CN211829100U

CN211829100U - Battery core capacity grading device and equipment

Info

Publication number: CN211829100U
Application number: CN202020301121.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜家刚
Original assignee: Shenzhen Smart New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-12
Filing date: 2020-03-12
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-12

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric core partial volume device and equipment, electric core partial volume device includes: the capacity dividing units are respectively connected with a single battery cell, each capacity dividing unit is provided with a first current path and a second current path which are connected in parallel, the first current path passes through the single battery cell, and the second current path does not pass through the single battery cell; the first current path of any capacity grading unit is connected with the first current path or the second current path of other capacity grading units in series; and the control unit is connected with the capacity-dividing units and is used for controlling the on state and the off state of the first current path and the second current path. The utility model discloses need not every monomer electricity core and all supporting partial volume device alone and carry out the partial volume operation, saved equipment cost, improved operating efficiency.

Description

Battery core capacity grading device and equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery technology field, concretely relates to electric core partial volume device and equipment.

Background

The battery is assembled by a plurality of single battery cores in parallel and series connection. In order to ensure the quality and the service life of the battery, the characteristics of the capacity and the like of the single battery cells participating in the assembly should meet the requirements, and therefore, the capacity grading treatment needs to be performed on the single battery cells. Meanwhile, along with the increase of the application quantity of high-capacity batteries and the increase of the secondary capacity grading requirement after the retirement of power batteries, higher requirements are provided for the battery core capacity grading technology.

The usual electric core partial volume mode among the prior art is for carrying out the partial volume operation to single monomer electricity core, and a plurality of monomer electricity cores then need do the partial volume to each monomer electricity core one by one promptly and handle, and this kind of mode has following problem at least:

1. the capacity grading operation is carried out on a single battery cell, the operation efficiency is low, and the equipment cost is high;

2. the voltage of the monomer battery cell is low, the charging and discharging efficiency of the monomer battery cell is only about 50%, and the charging and discharging efficiency is low.

How to provide a cell partial volume mode that can effectively improve charge-discharge efficiency and operating efficiency, be favorable to reducing equipment cost simultaneously, there is not effectual solution in the prior art at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses to the proposition of above problem, and provide one kind and can effectively improve charge-discharge efficiency and operating efficiency, be favorable to reducing equipment cost's electric core partial volume device simultaneously, still provide one kind simultaneously and possess the electric core partial volume equipment of this kind of electric core partial volume device.

The utility model discloses a technical means be: provided is a cell capacity grading device, including:

the capacity dividing units are respectively connected with a single battery cell, each capacity dividing unit is provided with a first current path and a second current path which are connected in parallel, the first current path passes through the single battery cell, and the second current path does not pass through the single battery cell; the first current path of any capacity grading unit is connected with the first current path or the second current path of other capacity grading units in series; and

and the control unit is connected with the capacity-dividing units and is used for controlling the on state and the off state of the first current path and the second current path.

The utility model discloses another technical means who adopts is: provided is a cell capacity grading apparatus including:

a plurality of capacity grading channels;

the battery cell capacity grading device; each capacity grading channel is provided with one battery cell capacity grading device.

Since the technical scheme is used, the utility model provides an electric core partial volume device and equipment, through the configuration of partial volume unit, can concatenate a plurality of monomer electricity cores together, carry out the bypass to accomplishing the monomer electricity core that charges or discharge, all the other a plurality of monomer electricity cores charge or discharge when continuing to carry out the partial volume, can realize carrying out the partial volume simultaneously to a plurality of monomer electricity cores and handle. The utility model discloses need not every monomer electricity core and all supporting partial volume device alone and carry out the partial volume operation, saved equipment cost, improved operating efficiency. Compared with the charge-discharge efficiency of a single monomer battery cell, the charge-discharge efficiency can be effectively improved by simultaneously charging and discharging a plurality of monomer battery cells.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Wherein:

fig. 1 is a block diagram of a cell capacity grading device in one embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a cell capacity grading device in one embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a cell capacity grading device in one embodiment;

fig. 4 is a block diagram of a structure of the cell capacity grading device in one embodiment.

In the figure: 1. the battery cell capacity grading device comprises a battery cell capacity grading device 2, a capacity grading channel 3, a single battery cell 10, a capacity grading unit 11, a control unit 12, a first detection unit 13, an input unit 14, a driving unit 15, a second detection unit 16, a first charge and discharge end 17, a second charge and discharge end 18, a charge part 19, a discharge part 100, a first current path 101, a second current path 102, a switching part 110, a protection part 112, a capacity calculation part 113 and a charge regulation part.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and not limitation. In the case of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

The utility model provides an electric core partial volume device 1, it is shown with reference to figure 1, in an embodiment, electric core partial volume device 1 can include: a plurality of capacity-dividing units 10, and a control unit 11 connected to the plurality of capacity-dividing units 10. The number of the capacity grading units is 2 or more, 4 capacity grading units 10 are shown in fig. 1, and the number is only an example, and the number of the capacity grading units 10 may be configured as needed in practical applications. Each capacity-dividing unit 10 can be connected to one cell 3, and each capacity-dividing unit has a first current path 100 and a second current path 101 that are connected in parallel with each other, where the first current path 100 passes through the cell 3, that is, the cell 3 is connected in series to the first current path 100, and the second current path 101 does not pass through the cell 3, that is, when the second current path 101 is connected, it can bypass the cell 3. The first current path 100 of any capacity-dividing unit 10 is connected in series with the first current path 100 or the second current path 101 of other capacity-dividing units 10, the first current path 100 and the second current path 101 of each capacity-dividing unit 10 are connected in parallel to form parallel branches, the parallel branches included in each capacity-dividing unit 10 are connected in series, and the path connected in series in any capacity-dividing unit 10 is the first current path 100 or the second current path 101 currently connected by the capacity-dividing unit 10. The control unit 11 is configured to control an on state and an off state of the first current path 100 and the second current path 101, the first current path 100 having the on state and the off state, the second current path 101 having the on state and the off state, the first current path 100 and the second current path 101 changing states based on the control of the control unit 11. The single battery cell 3 generally refers to a single electrochemical cell having positive and negative electrodes, the voltage of the single battery cell 3 is generally about 3.2V, and may also be other lower voltages, and thus when a capacity grading means in the prior art is adopted, that is, when a capacity grading operation is performed on the single battery cell 3 having a lower voltage, the actual charging and discharging efficiency is lower, and is generally about 50%.

A first charge-discharge end 16 and a second charge-discharge end 17 may be configured at two ends of the multiple capacity-dividing units 10 connected in sequence, and a charging power supply, a power grid, and the like for charging each single battery cell 3, and a discharge load, a power grid, and the like for discharging each single battery cell 3 may be connected between the first charge-discharge end 16 and the second charge-discharge end 17. For any capacity-dividing unit 10, when the first current path 100 included in the capacity-dividing unit 10 is in the on state, the single battery cell 3 connected to the capacity-dividing unit 10 may be charged or discharged, and when the second current path 101 included in the capacity-dividing unit 10 is in the on state, the single battery cell 3 connected to the capacity-dividing unit 10 is bypassed by the second current path 101, and charging or discharging cannot be performed. The unit cells 3 of the multiple capacity-dividing units 10 may be charged or discharged simultaneously, and the bypass may be implemented by switching the first current path 100 and the second current path 101 by the capacity-dividing unit 10 connected thereto, without the unit cells 3 being charged or discharged.

In this embodiment, through the structural configuration of the capacity grading unit 10, the plurality of monomer battery cells 3 may be connected in series, the monomer battery cells 3 that have completed charging or discharging are bypassed, and the remaining plurality of monomer battery cells 3 continue to be charged or discharged during capacity grading, so that the capacity grading process can be performed on the plurality of monomer battery cells 3 at the same time. The utility model discloses need not every monomer electricity core 3 and all supporting partial volume device alone and carry out the partial volume operation, saved equipment cost, improved operating efficiency. Compared with the charge-discharge efficiency of a single monomer electric core 3, the plurality of monomer electric cores 3 connected in series are charged and discharged simultaneously, the same charge current or discharge current is provided, the overall voltage at two ends of the plurality of partial volume units 10 is increased, the charge-discharge efficiency can be effectively improved, and the charge-discharge efficiency can be improved to about 90% in actual operation.

In one embodiment, the control unit 11 may control the first current path 100 to be disconnected and the second current path 101 to be connected when the current parameter of the cell 3 satisfies a preset protection condition, and for each capacity-dividing unit 10, when the current parameter of the cell 3 connected thereto satisfies the preset protection condition, the control unit 11 performs a state control operation of the first current path 100 and the second current path 101. The preset protection condition may include a plurality of preset protection conditions, for example, in an embodiment, the current parameter of the individual battery cell 3 at least includes an individual battery cell voltage, and accordingly, the preset protection condition may include at least one of the individual battery cell voltage not higher than an undervoltage protection threshold and the individual battery cell voltage not lower than an overvoltage protection threshold, that is, when the individual battery cell voltage is lower than or equal to the undervoltage protection threshold or higher than or equal to the overvoltage protection threshold, the preset protection condition is considered to be satisfied, and the control unit 11 is further required to control the first current path 100 to be switched off, and the second current path 101 to be switched on. The current parameter of the monomer electric core 3 may further include other parameters of the monomer electric core 3, and similarly, the other parameters of the monomer electric core 3 correspond to corresponding preset protection conditions, for example, the current parameter of the monomer electric core 3 may further include a charging current of the monomer electric core 3, and then the preset protection conditions may further include at least one of that the charging current of the monomer electric core 3 is not higher than an under-current protection threshold and that the charging current of the monomer electric core 3 is not lower than an over-current protection threshold. For different individual battery cells 3, the protection thresholds may be different, for example, the under-voltage protection thresholds of different individual battery cells 3 may be different, and the over-voltage protection thresholds, the under-current protection thresholds, or the over-current protection thresholds of different individual battery cells 3 may also be different.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cell capacity grading device 1 may further include: the first detection unit 12 is configured to detect a voltage of each of the individual electric cores 3, and the first detection unit 12 may be a voltage acquisition component, a voltage detection component, a voltage sensor, and the like connected to the individual electric core 3 to be detected. In one embodiment, the control unit 11 may include: a protection unit 110, connected to the first detection unit 12, and configured to output a control signal for turning off the first current path 100 and turning on the second current path 101 when the voltage of the cell 3 is not higher than an undervoltage protection threshold or the voltage of the cell 3 is not lower than an overvoltage protection threshold.

In one embodiment, the control unit 11 may control the first current path 100 to be turned on and the second current path 101 to be turned off according to the received charging command or discharging command. After receiving the charging instruction, the control unit 11 connects the first current path 100, so that the individual electric cores 3 connected to the capacity-dividing unit 10 are charged. After receiving the discharge instruction, the control unit 11 switches on the first current path 100, so that the single battery cells 3 connected to the capacity-dividing unit 10 are discharged.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the battery cell capacity grading device 1 may further include an input unit 13 configured to input a charging instruction or a discharging instruction, a user may perform charging and discharging operations of the battery cell capacity grading device 1 through the input unit 13, and the input unit 13 may be an input device such as a human-computer interface and a key.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the capacity-dividing unit 10 may further include a switching unit 102 connected to the control unit 11, the first current path 100, and the second current path 101, and the switching unit 102 switches states of the first current path 100 and the second current path 101 based on a control signal output by the control unit 11. The switch 102 may be a controllable switch, such as a relay, other electronically controllable component, or the like.

As shown in fig. 2, the switching portion 102 of each capacity-dividing unit 10 includes a relay, and the relay includes a normally closed contact, a normally open contact, and a common contact connected to the normally closed contact and the normally open contact, where the normally closed contact is connected to the first current path 100, the normally open contact is connected to the second current path 101, when the cell 3 of the capacity-dividing unit 10 is charged or discharged, the normally closed contact of the relay is closed to the common contact, the normally open contact of the relay is disconnected from the common contact, when the cell 3 of the capacity-dividing unit 10 is bypassed, the normally open contact of the relay is closed to the common contact, and the normally closed contact of the relay is disconnected from the common contact, and the relays K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, and … … KN in fig. 2 are all the switching portion 102.

As shown in fig. 3, the switching unit 102 of each capacity-dividing unit 10 includes 2 controllable switches, one of which is connected in series in the first current path 100, the other of which is connected in series in the second current path 101, and when one of the controllable switches of each capacity-dividing unit 10 is turned on, the other is turned off, and the controllable switches Ks1 and Ks2, Ks3 and Ks4, Ks5 and Ks6, Ks7 and Ks8, Ks9 and Ks10, Ks11 and Ks12, and Ks2N-1 and Ks2N in fig. 3 are all the switching units 102.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cell capacity grading device 1 may further include: and a driving unit 14 connected to the control unit 11 and the switching unit 102, for generating a driving signal to be output to the switching unit 102 based on a control signal of the control unit 11.

In one embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 2 and 3, the control unit 11 may include: a capacity calculation unit 112 configured to calculate a capacity of each of the individual electric cells 3. The capacity of the individual electric cells 3 may be further classified according to the capacity calculation result of the capacity calculation unit 112 for each individual electric cell 3.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cell capacity grading device 1 may further include: the second detecting unit 15 is configured to detect a charging time and a charging current of each of the individual battery cells 3, where the charging time is a duration from the start of charging to the end of charging of the individual battery cell 3, and the charging current is a current change when the individual battery cell 3 is charged, and the second detecting unit 15 may include time detecting means for detecting the charging time and current detecting means for detecting the charging current. The capacity calculation unit 112 may be connected to the second detection unit 15 and configured to calculate the capacity of each cell 3 based on the detection result of the second detection unit 15, specifically, the capacity of each cell 3 is equal to the charging time and the charging current, and of course, the capacity calculation unit 112 may also obtain the capacity of each cell 3 by adopting other capacity calculation methods.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cell capacity grading device 1 may further include: a first charge-discharge end 16 and a second charge-discharge end 17 for charging or discharging each of the unit cells 3 through the plurality of capacity-dividing units 10. A charging part 18 and/or a discharging part 19 may be disposed between the first charge and discharge terminal 16 and the second charge and discharge terminal 17.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cell capacity grading device 1 may further include: a charging part 18 disposed between the first charging and discharging terminal 16 and the second charging and discharging terminal 17, wherein the charging part 18 may be a charging power source, a power grid, etc. capable of providing charging power. In one embodiment, the control unit 11 may include: a charge adjusting unit 113 connected to the charging unit 18, configured to adjust an output of the charging unit 18 according to the number of the cell 3 connected to the charging unit 18, where when the number of the cell 3 connected to the charging unit 18 is large, an output voltage of the charging unit 18 is high, and when the number of the cell 3 connected to the charging unit 18 is small, the output voltage of the charging unit 18 is low. The charging unit 18 may directly perform output adaptation according to the number of the individual battery cells 3 that need to be charged.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cell capacity grading device 1 may further include: and a discharge part 19 disposed between the first charge and discharge terminal 16 and the second charge and discharge terminal 17. The discharge part 19 may be a discharge load, a power grid, or the like capable of absorbing electric energy released by the cell 3.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the operation of the cell capacity grading device 1 is exemplarily described, assuming that 6 single cells 3 with different capacities are subjected to capacity grading operation and test by the single cells B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6. The capacity of the cell B1 is 28AH, the capacity of the cell B2 is 30AH, the capacity of the cell B3 is 25AH, the capacity of the cell B4 is 26AH, the capacity of the cell B5 is 29AH, and the capacity of the cell B6 is 30 AH. After receiving the discharge command, the control unit 11 turns on the first current path 100 of each capacity-dividing unit 10, and then the 6 unit cells 3 are connected in series in one circuit. Discharging each single battery cell 3, in the discharging process, since the capacity of the single battery cell B3 is the minimum, the parameter of the single battery cell B3 firstly meets the preset protection condition, that is, the voltage of the single battery cell B3 reaches the condition of not being higher than the undervoltage protection threshold, at this time, the switching part 102 in fig. 2, that is, the relay K3 or the switching part 102 in fig. 3, that is, the switches Ks5 and Ks6, are controlled to bypass the single battery cell B3, and then the single battery cell B3 does not discharge any more. And continuing the discharging process, sequentially bypassing the other 5 single battery cells 3 until the discharging of the single battery cells 3 is finished, at this time, the first current paths 100 of the capacity-dividing units 10 are all disconnected, and the second current paths 101 are all connected. After receiving the charging command, the control unit 11 turns on the first current path 100 of each capacity-dividing unit 10, and inputs a certain charging current from the first charging and discharging terminal 16 and the second charging and discharging terminal 17 to charge each cell 3, and similarly, since the capacity of the cell B3 is the minimum, the parameter of the cell B3 first meets the preset protection condition, that is, the voltage of the cell B3 reaches the condition that is not lower than the overvoltage protection threshold, at this time, the switch part 102 in fig. 2, that is, the relay K3 or the switch part 102 in fig. 3, can control the switches Ks5 and Ks6 to bypass the cell B3, and the cell B3 is not charged any more. Adjusting the output of the charging portion 18 between the first charging and discharging end 16 and the second charging and discharging end 17, reducing the output voltage of the charging portion 18 to adapt to the charging voltage required by the remaining 5 monomer electric cores 3, and continuing the charging process, so that the other 5 monomer electric cores 3 are bypassed in sequence until the charging of the monomer electric cores 3 is finished, at this time, the first current paths 100 of the capacity-dividing units 10 are all disconnected, and the second current paths 101 are all connected. The capacity of each individual cell 3 is obtained from the charging current and the charging time of each individual cell 3.

The utility model also provides an electric core partial volume equipment, in an embodiment, it is shown with reference to figure 4, and it can include: a plurality of capacity separation channels 2; the cell capacity grading device 1 according to any of the embodiments; each capacity grading channel 2 is provided with one battery cell capacity grading device 1, and each battery cell capacity grading device 1 can carry out capacity grading for a plurality of monomer battery cells 3, and compared with the prior art that one monomer battery cell occupies 1 capacity grading channel, this embodiment is favorable to saving equipment cost.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. An electric core capacity grading device, characterized in that, electric core capacity grading device includes:

2. The battery cell capacity grading device of claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the first current path to be switched off and the second current path to be switched on when the current parameter of the battery cell meets a preset protection condition.

3. The cell capacity grading device of claim 2,

the current parameters of the single battery cells at least comprise single battery cell voltages; the preset protection condition comprises at least one of the voltage of the single battery cell is not higher than an undervoltage protection threshold value and the voltage of the single battery cell is not lower than an overvoltage protection threshold value;

the battery cell capacity grading device further comprises: the first detection unit is used for detecting the voltage of each single battery cell;

the control unit includes: and the protection part is connected with the first detection unit and used for outputting control signals for switching off the first current path and switching on the second current path under the condition that the voltage of the single battery cell is not higher than an undervoltage protection threshold value or the voltage of the single battery cell is not lower than an overvoltage protection threshold value.

4. The battery cell capacity grading device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the first current path to be switched on and the second current path to be switched off according to a received charging instruction or discharging instruction.

5. The battery cell capacity grading device according to claim 1, wherein the capacity grading unit further includes a switching unit connected to the control unit, the first current path, and the second current path, and the switching unit switches the states of the first current path and the second current path based on a control signal output by the control unit.

6. The cell capacity grading device of claim 5, further comprising:

the driving unit is connected with the control unit and the switching part and used for generating a driving signal output to the switching part based on a control signal of the control unit;

the switching part is a relay.

7. The cell capacity grading device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises:

and a capacity calculation unit for calculating the capacity of each of the individual electric cells.

8. The cell capacity grading device of claim 7,

the battery cell capacity grading device further comprises: the second detection unit is used for detecting the charging time and the charging current of each single battery cell;

the capacity calculation unit is connected with the second detection unit and used for calculating the capacity of each single battery cell based on the detection result of the second detection unit.

9. The cell capacity grading device of claim 1,

the battery cell capacity grading device further comprises: a first charge-discharge end and a second charge-discharge end for charging or discharging each single battery cell through a plurality of capacity grading units;

a charging section disposed between the first charge-discharge terminal and the second charge-discharge terminal; and

a discharge part disposed between the first charge and discharge end and the second charge and discharge end;

the control unit includes: and the charging adjusting part is connected with the charging part and used for adjusting the output of the charging part according to the number of the single battery cells connected into the charging part.

10. The utility model provides a battery core partial volume equipment which characterized in that, battery core partial volume equipment includes:

a plurality of capacity grading channels;

the cell partial volume device of any one of claims 1 to 9; each capacity grading channel is provided with one battery cell capacity grading device.