CN212129702U - Ecological roof for building sponge city - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological roof for building sponge city, which comprises a vegetable layer, a mixed soil layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom inside a surrounding structure, wherein a first water drainage flower pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer, a second water drainage flower pipe is embedded in the gravel layer, a water permeable geotextile is arranged between the mixed soil layer and the gravel layer, and a waterproof puncture-proof layer is arranged below the gravel layer; a water storage tank is additionally arranged, the first water discharge floral tube is connected with a water outlet pipe of the water storage tank, the second water discharge floral tube is connected with a water inlet pipe of the water storage tank, and a water suction pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe; the wind-proof assembly is additionally arranged and comprises a plurality of wind-proof pieces which are parallel to each other, the two ends of each wind-proof piece are detachably fixed to the tops of any two opposite side edges of the surrounding and blocking structure, and the wind-proof pieces are pressed on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer. In addition, a windproof net can be arranged in the mixed soil layer and the gravel layer. This ecological roof has realized that the rainwater is synthesized to be stored and has utilized, avoids plant roots to damage the roof and causes and leak, avoids vegetation and soil to be blown.

Description

Ecological roof for building sponge city

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the sponge city, especially an ecological roof for sponge city.

Background

The sponge city is a new generation of city rainfall flood management concept, and refers to a city which can be like a sponge and has good elasticity in the aspects of adapting to environmental changes, coping with natural disasters caused by rainwater and the like, and the city can also be called as a water elasticity city. The international general term is 'low-impact development of rainwater system construction', water absorption, water storage, water seepage and water purification are carried out when raining, and the stored water is released and utilized when needed, so that rainwater can freely migrate in cities. At present, some sponge cities can plant and green on the roof of a house, so that the environment is beautified, and the water storage capacity of plants and soil can be utilized; meanwhile, a water storage and circulation device is arranged on the roof, so that rainwater is fully collected and utilized to realize automatic irrigation of roof greening plants, and the greening coverage area of a city is increased.

In the prior art, for example, granted patent CN208502025U provides an ecological roof in a sponge city, by providing a planting layer on the roof, an irrigation mechanism and a water collection tank are respectively provided above and below the planting layer, and the water in the water collection tank is pumped by a water pumping power member to irrigate the planting layer. However, the device is too simple, soil and plants on the roof are easily blown by wind to cause serious damage in certain windy days, and in addition, the plants on the planting layer easily generate a puncturing effect on the surface of the roof along with the downward growth of the roots of the plants in the soil, so that the waterproofness and the mechanical property of the roof are influenced. For another example, patent CN110710414A provides a wind-proof fixing device for greening building roof, which realizes wind-proof fixing of plants by arranging horizontal and diagonal support frames on the ground and stainless steel net pads under the ground, but it is difficult to secure soft soil on the roof.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides an ecological roof for sponge city realizes through following technical scheme.

An ecological roof for a sponge city comprises a roof base layer, wherein a surrounding structure is fixedly arranged on the periphery above the roof base layer, the inside of the surrounding structure comprises a vegetable layer, a mixed soil layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom, a plurality of first drainage floral tubes are arranged on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer, a plurality of second drainage floral tubes are embedded in the gravel layer, a permeable geotextile is arranged between the mixed soil layer and the gravel layer, and a waterproof puncture-proof layer is arranged below the gravel layer;

a water storage tank is additionally arranged, a plurality of first water discharge floral tubes are connected with a water outlet pipe of the water storage tank, a plurality of second water discharge floral tubes are connected with a water inlet pipe of the water storage tank, and a water suction pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe;

and the wind prevention assembly is additionally arranged and comprises a plurality of strip-shaped wind prevention pieces which are parallel to each other, the two ends of each wind prevention piece are detachably fixed at the tops of any two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure, and the wind prevention pieces are pressed on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer.

The working principle of the ecological roof is as follows: the surrounding structure is built around the roof base layer, and can be a cement brick wall or other composite metal plates similar to doors and windows. Then, a waterproof and puncture-proof layer, a gravel layer and a mixed soil layer are respectively paved in the enclosure structure from bottom to top, and various plants are planted in the mixed soil layer to form a vegetation layer. Set up the geotechnological cloth that permeates water between gravel layer and mixed soil layer, bury the second drainage floral tube underground in the gravel layer, mixed soil layer upper surface is equipped with first drainage floral tube, and mixed soil layer upper surface still sets up prevent wind the piece, prevent wind a both ends and fix on enclosing the fender structure. The second water discharge floral tube, the first water discharge floral tube, the water pump and the reservoir form a waterway circulation; after the rainfall permeates into the mixed soil layer, the rainfall is removed and absorbed by the plants and is intercepted by the mixed soil layer, the residual rainwater continues to be filtered and infiltrated in the mixed soil layer, passes through the permeable geotextile, is filtered by the gravel layer, flows into the pipe from the small hole on the surface of the second drainage floral pipe, and finally flows into the reservoir through the water inlet pipe for storage. When meeting long-term drought, during the plant lacks water, the water of cistern is taken out to the suction pump after starting, flows into in the first drainage floral tube through the outlet pipe to in dripping into mixed soil layer from the aperture of first drainage floral tube, guarantee the plant normal growth. The windproof pieces are strip-shaped (such as waterproof strips or waterproof plates) and are parallel to each other and pressed on the mixed soil layer, so that the planting soil of the mixed soil layer can be prevented from being blown away by strong wind and losing in windy weather.

The mixed soil layer selects soil components suitable for plant growth, can be reasonably prepared according to actual use requirements, and is generally 75-150mm thick. The gravel layer can adopt a plurality of layers of gravels with different grain size grading, and the total thickness is generally 100-150 mm. The first drainage floral tube and the second drainage floral tube are pipelines with a plurality of through holes on tube walls, belong to common tubes in the market, and can be stainless steel tubes, plastic tubes and the like. The permeable geotextile is used as a common material and a laying method in the market, can not only permeate water, but also prevent planting soil in a mixed soil layer from permeating into a gravel layer, such as a reverse filter geotextile used in an issued patent CN 208708256U. The waterproof and anti-puncturing layer adopts common materials and laying methods in the market at present, such as root-resistant waterproof coiled materials provided by granted patent CN208220006U, and the like, and mainly aims to prevent the problems of roof water leakage and the like caused by the fact that roots of plants penetrate through a roof base layer. The windproof piece is in a strip shape and is made of materials which are not easy to damage and deform, such as stainless steel, plastics and the like.

Preferably, enclose two arbitrary relative side tops of fender structure and vertically be equipped with one row of first jack respectively, it is equipped with one row of second jack respectively to enclose two relative sides of fender structure level respectively, every the second jack corresponds 1 of intercommunication first jack, prevent wind the vertical downward bending in both ends of piece, prevent wind the both ends of piece and be equipped with the third jack, prevent wind the both ends of piece and insert respectively downwards enclose in 2 first jacks that two relative side tops of fender structure correspond, establish the bolt in addition and follow the second jack inserts and pass the third jack.

Above-mentioned preferred scheme belongs to and prevent wind the subassembly and can dismantle the connection and enclose a concrete scheme at fender structure top, will prevent wind the vertical downward buckling in both ends of piece and punch at the end (third jack), from enclosing fender structure top, insert respectively and enclose in the first jack at two relative side tops of fender structure, then insert the second jack and pass the third jack with the bolt from third jack level, thereby will prevent wind the piece and fix and enclose fender structure top, push down mixed soil layer effectively, prevent that the plant from jointly planting soil and being blown by strong wind.

Preferably, enclose two arbitrary relative side tops of fender structure and be equipped with the spout respectively, establish in addition a plurality of by spacing gliding sliders in the spout, every be equipped with vertically on the slider and be equipped with the screw thread through-hole, establish in addition that the fixed pin of surface screw thread is rotatory inserts and passes the screw thread through-hole, the both ends detachably of preventing wind the piece connects on the slider.

The preferable scheme belongs to another specific scheme that the windproof component is detachably connected to the top of the enclosure structure, the tops of two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure are provided with a sliding block and a sliding groove, the sliding groove is in an inverted T shape, the sliding block is provided with a threaded through hole, and after the fixing pin is rotatably inserted into and penetrates through the threaded through hole, the fixing pin continues to rotate, so that the tail end of the fixing pin starts to abut against the bottom surface of the sliding groove downwards; and continuously and forcibly rotating the fixing pin to tightly combine the tail end of the fixing pin with the bottom surface of the sliding chute, and finally fixing the sliding block on the sliding chute. The both ends of preventing wind piece can be dismantled with the slider and be connected, and the detachable mode adopts the common mode of punching and bolt promptly, or any mode that can realize dismantling the connection such as the common annular hoop or buckle structure on the market is fixed, for example fixed buckle on the granted patent CN 205469298U.

Preferably, prevent wind subassembly still includes prevent wind net, prevent wind net water tiling establish mix soil layer and gravel layer in, prevent wind net around with enclose fender structure fixed connection. The windproof net is horizontally embedded in the mixed soil layer and the gravel layer, is fixedly connected with the roof base layer at the periphery, is integrated with the mixed soil layer and the gravel layer, and is further prevented from being blown up by strong wind. Meanwhile, the roots of the plants grow downwards and can penetrate through the windproof net or be wound on the windproof net, and the effect of fixing soil by the plants is effectively improved. The windproof net and the roof substrate can also be fixedly connected in a detachable mode, such as a bolt fixing mode and the like.

More preferably, neither the windproof net located in the mixed soil layer nor the windproof net located in the gravel layer is less than 2 layers. The appropriate number of windproof nets can be selected to improve the whole strength of the ecological roof and resist wind power of a larger grade.

Further preferably, the upper and lower adjacent windproof nets are fixedly connected through iron wires.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: by designing the first drainage perforated pipe and the second drainage perforated pipe, the rainwater is effectively collected and comprehensively stored and utilized; by arranging the waterproof and puncture-proof layer, the water leakage caused by the damage of the plant root system to the roof structure is avoided; the wind-proof component is arranged to ensure the stability of the ecological roof under large wind power, and vegetation and soil are prevented from being blown.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an ecological roof for a sponge city according to example 1;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the ecological roof for a sponge city according to example 1;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of the enclosure structure for an ecological roof of a sponge city according to example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3 at A;

fig. 5 is a sectional view of the containment structure for an ecological roof of a sponge city according to example 2 (vegetation layer not shown);

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 5 at B;

in the figure: 1. a roof substrate; 2. a fence structure; 3. a vegetable layer; 4. mixing the soil layers; 5. a gravel layer; 6. a first water discharge floral tube; 7. a second water discharge floral tube; 8. water-permeable geotextile; 9. a waterproof puncture-resistant layer; 10. a reservoir; 11. a water outlet pipe; 12. a water inlet pipe; 13. a water pump; 14. a windbreak bar; 15. a first jack; 16. a second jack; 17. a third jack; 18. a bolt; 19. a chute; 20. a slider; 21. a threaded through hole; 22. a fixing pin; 23. a windproof net.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments in this patent will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments, of this patent. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the patent without making creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the patent.

In the description of this patent, it is noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the patent and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the patent. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of this patent, it is noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "communicating" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. It is to be noted that all the figures are exemplary representations. The meaning of the above terms in this patent may be specifically understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The patent is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, the ecological roof for a sponge city provided in this embodiment includes a roof base layer 1, a barrier structure 2 is fixedly disposed around the roof base layer 1, the barrier structure 2 includes, from top to bottom, a vegetation layer 3, a mixed soil layer 4, and a gravel layer 5, a plurality of first drainage floral tubes 6 are disposed on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer 4, a plurality of second drainage floral tubes 7 are embedded in the gravel layer 5, a water-permeable geotextile 8 is disposed between the mixed soil layer 4 and the gravel layer 5, and a waterproof and puncture-proof layer 9 is disposed below the gravel layer 5;

a water storage tank 10 is additionally arranged, a plurality of first water discharge floral tubes 6 are connected with a water outlet pipe 11 of the water storage tank 10, the vacant ends of the first water discharge floral tubes 6 are sealed, a plurality of second water discharge floral tubes 7 extend out from the side surface of the enclosure structure 2 and are connected with a water inlet pipe 12 of the water storage tank 10, and a water suction pump 13 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 11;

the wind-proof assembly is additionally arranged and comprises a plurality of long-strip-shaped wind-proof rods 14 which are parallel to each other, the two ends of each wind-proof rod 14 are detachably fixed to the tops of any two opposite side edges of the surrounding and blocking structure 2, and the wind-proof rods 14 are pressed on the surface of the mixed soil layer 4.

The two ends of the windproof rod 14 are detachably fixed in the following modes: enclose two arbitrary relative side tops of fender structure 2 and vertically be equipped with one row of first jack 15 respectively, enclose two relative sides of fender structure 2 and horizontally be equipped with one row of second jack 16 respectively, every second jack 16 corresponds 1 intercommunication first jack 15, prevent wind the vertical downward buckling in both ends of pole 14, the both ends of preventing wind pole 14 are equipped with third jack 17, prevent wind the both ends of pole 14 and insert downwards respectively enclose 2 first jacks 15 that two relative side tops of fender structure 2 correspond, establish bolt 18 follow in addition second jack 16 inserts and pass third jack 17.

The working principle of the ecological roof is as follows: the surrounding structure 2 is built around the roof base layer 1, and the surrounding structure 2 can be a cement brick wall or other composite metal plates similar to doors and windows. Lay waterproof puncture-proof layer 9, gravel layer 5, mixed soil layer 4 respectively from bottom to top in enclosing fender structure 2, various plants formation vegetable layer 3 are planted in mixed soil layer 4. Set up the geotechnological cloth 8 that permeates water between gravel layer 5 and mixed soil layer 4, bury second drainage floral tube 7 underground in gravel layer 5, mix 4 surfaces of soil layer and pass through the fixed first drainage floral tube 6 that is equipped with of support, mix 4 surfaces of soil layer and still set up prevent wind pole 14, prevent wind pole 14 both ends and fix on enclosing fender structure 2. The second water discharge floral tube 7, the first water discharge floral tube 6, the water pump 13 and the reservoir 10 form a waterway circulation; after the rainfall permeates into the mixed soil layer 4, the rainfall is removed and absorbed by the plants and is intercepted by the mixed soil layer 4, the residual rainwater continues to be filtered and infiltrated in the mixed soil layer 4, passes through the permeable geotextile 8, is filtered by the gravel layer 5, flows into the pipe from the small holes on the surface of the second drainage floral pipe 7, and finally flows into the reservoir 10 through the water inlet pipe 12 for storage. When the plants run dry for a long time and lack of water, the water in the reservoir 10 is pumped out after the water pump 13 is started, flows into the first water discharge floral tube 6 through the water outlet pipe 11, and is dripped into the mixed soil layer 4 from the small hole of the first water discharge floral tube 6, so that the normal growth of the plants is ensured. The windproof rods 14 are parallel to each other and pressed on the mixed soil layer 4, so that the planting soil of the mixed soil layer 4 can be prevented from being blown up and lost by strong wind in windy weather.

The working principle of the detachable fixation of the windproof rod 14 is as follows: the two ends of the windproof rod 14 are vertically bent downwards and are perforated at the tail ends (third jacks), the windproof structure is inserted into the first jacks 15 at the tops of the two opposite side edges of the windproof structure 2 from the upper side of the windproof structure 2, and then the bolts 18 are horizontally inserted into the second jacks 16 from the third jacks 1 and penetrate through the third jacks 17, so that the windproof rod 14 is fixed above the windproof structure 2, the mixed soil layer 4 is effectively pressed, and the plant together with the planting soil is prevented from being blown up by strong wind.

The mixed soil layer 4 is made of soil components suitable for plant growth, can be reasonably prepared according to actual use requirements, and is generally 75-150mm thick. The gravel layer 5 can adopt a plurality of layers of gravels with different grain size grading, and the total thickness is generally 100-150 mm. The first drainage floral tube 6 and the second drainage floral tube 7 are pipelines with a plurality of through holes on the tube walls, belong to common tubes in the market, and can be stainless steel tubes, plastic tubes and the like. The permeable geotextile 8 is a common material and a laying method in the market, and can not only permeate water, but also prevent planting soil in a mixed soil layer from permeating into a gravel layer, such as a reverse filter geotextile used in an issued patent CN 208708256U. The waterproof and anti-puncture layer 9 is made of materials and laying methods commonly available in the market at present, such as a root-puncture resistant waterproof roll material provided by granted patent CN208220006U, and mainly has the function of preventing the root of a plant from penetrating through a roof base layer to cause the problem of roof water leakage and the like. The windproof rod 14 is in a long strip shape and is made of a material which is not easy to break and deform, such as stainless steel, plastic and the like.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the ecological roof for a sponge city provided by this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

1. the two ends of the windproof rod 14 are detachably fixed in the following modes: the top of any two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure 2 is respectively provided with an inverted T-shaped sliding groove 19, a plurality of sliding blocks 20 sliding in the sliding grooves 19 are additionally arranged, each sliding block 20 is vertically provided with a threaded through hole 21, a fixing pin 22 with threads on the surface is additionally arranged, the fixing pin is rotatably inserted into and penetrates through the threaded through hole 21, the tail end of the fixing pin 22 abuts against the bottom surface of the sliding groove 19, and two ends of the windproof rod 14 are detachably connected to the sliding blocks 20;

2. the windproof component further comprises a windproof net 23, the windproof net 23 is horizontally laid in the mixed soil layer 4 and the gravel layer 5, and the periphery of the windproof net 23 is fixedly connected with the enclosure structure 2.

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the way that the windproof rods 14 are fixed on the top of the enclosure structure 2, and the addition of the windproof net 23, both of which function to further prevent the mixed soil layer 4 and vegetation layer 3 of the ecological roof from being blown up by strong wind.

The above embodiments describe the implementation of the present invention in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the claims and the technical idea of the present invention, various simple modifications and changes can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An ecological roof for building a sponge city comprises a roof base layer, wherein a surrounding structure is fixedly arranged on the periphery above the roof base layer, and the ecological roof is characterized in that the surrounding structure comprises a vegetable layer, a mixed soil layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom, a plurality of first drainage flower pipes are arranged on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer, a plurality of second drainage flower pipes are embedded in the gravel layer, a water-permeable geotextile is arranged between the mixed soil layer and the gravel layer, and a waterproof and puncture-proof layer is arranged below the gravel layer;

a water storage tank is additionally arranged, a plurality of first water discharge floral tubes are connected with a water outlet pipe of the water storage tank, a plurality of second water discharge floral tubes are connected with a water inlet pipe of the water storage tank, and a water suction pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe;

and the wind prevention assembly is additionally arranged and comprises a plurality of strip-shaped wind prevention pieces which are parallel to each other, the two ends of each wind prevention piece are detachably fixed at the tops of any two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure, and the wind prevention pieces are pressed on the upper surface of the mixed soil layer.

2. The ecological roof for building the sponge city according to claim 1, wherein a row of first insertion holes are vertically formed at the top of each of two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure, a row of second insertion holes are horizontally formed at each of two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure, each of the second insertion holes is correspondingly communicated with 1 first insertion hole, two ends of the windproof piece are vertically bent downwards, two ends of the windproof piece are provided with third insertion holes, two ends of the windproof piece are downwards inserted into 2 first insertion holes corresponding to the top of each of the two opposite side edges of the enclosure structure, and a bolt is inserted into the third insertion holes from the second insertion holes and penetrates through the third insertion holes.

3. The ecological roof for building the sponge city according to claim 1, wherein the top of any two opposite sides of the enclosure structure are respectively provided with a sliding groove, a plurality of sliding blocks are limited in the sliding groove to slide, each sliding block is provided with a threaded through hole, a fixing pin with threads on the surface is arranged on each sliding block to be inserted into and pass through the threaded through hole in a rotating manner, and two ends of the windproof piece are detachably connected to the sliding blocks.

4. The ecological roof for constructing a sponge city according to claim 1, wherein the windproof component further comprises a windproof net horizontally laid in the mixed soil layer and gravel layer, and the periphery of the windproof net is fixedly connected with the enclosure structure.

5. The ecological roof for constructing a sponge city according to claim 4, characterized in that the windproof nets located on the mixed soil layer and the windproof nets located on the gravel layer are not less than 2 layers.

6. The ecological roof for constructing a sponge city according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the upper and lower adjacent windproof nets are fixedly connected by iron wires.

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