CN106784096B - A kind of diode-built-in photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes, which is prepared by stacking and laminating glass layers, cell layers and backplane layers in sequence, wherein the cell layers are sequentially connected in series by multiple groups of cell units , the cell units are arranged in an array, and each group of the cell units is formed by connecting multiple photovoltaic cells in series, and the photovoltaic cells in each group of cell units are arranged in an array; each group of Each column of photovoltaic cells in the cell unit group has a current input terminal and a current output terminal, and the distance between the current input terminals and current output terminals of two adjacent columns of photovoltaic cells in each group of the cell unit group is Connect a bypass diode within the unit. The invention provides a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes. The diodes are built in, so not only greatly saves the material used for the wire box, but also reduces the volume of the wire box, is beautiful, convenient for transportation, and has low production and material costs.

Description

A built-in diode photovoltaic module

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, in particular to a highly integrated photovoltaic module with built-in diodes that reduces the volume of solar modules and junction boxes and reduces production costs.

Background technique

Solar power is sustainable and non-polluting, and as a green energy, it is increasingly valued. A single solar cell cannot be directly used as a power source. To be used as a power source, several single cells must be connected in series or in parallel and tightly packed into components. Photovoltaic modules (also called solar panels) are the core part of the solar power generation system and the most important part of the solar power generation system. Its function is to convert the solar energy into electrical energy, and store it in the storage battery, or push the load to work. How to improve the efficiency and power of photovoltaic modules and reduce production costs has become a major issue in the development of the photovoltaic industry. High-efficiency components have always been the research and development direction of photovoltaic crystalline silicon components. The output power of photovoltaic crystalline silicon components is related to the intensity of light incident on the surface of the cell. Improving the use of light can effectively increase the output power of components.

In the junction box used by photovoltaic modules in the prior art, no matter whether it is a split junction box or a single junction box, the diodes are placed in the junction box. Such a structure leads to a bulky junction box, a lot of materials used, and a waste of cost. And because the diode is in the junction box, it is not conducive to heat dissipation. Although there have been photovoltaic module structures in which the diodes are not in the wire box, there are still defects in the structure.

In order to solve the above problems, Chinese patent CN102751358A discloses a built-in diode solar module, which includes a light-transmitting glass substrate, a solar cell array composed of solar cells and a back plate, and the solar cell array is sealed by a resin material Between the glass substrate and the back plate, the adjacent solar cells of each column are electrically connected by leads, and it is characterized in that: the solar cells of each column are connected in series, and the output terminals of each column of solar cells are connected in series. SMD diodes are connected between them. The technical solution disclosed in the modified invention patent uses a chip diode. Although the diode is built into the interior of the photovoltaic module, when the diode is damaged and needs to be replaced, the entire backplane or glass plate needs to be opened for replacement, which is easy to damage the module and difficult to replace. .

Therefore, Chinese patent CN106026905A discloses a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes, including a front glass plate, a solar cell array, a back plate and a wire box arranged on the back plate, and the solar cell array includes several solar cell strings connected in series, It is characterized in that there are diodes connected between the two battery strings that need to be bypassed; a section of bus bar is pre-welded on the positive and negative poles of the diodes, and one of the poles that needs to be connected to the junction box is pre-welded longer When the components are stacked, the diodes with the bus bars pre-welded are connected between the two battery strings that need to be bypassed according to the polarity; the longer bus bars are pre-welded at one end, and the longer bus bars are pre-welded. Part of the bus bar is folded and led out of the assembly for connection with the positive/negative pole of the line box; an opening is set at the back plate corresponding to the position of the diode; the bus bar drawn out after the diode is folded is led out from the opening; The wire box is arranged on the opening for sealing the opening. The invention patent directly builds the diode into the component through the bus bar pre-welded on the positive and negative electrodes of the diode; at the same time, the bus bar at one end of the diode is folded out, and an opening is made on the back plate or back glass. One end of the diode is connected to the wire box, and the wire box is positioned just enough to cover the opening. In this way, if the diode is damaged in the future, you only need to remove the wire box, dig out the silicone and EVA, and replace the diode, and then install the wire box. However, the technical solution disclosed in the invention patent has serious output power loss of photovoltaic modules.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a highly integrated photovoltaic module with built-in diodes that reduces the volume of solar modules and junction boxes and reduces production costs.

A built-in diode photovoltaic module provided by the present invention is prepared by stacking and laminating glass layers, cell layers and backplane layers in sequence, wherein the cell layers are formed by serially connecting multiple groups of cell units , the cell units are arranged in an array, and each group of the cell units is formed by connecting multiple photovoltaic cells in series, and the photovoltaic cells in each group of cell units are arranged in an array; each group of Each column of photovoltaic cells in the cell unit group has a current input terminal and a current output terminal, and the distance between the current input terminals and current output terminals of two adjacent columns of photovoltaic cells in each group of the cell unit group is Connect a bypass diode in the unit group, the negative pole of the bypass diode in the unit group is connected to the current input terminal of a row of the photovoltaic cells, and the anode is connected to the current output terminal of the photovoltaic cells in the adjacent row; Between the glass layer and the battery sheet, except for the bypass diode in the unit group, it is bonded by EVA film; between the battery sheet and the back plate layer, except for the side of the unit group The road diodes are bonded by EVA adhesive film, the bypass diodes in the unit group are not bonded in the EVA adhesive film, and inspection holes are opened on the backplane layer corresponding to the bypass diodes in the unit group; The side of the glass layer facing the cell layer is pasted with a reflective film layer, the backplane layer is facing the side of the cell layer, and the reflective film layer is pasted at the gap between the cells.

In some embodiments, an inter-unit bypass diode is connected between two adjacent battery chip unit groups, and the cathode of the inter-unit bypass diode is connected to the outermost column of a group of battery chip unit groups. The current input terminals of the photovoltaic cells are connected, and the positive electrode is connected to the current output terminals of the photovoltaic cells in the outermost column on the adjacent side in the adjacent battery cell unit group.

In some embodiments, the inter-unit bypass diodes are not bonded in the EVA adhesive film, and an inspection hole is opened on the backplane layer corresponding to the inter-unit bypass diodes.

In some embodiments, the battery sheet has a total current input terminal and a total current output terminal, a photovoltaic module bypass diode is connected between the total current input terminal and the total current output terminal, and the photovoltaic module is bypassed The anode of the bypass diode is connected to the total current output terminal, and the cathode of the bypass diode of the photovoltaic module is connected to the total current input terminal.

In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module bypass diode is not bonded in the EVA adhesive film, and a manhole is opened on the back plate layer corresponding to the photovoltaic module bypass diode.

In some embodiments, the total current input terminal and the total current output terminal are respectively connected to a junction box, and the junction box is located on the back of the backplane layer and corresponds to the inspection hole of the bypass diode of the photovoltaic module. The inspection holes of the bypass diodes in the unit group and the bypass diodes between the unit groups are covered by inspection covers.

In some embodiments, an insulating resin spacer is respectively placed on both sides of each of the bypass diodes in the unit group, the bypass diodes between the unit groups, and the bypass diodes of the photovoltaic module, and the insulating resin pads Blocks are respectively located between the battery sheet layer and the glass layer, and between the battery sheet layer and the back plate layer, and the insulating resin spacer is connected to the EVA adhesive film.

In some embodiments, one side of the reflective film layer is covered with pyramidal grooves, and the pyramidal grooves are arranged in a row.

In some embodiments, there are pyramid grooves in the reflective film layer between the glass layer and the battery sheet layer, and in the reflective film layer between the battery sheet layer and the back plate layer One side faces the battery sheet.

In some embodiments, the outer surface of the glass layer is coated with an antireflection film layer.

Compared with the prior art, a built-in diode photovoltaic module provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The built-in diode photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, since the diode is built-in, there is no need to reserve a place for placing the diode in the wire box, so it not only greatly saves the material of the wire box, but also reduces the volume of the wire box, which is beautiful and The transportation is convenient, and the production and material costs are low.

2. A photovoltaic module with built-in diodes provided by the present invention, by grouping photovoltaic cells, connecting diodes in two adjacent columns in each group, and connecting diodes between adjacent two groups, and connecting diodes between the total input and output terminals Diodes are connected between the photovoltaic cells so that the output power loss of the photovoltaic cell is minimal.

3. In the photovoltaic module with built-in diodes provided by the present invention, each diode is not bonded in the EVA film, and the backplane layer is provided with an inspection port at each diode, so that when the diode is damaged, it is convenient to directly replace the diode.

4. The built-in diode photovoltaic module provided by the present invention can be replaced with the corresponding diode by opening the maintenance cover on the backplane layer and taking out the insulating pad during maintenance, which is convenient and quick without cutting and digging out the EVA film .

5. In the built-in diode photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, both sides of the battery sheet are covered with reflective film layers, which improves the retention rate of sunlight in the battery sheet, and then improves the energy conversion rate.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a built-in diode photovoltaic module disclosed in the present invention;

Figure 2 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of photovoltaic cells and diodes in a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 schematically shows a schematic view of the rear structure of a built-in diode photovoltaic module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the bypass diode 52 in the unit group in a built-in diode photovoltaic module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 schematically shows a schematic structural view of a reflective film in a built-in diode photovoltaic module disclosed by the present invention;

Figure 6 schematically shows the front view of the reflective film shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 7 schematically shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a cell sheet and reflective films on both sides of a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes disclosed in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below through examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

1 to 7 schematically show a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes disclosed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a built-in diode photovoltaic module disclosed in the present invention is prepared by sequentially stacking and laminating a glass layer 1 , a cell layer 5 and a back sheet layer 4 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in this embodiment of the present invention, the battery sheet layer 5 is formed by serially connecting multiple sets of battery sheet unit groups 51, and the battery sheet unit groups 51 are arranged in an array, as Further preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, each set of cell unit groups 51 is sequentially connected in series by a plurality of photovoltaic cells 501, and the photovoltaic cells 501 in each group of cell unit groups 51 are arranged in the form of an array , in this embodiment of the present invention, for the convenience of understanding, the battery sheet layer 5 includes eight sets of battery sheet unit groups 51, and each group of battery sheet unit groups 51 includes six photovoltaic cell sheets 501 as an example for illustration, of course, and Not limited to the above-mentioned number of cell unit groups 51 and photovoltaic cells 501, in this embodiment of the present invention, six photovoltaic cells 501 in each group of cell units 51 are arranged in two rows, and eight groups of cells The unit groups 51 are arranged in four rows; as an inventive point in the present invention, in this embodiment of the present invention, each column of photovoltaic cells 501 in each group of cell unit groups 51 has a current input terminal and a current output A diode is connected between the current input terminal and the current output terminal of two adjacent rows of photovoltaic cells 501 in each battery slice unit group 51, and the diode is a bypass diode 52 in the unit group, wherein the bypass diode 52 in the unit group The negative pole of the diode 52 is connected to the current input end of a row of photovoltaic cell sheets 501, and the positive electrode is connected to the current output end of the photovoltaic cell sheet 501 of the adjacent column, as shown in Figure 2. In this embodiment of the present invention, each group of cells The six photovoltaic cells 501 in the cell unit group 51 are connected in series in sequence, therefore, there is a set of internal fractures 502 between the two columns of photovoltaic cells 501, and the bypass diodes 52 in the unit group are connected to the internal fractures of the two columns of photovoltaic cells 501 502, and its negative pole is connected to the current input terminal of one column of photovoltaic cells 501, and its positive pole is connected to the current output terminal of another column of photovoltaic cells 501.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment of the present invention, a diode is also connected between two adjacent battery slice unit groups 51, and the diode is an inter-unit bypass diode 53, as shown in FIG. 2 , the negative pole of the bypass diode 53 between the unit groups is connected to the current input terminal of the photovoltaic cells 501 in the outermost column of a battery unit group 51, and the positive pole is connected to the outermost column on the adjacent side in the adjacent battery unit group 51 The current output terminals of the photovoltaic cells 501 are connected; that is, as shown in FIG. There must also be a group of gaps 503 between 51, and the bypass diode 53 between the cell groups is connected to the gaps 503 between the two groups of battery unit groups 51, and its negative electrode is connected to the group of cell groups 51 at the gap 503 between the groups. The current input terminals of the innermost row of photovoltaic cells 501 are connected, and the anodes are connected with the current output terminals of the adjacent outermost row of photovoltaic cells 501 in the adjacent cell unit group 51 .

Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment of the present invention, the cell sheet 5 has a total current input terminal and a total current output terminal, and a photovoltaic module is connected between the total current input terminal and the total current output terminal The bypass diode 50, the anode of the photovoltaic module bypass diode 50 is connected to the total current output end, and the cathode of the photovoltaic module bypass diode 50 is connected to the total current input end.

As further preferred, as shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, in this embodiment of the present invention, between the glass layer 1 and the cell layer 5, except for the bypass diode 52 in the unit group, the bypass diode 53 between the unit group and Photovoltaic module bypass diode 50, other parts are bonded by EVA adhesive film 2, between the battery sheet layer 5 and the back plate layer 4, except for the bypass diode 52 in the unit group, the bypass diode 53 between the unit group and the side of the photovoltaic module The other parts are bonded by EVA adhesive film 2, that is, in this embodiment of the present invention, the bypass diode 52 in the unit group, the bypass diode 53 between the unit groups and the bypass diode 50 of the photovoltaic module are not bonded to the In the EVA adhesive film 2, there is an inspection chamber with the same size as the bypass diode 52 within the unit group, the bypass diode 53 between the unit groups and the bypass diode 50 of the photovoltaic module. In addition, as shown in Fig. 3, in this embodiment of the present invention, on the backplane layer 4, corresponding to the bypass diode 52 in the unit group, the bypass diode 53 between the unit group and the bypass diode 50 of the photovoltaic module, an inspection hole 41 is opened, as As shown in Figure 3, the total current input terminal and the total current output terminal are respectively connected to the junction box 6, the junction box 6 is located on the back of the backplane layer 4, and corresponds to the inspection hole 41 of the bypass diode 50 of the photovoltaic module, and the bypass in the unit group The inspection hole 41 of the diode 52 and the inter-unit bypass diode 53 is covered by an inspection cover 411 .

As further preferred, as shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, in this embodiment of the present invention, the bypass diode 52 in each unit group, the bypass diode 53 between unit groups and the bypass diode 50 of the photovoltaic module are on both sides An insulating resin spacer 54 is placed respectively, and the insulating resin spacer 54 is respectively located between the battery sheet layer 5 and the glass layer 1, and between the battery sheet layer 5 and the back plate layer 4, and the size of the insulating resin spacer 54 and the maintenance cavity The same, so the insulating resin spacer 54 is connected with the EVA film 2. During maintenance, lift the inspection cover 411 on the backplane layer 4, take out the insulating spacer 54, and replace the corresponding diode, which is convenient and quick without cutting and Dig out the EVA film.

Preferably, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, in a photovoltaic module with built-in diodes disclosed in the present invention, the side of the glass layer 1 facing the cell layer 5, that is, the lower surface of the glass layer 1 is pasted with a reflective film layer 3. In this embodiment of the present invention, one side of the reflective film layer 3 is covered with pyramidal grooves, and the pyramidal grooves are arranged in a row. That is, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, in this embodiment of the present invention, the reflective film layer 3 is located between the battery sheet 5 and the upper EVA adhesive film 2, and one side of the reflective film layer 3 is covered with pyramidal grooves, that is, the reflective film layer Layer 3 side surface is provided with some pyramidal structures, therefore, each pyramidal groove all has a high reverse groove 31, and in this embodiment of the present invention, pyramidal groove is arranged in an array, and above-mentioned high reverse groove The groove bottom tip of the groove 31 faces the glass layer 1 side. In this structure, the upper surface of the cell layer 5 is covered with a reflective film, and the reflective film on the upper surface of the cell layer is consistent with the deep embossed high-reflective structure on the lower surface of the glass layer, which helps to move from the cell layer to the The light reflected by the glass layer is reflected back to the battery sheet 5 again, so that more sunlight entering the module exists in the battery sheet 5 .

Preferably, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, in this embodiment of the present invention, the back sheet layer 4 faces the side of the battery sheet layer 5, and a reflective film layer 3 is pasted at the gap between the photovoltaic battery sheets 501, as shown in Fig. As shown, the reflective film layer 3 is located between the battery sheet 5 and the lower EVA film 2, and one side of the reflective film layer 3 is covered with pyramidal grooves, that is, there are several pyramid structures on the surface of the reflective film layer 3. Therefore, each The pyramidal grooves each have a high-reverse groove 31. In this embodiment of the present invention, the pyramidal grooves are uniformly arranged in an array, and the bottom and tip of the above-mentioned high-reverse grooves 31 face the side of the backplane layer 4. In this structure, the role of the reflective film on the lower surface of the battery sheet 5 is to reduce the light passing through the battery sheet 5, so that the light to be emitted from the battery sheet is reflected back to the battery sheet through the reflective film layer 3, so that the incident light More sunlight in the module exists in the battery sheet layer 5 .

As more preferably, as shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the glass layer 1 is coated with an anti-reflection film layer 12, and the anti-reflection film layer 12 allows most of the sunlight to pass through the glass layer 1, effectively Prevent reflections on the upper surface of the glass layer 1 .

The foregoing description shows and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention. As before, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, Modifications and circumstances, and can be modified within the scope of the inventive concept herein, through the above teachings or skill or knowledge in the relevant field. However, changes and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should all be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of diode-built-in photovoltaic module, overlapped successively through layer by glassy layer (1), battery lamella (5) and backsheet layer (4) Pressure is prepared, it is characterised in that the battery lamella (5) is sequentially connected in series by multigroup battery blade unit group (51) and formed, institute State battery blade unit group (51) to arrange into array format, battery blade unit group (51) passes through multi-disc photovoltaic cell described in every group (501) it is sequentially connected in series and forms, the photovoltaic cell (501) in every Battery pack blade unit group (51) arranges in an array manner；Often Each column photovoltaic cell (501) in the group battery blade unit group (51) is respectively provided with a current input terminal and an electric current is defeated Go out end, the current input terminal and electric current of the adjacent two row photovoltaic cell (501) described in every group in battery blade unit group (51) are defeated Go out between holding and connect a unit group internal bypass diode (52), described in the negative pole of the unit group internal bypass diode (52) and a row The current output terminal of the photovoltaic cell (501) of the current input terminal connection of photovoltaic cell (501), positive pole and adjacent column Connection；Between the glassy layer (1) and the battery lamella (5), except unit group internal bypass diode (52) place passes through EVA Glued membrane (2) bonds, between the battery lamella (5) and the backsheet layer (4), except unit group internal bypass diode (52) place Bonded by EVA adhesive film (2), the unit group internal bypass diode (52) is not glued in the EVA adhesive film (2), the back of the body Unit group internal bypass diode (52) place is corresponded on flaggy (4) and opens up manhole (41)；The glassy layer (1) is in face of described The one side of battery lamella (5) is pasted with reflexed light film (3), and the backsheet layer (4) faces the one side of the battery lamella (5), Photovoltaic cell (501) gap location is pasted with the reflexed light film (3), and the reflexed light film (3) is simultaneously covered with pyramid groove, The pyramid groove is arranged into entire column type；In reflexed light film (3) between the glassy layer (1) and the battery lamella (5), and In reflexed light film (3) between the battery lamella (5) and the backsheet layer (4), have the one of pyramid groove facing to the electricity Pond lamella (5)；Bypass diode (53) between a unit group, the list are connected between battery blade unit group (51) described in two adjacent groups The photovoltaic electric that the interior outermost one of battery blade unit group (51) described in the negative pole of bypass diode (53) and one group arranges between tuple The current input terminal connection of pond piece (501), positive pole arrange with the interior sides adjacent outermost one of battery blade unit group (51) described in adjacent sets The photovoltaic cell (501) current output terminal connection.

2. a kind of diode-built-in photovoltaic module according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bypass two between the unit group Pole pipe (53) is not glued in the EVA adhesive film (2), and bypass diode between the unit group is corresponded on the backsheet layer (4) (53) place opens up manhole (41).

A kind of 3. diode-built-in photovoltaic module according to claim 2, it is characterised in that battery lamella (5) tool There are a total current input and a total current output end, a light is connected between the total current input and total current output end Component bypass diode (50) is lied prostrate, the positive pole of the photovoltaic module bypass diode (50) is connected with the total current output end, The negative pole of the photovoltaic module bypass diode (50) is connected with the total current input.

A kind of 4. diode-built-in photovoltaic module according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the photovoltaic module bypass two Pole pipe (50) is not glued in the EVA adhesive film (2), and the photovoltaic module bypass diode is corresponded on the backsheet layer (4) (50) place opens up manhole (41).

A kind of 5. diode-built-in photovoltaic module according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the total current input and Total current output end is respectively connecting to terminal box (6), and the terminal box (6) is located at the backsheet layer (4) back side, and described in correspondence Manhole (41) place of photovoltaic module bypass diode (50), between the unit group internal bypass diode (52) and the unit group Manhole (41) place of bypass diode (53) is covered by access cover (411).

6. a kind of diode-built-in photovoltaic module according to claim 4, it is characterised in that other in each unit group Bypass diode (53) and the photovoltaic module bypass diode (50) both sides are respectively between road diode (52), the unit group Pad sets an insulating resin cushion block (54), and the insulating resin cushion block (54) is respectively positioned at the battery lamella (5) and the glass Between layer (1), and between the battery lamella (5) and the backsheet layer (4), the insulating resin cushion block (54) and the EVA Glued membrane (2) is connected.

A kind of 7. diode-built-in photovoltaic module according to claim 1, it is characterised in that glassy layer (1) appearance Face is coated with antireflection film layer (12).