CN211881356U - Greenhouse air quality control device based on distributed active circulation - Google Patents
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- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008844 regulatory mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种基于分布式主动循环的温室空气质量调控装置。包括气体循环装置、气体改良装置、控制系统。气体循环装置将温室底部气体吸取输送至作物上方使气体由上至下主动循环；气体改良装置用于吸取气体并对气体进行除湿、增温或增加CO2浓度、臭氧浓度；控制系统用于控制装置精准运行。本实用新型通过控制系统综合调控温室内气体循环，由气体循环装置吸取温室内气体并将经改良后的气体释放，不断改良温室内空气质量。
The utility model provides a greenhouse air quality control device based on distributed active circulation. Including gas circulation device, gas improvement device, control system. The gas circulation device absorbs and transports the gas at the bottom of the greenhouse to the top of the crops to actively circulate the gas from top to bottom; the gas improvement device is used to absorb the gas and dehumidify, warm up or increase the concentration of CO 2 and ozone; the control system is used to control The device operates precisely. The utility model comprehensively regulates the gas circulation in the greenhouse through the control system, and the gas circulation device absorbs the gas in the greenhouse and releases the improved gas, so as to continuously improve the air quality in the greenhouse.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于设施农业技术领域，尤其是一种基于分布式主动循环的温室空气质量调控装置，用于日光温室内CO2浓度和空气温度湿度调节及杀菌消毒作业。The utility model belongs to the technical field of facility agriculture, in particular to a greenhouse air quality control device based on distributed active circulation, which is used for CO2 concentration and air temperature and humidity adjustment and sterilization and disinfection operations in a solar greenhouse.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，我国设施农业产业迅速发展，在日光温室蔬菜种植面积及产量上已经成为世界第一大国。设施蔬菜多以反季节蔬菜为主，日光温室作为高集约化的生产方式,有着极高的经济效益。但是，在生产中，日光温室长期处于密封状态，温室内部空气质量调控一直是个重要的问题，其中，主要包括：湿度高，尤其是在冬季夜间，温度较低时空气相对湿度接近饱和；温室内设备缺乏，无加温设备，遇到连续低温天气易引起冻害；无CO2气体施肥设备，作物产量低；在这种低温、高湿或高温、高湿环境下，容易引起某些作物病虫害的发生，导致温室内空气中携带大量细菌、病毒。因此，要想实现设施蔬菜的优质高效生产，就必须解决好温室内空气质量调控的问题。In recent years, my country's facility agriculture industry has developed rapidly, and it has become the world's largest country in terms of vegetable planting area and output in solar greenhouses. Facility vegetables are mostly off-season vegetables. As a highly intensive production method, solar greenhouses have extremely high economic benefits. However, in production, the solar greenhouse is in a sealed state for a long time, and the regulation of air quality inside the greenhouse has always been an important issue, which mainly includes: high humidity, especially at night in winter, when the temperature is low, the relative humidity of the air is close to saturation; Lack of equipment, no heating equipment, it is easy to cause frost damage when encountering continuous low temperature weather; no CO 2 gas fertilization equipment, low crop yield; in this low temperature, high humidity or high temperature, high humidity environment, it is easy to cause certain crop diseases and insect pests. Occurs, causing a large number of bacteria and viruses to be carried in the air in the greenhouse. Therefore, in order to achieve high-quality and high-efficiency production of facility vegetables, it is necessary to solve the problem of air quality control in the greenhouse.
针对温室内湿度调控的问题，国内学者研究出了新性温室湿度调控方法及设备，申请的专利主要包括：专利号“201710539033.7”一种新型温室湿度调节机构；专利号“201820511551.8”一种农业温室湿度调节装置。此类装置主要采用了喷雾、喷水、排气的方式结合湿度传感器进行调控。此类方法虽然比传统的通风排气方法的控制水平和自动化程度有所提高，但是依然无法解决冬季温室内通风排湿会造成温度大幅下降及空气分布式抽取问题，而且这些系统的一些缺点还包括系统故障，喷嘴堵塞，高能耗或高昂的维护费用。In response to the problem of humidity regulation in the greenhouse, domestic scholars have developed new greenhouse humidity regulation methods and equipment. The patents applied for mainly include: Patent No. "201710539033.7", a new type of greenhouse humidity regulation mechanism; Patent No. "201820511551.8" An agricultural greenhouse Humidity regulator. This type of device mainly adopts the methods of spraying, water spraying and exhausting combined with humidity sensor for regulation. Although this kind of method has improved control level and automation degree than the traditional ventilation and exhaust method, it still cannot solve the problem that the ventilation and moisture removal in the greenhouse in winter will cause the temperature to drop significantly and the distributed air extraction problem, and some shortcomings of these systems are also These include system failure, clogged nozzles, high energy consumption or high maintenance costs.
相比国外的温室湿度控制技术，在《Control Engineering Practice》中2006年发表的《Simulation of humidity control and greenhouse temperature tracking in agrowth chamber using a passive air conditioning unit》中提出的一种空气调控设备，设备内部包含两个箱体和一个风机，一个是产生干燥空气，一个是通过给箱体内部的衬垫灌水产生相对湿度饱和的空气，再通过控制两个箱体的通风量来给温室持续输送合适的相对湿度的空气。此方法使温室内湿度能保持恒定，给作物提供设定的湿度环境。但是此设备对温室密封性要求高，设备研制成本高且能耗高。Compared with foreign greenhouse humidity control technologies, an air conditioning device proposed in "Simulation of humidity control and greenhouse temperature tracking in agrowth chamber using a passive air conditioning unit" published in "Control Engineering Practice" in 2006. It consists of two boxes and a fan, one is to generate dry air, the other is to generate air saturated with relative humidity by irrigating the liner inside the box, and then by controlling the ventilation volume of the two boxes to continuously supply suitable amount of air to the greenhouse. Relative humidity of the air. This method keeps the humidity in the greenhouse constant and provides the crops with a set humidity environment. However, this equipment has high requirements on the tightness of the greenhouse, the equipment development cost is high, and the energy consumption is high.
以上几种设备和方法的共性在于调控功能较为单一，对于冬季除湿这一问题无法很好的解决通风与热量损失的矛盾以及空气循环效果不好的问题。The commonality of the above devices and methods is that the control function is relatively simple, and the problem of dehumidification in winter cannot be well solved for the contradiction between ventilation and heat loss and the problem of poor air circulation.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了克服以上技术的不足，本实用新型的目的在于提供了一种基于分布式主动循环的温室空气质量调控装置，具有低成本、多功能，使用维护成本低等优点。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse air quality control device based on distributed active circulation, which has the advantages of low cost, multi-function, and low maintenance cost.
本实用新型基于分布式主动循环的温室空气质量调控装置，其特征在于：包括气体循环装置、气体改良装置、控制系统。所述的气体循环装置是将温室底部气体吸取输送形成负压，将改良气体输送至作物上方使气体由上至下主动循环；所述的气体改良装置是用于吸取气体并对气体进行除湿、增温或增加CO2浓度、臭氧浓度处理，用于主动循环至温室内部；所述的控制系统是用于控制气体循环装置、气体改良装置精准运行。The utility model is a greenhouse air quality control device based on distributed active circulation, which is characterized in that it comprises a gas circulation device, a gas improvement device and a control system. The gas circulation device is used to absorb and transport the gas at the bottom of the greenhouse to form a negative pressure, and transport the improved gas to the top of the crop to actively circulate the gas from top to bottom; the gas improvement device is used to absorb the gas and dehumidify the gas, Warming or increasing CO 2 concentration and ozone concentration treatment are used for active circulation to the interior of the greenhouse; the control system is used to control the precise operation of the gas circulation device and the gas improvement device.
所述的气体循环装置包括主通风管、分布伸缩通风管、输风管、固定绳，所述的主通风管位于地面种植区一侧，输送气体至气体改良装置；所述的分布伸缩通风管一端和主通风管连接，另一端可自由伸缩进入种植区行间隙吸取气体；所述的输风管是将改良气体输送至种植区上方，进行主动循环；所述的固定绳两端固定在温室墙体上，负责支撑悬吊通风管；The gas circulation device includes a main ventilation pipe, a distributed telescopic ventilation pipe, an air supply pipe, and a fixed rope. The main ventilation pipe is located on one side of the ground planting area and transports gas to the gas improvement device; the distributed telescopic ventilation pipe One end is connected with the main ventilation pipe, and the other end can be freely retracted into the planting area to absorb gas; the air supply pipe is used to transport the improved gas to the top of the planting area for active circulation; the two ends of the fixed rope are fixed in the greenhouse On the wall, it is responsible for supporting the suspended ventilation pipe;
所述的气体改良装置包括除湿机、暖风机、臭氧机、CO2发生器、通风管组件、通风阀；所述的除湿机进风端连接主通风管的出风端，对吸取的气体进行除湿处理；所述的暖风机进风口连接除湿机出风口，吸取气体并对通过的空气进行增温处理；所述的暖风机加热功率可调；所述的臭氧机制造臭氧并随输风管排放到温室中进行杀菌消毒；所述的CO2发生器接入输风管路中，产生CO2并输送至种植区进行CO2施肥；所述的通风管组件是用于连接除湿机、暖风机、臭氧机、CO2发生器和通风阀等部件；所述的通风阀是用于管路的通断；The gas improvement device includes a dehumidifier, a heater, an ozone machine, a CO 2 generator, a ventilation pipe assembly, and a ventilation valve; the air inlet end of the dehumidifier is connected to the air outlet end of the main ventilation pipe, and the absorbed gas is subjected to Dehumidification treatment; the air inlet of the heater is connected to the air outlet of the dehumidifier to absorb gas and heat the passing air; the heating power of the heater is adjustable; the ozone machine produces ozone and is accompanied by the air pipe Discharge into the greenhouse for sterilization and disinfection; the CO 2 generator is connected to the air supply pipeline to generate CO 2 and transport it to the planting area for CO 2 fertilization; the ventilation pipe assembly is used for connecting the dehumidifier, heating Fans, ozone machines, CO 2 generators, ventilation valves and other components; the ventilation valves are used for on-off of pipelines;
所述的控制系统包括控制箱、主控器、除湿机控制器、暖风机控制器、臭氧机控制器、CO2控制器、通风阀驱动器、变压器、传感器模块、输入输出接口和电源。所述的控制箱用于安装主控器、除湿机控制器、暖风机控制器、臭氧机控制器、CO2控制器；所述的主控器选用STM32型单片机；所述的除湿机控制器一端连接主控器，一端连接除湿机，主控器发出信号控制除湿机工作；所述的暖风机控制器一端连接主控器，一端连接暖风机，主控器发出信号控制暖风机工作模式；所述的臭氧机控制器一端连接主控器，一端连接臭氧机，主控器发出信号控制臭氧机的工作；所述的CO2控制器一端连接主控器，一端连CO2发生器，主控器发出信号控制CO2发生器的工作；所述的通风阀驱动器一端连接主控器，一端连接不同部位的通风阀，主控器发出信号控制相应位置的通风阀开闭；所述的变压器将电源输出的交流电转化为控制器、驱动器所需的电压；所述的传感器模块包括风速风量传感器、温湿度传感器、臭氧浓度传感器及CO2浓度传感器；所述的输入输出接口用于串接主控器、除湿机控制器、暖风机控制器、臭氧机控制器、CO2控制器、通风阀驱动器、变压器、传感器模块；所述的电源可为控制系统提供电能。The control system includes a control box, a main controller, a dehumidifier controller, a heater controller, an ozone machine controller, a CO2 controller, a ventilation valve driver, a transformer, a sensor module, an input and output interface and a power supply. The control box is used to install the main controller, dehumidifier controller, heater controller, ozone machine controller, CO 2 controller; the main controller selects STM32 single-chip microcomputer; the dehumidifier controller One end is connected to the main controller, the other end is connected to the dehumidifier, and the main controller sends a signal to control the operation of the dehumidifier; one end of the heater controller is connected to the main controller, and the other end is connected to the heater, and the main controller sends a signal to control the working mode of the heater; One end of the ozone machine controller is connected to the main controller, the other end is connected to the ozone machine, and the main controller sends a signal to control the work of the ozone machine; one end of the CO 2 controller is connected to the main controller, and the other end is connected to the CO The controller sends a signal to control the work of the CO 2 generator; one end of the ventilation valve driver is connected to the main controller, and the other end is connected to the ventilation valves in different parts, and the main controller sends a signal to control the opening and closing of the ventilation valves at the corresponding positions; the transformer Convert the AC power output by the power supply into the voltage required by the controller and the driver; the sensor module includes a wind speed and air volume sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an ozone concentration sensor and a CO 2 concentration sensor; the input and output interfaces are used for connecting the main Controller, dehumidifier controller, heater controller, ozone machine controller, CO 2 controller, ventilation valve driver, transformer, sensor module; the power supply can provide electrical energy for the control system.
与现在技术相比，本实用新型所具有的有益效果：Compared with the current technology, the beneficial effects of the present utility model:
1、采用分布式主动循环的方式实现种植区的空气循环，温室内空气循环的均匀性与针对性大大改善，提高了气体处理效率；1. The air circulation in the planting area is realized by the distributed active circulation method, the uniformity and pertinence of the air circulation in the greenhouse are greatly improved, and the gas treatment efficiency is improved;
2、温室空气循环作业当中可根据需求进行除湿、增温、杀菌消毒、气体施肥作业，具有多功能、成本低、效率高等优点；2. In the greenhouse air circulation operation, dehumidification, temperature increase, sterilization and gas fertilization can be carried out according to the needs, which has the advantages of multi-function, low cost and high efficiency;
3、分布伸缩通风管工作时可根据需求布置在种植区行间空隙，其他时间不会影响作物管理，结构紧凑。3. The distributed telescopic ventilation pipes can be arranged in the gaps between the rows of the planting area according to the needs during work, and the crop management will not be affected at other times, and the structure is compact.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为分布式主动循环温室空气质量调控装置整体结构图；Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the distributed active circulation greenhouse air quality control device;
图2为分布伸缩通风管与输风管开孔气流示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the air flow of the distribution telescopic ventilation pipe and the opening of the air supply pipe;
图中：1、分布伸缩通风管 2、主通风管 3、臭氧机 4、通风阀 5、通风管组件 6、CO2发生器 7、暖风机 8、除湿机 9、输风管 10、固定绳In the figure: 1. Distribution telescopic ventilation pipe 2, main ventilation pipe 3, ozone machine 4, ventilation valve 5, ventilation pipe assembly 6, CO 2 generator 7, heater 8,
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本实用新型基于分布式主动循环的温室空气质量调控装置，其特征在于：包括气体循环装置、气体改良装置、控制系统。所述的气体循环装置是将温室底部气体吸取输送形成负压，将改良气体输送至作物上方使气体由上至下主动循环；所述的气体改良装置是用于吸取气体并对气体进行除湿、增温或增加CO2浓度、臭氧浓度处理，用于主动循环至温室内部；所述的控制系统是用于控制气体循环装置、气体改良装置精准运行。The utility model is a greenhouse air quality control device based on distributed active circulation, which is characterized in that it comprises a gas circulation device, a gas improvement device and a control system. The gas circulation device is used to absorb and transport the gas at the bottom of the greenhouse to form a negative pressure, and transport the improved gas to the top of the crop to actively circulate the gas from top to bottom; the gas improvement device is used to absorb the gas and dehumidify the gas, The temperature increase or CO2 concentration and ozone concentration treatment are used for active circulation to the interior of the greenhouse; the control system is used to control the precise operation of the gas circulation device and the gas improvement device.
所述的气体循环装置包括主通风管2、分布伸缩通风管1、输风管9和固定绳10；所述的主通风管2位于地面种植区一侧，输送气体至气体改良装置；所述的分布伸缩通风管1一端和主通风管2连接，另一端可自由伸缩进入种植区行间隙吸取气体；所述的输风管9是将改良气体输送至种植区上方，进行主动循环；所述的固定绳10两端固定在温室两侧墙体上，负责支撑悬吊通风管；The gas circulation device includes a main ventilation pipe 2, a distribution telescopic ventilation pipe 1, an
所述的气体改良装置包括除湿机8、暖风机7、臭氧机3、CO2发生器6、通风管组件5、通风管组件4。所述的除湿机8进风端连接主通风管2的出风端，对吸取的空气进行除湿处理；所述的暖风机7进风口连接除湿机8出风口，对空气进行吸取并对通过的空气进行增温处理；所述的暖风机7进风口连接除湿机8 出风口，吸取气体并对通过的气体进行增温处理；所述的暖风机加热功率可调；所述的臭氧机3制造臭氧并随输风管9排放到温室中进行杀菌消毒；所述的CO2发生器6接入输风管9路中，产生CO2并输送至种植区进行CO2施肥；所述的通风管组件5是用于连接除湿机8、暖风机7、臭氧机3、CO2发生器6和通风管组件4等部件；所述的通风管组件4是用于管路的通断；The gas improvement device includes a dehumidifier 8 , a heater 7 , an ozone machine 3 , a CO 2 generator 6 , a ventilation pipe assembly 5 , and a ventilation pipe assembly 4 . The air inlet end of the dehumidifier 8 is connected to the air outlet end of the main ventilation pipe 2, and the sucked air is dehumidified; the air inlet of the heater 7 is connected to the air outlet of the dehumidifier 8, and the air is absorbed and passed through. The air is heated; the air inlet of the air heater 7 is connected to the air outlet of the dehumidifier 8, and the air is absorbed and the passing gas is heated; the heating power of the air heater is adjustable; the ozone machine 3 is manufactured Ozone is also discharged into the greenhouse for sterilization and disinfection along with the
所述的控制系统包括控制箱、主控器、除湿机8控制器、暖风机7控制器、臭氧机3控制器、CO2控制器、通风管组件4驱动器、变压器、传感器模块、输入输出接口和电源；所述的控制箱用于安装主控器、除湿机8控制器、暖风机7 控制器、臭氧机3控制器、CO2控制器；所述的主控器选用STM32型单片机；所述的除湿机8控制器一端连接主控器，一端连接除湿机8，主控器发出信号控制除湿机8工作；所述的暖风机7控制器一端连接主控器，一端连接暖风机7，主控器发出信号控制暖风机7工作模式；所述的臭氧机3控制器一端连接主控器，一端连接臭氧机3，主控器发出信号控制臭氧机3的工作；所述的CO2控制器一端连接主控器，一端连CO2发生器6，主控器发出信号控制CO2发生器6的工作；所述的通风管组件4驱动器一端连接主控器，一端连接不同部位的通风管组件4，主控器发出信号控制相应位置的通风管组件4开闭；所述的变压器将电源输出的交流电转化为控制器、驱动器所需的电压；所述的传感器模块包括风速风量传感器、温湿度传感器、臭氧浓度传感器及CO2浓度传感器；所述的输入输出接口用于串接主控器、除湿机控制器、暖风机控制器、臭氧机控制器、CO2控制器、通风管组件驱动器、变压器、传感器模块；所述的电源可为控制系统提供电能。The described control system includes a control box, a main controller, a dehumidifier 8 controller, a heater 7 controller, an ozone machine 3 controller, a CO 2 controller, a ventilation duct assembly 4 driver, a transformer, a sensor module, and an input and output interface. and power supply; described control box is used to install main controller, dehumidifier 8 controller, heater 7 controller, ozone machine 3 controller, CO 2 controller; described main controller selects STM32 type single-chip microcomputer; One end of the described dehumidifier 8 controller is connected to the main controller, one end is connected to the dehumidifier 8, and the main controller sends a signal to control the work of the dehumidifier 8; one end of the described heater 7 controller is connected to the master controller, and one end is connected to the heater 7, The main controller sends a signal to control the working mode of the heater 7; one end of the controller of the ozone machine 3 is connected to the main controller, and the other end is connected to the ozone machine 3, and the main controller sends a signal to control the work of the ozone machine 3; the CO 2 control One end of the device is connected to the main controller, one end is connected to the CO 2 generator 6, and the main controller sends a signal to control the work of the CO 2 generator 6; one end of the described ventilation pipe assembly 4 driver is connected to the main controller, and one end is connected to the ventilation pipes of different parts Component 4, the main controller sends a signal to control the opening and closing of the ventilation pipe component 4 at the corresponding position; the transformer converts the alternating current output from the power supply into the voltage required by the controller and the driver; the sensor module includes a wind speed and air volume sensor, a temperature Humidity sensor, ozone concentration sensor and CO 2 concentration sensor; the input and output interfaces are used to connect the main controller, dehumidifier controller, heater controller, ozone machine controller, CO 2 controller, and ventilation duct assembly driver in series , transformer, sensor module; the power supply can provide electrical energy for the control system.
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