CN211782276U - 一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统 - Google Patents

一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统 Download PDF

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CN211782276U
CN211782276U CN202020423731.8U CN202020423731U CN211782276U CN 211782276 U CN211782276 U CN 211782276U CN 202020423731 U CN202020423731 U CN 202020423731U CN 211782276 U CN211782276 U CN 211782276U
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expander
booster
heat exchanger
compressor
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王景平
姚细俊
刘维芳
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Hubei Xishui Lantian United Gas Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04339—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air
    • F25J3/04345—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air and comprising a gas work expansion loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air

Abstract

本实用新型是一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统，包括空气压缩机、增压膨胀机A、增压膨胀机B和换热器，所述空气压缩机的输入端连接纯化器，空气压缩机的输出端分为两部分，其中一部分依次串联增压膨胀机A的增压机A和增压膨胀机B的增压机B，增压机A和增压机B的输出端共同连接换热器后再连接增压膨胀机B的膨胀机B；空气压缩机的输出端还有一部分连接换热器后再连接增压膨胀机A的膨胀机A，膨胀机A和膨胀机B的输出端共同连接换热器后再连接空气压缩机的输入端，膨胀机B的输出端还有一部分连接分馏系统；本实用新型通过简单地改造现有空分系统提高了产量及产品纯度，降低了能耗，同时工艺简洁，设备投入少。

Description

一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统
技术领域
本实用新型涉及空气分离技术领域，具体是一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统。
背景技术
通过空气分离技术生产的纯氧、纯氮、纯氩等高纯度气体或液体产品是目前工业生产或医疗好行业中必需的，空分企业始终追求产品的产量及纯度，日常生产的能耗也非常大，现有的空分系统以提高产量及纯度为目的进行改造一般都会使系统结构复杂，工艺流程更复杂，设备投入成本剧增。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的就是为了简单地改造现有的空分系统而实现提高产量及产品纯度，提供一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统，同时满足工艺简洁、设备投入少的要求。
本实用新型的具体方案是：一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统，包括空气压缩机、增压膨胀机A、增压膨胀机B和换热器，所述空气压缩机的输入端连接纯化器，空气压缩机的输出端分为两部分，其中一部分依次串联增压膨胀机A的增压机A和增压膨胀机B的增压机B，增压机A和增压机B的输出端共同连接换热器后再连接增压膨胀机B的膨胀机B；空气压缩机的输出端还有一部分连接换热器后再连接增压膨胀机A的膨胀机A，膨胀机A和膨胀机B的输出端共同连接换热器后再连接空气压缩机的输入端，膨胀机B的输出端还有一部分连接分馏系统。
本实用新型还包括冷箱，所述增压机A及增压机B的输出端经换热器后有一部分连接所述冷箱。
本实用新型所述增压机A与增压机B的输出端之间设有旁通管道，旁通管道上装有旁通阀。
本实用新型的工作原理如下：空分系统是以理想气体状态方程作为理论依据，在气体摩尔数一定的情况下，膨胀压力越高，温度下降越多，冷量就越多，蓄冷量增大，冷量可通过冷箱、换热器进行换热，降低进气温度，增压机吸入的空气量就越多，从而提高产量；由于气体下降的温度越低，接近于饱和状态下液氧的沸点，为下一步分馏工序提供更好的工艺条件，从而降低分馏系统负荷，使分馏效果更好，从而提高产品纯度；本实用新型通过设置两台增压膨胀机串联，使膨胀压差增大，蓄冷量增加，保证增压机进口温度，提高增压机进气量从而实现提高产量的目的；在同样做功的情况下，实现能耗下降。
本实用新型具有以下有益效果：通过简单地改造现有空分系统提高了产量及产品纯度，降低了能耗，工艺简洁，设备投入少。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型结构流程示意图；
图中：1-空气压缩机，2-增压膨胀机A，21-增压机A，22-膨胀机A，3-增压膨胀机B，31-增压机B，32-膨胀机B，4-旁通阀，5-换热器，6-冷箱，7-分馏系统。
具体实施方式
参见图1，本实施例包括空气压缩机1、增压膨胀机A2、增压膨胀机B3和换热器5，所述空气压缩机1的输入端连接纯化器，空气压缩机1的输出端分为两部分，其中一部分依次串联增压膨胀机A2的增压机A21和增压膨胀机B3的增压机B31，增压机A21和增压机B31的输出端共同连接换热器5后再连接增压膨胀机B3的膨胀机B32；空气压缩机1的输出端还有一部分连接换热器5后再连接增压膨胀机A2的膨胀机A22，膨胀机A22和膨胀机B32的输出端共同连接换热器5后再连接空气压缩机1的输入端，膨胀机B32的输出端还有一部分连接分馏系统7；本实施例还包括冷箱6，所述增压机A21及增压机B31的输出端经换热器5后有一部分连接所述冷箱6再进入分馏系统7。
经纯化器彻底净除水分与二氧化碳的空气与从分馏系统7经冷箱6返流的空气一起送入空气压缩机1压缩后压力提高到约2.7MPa，这股压缩空气又被分为两部分；一部分压缩空气直接进入换热器5，从换热器5的上部抽出进入膨胀机A22膨胀制冷，再从换热器5的中部进入为换热器5的上中部提供冷量，被正流空气复热后，进入空气压缩机1加压到规定压力再次循环；另一部分压缩空气进入增压机A21将增压至约4.4MPa，冷却后进入增压机B31增压至约6.3MPa，经过换热器5冷却后进入冷箱6，在换热器5中部抽出部分增压空气，进入膨胀机B32膨胀制冷，为装置提供所需的冷量，膨胀后的空气分为两部分：一部分进入换热器5被正流空气复热后进入空气压缩机1加压到规定压力再次循环；另一部分进入分馏系统7参与精馏；在换热器5中部剩下的一部分增压空气，被返流气体冷却到液化温度后从换热器5下部抽出，经冷箱6过冷后节流送入分馏系统7。
本实施例所述增压机A21与增压机B22的输出端之间设有旁通管道，旁通管道上装有旁通阀4，旁通阀4作为增压气的回流阀，防止增压膨胀机发生喘振。

Claims (3)

1.一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统，包括空气压缩机、增压膨胀机A、增压膨胀机B和换热器，其特征是：所述空气压缩机的输入端连接纯化器，空气压缩机的输出端分为两部分，其中一部分依次串联增压膨胀机A的增压机A和增压膨胀机B的增压机B，增压机A和增压机B的输出端共同连接换热器后再连接增压膨胀机B的膨胀机B；空气压缩机的输出端还有一部分连接换热器后再连接增压膨胀机A的膨胀机A，膨胀机A和膨胀机B的输出端共同连接换热器后再连接空气压缩机的输入端，膨胀机B的输出端还有一部分连接分馏系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统，其特征是：还包括冷箱，所述增压机A及增压机B的输出端经换热器后有一部分连接所述冷箱。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高产量降低能耗的空气分离系统，其特征是：所述增压机A与增压机B的输出端之间设有旁通管道，旁通管道上装有旁通阀。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115420064A (zh) * 2022-08-17 2022-12-02 山东钢铁集团永锋临港有限公司 一种调控增压膨胀机防喘的方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115420064A (zh) * 2022-08-17 2022-12-02 山东钢铁集团永锋临港有限公司 一种调控增压膨胀机防喘的方法
CN115420064B (zh) * 2022-08-17 2023-11-14 山东钢铁集团永锋临港有限公司 一种调控增压膨胀机防喘的方法

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