CN212008909U - Millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure - Google Patents
Millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN212008909U CN212008909U CN202020143002.7U CN202020143002U CN212008909U CN 212008909 U CN212008909 U CN 212008909U CN 202020143002 U CN202020143002 U CN 202020143002U CN 212008909 U CN212008909 U CN 212008909U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a radio frequency circuit technical field specifically discloses a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure, include: millimeter wave radar radio frequency front-end circuit and printed circuit board, wherein, millimeter wave radar radio frequency front-end circuit includes MMIC chip, feed circuit and antenna, printed circuit board includes the multilayer core board, the antenna sets up the surface of the top layer core board of multilayer core board, set up the recess on the at least bottom core board of multilayer core board, the opening orientation of recess deviates from the direction of top layer core board, MMIC chip is located in the recess, the antenna with pass through between the MMIC chip feed circuit connects. The utility model provides a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure can be so that the overall arrangement space of antenna is bigger, realizes the free overall arrangement of antenna, and the antenna can not receive the interference of MMIC chip and microstrip feeder yet, and then promotes the detectivity of radar.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a radio frequency circuit technical field especially relates to a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure.
Background
In recent years, the development of autonomous driving has led to a great revolution in traffic systems. It affects traffic safety, the environment and the use of vehicles. The millimeter wave radar has the absolute advantages of being capable of penetrating dust fog and rain and snow and free of influence of severe weather, and is only capable of working all day long, and the millimeter wave radar becomes an indispensable principal force sensor for automatic driving. The general trend of millimeter wave radar technology is toward lower cost, smaller size, lower power consumption, and higher integration. The radio frequency transceiving front end and the antenna are key technologies of the millimeter wave radar, the cost of the millimeter wave radar is nearly 50%, and the detection performance, the volume, the power consumption and the cost of the radar are directly determined by the design and the integration level of the radio frequency transceiving front end and the antenna of the millimeter wave radar.
At present, there are discrete transceiver devices at the front end of the millimeter wave radar radio frequency transceiver, and also Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMIC) with high integration, and the millimeter wave radar antenna mainly uses planar microstrip array antenna as the main antenna. The millimeter wave radar radio frequency and antenna part are made of circuit boards, low-loss special materials meeting high-frequency requirements are needed, and the price is high, so that the common radar radio frequency transceiving front end is connected with the radar antenna through a microstrip feeder line, the common radar radio frequency transceiving front end and the radar antenna are always on the same layer of a circuit, the use area of the materials is reduced, and the cost is reduced. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a schematic diagram of a PCB laminated structure and a schematic diagram of a PCB top-layer top-view structure of a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit in the prior art are shown in fig. 1 and 2, because a radio frequency transceiving front end chip, a radar antenna and a feed circuit are in the same layer of circuit, miniaturization of the overall size of the radar is limited, a maximum free layout design cannot be realized for the area of the antenna under the same PCB size, and the overall size, performance and cost of the radar often need to be designed in a compromise manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure solves the limited problem of the whole size design of radar that exists among the correlation technique.
As an aspect of the utility model, a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure is provided, include: the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front-end circuit comprises an MMIC chip, a feed circuit and an antenna, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a multilayer core board, the antenna is arranged on the surface of a top core board of the multilayer core board, at least a bottom core board of the multilayer core board is provided with a groove, an opening of the groove faces a direction deviating from the top core board, the MMIC chip is positioned in the groove, and the antenna is connected with the MMIC chip through the feed circuit;
the antenna is used for transmitting and receiving transmission of radar signals, the feed circuit is used for feeding signals of the radar transmitting antenna and feeding signals of the receiving antenna, and the MMIC chip is used for transmitting and receiving processing of the radar signals.
Further, the feed circuit comprises a feed via hole, the feed via hole is arranged between the top core board and the bottom core board, and the feed via hole is used for connecting the MMIC chip with the antenna on the top core board.
Further, the feed circuit comprises microstrip lines on the same layer, and the microstrip lines on the same layer are used for realizing the connection between the MMIC chip and the two ends of the antenna.
Furthermore, a metal layer is arranged between every two adjacent layers of the multi-layer core boards, and the metal layers are arranged on the upper surface of the top layer core board and the lower surface of the bottom layer core board.
Further, the printed circuit board comprises three layers of core boards, the three layers of core boards comprise a top layer core board, an inner layer core board and a lower layer core board, a first metal layer is arranged on the upper surface of the top layer core board, a second metal layer is arranged between the top layer core board and the inner layer core board, a third metal layer is arranged between the inner layer core board and the lower layer core board, and a fourth metal layer is arranged on the lower surface of the lower layer core board.
Furthermore, the antenna is located on the first metal layer, the grooves are formed in the inner core board and the bottom core board, and the MMIC chip is located in the grooves.
Furthermore, the antenna comprises a transmitting array antenna and a receiving array antenna, and both the transmitting array antenna and the receiving array antenna are connected with the MMIC chip through the feed circuit.
Further, the material for manufacturing the top core plate comprises a high-frequency material.
Through above-mentioned millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure, set up the recess on the bottom core board, set up the MMIC chip in the recess, set up the antenna on the top core board, connect through feed circuit between antenna and the MMIC chip, only laid out the antenna on the top core board like this, can be so that the overall arrangement space of antenna is bigger, realize the free overall arrangement of antenna, the antenna can not receive the interference of MMIC chip and microstrip feeder yet, and then promotes radar's detectability.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stacked structure of a millimeter wave radar rf front-end circuit in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a top-level plan view structural diagram of a millimeter-wave radar rf front-end circuit structure in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the utility model provides a stacked structure schematic diagram of millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure.
Fig. 4 is the utility model provides a structural schematic is overlooked to top layer of millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an MMIC chip provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for purposes of describing the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the prior art, can see by fig. 1 and fig. 2 that MMIC chip, antenna and feeder circuit all are located the upper surface of the top layer core board of multilayer core board, can lead to the radar whole size to be restricted like this, consequently, provide a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure in this embodiment, fig. 3 is according to the utility model discloses a laminated structure schematic diagram of millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure that provides, as shown in fig. 3, include: the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit comprises a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit and a printed circuit board, wherein the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit comprises an MMIC chip 400, a feed circuit 603 and an antenna 600, the printed circuit board comprises a multilayer core board 200, the antenna 600 is arranged on the surface of a top core board 201 of the multilayer core board 200, at least a bottom core board 203 of the multilayer core board is provided with a groove 500, the opening of the groove 500 faces the direction departing from the top core board 201, the MMIC chip 400 is positioned in the groove 500, and the antenna 600 is connected with the MMIC chip 400 through the feed circuit 603;
the antenna 600 is used for transmitting and receiving radar signals, the feeding circuit 603 is used for feeding radar transmitting antenna signals and receiving antenna signals, and the MMIC chip 400 is used for transmitting and receiving radar signals.
Through above-mentioned millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure, set up the recess on the bottom core board, set up the MMIC chip in the recess, set up the antenna on the top core board, connect through feed circuit between antenna and the MMIC chip, only laid out the antenna on the top core board like this, can be so that the overall arrangement space of antenna is bigger, realize the free overall arrangement of antenna, the antenna can not receive the interference of MMIC chip and microstrip feeder yet, and then promotes radar's detectability.
It should be understood that, in the multilayer core board provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the manufacturing material of the top layer core board includes a high-frequency material, so that the requirement of low-loss radiation and high-frequency signal transmission of millimeter wave radar antenna signals can be satisfied, and the manufacturing material of other multilayer core boards below the top layer core board is still a common material, and is mainly used for transmission of low-frequency signals, so that the printed circuit board in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a high-frequency board and common board mixed-compression mode to satisfy the transmission requirements of different signals of the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front-end circuit and the signal processing circuit, and realize cost control.
It should be noted that the multilayer core board may include two layers, three layers, four layers … …, and so on, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the number of layers of the multilayer core board, and specifically may determine the number of layers of the core board according to the circuit signal layout design requirement.
It should be understood that when the multilayer chip has three, four or more layers, if the grooves are only formed on the ground core, the multilayer core between the bottom core and the top core needs to be made of high frequency material, so that signal loss is avoided. If the low-frequency material is adopted, the thickness of the core plate of the middle layer needs to be smaller, so that the loss of transmission signals is reduced.
Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention provides a millimeter wave radar rf front end circuit structure, which mainly comprises a millimeter wave radar rf front end circuit and a printed circuit board; the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front-end circuit consists of a radar radio frequency front-end MMIC chip, a feed circuit and an antenna; the printed circuit board is based on a local sunken printed circuit board (Cavity PCB) manufacturing technology and adopts a common board and high-frequency board mixed pressing mode.
In some embodiments, the common sheet material may include FR-4 and PPO, among others, such as isopa FR48, Panasonic M4, among others; the high frequency plates may comprise PTEE ceramic, PTEE fiberglass, etc., such as Rogers RO3003, Taconic TLY-5, etc.
Specifically, the feeding circuit 603 includes a feeding via 300, the feeding via 300 is disposed between the top core board 201 and the bottom core board 203, and the feeding via is used for connecting the MMIC chip 400 and the antenna 600 on the top core board.
Preferably, the feeding circuit 603 includes microstrip lines on the same layer, and the microstrip lines on the same layer are used for realizing connection between the MMIC chip 400 and two ends of the antenna 600.
Specifically, a metal layer is arranged between every two adjacent layers of the multi-layer core boards, and the metal layers are arranged on the upper surface of the top layer core board and the lower surface of the bottom layer core board.
In some embodiments, the printed circuit board comprises a three-layer core board including a top core board 201, an inner core board 202, and a lower core board 203, wherein the top core board 201 has a first metal layer 101 disposed on an upper surface thereof, the top core board 201 and the inner core board 202 have a second metal layer 102 disposed therebetween, the inner core board 202 and the lower core board 203 have a third metal layer 103 disposed therebetween, and the lower core board 203 has a fourth metal layer 104 disposed thereon.
Specifically, the antenna 600 is located on the first metal layer 101, the grooves 500 are disposed on both the inner core board 202 and the bottom core board 203, and the MMIC chip 400 is located in the groove 500.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the antenna 600 includes a transmitting array antenna 601 and the receiving array antenna 602, and both the transmitting array antenna 601 and the receiving array antenna 602 are connected to the MMIC chip 400 through the feeding circuit 603.
The structure of the millimeter wave radar rf front end circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a PCB laminated structure of a radar rf front-end circuit structure according to the present invention. The millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit consists of a radar radio frequency front end MMIC chip 400, a feed circuit 603 and an antenna 600; the printed circuit board contains the multilayer core board of lamination (the utility model discloses the embodiment does not limit the number of piles, can confirm the core board number of piles according to circuit signal layout design demand). The base material selected by the top core board 201 is a low-loss high-frequency material, so that the requirements of low-loss radiation and high-frequency signal transmission of millimeter wave radar antenna signals are met; the inner core plate 202 and the lower core plate 203 are both made of common materials and are mainly used for low-frequency signal transmission. The first metal layer 101 is located on the upper surface of the top core board 201 and is mainly used for etching a circuit pattern of the antenna 600; the second metal layer 102 is specifically a copper foil layer between the top core board 201 and the inner core board 202, and can be used for signal transmission and circuit pattern etching of the top core board 201 and the inner core board 202; the third metal layer 103 is specifically a copper foil layer between the inner core board 202 and the lower core board 203; the fourth metal layer 104, specifically the lower copper foil layer of the lower core board 203, can be used for low frequency signal transmission.
The common via hole 301 is a circuit board interlayer via hole and is used for signal transmission between circuit board layers; the MMIC chip 400 and the feeding circuit 603 are located below the second metal layer 102 and the antenna 600, wherein two ends of the antenna are connected with the MMIC chip 400 through microstrip lines on the same layer, and the MMIC chip 400 feeds signals into the antenna 600 through the feeding via hole 300 in a spatial electromagnetic coupling (or probe feeding) mode; the groove 500 is a local concave area of the inner core board and the lower core board, is mainly used for circuit areas of the MMIC chip 400 and the feed circuit 603 at the front end of the radar radio frequency, and meets the requirement of high-frequency signal transmission under the condition of back feed of the radar antenna.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a PCB top layer top view structure of the radar rf front-end circuit structure of the present invention. The embodiment of the utility model provides an adopt local sunken printed circuit board technique back, the lower floor of top layer core 201 can be arranged in to MMIC chip 400 and feeder circuit 603, realizes the feed of antenna back, and the circuit size can effectively reduce, and simultaneously, under the size the same with ordinary circuit, the region that antenna 600 can utilize is bigger, realizes the design and the degree of freedom design of bigger array.
The structure of the MMIC chip 400 in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of the radar rf front-end MMIC chip 400 according to the present invention. The MMIC chip 400 is mainly composed of a transmitter 401, a receiver 402, a frequency synthesis control circuit 403, a power control circuit 404, an LVDS signal control 405, a reset circuit 406, a clock circuit 407, a digital cascade output interface circuit 408, a signal timing control circuit 409, a digital cascade input interface circuit 410, a functional safety circuit 411, and the like. The transmitter 401 mainly comprises a power amplifier PA, an adjustable gain amplifier VGA, a band-pass filter BPS, a phase shifter and other circuits, is connected with the transmitting array antenna 601 through a feed circuit 603, and is mainly used for generating a millimeter wave radar transmitting signal; the receiver 402 is mainly composed of low noise amplifier LNA, mixer, adjustable gain amplifier VGA, analog-to-digital conversion a/D and other circuits, is connected with the receiving array antenna 602 through the feed circuit 603, and is mainly used for receiving and processing radar signals; the frequency synthesis control circuit 403 is mainly used for frequency synthesis and control of radar transmitting and receiving signals; the power control circuit 404 includes single/multi-channel power control, and is mainly used for power supply and signal control of the chip internal circuit; the LVDS signal control 405 is mainly used for radar reception intermediate frequency signal original data output control; the reset circuit 406 is mainly used for chip circuit reset control; the clock circuit 407 is mainly used for reference clock synchronization control of the chip circuit; the digital cascade output interface circuit 408 and the digital cascade input interface circuit 410 are mainly used for cascade control of a plurality of MMIC chips of the same type, and the main control MMIC connects the digital cascade output interface 408 with the digital cascade input interface 410 of other cascade sub-control MMIC chips to carry out cascade control of the MMIC chips; the signal timing control circuit 409 is mainly used for timing control of an MMIC chip internal/external signal circuit; the functional safety circuit 411 mainly includes functions such as calibration/detection/monitoring/diagnosis/fault injection, etc., which satisfy functional safety of the MMIC chip.
To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure based on local sunken printed circuit board (Cavity PCB) technique, mixes PCB ordinary material and high frequency material and presses, and high frequency board lower floor is arranged in to radio frequency front end chip, has realized when the transmission requirement of high-speed high frequency signal, radar radio frequency front end circuit size minimizing. The radar antenna adopts a back feed mode, so that the radiation interference caused by an antenna microstrip feeder line is effectively inhibited, the antenna radiation side lobe is less, and the efficiency is high; the circuit assembly has high integration degree and smaller size. The radio frequency front end chip and the feed circuit are arranged on the lower layer of the high-frequency PCB and the back of the radar antenna, so that the circuit integration level can be improved, and the size of the PCB can be reduced. The antenna has higher design freedom and stronger detection capability. After a radio frequency front end chip and a feed circuit are arranged on the lower layer of a high-frequency PCB and the back surface of a radar antenna, the upper antenna layer of the high-frequency PCB is free of interference of the chip and a microstrip feed line, and under the condition that the size of the antenna is the same as that of a traditional scheme, the layout space of the antenna is larger, the antenna can be freely arranged, and the detection capability is improved. Compared with the traditional circuit scheme, the cost is lower. Radar radio frequency front end circuit and antenna need adopt high frequency PCB material, and the price is many times higher than ordinary PCB material, adopts the utility model discloses the scheme can effectively reduce circuit size, reduces circuit cost.
As another embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a millimeter wave radar rf front end circuit structure is provided, including:
providing a core plate, covering a metal layer on the upper surface of the core plate, and manufacturing an antenna pattern on the metal layer;
sequentially manufacturing a plurality of layers of core plates on the lower surface of the core plate, arranging the metal layer between every two adjacent layers of core plates of the plurality of layers of core plates, and arranging the metal layer on the lower surface of the core plate at the bottom layer;
etching at least the metal layer on the bottom core board to expose the base material of the bottom core board and form a pattern of a sunken area;
removing the core board base material corresponding to the concave area pattern on the bottom core board to form a groove;
and arranging the MMIC chip in the groove, and connecting the MMIC chip with the antenna through a feed circuit.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a manufacturing method of millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure, it obtains the recess to carry out the sculpture through the metal level to at least on the bottom core board, set up the MMIC chip in the recess, set up the antenna on the top layer core board, be connected through feed circuit between antenna and the MMIC chip, only laid out the antenna on the top layer core board like this, can make the overall arrangement space of antenna bigger, realize the free overall arrangement of antenna, the antenna can not receive the interference of MMIC chip and microstrip feeder yet, and then promote radar's detectivity. The manufacturing method has simple process, does not increase any manufacturing cost and is easy to realize.
Specifically, the method for manufacturing the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure further includes:
forming a via between the top core board and the bottom core board, and disposing the feed circuit in the via.
The following further specifically describes a method for manufacturing the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure.
1) Manufacturing a radar antenna 600 pattern on a first metal layer 101 (namely a copper foil layer) on the upper layer of the top-layer core board; a lower circuit pattern and a feed circuit 603 space electromagnetic coupling (or probe feed) feed through hole are manufactured on the second metal layer 102 (namely the copper foil layer);
2) making an inner layer circuit pattern on the inner layer core board 202, etching away copper foil on the core board in the area to be subjected to the local recess treatment on the inner layer core board 202, and exposing a core board substrate;
3) manufacturing a circuit pattern on the lower core board 203, etching away copper foil on the core board of the area to be subjected to the local depression treatment on the lower core board, and exposing the core board substrate; forming a pattern of a recess region;
4) laminating top core sheet 201, inner core sheet 202, and lower core sheet 203 into a laminate;
5) the core board base material at the region where the local depressions are to be formed on the inner core board 202 and the lower core board 203 is removed to form a local depression pattern.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments that have been employed to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and that the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure, comprising: the millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit is characterized by comprising an MMIC chip, a feed circuit and an antenna, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a multilayer core board, the antenna is arranged on the surface of a top core board of the multilayer core board, at least a bottom core board of the multilayer core board is provided with a groove, an opening of the groove faces a direction deviating from the top core board, the MMIC chip is positioned in the groove, and the antenna is connected with the MMIC chip through the feed circuit;
the antenna is used for transmitting and receiving transmission of radar signals, the feed circuit is used for feeding signals of the radar transmitting antenna and feeding signals of the receiving antenna, and the MMIC chip is used for transmitting and receiving processing of the radar signals.
2. The millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 1, wherein the feed circuit includes a feed via provided between the top core board and the bottom core board, the feed via being used to connect the MMIC chip with the antenna on the top core board.
3. The millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the feed circuit includes a microstrip line on the same layer, and the microstrip line on the same layer is used to connect the MMIC chip and both ends of the antenna.
4. The millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 3, wherein a metal layer is provided between each two adjacent layers of the multilayer core boards, and the metal layer is provided on an upper surface of the top layer core board and a lower surface of the bottom layer core board.
5. The millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 4, wherein the printed circuit board includes a three-layer core board, the three-layer core board includes a top layer core board, an inner layer core board and a lower layer core board, a first metal layer is provided on an upper surface of the top layer core board, a second metal layer is provided between the top layer core board and the inner layer core board, a third metal layer is provided between the inner layer core board and the lower layer core board, and a fourth metal layer is provided on a lower surface of the lower layer core board.
6. The millimeter-wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 5, wherein the antenna is located on the first metal layer, the grooves are provided on both the inner core board and the lower core board, and the MMIC chip is located in the groove.
7. The millimeter-wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 1, wherein the antenna includes a transmission array antenna and a reception array antenna, both of which are connected to the MMIC chip through the feed circuit.
8. The millimeter-wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure according to claim 1, wherein a material of the top core board includes a high frequency material.
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| CN111090076A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-01 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN111090076A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-01 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Millimeter wave radar radio frequency front end circuit structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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