. Because the size of the bypass device along the target direction is within the range of 0.1mm-1mm, the space occupied by the bypass device between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate can be effectively reduced, more bypass devices can be accommodated between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, the influence of the hot spot effect on the output power of the whole photovoltaic system is further reduced, and the output power loss of the photovoltaic system is further ensured to be lower.

In one possible implementation, the bypass device is of a flat construction. At this moment, when the bypass device is arranged between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, the influence of the bypass device on the thickness of the photovoltaic module can be reduced, and the photovoltaic module can be developed towards light and thin.

In a possible implementation manner, the bypass device comprises a switch tube and a chip for controlling the switch tube to be switched on or switched off according to the photovoltaic current. Compared with a diode used in the prior art, the switching tube has lower power consumption and can reduce the power generation loss of the photovoltaic module. And the calorific capacity that the switch tube of low-power consumption produced is also lower, and then has reduced the risk that photovoltaic module burns out.

In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic module further includes: a plurality of pairs of bus bars; each pair of bus bars is connected in parallel with the corresponding battery plate string, and each bypass device is electrically connected to the corresponding pair of bus bars. The bypass device and the bus bar pair are electrically connected, and the bus bar is a part of the photovoltaic module and is connected in parallel to the corresponding battery piece string, so that the bypass device and the corresponding battery piece string can be electrically connected on the premise of not increasing the purchase types of raw materials.

In one possible implementation, each pair of bus bars includes a first bus bar electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding cell string and a second bus bar electrically connected to the second end of the corresponding cell string, and the first and second bus bars are respectively electrically connected to the corresponding bypass device.

In a possible implementation manner, the photovoltaic module further includes an encapsulation glue filled between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and the encapsulation glue wraps the strings of the plurality of battery pieces and the plurality of bypass devices. Utilize encapsulation glue to wrap up many strings of battery piece cluster and a plurality of bypass device, not only can fix many strings of battery piece cluster and a plurality of bypass device, can also fix the relative position between first fixed plate and the second fixed plate for first fixed plate and second fixed plate counterpoint the accuracy.

In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of pairs of bus bars. And pressing the bus bars, the battery piece strings and the packaging adhesive of each pair together. It should be understood that, in order to ensure that the string of battery pieces is reliably connected in parallel with the bypass device, the bypass device may be welded to the corresponding pair of bus bars before the bus bars, the string of battery pieces and the encapsulation glue are pressed together, so that the bypass device is connected in parallel to the corresponding string of battery pieces through the corresponding pair of bus bars.

In a possible implementation manner, the bypass device is connected with the corresponding battery piece in series and parallel in a welding manner. Under this condition, when needs demolish bypass arrangement from the battery piece cluster, as long as adopt the heating methods to melt the welding agent can, consequently, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module can demolish from corresponding battery piece cluster that quick relatively easy, effectively reduces and demolishs the cost.

In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a solar photovoltaic system. The solar photovoltaic system comprises the photovoltaic module described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

The beneficial effects of the solar photovoltaic system provided by the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect are the same as the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner, and are not described herein again.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are described herein, serve to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitute a part of this specification, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are provided for explaining the invention without unduly limiting it. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front side circuit structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a back side circuit structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-photovoltaic module, 11-bypass device, 12-cell string, 13-positive wire box, 14-negative wire box, 15-through hole, 16-first fixing plate, 17-bus bar, 171-first bus bar, 172-second bus bar, 18-packaging glue, 19-second fixing plate, 110-packaging piece, 111-positive pin and 112-negative pin.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

At present, a photovoltaic module is usually installed in a wide region with sufficient sunlight, so that the photovoltaic module can normally generate electricity under illumination. However, if a partial area of the photovoltaic module is shaded from sunlight, a hot spot effect occurs. The hot spot effect means that the sunlight above part of the cells of the photovoltaic module is shielded, and then the cells shielded by the sunlight above the part of the cells do not normally generate electricity any more. Because a plurality of strings of battery cell strings in the photovoltaic module are connected in series, the battery cell string which cannot normally generate electricity becomes a load, and the electricity generated by other battery cell strings is consumed. When the shielded cell has current as a load, high heat can be generated, and the risk of burning a cell string or even burning a photovoltaic module can occur.

In the prior art, a bypass diode is generally connected in parallel on a cell string to solve the hot spot effect. When any one cell in the cell string is shielded, the resistance of the cell string is increased, so that the photovoltaic current flows out through the bypass diode, and the possibility of burning the cell string is reduced. However, the bypass diode has a high failure rate and, if it fails, it results in no power generation of the entire photovoltaic module. The bypass diode is usually sealed in the line box by using pouring sealant, and when the bypass diode breaks down, the whole line box needs to be replaced, so that the purpose of replacing the bypass diode can be achieved. The line box bonds very firmly with photovoltaic module's second fixed plate, and it wastes time and energy to change the line box, and the cost is very high.

Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic module 1 includes a first fixing plate 16 and a second fixing plate 19. The first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19 are disposed opposite to each other.

Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a front side circuit structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a back side circuit structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the photovoltaic module 1 further includes a plurality of cell strings 12. The strings of cells 12 are connected in series. The plurality of cell strings 12 are disposed between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19 shown in fig. 1. The photovoltaic module 1 further comprises a plurality of bypass devices 11. Each bypass device 11 is connected in parallel with a corresponding cell string 12. It should be understood that the photovoltaic module 1 described above may further include a junction box made up of a positive junction box 13 and a negative junction box 14, as shown in fig. 3. The positive pole of the circuit formed by the battery sheet strings 12 is connected with the positive pole wire box 13, and the negative pole of the circuit is connected with the negative pole wire box 14.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the second fixing plate 19 has a plurality of through holes 15, and the plate surface of the first fixing plate 16 facing the second fixing plate 19 is a target plate surface. The orthographic projection of each through hole 15 on the target board surface covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding bypass device 11 on the target board surface. The size of the through hole 15 of the second fixing plate 19 may be larger than that of the bypass device 11 to ensure that the corresponding bypass device 11 can be welded to the corresponding cell string 12 or removed from the cell string 12 through the through hole 15. As for the size of the through hole 15, it is necessary to refer to the reliability requirement of the second fixing plate 19 or set according to the actual requirement.

For convenience of describing the maintenance or replacement process of the bypass device 11 shown in fig. 1, a bypass device 11 will be described as an example.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, when the bypass device 11 is repaired or replaced, the bypass device 11 is removed from the cell string 12 through the through hole 15 formed in the second fixing plate 19 and taken out through the through hole 15, and then the repaired bypass device or a new bypass device is installed at a corresponding position, thereby repairing or replacing the bypass device.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, as can be seen from the structure of the photovoltaic module and the maintenance and replacement process of the bypass device, the second fixing plate 19 is provided with a plurality of through holes 15, and the orthographic projection of each through hole 15 on the target board surface covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding bypass device 11 on the target board surface. In this way, when a failure occurs in a certain bypass device 11, the bypass device 11 can be replaced or repaired through the corresponding through hole 15 of the bypass device 11. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module 1 can be under the prerequisite of not tearing the line box down, and the maintenance or the change bypass device 11 that plays the bypass diode function to simplify maintenance and the change process under the 11 fault conditions of bypass device, consequently, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module can effectively save bypass device cost of maintenance.

As a possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in order to achieve the appearance integrity of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of encapsulation members 110. Each package 110 is disposed within a respective via 15. When the bypass device 11 corresponding to a certain through hole 15 breaks down, the packaging part 110 in the corresponding through hole 15 is removed, so that the bypass device 11 can be replaced, compared with the prior art, the whole wire box needs to be replaced, the wire box is firmly bonded with the second fixing plate, the wire box is detached, time and labor are wasted, and the replacement difficulty is reduced.

In one example, as shown in fig. 1-3, the enclosure 110 is a removable enclosure. The removable packages are removably disposed within the respective through holes 15. After the bypass device 11 fails, the corresponding detachable package can be detached, and after the bypass device 11 is replaced, the detachable package is installed back into the corresponding through hole 15, so that the bypass device 11 can be replaced.

In order to further save cost and reduce replacement difficulty, the detachable packaging piece can be a structural piece. Because the structure can be dismantled when needing to maintain or change bypass device, after having maintained or having changed bypass device, install this structure back to in the through-hole again, so can save the cost and reduce the change degree of difficulty.

For example: the structural part can be a plug and can be inserted into the through hole in an interference fit mode, and the plug is prevented from falling from the through hole. Another example is: this structure can be for the screw member with through-hole threaded connection for screw member and through-hole threaded connection realize the auto-lock, thereby guarantee that the screw member can not follow corresponding through-hole and drop automatically.

In another example, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the package 110 may be an encapsulation film. When the bypass device 11 is out of order, the encapsulation film disposed in the corresponding through hole 15 needs to be removed, and then the bypass device 11 needs to be replaced. After the bypass device 11 has been replaced, the corresponding encapsulation film is filled into the corresponding through-hole 15. It should be understood that the choice of the encapsulation film is many, and the encapsulation film can be removed according to the physicochemical characteristics of the encapsulation film.

For example: as shown in fig. 1, the packaging film may be a hot melt packaging film. The hot-melt encapsulation film may be a potting silicone with high thermal conductivity and high weather resistance, or a resin material, but is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, since the hot melt adhesive packaging film has a characteristic of being softened and fluidized after reaching a predetermined temperature, when the bypass device 11 needs to be replaced, the hot melt adhesive packaging film in the corresponding through hole 15 is heated to be softened, melted, or the like, and the hot melt adhesive packaging film is removed from the through hole 15 in a relatively easy manner. The heating temperature and heating time are selected according to actual conditions. The hot-melt adhesive packaging film may be heated to be softened and then strongly removed, or the hot-melt adhesive packaging film may be heated to be fluidized, so that the hot-melt adhesive packaging film is chipped, and the bypass device 11 may be repaired or replaced by using the chipped portion. In addition, in order to reduce material waste, the heated hot melt packaging film may be collected for secondary use.

Another example is: the encapsulation film may be a photolytic encapsulation film. At this time, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, since the second fixing plate 19 included in the photovoltaic module 1 is located at a backlight surface, in the case that the package 110 is a photolytic packaging film, it is possible to ensure that the package 110 has high stability. In addition, the photolytic encapsulation film may be decomposed under light. When the bypass device 11 needs to be replaced, other areas of the photovoltaic module 1 are shielded, the photolysis packaging film in the corresponding through hole 15 is subjected to photolysis until the photolysis packaging film is completely decomposed, the corresponding bypass device 11 is taken out, the cell string 12 is connected with a new bypass device 11 in parallel, and then the corresponding through hole 15 can be filled with a new photolysis packaging film material to form a new photolysis packaging film.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in order to facilitate quick removal of the bypass device 11 from the corresponding cell string 12, the bypass device 11 is connected in parallel with the corresponding cell string 12 by welding. Under this condition, when needing to demolish bypass device 11 from battery piece cluster 12, as long as adopt the heating methods to melt the welding agent can, consequently, the embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module can demolish from corresponding battery piece cluster 12 relatively easy quick, effectively reduces and demolishs the cost.

As a possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in order to connect the bypass devices 11 in parallel to the corresponding cell strings 12, the photovoltaic module 1 further includes: a plurality of pairs of bus bars 17; each pair of bus bars 17 is connected in parallel to the corresponding cell string 12. Each bypass device 11 is electrically connected to a respective pair of bus bars 17. At this time, the photovoltaic current generated by the corresponding pair of cell strings 12 can be collected with each pair of bus bars 17. At this time, the electrical connection between the bypass device and the corresponding cell string can be realized without increasing the types of raw material procurement.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, each pair of bus bars 17 includes a first bus bar 171 and a second bus bar 172. The first bus bar 171 is electrically connected to a first end of the corresponding cell string 12, and the second bus bar 172 is electrically connected to a second end of the corresponding cell string 12. The first bus bar 171 is electrically connected to the positive electrode pin 111 of the corresponding bypass device 11, and the second bus bar 172 is electrically connected to the negative electrode pin 112 of the corresponding bypass device 11.

As an example, the bypass device 11 may be an existing bypass device, as shown in fig. 1. For example: the bypass device can comprise a switch tube and a chip for controlling the switch tube to be switched on or switched off according to the photovoltaic current. The switching transistor may be a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). The chip may be a current sense chip. One end of the chip is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the corresponding battery piece string, and the other end of the chip is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the corresponding battery piece string. In practical application, when the chip detects that the photovoltaic current is reverse current, the chip controls the switching tube to be cut off. When the chip detects that the current flowing into the chip is positive current, the chip controls the switch tube to be conducted.

In one example, when the switch transistor is an NMOS transistor, the gate of the NMOS transistor is connected to the chip, the drain of the NMOS transistor is connected to the first bus bar 171 as the positive pin 111, and the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the second bus bar 172 as the negative pin 112.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in order to ensure that the switching tube has a good bypass prevention function, the above-mentioned switching-off parameters may be: at normal temperature: the forward rated current is 2A to 30A, the reverse withstand voltage is 5V to 200V, the forward voltage drop is 0.01V to 0.25V under the condition of 10A forward current, and the power consumption is 0.1W to 2.5W. Under a reverse withstand voltage of 45V, the reverse leakage current is 5nA to 10 uA. Under the parameter, the bypass device 11 can bypass the cell string 12 under the lower power, so that the heat productivity and the power generation loss of the photovoltaic module under the hot spot effect are effectively reduced, and the risk of burning the photovoltaic module is further reduced.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic module 1 further includes an encapsulation glue 18 filled between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19. The encapsulation glue can be a jelly such as EVA and POE that can realize electronic device encapsulation, but is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the above-mentioned packaging glue 18 wraps the strings of battery cells 12 and the plurality of bypass devices 11. Utilize encapsulation glue 18 parcel many strings of battery piece cluster 12 and a plurality of bypass device 1, not only can fix many strings of battery piece cluster 12 and a plurality of bypass device 11, can also fix the relative position between first fixed plate 16 and the second fixed plate 19 for first fixed plate 16 and second fixed plate 19 are counterpointed accurately, prevent first fixed plate 16 and second fixed plate 19 dislocation.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of pairs of bus bars 17. Each pair of bus bars 17, the battery sheet string 12, and the encapsulating glue 18 are pressed together. It should be understood that in order to ensure a reliable parallel connection of the strings of battery plates 12 and the bypass device 11, the bypass device 11 may be soldered to the corresponding pair of bus bars 17 before the bus bars 17, the strings of battery plates 12 and the encapsulation glue 18 are pressed together, so that the bypass device 11 is connected in parallel to the corresponding string of battery plates 12 through the corresponding pair of bus bars 17. In order to understand the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the following description is made with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

In the first step, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first fixing plate 16 is laid flat, and a layer of packaging glue is spread on the first fixing plate 16.

And secondly, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a plurality of strings of battery cell strings 12 connected according to the circuit diagram shown in fig. 2 are laid on the packaging glue. It should be understood that each string of cells 12 has one bus bar led out of the positive pole and another bus bar led out of the negative pole.

Thirdly, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a plurality of bypass devices 11 are connected in parallel to the corresponding cell strings 12 in a welded manner according to the circuit diagram shown in fig. 2. For example: the bypass device 11 has a positive pin 111 and a negative pin 112 welded to respective pairs of bus bars.

And fourthly, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a layer of packaging glue is laid on the plurality of bypass devices 11, the plurality of battery piece strings 12 and the plurality of pairs of bus bars.

And fifthly, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, laying a second fixing plate 19 with a through hole 15 formed in advance on the packaging glue, leading out the positive electrode solder strip lead-out wire led out after the plurality of strings of battery piece strings 12 are connected in series from the positive electrode lead-out wire hole formed in advance on the second fixing plate, leading out the negative electrode solder strip lead-out wire led out after the plurality of strings of battery piece strings 12 are connected in series from the negative electrode lead-out wire hole formed in advance on the second fixing plate 19, and finally pressing the negative electrode solder strip lead-out wire to be flat to obtain the prefabricated photovoltaic module with a loose structure.

And sixthly, putting the prefabricated photovoltaic module into a laminating machine for laminating as shown in figures 1 to 3. The high temperature environment of the laminating machine during lamination may cause the encapsulation glue to crosslink into the solid glue layer 18. Meanwhile, the laminating machine can also discharge air bubbles contained in the prefabricated photovoltaic module in a vacuumizing mode.

Seventhly, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the negative electrode wire box 13 and the positive electrode wire box 14 are stained on the surface of the second fixing plate 19 away from the first fixing plate 16 through the adhesive silica gel, the positive electrode solder strip lead wire is welded in the positive electrode wire box 13, and the negative electrode solder strip lead wire is welded in the negative electrode wire box 14. Then, high-thermal-conductivity and high-weather-resistance potting silica gel is poured into the through hole 15 formed in the second fixing plate 19 (the shape of the potting silica gel is restrained by an auxiliary mold during glue pouring). After a certain period of time, a packaging film serving as the packaging part 110 is formed after the potting silica gel is cured, the through hole 15 is sealed, and the manufacturing of the photovoltaic module is finished.

As a possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the photovoltaic module 1 includes a bypass device 11 that functions as a bypass diode and is disposed between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19, but not disposed in the wire box, so that the volume of the wire box is reduced, thereby saving the manufacturing cost of the wire box. Therefore, for the scheme of establishing the bypass diode at the sealed line box, the utility model discloses the embodiment of the line box is small. In the case of a relatively small wire box volume in the photovoltaic module 1, more space can be made available to accommodate more bypass devices 11. Based on this, in order to reduce the power consumption of the photovoltaic module due to the hot spot effect, the number of the cell strings 12 per string can be allowed to be reduced under the condition that the number of the cells in the photovoltaic module is kept unchanged, so that the number of the cell strings 12 is increased. At this moment, there is great space to be every battery piece series-parallel connection bypass device 11 between first fixed plate 16 and second fixed plate 19, consequently, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module can be under the prerequisite of hot spot effect appearing, and the influence of minimize to the battery piece that is not sheltered from light reduces photovoltaic module calorific capacity and output loss, guarantees photovoltaic system's generated energy, output and security. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module has comparatively wide application prospect in the application scene that the shadow sheltered from appears easily. The application scenes of the shadow occlusion can be irregular or timed shadow occlusion scenes, and can also be environments of regular or irregular shadow occlusion.

In an alternative way, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, in order to reduce the influence of the hot spot effect on the output power of the photovoltaic module 1, the number of the cells included in each string of the cell strings 12 may be selectively designed, so that the number of the cell strings 12 is smaller than the first preset number, and in the case that the number of the cells included in the photovoltaic module is not changed, the number of the bypass devices is increased. Of course, the number of the bypass devices 11 may also be directly controlled, so that the number of the cells included in the cell string is reduced without changing the number of the cells included in the photovoltaic module 1. For example, the number of the bypass devices 11 is set to be equal to or greater than a second preset number. When the number of the cells included in the photovoltaic module 1 is not changed, the larger the number of the bypass devices 11, the smaller the number of the cells included in each string of the cells 12. It will be appreciated that the fewer the number of cells per string of cell strings 12, the less the photovoltaic module 1 is affected after the hot spot effect has occurred, without the number of cells included in the photovoltaic module changing.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first predetermined number may be 10 to 14, but may be adjusted according to actual needs. Of course, the number of the bypass devices 11 may be set to 5 to 20 in terms of the number of the bypass devices 11, but may be adjusted as needed. Also, the number of bypass devices 11 has interdependence with the number of the cell strings 12 and the number of cells included in each string of the cell strings 12.

For example: as shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the photovoltaic module includes 18 to 72 cells, if the cell string 12 includes 3 to 12 cells, the number of the bypass devices 11 is 6.

Another example is: as shown in fig. 2 and 3, each string of cell strings 12 includes 3 cells. When the total number of the cells of the photovoltaic module 1 is 60, the number of the cell strings 12 is 20. Accordingly, the number of bypass devices 11 is 20.

For another example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, each string of battery cells 12 includes 5 battery cells. When the total number of the cells of the photovoltaic module 1 is 60, the number of the cell strings 12 is 12. Accordingly, the number of bypass devices 11 is 12.

In order to evaluate the utility model provides a photovoltaic module's output height, combine prior art to carry out the analysis below.

In the prior art, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, each string of battery plates 12 usually contains at least 20 battery plates, and the number of the battery plate strings 12 is 3. When the hot spot effect occurs, the whole cell string 12 cannot work normally due to the shielding of sunlight of one or more cells, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module 1 is reduced by at least 33%.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, each string of battery strings 12 includes 3 battery pieces. When the total number of the cells of the photovoltaic module 1 is 60, the number of the cell strings 12 is 20. Accordingly, the number of bypass devices 11 is 20. It can be seen that, the embodiment of the utility model provides an in every cluster battery piece quantity great reduction than prior art, when taking place the hot spot effect, can very big degree reduce the influence to photovoltaic module 1's output.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the number of the cells included in the photovoltaic module 1 is constant, the number of the cell strings 12 in each string may be set to be smaller than the first preset number, and the number of the bypass devices included in the photovoltaic module may be larger than the second preset number, so that the photovoltaic module may have a higher power generation amount and output power as much as possible when the hot spot effect occurs.

As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 1, when the bypass device 11 is disposed between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19, the size of the bypass device 11 needs to be smaller than the distance between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19, limited by the distance between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19. Based on this, the structure of the bypass device 11 can be a flat structure, and in this case, the bypass device 11 can be accommodated between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19, which is also beneficial to the development of the photovoltaic module towards being light and thin.

For example: as shown in fig. 1, the dimension (i.e., thickness) of the bypass device 11 in the target direction is greater than or equal to 0.1mm, and less than or equal to 1 mm. The target direction is perpendicular to the target plate surface. The bypass device 11 in this size may be disposed not only between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19 but also in a flat configuration. At this time, if the distance between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19 is 1cm, a person skilled in the art may modify the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module to make the thickness of the photovoltaic module less than 1 cm.

In order to reduce the influence of the hot spot effect on the output power of the photovoltaic module 1, the size and shape of the bypass device 11 may be adjusted to reduce the space occupied by the bypass device 11 between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19.

For example: as shown in fig. 1, the bypass device 11 has a length of 3mm to 10mm, a width of 3mm to 10mm, a pin length of 5mm to 15mm, and a width of 3mm to 8 mm. At this time, the diameter of the through-hole 15 is 35mm to 100 mm. With this size, the bypass devices 11 can not only be taken out of the corresponding through holes, but also have a smaller lateral size, so that more bypass devices 11 are arranged between the first fixing plate 16 and the second fixing plate 19, thereby the photovoltaic module 1 generates less heat under the hot spot effect, has higher safety, and outputs higher-power photovoltaic current. In addition, when the thickness of the bypass device is greater than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 1mm, the structure of the whole bypass device is in a flat structure, which is beneficial to the development of thinning the photovoltaic module 1.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a solar photovoltaic system, including the photovoltaic module of above-mentioned embodiment description. The beneficial effects of the solar photovoltaic system can refer to the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module.

In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a plurality of strings of battery pieces, wherein the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are arranged oppositely, and the strings of battery pieces are arranged between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate and are connected in series;

the photovoltaic module further includes: a plurality of bypass devices; each bypass device is connected in parallel with the corresponding battery piece string;

the second fixing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the plate surface of the first fixing plate facing the second fixing plate is a target plate surface, and the orthographic projection of each through hole on the target plate surface covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding bypass device on the target plate surface.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of encapsulants; each of the packages is disposed in the corresponding through hole.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein each of the enclosures is a removable enclosure removably disposed within the respective through-hole.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 2 wherein each of said encapsulants is an encapsulant film.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 4, wherein the encapsulant film is a hot melt encapsulant film or a photolytic encapsulant film.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each string of the cells comprises a number of cells smaller than a first preset number, and/or wherein the number of the bypass devices is larger than a second preset number.

7. A photovoltaic module according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bypass device has a dimension in the target direction of greater than or equal to 0.1mm, less than or equal to 1 mm; the target direction is perpendicular to the target plate surface; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the bypass device is flat.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bypass device comprises a switching tube and a chip for controlling the switching tube to be turned on or off according to photovoltaic current.

9. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a plurality of pairs of bus bars; each pair of the bus bars is connected in parallel to the corresponding cell string, and each bypass device is electrically connected to the corresponding pair of the bus bars.

10. The photovoltaic module of claim 9, wherein each pair of the bus bars includes a first bus bar electrically connected to a first end of the corresponding string of cell pieces and a second bus bar electrically connected to a second end of the corresponding string of cell pieces, the first and second bus bars being electrically connected to the corresponding bypass device, respectively.

11. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an encapsulation glue filled between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, wherein the encapsulation glue encapsulates the plurality of strings of battery cells and the plurality of bypass devices; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and each bypass device is connected with the corresponding battery piece in series and parallel in a welding mode.

12. A solar photovoltaic system comprising the photovoltaic module of any one of claims 1-11.