CN211655310U - Electro-optical Q switch driver - Google Patents
Electro-optical Q switch driver Download PDFInfo
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- CN211655310U CN211655310U CN202020176114.2U CN202020176114U CN211655310U CN 211655310 U CN211655310 U CN 211655310U CN 202020176114 U CN202020176114 U CN 202020176114U CN 211655310 U CN211655310 U CN 211655310U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electro-optical Q switch driver. The driver comprises a protection circuit, a charging and discharging circuit, a resonance circuit and an output circuit; the output end of the protection circuit is connected with one input end of the charge-discharge circuit, the other input end of the charge-discharge circuit is connected with power supply voltage through a current-limiting resistor, the output end of the charge-discharge circuit is connected with the input end of the resonance circuit, the output end of the resonance circuit is connected with the input end of the output circuit, and the grounding ends of the protection circuit and the charge-discharge circuit are respectively grounded. The driver can complete two-stage variable current boosting, the final output pulse voltage is more than 4000V, and the technical index that the rising edge of the pulse is steep enough and less than 50ns is also ensured to be met. In addition, the driver also has the characteristics of simple circuit structure, short circuit resistance, open circuit resistance and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electro-optical Q switch driver belongs to laser technical field.
Background
In order to make the laser output laser with high peak power and narrow pulse width, the Q value (quality factor) for evaluating the quality of the optical resonant cavity in the laser can be adjusted. The electro-optical Q-switching method is a technology for adjusting a Q value by using an electro-optical effect of a crystal.
The electro-optical Q-switching method is realized by adopting an electro-optical Q-switch and an electro-optical Q-switch driver. Typically, electro-optic Q-switches are electro-optic crystals; the electro-optic Q-switch driver is a circuit that applies a step voltage to the electro-optic crystal and controls the voltage change. Because the electro-optical crystal needs to load 1/4 wavelength high voltage when working, the voltage is about 4000V generally, and the dynamic characteristic of the electro-optical Q-switch driver needs to be good, the rising edge of the voltage needs to be steep enough, at least within tens of nanoseconds, and thus, higher requirements are provided for the performance of the electro-optical Q-switch driver.
The magnetic pulse compression circuit can better meet the requirements due to steep rising edge and large output power. Taking a three-stage magnetic pulse compression pulse power source as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the core of the power source is a three-stage magnetic pulse compression circuit, which includes inductors L3, L4, and L5, low-inductance capacitors C4, C5, and C6, and the current source functions to provide bias for the inductors. The three-stage magnetic pulse compression circuit has clear structure, large output power and good dynamic characteristic, and can better meet the working requirement of an electro-optic crystal. But the defects are obvious, firstly, in order to ensure the normal operation of the circuit, the saturated inductance of the inductor needs to satisfy Ls3 > Ls4 > Ls5 > L2, and secondly, 3 current sources need to dynamically refresh three inductors according to the specified time sequence, so that the inductors can exit from the saturated state in time and meet the requirement of triggering next time. Therefore, the complexity of the three-level magnetic pulse compression circuit is improved, and the volume and the power consumption of the electro-optical Q switch driver are larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an electro-optical Q switch driver is provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an electro-optical Q switch driver comprises a protection circuit, a charge-discharge circuit, a resonance circuit and an output circuit, wherein the output end of the protection circuit is connected with one input end of the charge-discharge circuit, the other input end of the charge-discharge circuit is connected with power voltage through a current-limiting resistor, the output end of the charge-discharge circuit is connected with the input end of the resonance circuit, the output end of the resonance circuit is connected with the input end of the output circuit, and the grounding ends of the protection circuit and the charge-discharge circuit are respectively grounded;
the resonance circuit is used for performing first-stage variable current boosting on the initial voltage output by the charging and discharging circuit and then entering a resonant discharging stage;
and the output circuit is used for finishing second-stage variable current boosting in the resonant discharging stage and outputting final pulse voltage to load on the electro-optic crystal to realize laser Q-switching.
Preferably, the charge and discharge circuit comprises a driving switch, a first capacitor, a first diode and a first step-up transformer, and a first connection end of the driving switch is connected with an output end of the protection circuit; the second connecting end of the driving switch is connected with the power supply voltage through the current-limiting resistor and is connected with one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected with the anode of the first diode and one pin of the primary side of the first boosting transformer; and a third connecting end of the driving switch is grounded and is respectively connected with the cathode of the first diode and the other pin of the primary side of the first boosting transformer.
Preferably, the driving switch is an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.
Preferably, the protection circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is used as an input end of the protection circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the first connection end of the driving switch and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.
Preferably, the resonant circuit includes a first step-up transformer, a second capacitor, and a second step-up transformer, wherein one pin of the secondary side of the first step-up transformer is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to one pin of the primary side of the second step-up transformer, and the other pin of the primary side of the second step-up transformer is connected to the other pin of the secondary side of the first step-up transformer.
Preferably, the output circuit includes a second step-up transformer, a second diode, a third diode and a third resistor, one pin of the secondary side of the second step-up transformer is connected to the anode of the second diode and one end of the third resistor, the other pin of the secondary side of the second step-up transformer is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected to the other end of the third resistor, and two ends of the third resistor are used as the output ends of the output circuit and are connected to two ends of the electro-optical crystal.
The utility model provides an electro-optical Q switch driver adopts two less step up transformers of volume not only to accomplish the two-stage conversion and steps up, realizes that final output pulse voltage is more than 4000V, but also guarantees to satisfy the technical index that the rising edge of pulse is enough steep and be less than 50 ns. In addition, the electro-optical Q-switch driver also has the characteristics of simple circuit structure, short circuit resistance, open circuit resistance and high reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a three-stage magnetic pulse compressed pulse power supply;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electro-optical Q-switch driver provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic charging diagram of the charge/discharge circuit 2 in the electro-optical Q-switch driver provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first stage of variable current boosting of a discharging and resonant circuit of the charging and discharging circuit 2 in the electro-optical Q-switch driver provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second-stage variable current boosting of the discharging and output circuits of the resonant circuit in the electro-optical Q-switch driver provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical content of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, the electro-optical Q-switch driver provided by the present invention includes a protection circuit 1, a charging/discharging circuit 2, a resonant circuit 3 and an output circuit 4; the output end of the protection circuit 1 is connected with one input end of the charge-discharge circuit 2, the other input end of the charge-discharge circuit 2 is connected with a power supply voltage Vcc through a current-limiting resistor R1, the output end of the charge-discharge circuit 2 is connected with the input end of the resonance circuit 3, the output end of the resonance circuit 3 is connected with the input end of the output circuit 4, and the grounding ends of the protection circuit 1 and the charge-discharge circuit 2 are respectively grounded.
The resonant circuit 3 is configured to perform first-stage variable-current boosting on the initial voltage output by the charge and discharge circuit 2, and then enter a resonant discharge stage.
And the output circuit 4 is used for finishing second-stage variable current boosting in a resonant discharge stage and outputting final pulse voltage to be loaded on the electro-optical crystal to realize laser Q-switching.
As shown in fig. 2, the charge and discharge circuit 2 includes a driving switch T1, a first capacitor C1, a first diode D1, and a first boost transformer B1; a first connection end of the driving switch T1 is used as an input end of the charge and discharge circuit 2 and is connected to an output end of the protection circuit 1; a second connection end of the driving switch T1 is used as the other input end of the charging and discharging circuit 2, and is connected to the power supply voltage Vcc through the current limiting resistor R1 and connected to one end of the first capacitor C1; the other end of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected with the anode of the first diode D1 and one pin 1 of the primary side of the first boosting transformer B1; the third connection terminal of the driving switch T1 is used as a ground terminal for grounding and is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the other pin 2 of the primary side of the first step-up transformer B1, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving switch T1 may be an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor, and provides a trigger signal to the driving switch to control the driving switch to be in an on state or an off state, so as to control the charging and discharging processes of the charging and discharging circuit 2. Specifically, when the driving switch T1 employs an NMOS transistor, the gate of the NMOS transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the driving switch T1, the drain of the NMOS transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the driving switch T1, and the source of the NMOS transistor serves as the third connection terminal of the driving switch T1. When the driving switch T1 is an NPN transistor, a base of the NPN transistor serves as a first connection terminal of the driving switch T1, a collector of the NPN transistor serves as a second connection terminal of the driving switch T1, and an emitter of the NPN transistor serves as a third connection terminal of the driving switch T1. The connection relationship between the NMOS transistor or NPN transistor and each part of the charge and discharge circuit 2 is the same as above, and is not described herein again.
The input end of the protection circuit 1 is connected with an external singlechip or trigger circuit and is used for receiving a trigger signal sent by the singlechip or trigger circuit, and the high level of the trigger signal is effective. The driving switch T1 is controlled to be in an on state or an off state by a trigger signal. When the trigger signal received by the protection circuit 1 is low (i.e. no trigger signal), the driving switch T1 is in an off state, and at this time, as shown in fig. 3, the power supply voltage Vcc charges the first capacitor C1 through a channel formed by the current limiting resistor R1, the first capacitor C1 and the first diode D1, that is, the initial voltage is stored in advance on the first capacitor C1, and the charging process of the first capacitor C1 is marked by a black dotted arrow in fig. 4. Since the primary side of the first step-up transformer B1 is clamped by the first diode D1, that is, the input voltage between the two pins of the primary side of the first step-up transformer B1 is less than 0.5V (approximately 0V), all devices behind the first step-up transformer B1 are not powered up, and finally the pulse voltage output by the output circuit 4 is also 0. The current limiting resistor R1 is not only used to limit the charging current of the first capacitor C1 and prevent the charging current from being too large to damage the first capacitor C1, but also used as a load resistor of the driving switch T1 to protect the driving switch T1.
When the trigger signal received by the protection circuit 1 is at a high level (i.e., there is a trigger signal), the driving switch T1 is turned on instantaneously, and at this time, as shown in fig. 4, the initial voltage stored in advance in the first capacitor C1 is discharged back to the negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 (from bottom to top) through the driving switch T1 and the primary coil of the first step-up transformer B1, as indicated by a black dotted line with an arrow in the charging and discharging circuit 2 shown in fig. 5. The first diode D1 is reverse biased and therefore does not conduct.
As shown in fig. 2, the protection circuit 1 includes a first resistor R3 and a second resistor R4, one end of the first resistor R3 is used as an input end of the protection circuit 1, the other end of the first resistor R3 is respectively connected to the first connection end of the driving switch T1 and one end of the second resistor R4, and the other end of the second resistor R4 is used as a ground end of the protection circuit 1 and is grounded. The first resistor R3 is used as a series resistor of the driving switch T1 and is used for protecting the driving switch T1; the second resistor R4 is used as a pull-down resistor of the driving switch T1, and is used to discharge the gate or base charge of the driving switch T1 to the ground, so as to prevent the driving switch T1 from being interfered and damaged by static electricity. In addition, the first resistor R3 and the second resistor R4 work together, so that the situation that the grid of the NMOS transistor or the base voltage of the NPN transistor is too high in the charging process of the first capacitor C1 can be avoided, the grid of the NMOS transistor or the base driving waveform of the NPN transistor is not distorted, and the normal work of the NMOS transistor or the NPN transistor is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, the resonant circuit 3 includes a first step-up transformer B1, a second capacitor C2, a second step-up transformer B2; one pin 4 of the secondary side of the first boosting transformer B1 is connected with one end of a second capacitor C2, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one pin 5 of the primary side of the second boosting transformer B2, and the other pin 6 of the primary side of the second boosting transformer B2 is connected with the other pin 3 of the secondary side of the first boosting transformer B1.
As shown in fig. 2, the output circuit 4 includes a second boost transformer B2, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, and a third resistor R2; one pin 8 of the secondary side of the second boosting transformer B2 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and one end of the third resistor R2, the other pin 7 of the secondary side of the second boosting transformer B2 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the anode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R2, and two ends of the third resistor R2 are used as output ends of the output circuit 4 and are connected to two ends of the electro-optical crystal.
As shown in fig. 4, the first stage of the variable current boosting process of the resonant circuit 3 is as follows: when the trigger signal received by the protection circuit 1 is a high level (i.e., there is a trigger signal), the driving switch T1 is in an instant on state, and when the charging and discharging circuit 2 completes a discharging process, after the current of the primary side (pin 2, pin 1) of the first step-up transformer B1 is converted into current and boosted by the first step-up transformer B1, a resonance is formed in a loop formed by the secondary side (pin 3, pin 4) of the first step-up transformer B1, the second capacitor C2 and the primary side (pin 5, pin 6) of the second step-up transformer B2, thereby charging the second capacitor C2. Since the value of the second capacitor C2 is much smaller than that of the first capacitor C1, after the resonant charging positive half cycle is completed, the voltage on the second capacitor C2 is much higher than the initial voltage on the first capacitor C1, thereby completing the first stage of variable current boosting. Meanwhile, the secondary side (pin 7, pin 8) of the second step-up transformer B2 also induces current, but due to the presence of the second diode D2, the induced current on the secondary side of the second step-up transformer B2 is short-circuited, that is, the voltage output of the second step-up transformer B2 is clamped to approximately 0 by the second diode D2, so that the pulse voltage output by the output circuit 4 is also 0.
As shown in fig. 5, after the resonant circuit 3 is boosted by the first stage of variable current, the process of the second capacitor C2 entering the discharging stage of resonance is as follows: the voltage charged by the second capacitor C2 is discharged back to the negative terminal of the second capacitor C2 through the secondary side of the first step-up transformer B1 (pin 4 to pin 3 from top to bottom), the primary side of the second step-up transformer B2 (pin 6 to pin 5 from bottom to top), as indicated by the black dotted line with an arrow in the resonant circuit 3 shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 5, after the resonant circuit 3 completes the resonant discharge stage, the process of the output circuit 4 performing the second stage of variable current boosting includes: the current flowing through the primary side of the second boosting transformer B2 is converted into current and boosted by the second boosting transformer B2, rectified by the third diode D3 and loaded on the electro-optic crystal Q1. To this end, the electro-optic Q-switch driver completes a complete firing cycle, resulting in a pulse voltage greater than 4000V and having a sufficiently steep rising edge less than 50ns on the electro-optic crystal Q1 to achieve laser Q-switching. The adjustment of the voltage of the power supply voltage Vcc can be realized to adjust the pulse voltage output by the output circuit 4. In addition, the third resistor R2 has a low output impedance of the output circuit 4, so the electro-optical Q-switch driver has the characteristics of short circuit resistance, open circuit resistance and high reliability.
The utility model provides an electro-optical Q switch driver adopts two less step up transformers of volume not only to accomplish the two-stage conversion and steps up, realizes that final output pulse voltage is more than 4000V, but also guarantees to satisfy the technical index that the rising edge of pulse is enough steep and be less than 50 ns. In addition, the electro-optical Q-switch driver also has the characteristics of simple circuit structure, short circuit resistance, open circuit resistance and high reliability.
The electro-optical Q-switch driver provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. Any obvious modifications to the device, which would be obvious to those skilled in the art, without departing from the essential spirit of the invention, are intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An electro-optical Q switch driver is characterized by comprising a protection circuit, a charge and discharge circuit, a resonant circuit and an output circuit, wherein the output end of the protection circuit is connected with one input end of the charge and discharge circuit, the other input end of the charge and discharge circuit is connected with power supply voltage through a current-limiting resistor, the output end of the charge and discharge circuit is connected with the input end of the resonant circuit, the output end of the resonant circuit is connected with the input end of the output circuit, and the grounding ends of the protection circuit and the charge and discharge circuit are respectively grounded;
the resonance circuit is used for performing first-stage variable current boosting on the initial voltage output by the charging and discharging circuit and then entering a resonant discharging stage;
and the output circuit is used for finishing second-stage variable current boosting in the resonant discharging stage and outputting final pulse voltage to load on the electro-optic crystal to realize laser Q-switching.
2. The electro-optic Q-switch driver of claim 1, wherein:
the charging and discharging circuit comprises a driving switch, a first capacitor, a first diode and a first step-up transformer, wherein a first connecting end of the driving switch is connected with the output end of the protection circuit; the second connecting end of the driving switch is connected with the power supply voltage through the current-limiting resistor and is connected with one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected with the anode of the first diode and one pin of the primary side of the first boosting transformer; and a third connecting end of the driving switch is grounded and is respectively connected with the cathode of the first diode and the other pin of the primary side of the first boosting transformer.
3. The electro-optic Q-switch driver of claim 2, wherein:
the drive switch adopts an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.
4. The electro-optic Q-switch driver of claim 3, wherein:
the protection circuit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is used as an input end of the protection circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected with a first connecting end of the driving switch and one end of the second resistor respectively, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.
5. The electro-optic Q-switch driver of claim 1, wherein:
the resonant circuit comprises a first booster transformer, a second capacitor and a second booster transformer, wherein one pin of a secondary side of the first booster transformer is connected with one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one pin of a primary side of the second booster transformer, and the other pin of the primary side of the second booster transformer is connected with the other pin of the secondary side of the first booster transformer.
6. The electro-optic Q-switch driver of claim 1, wherein:
the output circuit comprises a second boosting transformer, a second diode, a third diode and a third resistor, one pin of the secondary side of the second boosting transformer is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode and one end of the third resistor, the other pin of the secondary side of the second boosting transformer is respectively connected with the cathode of the second diode and the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the other end of the third resistor, and two ends of the third resistor are used as the output end of the output circuit and are used for being connected with two ends of the electro-optic crystal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020176114.2U CN211655310U (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Electro-optical Q switch driver |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020176114.2U CN211655310U (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Electro-optical Q switch driver |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN211655310U true CN211655310U (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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| CN202020176114.2U Active CN211655310U (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Electro-optical Q switch driver |
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| CN (1) | CN211655310U (en) |
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- 2020-02-17 CN CN202020176114.2U patent/CN211655310U/en active Active
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