CN211898582U - Three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristic - Google Patents
Three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN211898582U CN211898582U CN202020109479.3U CN202020109479U CN211898582U CN 211898582 U CN211898582 U CN 211898582U CN 202020109479 U CN202020109479 U CN 202020109479U CN 211898582 U CN211898582 U CN 211898582U
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Abstract
A three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristics comprises a cubic shell with three through holes, a central cylinder penetrates through the through holes of the three-dimensional shell and is coaxial and points to the center of the cubic shell, the base surface of the central cylinder is parallel to the outer surface of the three-dimensional shell, the side surface of the central cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the cubic shell through a fan-shaped block structure, and the three-dimensional shell, the fan-shaped block structure and the central cylinder are made of three different materials. The invention has lighter weight under the condition of the same size, can generate low-frequency band gap characteristics and has controllable band gap range for seismic waves. The band gap can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the fan-shaped blocks, the height of the central cylinder, the fan-shaped angle degree of the fan-shaped blocks and the wall thickness of the cubic shell. Compared with the Bragg scattering type seismic metamaterial, the method has the advantages of being easy to arrange and saving materials. The invention can be used for filling building foundations and effectively damping and protecting important building infrastructure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic shock absorption, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with a low-frequency shock absorption characteristic.
Background
Earthquake is a serious natural disaster, and seriously threatens the life and property safety of people due to the sudden and extremely strong destructiveness, so the earthquake protection is particularly important.
The elastic metamaterial is a medium material with a periodic structure, and has been widely noticed by students because the elastic metamaterial can inhibit seismic waves from being incapable of propagating in a certain range. In recent years, people begin to develop the elastic metamaterial from the solid physical field to the seismic engineering field, and a new damping technology, namely the seismic metamaterial, is generated.
Most of the existing seismic metamaterials are of two-dimensional structures, the main arrangement form is periodic arrangement protection, and due to the structural limitation, the seismic metamaterials can only absorb seismic waves on the surface layer and cannot comprehensively shield all directions of the seismic waves. Recently, the three-dimensional structure research of seismic metamaterials is also mostly concentrated in a simple cubic structure, and the structure is filled with solid materials, the existing structure is large in size and is usually concentrated in the range of several meters or even dozens of meters, and the damping frequency (0-40Hz) required by the building can be achieved, so that a large amount of materials are generally required to be used in the construction of the existing structure, and the construction cost is increased; meanwhile, the size and structure of the device are large, so that the device is inconvenient to install and carry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristics, which has small size, good processing and transportation conditions and excellent low-frequency damping performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with the low-frequency damping characteristic is characterized in that each group of opposite faces of the cubic housing 1 is provided with a through hole penetrating through the center of the cube, two ends of each through hole are respectively provided with a central cylinder 3, each central cylinder 3 is coaxial with the through hole where the central cylinder is located, the inner end of each central cylinder 3 is spaced from the center of the cube, the side face of each central cylinder 3 is connected with the inner wall of the through hole through a plurality of fan-shaped block structures 2, and the cubic housing 1, the fan-shaped block structures 2 and the central cylinders 3 form a face-centered cubic structure integrally.
The parameters of the through holes are completely the same, the parameters of the central cylinders 3 are completely the same, and the structures, the parameters and the arrangement forms of the fan-shaped block structures 2 connected with the central cylinders 3 are completely the same.
The central cylinders 3 are arranged in six central through holes of the cubic shell 1, the central cylinders 3 are independent of each other, the end surface of each central cylinder 3 is parallel to one outer surface of the cubic shell 1, the outer end of each central cylinder 3 is flush with one outer surface of the cubic shell 1, and the longitudinal section of each sector structure 2 is parallel to one outer surface of the cubic shell 1.
Each section of the cubic shell 1 is a square with a hole in the center, and the fan-shaped block structures 2 are distributed in a cross mode and are respectively connected to the inner wall of the through hole and the outer wall of the central cylinder 3.
The transverse section of the fan-shaped block structure 2 is a fan shape cut by a circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring is the same as the aperture of the through hole, and the inner diameter of the circular ring is the same as the outer diameter of the central cylinder 3; the longitudinal section shapes of the fan-shaped block structures 2 are the same, the transverse distance between the sections on two sides is 10mm, and the longitudinal height of the fan-shaped block structures 2 is the same as the thickness of the thin wall of the cubic shell 1.
The fan-shaped block structure 2 is externally tangent to a through hole of the cubic shell 1 and internally tangent to the central cylinder 3, the fan-shaped block structure 2 is embedded in the cubic shell 1, cross sections on two sides of the fan-shaped block structure 2 are correspondingly parallel to inner and outer thin-wall surfaces of the cubic shell 1, and a cross section on one side of the fan-shaped block structure 2 is also parallel to an end base surface of the central cylinder 3.
The cubic shell 1 is of a thin shell structure, through holes perpendicular to the surface are formed in the surface of the thin shell structure, the side length of the cubic shell 1 is 100mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, and the diameter of each through hole is 80 mm.
The longitudinal height of the central cylinder 3 is greater than the longitudinal height of the fan-shaped block structure 2 and the thin-wall thickness of the cubic shell 1, and the longitudinal height of the central cylinder 3 is 4 times of the longitudinal height of the fan-shaped block structure 2 and the thin-wall thickness of the cubic shell 1.
The radius of the through hole is 1.6 times of the radius of the central cylinder 3.
The cubic shell 1, the fan-shaped block structure 2 and the central cylinder 3 are made of different materials respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial has lighter weight than the traditional seismic metamaterial under the condition of the same size, can generate low-frequency band gap characteristics, and has a controllable band gap range for seismic waves. The band gap can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the fan-shaped blocks, the height of the central cylinder, the fan-shaped angle degree of the fan-shaped blocks and the wall thickness of the cubic shell. Compared with the Bragg scattering type seismic metamaterial, the method has the advantages of being easy to arrange and saving materials. The invention can be used for filling building foundations and effectively damping and protecting important building infrastructure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial unit cell of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a band diagram of a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial unit cell of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a foundation fill structure for a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a frequency response function graph of a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the novel three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with the low-frequency damping characteristic comprises a cubic shell 1, wherein a through hole is formed in the center of each group of opposite faces of the cubic shell 1, three through holes are formed in the three groups of opposite faces in total, and each through hole penetrates through the center of the cube. Two ends of each through hole are respectively provided with a central cylinder 3, and six central cylinders 3 are arranged in the three through holes in total. Each central cylinder 3 is coaxial with the through hole in which it is located, and the inner end points to the body center of the cubic housing 1 and has a certain distance from the body center, that is, a certain distance is provided between two central cylinders 3 in the same through hole. The end face of the central cylinder 3 is parallel to one outer surface of the cubic shell 1, the side face of the central cylinder 3 is connected with the inner wall of the through hole through the fan-shaped block structure 2, and the cubic shell 1, the fan-shaped block structure 2 and the central cylinder 3 are made of three different materials respectively.
In this embodiment, the cross section of the cubic housing 1 is a square with a hole at the center, and the sector structures 2 are distributed in a cross shape and are respectively connected with the inner wall of the through hole and the outer wall of the central cylinder 3.
Specifically, the central cylinders 3 are perpendicular to the outer surface of the cubic shell 1 and are arranged coaxially with the through holes, the central cylinders 3 are not connected with each other, the central cylinders 3 are connected with the fan-shaped block structures 2, and the cross sections of the central cylinders are circular.
In the invention, the longitudinal height of the central cylinder 3 is greater than the longitudinal height of the fan-shaped block structure 2 and the thin-wall thickness of the cubic shell 1, and the longitudinal height 2 of the fan-shaped block structure 2 is equal to the thin-wall thickness of the cubic shell 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, the radius of the central cylinder 3 is 25mm, the longitudinal height is 20mm, the side length of the cubic shell 1 is 100mm, the radius of the through hole of the cubic shell 1 is 40mm, the thickness of the thin wall is 5mm, the radius of the outer side of each sector structure 2 is 40mm, the radius of the inner side of each sector structure is 25mm, the longitudinal height of each sector structure is 5mm, the transverse distance of the two sides of each sector structure is 10mm, and the included angle theta between every two adjacent sector structures 2 is 90 degrees
The cubic shell 1, the fan-shaped block structure 2 and the central cylinder 3 are respectively made of epoxy resin, silicon rubber and lead. The specific material parameters are as follows: epoxy resin, density ρ1＝1180kg/m3Shear modulus E1＝4.35×109Pa, Poisson ratio mu10.368; silicon rubber, density ρ2＝1300kg/m3Shear modulus E2＝1.175×105Pa, Poisson ratio mu20.469; lead, density ρ3＝11600kg/m3Shear modulus E3＝4.08×1010Pa, Poisson ratio mu3＝0.369。It can be seen from fig. 2 that there are bandgaps in the interval 0-40Hz, where the first bandgap is 4.463-5.019Hz and the second bandgap is 7.9-30.1 Hz.
The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial structure is obtained by extending a three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial unit cell to three mutually vertical directions in space, and is shown in figure 3.
In the practical use of the three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial structure, a cement layer with a certain thickness is adopted to coat the seismic metamaterial structure so as to be suitable for various complex environments, the thickness of the cement layer is 50mm, and the selected material parameter is density rho4＝2300kg/m3Shear modulus E4＝4×1010Pa, Poisson ratio mu40.2. As shown in fig. 4.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a transmission spectrum of a periodic structure consisting of 4X4 unit cell space prolongation and coated with a cement layer on the outside thereof. It can be seen that a region in the frequency domain where the vibration attenuation is below 0dB can correspond to a low frequency band gap in the band structure. It should be noted that in the simulation process of the transmission characteristic, an S-wave excitation method is adopted, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that the transmission spectrum and the complete band gap in the energy band structure correspond to each other.
The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial structure can enable the three-dimensional structure to generate a low-frequency band gap, and effectively control seismic waves.
Compared with the traditional three-dimensional phonon crystal structure, the three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial has lighter weight under the condition of the same size, can generate low-frequency band gap characteristics, and has a controllable band gap range for seismic waves. The band gap can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the fan-shaped blocks, the height of the central cylinder, the fan-shaped angle degree of the fan-shaped blocks and the wall thickness of the cubic shell. Compared with the Bragg scattering type seismic metamaterial, the method has the advantages of being easy to arrange and saving materials. The invention can be used for filling building foundations and effectively damping and protecting important building infrastructure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional face-centered cubic earthquake metamaterial with low frequency shock-absorbing characteristic, its main part is cube casing (1), its characterized in that, every group opposite face of cube casing (1) all opens one and runs through the through-hole at cube center, and every through-hole both ends set up a center cylinder (3) respectively, and each center cylinder (3) is coaxial and the inner has the interval with the cube center with the through-hole that it was located, and each center cylinder (3) side is connected with the through-hole inner wall through a plurality of fan-shaped block structures (2), cube casing (1), fan-shaped block structure (2) and center cylinder (3) whole form face-centered cubic structure.
2. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristics according to claim 1, wherein parameters of the through holes are identical, parameters of the central cylinders (3) are identical, and structures, parameters and arrangement forms of the fan-shaped block structures (2) connected with the central cylinders (3) are identical.
3. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the central cylinders (3) are arranged in six central through holes of the cubic shell (1), each central cylinder (3) has no connection relationship and is independent of the other central cylinders, the end faces of each central cylinder (3) are respectively parallel to one outer surface of the cubic shell (1), the outer end of each central cylinder (3) is respectively flush with one outer surface of the cubic shell (1), and the longitudinal section of each sector structure (2) is respectively parallel to one outer surface of the cubic shell (1).
4. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low-frequency damping characteristics according to claim 1, wherein each section of the cubic housing (1) is a square with a hole in the center, and the fan-shaped block structures (2) are distributed in a criss-cross manner and are respectively connected to the inner wall of the through hole and the outer wall of the central cylinder (3).
5. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with the low-frequency damping characteristic as claimed in claim 4, wherein the transverse section of the sector block structure (2) is a sector cut by a circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring is the same as the diameter of the through hole, and the inner diameter of the circular ring is the same as the outer diameter of the central cylinder (3); the longitudinal section shapes of the fan-shaped block structures (2) are the same, the transverse distance of the sections on two sides is 10mm, and the longitudinal height of the fan-shaped block structures (2) is the same as the thickness of the thin wall of the cubic shell (1).
6. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with the low-frequency damping characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sector structure (2) is externally tangent to a through hole of the cubic shell (1) and internally tangent to the central cylinder (3), the sector structure (2) is embedded in the cubic shell (1), cross sections on two sides of the sector structure (2) are correspondingly parallel to inner and outer thin-wall surfaces of the cubic shell (1), and a cross section on one side of the sector structure (2) is also parallel to an end base surface of the central cylinder (3).
7. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with the low-frequency damping characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cubic shell (1) is of a thin shell structure, through holes perpendicular to the surface are formed in the surface of the thin shell structure, the side length of the cubic shell (1) is 100mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, and the diameter of each through hole is 80 mm.
8. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low frequency damping characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal height of the central cylinder (3) is greater than the longitudinal height of the sector block structure (2) and the thin wall thickness of the cubic housing (1), and the longitudinal height of the central cylinder (3) is 4 times of the longitudinal height of the sector block structure (2) and the thin wall thickness of the cubic housing (1).
9. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low frequency damping characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radius of the through hole is 1.6 times the radius of the central cylinder (3).
10. The three-dimensional face-centered cubic seismic metamaterial with low frequency damping characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cubic housing (1), the fan-shaped block structure (2) and the central cylinder (3) are made of different materials respectively.
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