CN108468738B - Three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damper based on air bag type - Google Patents
Three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damper based on air bag type Download PDFInfo
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- CN108468738B CN108468738B CN201810524316.9A CN201810524316A CN108468738B CN 108468738 B CN108468738 B CN 108468738B CN 201810524316 A CN201810524316 A CN 201810524316A CN 108468738 B CN108468738 B CN 108468738B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
- F16F9/0209—Telescopic
- F16F9/0281—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
- F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
- F16F9/0409—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall characterised by the wall structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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Abstract
The invention provides an air bag type three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damping device which comprises a scattering body, a disc-shaped air bag, an upper grating plate, a lower grating plate, a flat plate, an inflation pipeline, an air valve device and an air storage tank. The disc-shaped air bag is attached to the scattering body to form a scattering unit, the scattering unit is attached to the grating plate to form a two-dimensional phononic crystal structure, and the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is extended in the third dimension to form a three-dimensional phononic crystal structure. Under the excitation of elastic waves in a specific frequency range, the scattering unit resonates to consume the energy transmitted by the elastic waves, and the energy is interacted with the traveling waves of the elastic wave to inhibit the vibration elastic force waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damping device based on an air bag type, and belongs to the technical field of vibration and noise reduction.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of quality of life, the requirements of various fields on the vibration noise of mechanical structures are higher and higher. The problems of resonance, fatigue damage and the like caused by vibration or impact in the engineering affect the service life of a mechanical structure and the working precision of a precision instrument, and also generate noise and harm the life health of a human body. The method has important significance in inhibiting vibration and noise of a mechanical structure in practical engineering.
The band gap characteristics of the phononic crystal can significantly suppress or even inhibit propagation of the vibration elastic wave in the forbidden band range. Based on the band gap characteristic, the phononic crystal has wide application in vibration and noise reduction. On one hand, the low-vibration processing environment within a certain frequency range can be provided for a high-precision processing system, higher processing precision is guaranteed, on the other hand, a low-vibration propagation path can be provided for a mechanical structure, and the service life of a product is prolonged.
In recent years, research on the use of phononic crystals for suppressing vibration and noise has never been discontinued, and as disclosed in patent application No. 201611244380.9, a phononic crystal structure for vibration isolation of ships: based on the local resonance principle, the phononic crystal matrix is distributed in a honeycomb structure, the springs are arranged on the inner wall of the honeycomb, and the tungsten block is connected with the matrix through the springs. Patent application No. 201410377170.1 discloses a phononic crystal vibration isolator with adjustable band gap based on shape memory alloy, which realizes the adjustment of the band gap of the phononic crystal based on the shape memory effect of the shape memory alloy, but the structure is a one-dimensional phononic crystal vibration isolator, and the band gap can be adjusted only in one dimension. Aiming at the defects of the existing photonic crystal vibration reduction device, the invention provides the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration reduction device which can adjust the rigidity in the three-dimensional direction and further adjust the band gap.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional photonic crystal vibration damping device based on an air bag type, which is a local resonance type photonic crystal vibration damping device capable of adjusting rigidity in a three-dimensional direction and further adjusting a band gap.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure comprises a first flat plate, a lower grating plate arranged at the upper end of the first flat plate, an upper grating plate arranged at the upper end of the lower grating plate, a second flat plate arranged at the upper end of the upper grating plate, and scattering units arranged in grids of the grating plates, wherein the upper end surface of the lower grating plate and the lower end surface of the upper grating plate are respectively provided with a snakelike groove bypassing grids in rows, gas transmission pipelines are arranged in the grooves, the scattering units comprise scattering bodies and disc-shaped gas bags symmetrically arranged on the outer surfaces of the scattering bodies, the disc-shaped gas bags are communicated through connecting pipes, one disc-shaped gas bag is provided with a gas bag inflation port communicated with the gas transmission pipelines, the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is at least three and is arranged up and down, and the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure positioned in the middle layer and the adjacent two-, one end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the lowest layer and one end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the uppermost layer are respectively connected with a gas valve device, the other end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the lowest layer and the other end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the uppermost layer are respectively connected with the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the adjacent middle layer, and the gas valve device is connected with a gas storage tank.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the scatterer is of a square structure, and six disc-shaped air bags are arranged on six surfaces of the scatterer respectively.
2. The two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is three or five.
3. The scatterer is made of lead, tungsten or steel, and the dish-shaped air bag is made of rubber or nylon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the connection rigidity of the scattering unit can be changed by adjusting the inflation quantity of the disc-shaped air bag and the air pressure change of the air bag, so that the vibration reduction frequency band interval of the phononic crystal can be adjusted; the invention can meet the complex vibration isolation requirement and is suitable for various precision instrument mounting platforms, vibration isolation platforms and the like; the invention has simple integral structure, convenient manufacture, low price and wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a phononic crystal scattering unit schematic diagram;
FIG. 2: a two-dimensional phononic crystal schematic;
FIG. 3: a grid plate assembly diagram;
FIG. 4: the overall structure is schematic;
in the figure: the device comprises a scatterer 1, an air bag connecting pipe 2, a disc-shaped air bag 3, an air bag inflation inlet 4, an upper grid plate 5, an air transmission pipeline 6, a lower grid plate 7, a closed phonon crystal 8, an air valve device 9 and an air storage tank 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The phononic crystal vibration damping device related to the present invention comprises: the air-supply device comprises a diffuser, a disc-shaped air bag, an upper grid plate, a lower grid plate, a flat plate, an inflation pipeline, an air valve device and an air storage tank. The disc-shaped air bag is attached to the scattering body to form a scattering unit, the scattering unit is attached to the grating plate to form a two-dimensional phononic crystal structure, and the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is extended in the third dimension to form a three-dimensional phononic crystal structure. Under the excitation of elastic waves in a specific frequency range, the scattering unit resonates to consume the energy transmitted by the elastic waves, and the energy is interacted with the traveling waves of the elastic wave to inhibit the vibration elastic force waves.
The invention also includes:
(1) in the two-dimensional structure, a structural mode of coupling arrangement of a plurality of scattering units can be adopted, and the scattering units of different types are periodically nested and arranged for coupling.
(2) The three-dimensional structure can be expanded and laminated by different types of scattering units in the same arrangement sequence on the third dimension after the scattering units are arranged periodically in two dimensions, so that a better vibration suppression effect is obtained.
(3) The scatterer can be in a spherical or cubic shape, and the phononic crystal structure can be designed into a cubic or regular polygonal prism as required.
The scatterer 1 of the invention is made of lead, tungsten, steel and other materials into a cube, the disc-shaped air bag 3 is made of rubber, nylon and other materials, the disc-shaped air bag is adhered on six surfaces of the scatterer to form a scattering unit, the six air bags are communicated with each other through the connecting pipe 2, and the air pressure is equal. The base material is processed into a grating plate and a flat plate. The grating plate is divided into an upper grating plate 5 and a lower grating plate 7, and grooves are milled on the upper surface of the lower grating plate 7 and the lower surface of the upper grating plate 5 and used for mounting a gas transmission pipeline 6.
A first layer of lower grating plate 7 is bonded on the first layer of flat plate, N square section grids are orthogonally arranged on the grating plate, and the height of the upper grating plate and the lower grating plate is half of the side length of the cross section of the grids. The air pipe 6 is bonded at the groove of the lower grid plate 7, the scattering units are placed in the grids, the air bag inflation inlet 4 is hermetically communicated with the air pipe 6, and the air bag 3 is bonded with the first layer of flat plate and the grid wall of the lower grid plate 7. The lower surface of the upper grid plate 5 is in butt joint and adhesion with the upper surface of the lower grid plate 7, and the grid wall of the upper grid plate 5 is in adhesion with the air bag 3. And a second layer of flat plate is bonded on the upper surface of the upper grating plate 5 to form a first layer of closed two-dimensional phonon crystal structure.
According to the method, the N-th layer of lower grating plate 7 is bonded on the N-th layer of flat plate, N square interface grids are orthogonally arranged on the grating plate, and the height of the upper grating plate and the lower grating plate is half of the side length of the cross section of the grids. Air transmission pipelines are bonded at the grooves of the lower grating plate 7, scattering units are placed in grids, the air bag inflation inlet 4 is communicated with the air transmission pipelines 6 in a sealing mode, and the air bag 3 is bonded with the Nth layer of flat plate and the walls of the grids of the lower grating plate 7. The lower surface of the upper grid plate 5 is in butt joint and adhesion with the upper surface of the lower grid plate 7, and the grid wall of the upper grid plate 5 is in adhesion with the air bag 3. And (3) adhering an (N + 1) th layer of flat plate to the upper surface of the upper grating plate 5 to prepare an Nth layer of closed two-dimensional phonon crystal structure and form a three-dimensional local resonance type phonon crystal structure according to the cubic lattice arrangement sequence.
Each layer of the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure gas transmission pipeline 6 is hermetically connected with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure gas transmission pipeline 6 on the upper layer to form a passage, the other end of the first layer of the gas transmission pipeline 6 is connected with the gas storage tank 10 through the gas valve device 9 to be used as a phononic crystal device gas inlet channel, and the other end of the Nth layer of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with the gas storage tank 10 through the gas valve device 9 to be used as a phononic crystal gas exhaust channel, so that a complete gas loop is formed.
When the gas valve device is used, the inflation quantity is adjusted through the control gas valve device 9, the gas pressure in the gas bag 4 is changed, the connection rigidity of the scatterer 7 and the grid plate is changed, and the vibration reduction frequency band interval of the phononic crystal is further adjusted.
In practice, the following factors should be considered:
(1) the single periodic structure of the local resonance type phononic crystal can be simplified into a mass-spring system, and the initial frequency f of the band gap of the phononic crystal1And a cut-off frequency f2Determined by the following equation:
k is the equivalent stiffness of the disk-shaped bladder, m1Is the mass of the scatterer, m2Is the grid plate equivalent mass in a single periodic structure. Firstly, a plurality of materials such as lead, tungsten and steel can be selected for a scatterer in a suppressed target frequency range and processed into a cube or a sphere, a disc-shaped air bag is made of rubber, nylon and the like, the filled gas is other inert gases such as nitrogen and the like, and a grating plate and a flat plate are made of steel, wood, a density plate, a carbon fiber composite material and the like, so that the requirements of space size and working environment on strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance, flame retardance, tools and the like are met. After the phononic crystal is manufactured, the air inflation amount in the disc-shaped gas is adjusted according to the complex vibration condition, and then the vibration reduction frequency band interval of the phononic crystal is adjusted.
(2) The phononic crystal structure reasonably selects scattering bodies of different materials and structures according to the vibration elastic force wave load size, the working environment and the elastic force distribution of different frequencies in the three-dimensional direction, different gases are filled in the air bag, and various combined scattering units can be selected and distributed in a two-dimensional and three-dimensional nesting period.
(3) The phononic crystal structure adjusts the period number of the phononic crystal according to the requirements of the working environment on strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance, flame retardance, space size, tooling and the like on the elastic force wave load.
(4) The connection modes of the phononic crystals layer by layer are selected according to the requirements of the elastic force wave load and the working environment on strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance, flame retardance and the like, and are selected by bonding, bolt connection and other connection modes.
Claims (5)
1. Three-dimensional phononic crystal damping device based on gasbag formula, its characterized in that: the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure comprises a first flat plate, a lower grating plate arranged at the upper end of the first flat plate, an upper grating plate arranged at the upper end of the lower grating plate, a second flat plate arranged at the upper end of the upper grating plate, and scattering units arranged in grids of the grating plates, wherein the upper end surface of the lower grating plate and the lower end surface of the upper grating plate are respectively provided with a snakelike groove bypassing grids in rows, gas transmission pipelines are arranged in the grooves, the scattering units comprise scattering bodies and disc-shaped gas bags symmetrically arranged on the outer surfaces of the scattering bodies, the disc-shaped gas bags are communicated through connecting pipes, one disc-shaped gas bag is provided with a gas bag inflation port communicated with the gas transmission pipelines, the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is at least three and is arranged up and down, and the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure positioned in the middle layer and the adjacent two-, one end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the lowest layer and one end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the uppermost layer are respectively connected with a gas valve device, the other end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the lowest layer and the other end of the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the uppermost layer are respectively connected with the gas transmission pipeline with the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure at the adjacent middle layer, and the gas valve device is connected with a gas storage tank.
2. The three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damping device based on airbag type according to claim 1, characterized in that: the scatterer is of a square structure, and six disc-shaped air bags are arranged on six surfaces of the scatterer respectively.
3. The three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damping device based on gas bag type according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is three or five.
4. The three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damping device based on gas bag type according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the scatterer is made of lead, tungsten or steel, and the dish-shaped air bag is made of rubber or nylon.
5. The three-dimensional phononic crystal vibration damping device based on airbag type according to claim 3, characterized in that: the scatterer is made of lead, tungsten or steel, and the dish-shaped air bag is made of rubber or nylon.
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| CN2018103388680 | 2018-04-16 | ||
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| CN109742974A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-10 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of piezoelectric type phonon crystal absorbing electricity acquisition device |
| CN113432696B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-01-03 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device and method for measuring sound scattering intensity of pipeline in shallow sea |
| CN115492894B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2023-05-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Efficient vibration reduction base supported by chained panel liquid bags |
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| TW201133468A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | An unit with sound isolation/shock isolation structure, array employing the same, and method for fabricating the same |
| CN103514873B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-12-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of low frequency vibration isolation composite sandwich structural |
| CN204998750U (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2016-01-27 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Sound insulation airplane wallboard |
| CN106907418B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Phonon crystal negative poisson's ratio honeycomb vibration isolation anti-impact device |
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