CN212102689U - Device that rural living beings pyrolysis carbon production and heat integrated - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device that rural living beings pyrolysis carbon production and heat integrated. The device mainly comprises a crusher, a dryer, a compression granulator, an even feeder, a pyrolysis furnace, an adjusting tank, a carbon rod compressor, a carbon rod drying chamber, a waste heat boiler, a tail gas purification device and the like. The utility model discloses with integrated an organic whole such as breakage, drying, compression miniaturation, interior hot type pyrolysis, carbon rod compression, steam utilization, mainly through the integrated technology that hot type pyrolysis is the core in the living beings, turn into biomass charcoal grain or carbon rod, high-pressure steam or electricity etc. of high quality to different kinds of rural living beings, tail gas is outer row up to standard through purifier treatment. The utility model discloses not only provide a technical route that integrates for rural living beings's high-quality, high value utilization, also provide optional alternative route for the material supply problem that biomass incineration power generation faces and secondary pollution problem, rural biomass industry's economic benefits and environmental benefit show the promotion, have promoted novel urbanization construction effectively.

Description

Device that rural living beings pyrolysis carbon production and heat integrated

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rural living beings energy, in particular to device that charcoal and thermal integration were produced in rural living beings pyrolysis.

Background

Along with the improvement of living standard and the development of urbanization, the aggravation of environmental pollution such as haze and the improvement of environmental standard, the rural biomass with rich resources is not effectively utilized due to the lack of a reasonable absorption way, and becomes the treatment burden of farmers, and the phenomena of local burning, random accumulation and the like of the rural biomass such as straws and the like are increasingly serious, so that resource waste and rural environmental pollution are caused. In recent years, energy structure adjustment, gas change from coal, electricity change from coal and the like cause energy shortage of gas, electricity and the like and the characteristic of dispersibility in rural areas, and are difficult to popularize and develop in rural areas substantially. As direct-fired power generation for rural biomass energy regeneration, the biomass in rural areas in China is dispersive, low in energy density, large in required collection radiation radius, long in transportation distance and the like, so that the biomass in an incineration power plant is in shortage and is damaged. Compared with biomass pyrolysis gasification, the direct-fired power generation of biomass has the advantages of relatively large environmental pollution, single energy source, low quality and unsuitability for urbanization development.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a solve the above-mentioned problem that exists, provide reasonable ways of consuming for rural living beings high-quality effective utilization, a device that rural living beings pyrolysis product charcoal and heat integrate is proposed, with crushing, drying, compression granulation, pyrolysis, carbon rod compression, integration such as steam utilization and gas cleaning, through the integration technology that uses novel living beings internal heating formula pyrolysis as the core in suitable villages and small-size area, can convert rural living beings such as the moisture content is different, the size is different crop straw, the forestry remainder, agricultural product processing discarded object, animal manure excrement and urine into high-quality biomass charcoal or carbon rod and high-pressure steam or electricity, biomass charcoal can be used for farmland soil improvement, the carbon rod can replace the coal as the clean fuel of life, heating, barbecue etc., high-pressure steam or electricity are used for rural towns enterprise needs or peasant heating etc. in winter, an integrated technical route is provided for rural biomass export and high-quality and high-value utilization, a selectable alternative route is provided for the material supply problem and the secondary pollution problem of biomass incineration power generation, and a novel industry is provided for novel urbanization construction and rural economic development.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:

a device for producing carbon by pyrolysis of rural biomass and integrating heat comprises a feed hopper, a crusher, a dryer, a compression granulator, a uniform feeder, a pyrolysis furnace, an adjusting tank, a carbon rod compressor, a carbon rod drying chamber, a waste heat boiler, a tail gas purification device and a chimney;

conveying rural biomass to a crusher through a feed hopper, drying in a dryer after crushing, conveying dried materials with the water content of less than or equal to 25% to a compression granulator for granulation, and conveying formed biomass compressed particles to a pyrolysis furnace through a uniform feeder in a closed manner;

the biomass compressed particles are conveyed to a pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis furnace in a sealed mode through the uniform feeder for pyrolysis, biomass carbon particles and pyrolysis gas can be generated through pyrolysis, the carbon particles are directly sold as products or made into carbon rods for sale, the pyrolysis gas firstly enters the primary combustion chamber and then enters the secondary combustion chamber for combustion, a part of generated high-temperature flue gas enters the dryer at the front end after the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is adjusted to provide heat for drying of broken biomass, the rest of the high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat boiler, steam generated by the waste heat boiler is sold or supplied to the generator for power generation, and the tail gas is purified by the tail gas purification device and then discharged to the standard.

The pyrolysis furnace is an internally heated pyrolysis furnace integrating solid pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas combustion, the temperature of a pyrolysis chamber is controlled to be 350-fold 550 ℃, the temperature of an initial combustion chamber is controlled to be 700-fold 1000 ℃, and the temperature of a secondary combustion chamber is controlled to be 800-fold 1100 ℃.

The rural biomass comprises one of crop straws, forestry residues, agricultural product processing wastes and livestock and poultry manure.

The particle size of the biomass compressed particles is 2-8 mm.

The utility model discloses a device that rural living beings pyrolysis carbon production and heat integrated compares with prior art and has following characteristics and beneficial effect:

the utility model discloses an integrated technology that uses living beings internal heating formula pyrolysis as the core of suitable small-size region in villages and small-size town, trun into biomass charcoal or carbon-rod and combustible gas with rural living beings, trun into high-pressure steam or electricity etc. again, for rural living beings's high-quality, high value utilizes and provides an integrated technical route, also provide the alternative route for the material supply problem that biomass incineration power generation faces and secondary pollution problem, rural living beings industry is strong to scale and industrialization direction development's potential, make rural living beings industry's economic benefits and environmental benefit show and promote, novel urbanization construction has been promoted powerfully.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for producing carbon by pyrolysis and integrating heat for rural biomass in an embodiment of the present invention.

1 a feed hopper; 2, a crusher; 3, a dryer; 4 compressing the granulator; 5, uniformly feeding the material; 6, a pyrolysis furnace; 7, adjusting a groove; 8 carbon rod compressor; 9 carbon rod drying chamber; 10, a waste heat boiler; 11 a flue gas purification device; 12 chimney.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a device that rural living beings pyrolysis charing and heat integrated, it is right below to combine attached drawing and embodiment to carry out detailed, complete description to the device of the utility model discloses a specific implementation mode that describes only is the utility model discloses a part case, rather than whole example. All other examples obtained without inventive work by a person skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for producing charcoal and integrating heat by pyrolyzing rural biomass, including a feed hopper 1, a crusher 2, a dryer 3, a compression granulator 4, a uniform feeder 5, a pyrolysis furnace 6, an adjusting tank 7, a carbon rod compressor 8, a carbon rod drying chamber 9, a waste heat boiler 10, a tail gas purification device 11, and a chimney 12;

rural biomass is conveyed to a crusher 2 through a feed hopper 1, crushed and then dried in a dryer 3, flue gas required by the dryer 3 is high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of pyrolysis gas generated by a pyrolysis furnace 6, dried materials with the water content of less than or equal to 25% (generally, the water content can be below 15% after drying) are conveyed to a compression granulator 4 for granulation, and formed biomass compressed particles are sold as products or conveyed to the pyrolysis furnace 6 in a closed manner through an even feeder 5;

the biomass compressed particles are hermetically conveyed to a pyrolysis chamber A of a pyrolysis furnace 6 through a uniform feeder 5 for pyrolysis, biomass carbon particles and pyrolysis gas are generated through pyrolysis, the carbon particles can be directly sold as products or manufactured into carbon rods for sale, the pyrolysis gas firstly enters a primary combustion chamber B for combustion, heat generated through combustion is used for self-supply of heat required in the pyrolysis chamber A, smoke discharged from the primary combustion chamber B and unburned pyrolysis gas enter a secondary combustion chamber C for sufficient combustion, a part of the generated high-temperature smoke is adjusted in temperature and then enters a drying machine 3 at the front end to provide heat for drying of crushed biomass, and the rest of the generated high-temperature smoke enters a waste heat boiler 10;

the charcoal granules have wide application, can be used as soil improvement biochar such as carbon-based fertilizer, sewage adsorbent such as activated carbon and the like, and the charcoal rods can be used for multiple purposes such as barbecue charcoal or heating charcoal and the like;

the carbon rod is prepared by the following specific operations: the biomass carbon granules enter an adjusting groove 7, are ground and crushed, then enter a carbon rod compressor 8 after being added with a trace amount of biomass adhesive in proportion, and the prepared carbon rod is sent into a carbon rod drying chamber 9 for drying, forming and selling;

the biomass adhesive has wide sources, agricultural corn cob stems and stems thereof, beet fragments, sunflower stems, lignin, xylose and the like, starch, potatoes, sorghum flour, potatoes, water-insoluble carbohydrate and the like, and not only has better heat productivity, but also does not increase ash content of carbon rods. The addition is generally carried out according to the proportion of 2-4 percent.

The carbon rods can be designed into carbon rods with different sizes and different shapes according to actual requirements, tests show that the ash content of the carbon rods is less than or equal to 3%, the low calorific value of the carbon rods is more than or equal to 6500kcal/kg, and the like, and compared with the conventional carbon, the carbon rods have the advantages that the using effect is even better, and the size and the shape of the carbon rods can be flexibly designed.

Steam generated by the waste heat boiler 10 is sold or supplied to a generator for power generation, and tail gas is purified by the tail gas purification device 11 and then is discharged out through the chimney 12 after reaching the standard.

The pyrolysis furnace 6 is an internally heated pyrolysis furnace integrating solid pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas combustion, the internal combustion temperature of the pyrolysis chamber A is controlled to be 350-fold 550 ℃, the temperature of the initial combustion chamber B is controlled to be 700-fold 1000 ℃, the heat of the combustion of the initial combustion chamber is mainly used for providing heat for the pyrolysis chamber, and the temperature of the reburning chamber C is controlled to be 800-fold 1100 ℃. As the water content, the size and the like of biomass materials in different rural areas are different, the pyrolysis and combustion temperatures float to some extent, in general, the combustion temperature in the pyrolysis chamber A is controlled to be 500-.

The rural biomass comprises one or more of crop straws, forestry residues, agricultural product processing wastes, livestock and poultry manure and the like.

Crop stalks such as corn, cotton, and the like; forestry residues such as wood residues (such as sawdust, branches and the like), bamboo residues (bamboo branches, bamboo scraps and the like), herbaceous fruit residues (such as coconut shells, fruit shells and the like) and the like; agricultural product processing waste (such as corncob and rice hull) and the like.

The particle size of the biomass compressed particles is 2-8 mm.

The rural biomass resources are rich, but the environmental pollution problem is increasingly serious due to low dispersibility and energy density of the rural biomass and relatively large environmental pollution, so that the rural biomass resources become burdens on vast rural urbanized roads. The utility model provides a pair of rural living beings pyrolysis carbon production and heat integration's device provides reasonable way of dissolving for rural living beings high-quality effective utilization, and changing waste into valuables provides new way for rural biomass industry development.

Crushing, drying, compressing and granulating, pyrolyzing, carbon rod compressing, steam utilizing, flue gas purifying and the like are integrated into a whole, and rural biomass such as crop straws with different water contents and sizes, forestry residues, agricultural product processing wastes, livestock and poultry manure and the like can be converted into high-quality biomass carbon or carbon rods and high-pressure steam or electricity by an integration technology which is suitable for small villages and small towns and takes novel biomass internal heating type pyrolysis as a core; the biomass charcoal can be used for improving farmland soil; the carbon rod can replace coal to be used as clean fuel for life, heating, barbecue and the like; the high-pressure steam or electricity is used for heating in rural, rural and township enterprises or farmers in winter. An integrated technical route is provided for high-quality and high-value utilization of rural biomass, a selectable alternative route is provided for the material supply problem and the secondary pollution problem of biomass incineration power generation, and the rural biomass industry is strong in development towards large scale and industrialization direction, so that the economic benefit and the environmental benefit of the rural biomass industry are remarkably improved, and novel urbanization construction is powerfully promoted.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a device that rural living beings pyrolysis carbon production and heat integrated, its characterized in that: comprises a feed hopper (1), a crusher (2), a dryer (3), a compression granulator (4), a uniform feeder (5), a pyrolysis furnace (6), an adjusting tank (7), a carbon rod compressor (8), a carbon rod drying chamber (9), a waste heat boiler (10), a tail gas purification device (11) and a chimney (12);

rural biomass is conveyed to a crusher (2) through a feed hopper (1), crushed and then dried in a dryer (3), dried materials with the water content less than or equal to 25% are conveyed to a compression granulator (4) for granulation, and formed biomass compressed particles are conveyed to a pyrolysis furnace (6) through a uniform feeder (5) in a sealing manner;

the biomass compressed particles are hermetically conveyed to a pyrolysis chamber (A) of a pyrolysis furnace (6) through an even feeder (5) for pyrolysis, the pyrolysis can generate biomass charcoal particles and pyrolysis gas, the charcoal particles are directly sold as products or made into charcoal bars for sale, the pyrolysis gas firstly enters a primary combustion chamber (B), then enters a secondary combustion chamber (C) for combustion, a part of generated high-temperature flue gas is subjected to temperature regulation and then enters a dryer (3) at the front end to provide heat for drying the crushed biomass, the rest of the generated high-temperature flue gas enters a waste heat boiler (10), steam generated by the waste heat boiler (10) is sold or supplied to a generator for power generation, and the tail gas is purified by a tail gas purification device (11) and then discharged out of a chimney (12) after reaching the standard.

2. The device for rural biomass pyrolysis carbon production and thermal integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pyrolysis furnace (6) is an internally heated pyrolysis furnace integrating solid pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas combustion, the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber (A) is controlled to be 350-.

3. The device for rural biomass pyrolysis carbon production and thermal integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rural biomass comprises one of crop straws, forestry residues, agricultural product processing wastes and livestock and poultry manure.

4. The device for rural biomass pyrolysis carbon production and thermal integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the biomass compressed particles is 2-8 mm.

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