CN211560332U - Cryoablation system - Google Patents
Cryoablation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211560332U CN211560332U CN201921554400.1U CN201921554400U CN211560332U CN 211560332 U CN211560332 U CN 211560332U CN 201921554400 U CN201921554400 U CN 201921554400U CN 211560332 U CN211560332 U CN 211560332U
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 49
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- CFQGDIWRTHFZMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon helium Chemical compound [He].[Ar] CFQGDIWRTHFZMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001967 indiganyl group Chemical group [H][In]([H])[*] 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000315 cryotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a cryoablation system, this cryoablation system include consecutive temperature unit in advance, intensive cooling unit and melt the mechanism. In the freezing stage, the structure of the system enables the working medium to enter the intensified cooling device for further cooling after being precooled by the pre-temperature-adjusting unit, so that the refrigerating efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, especially, relate to a system of cryoablation.
Background
The cryoablation technology is used as a novel minimally invasive treatment method for treating tumors, has the advantages of strong purposiveness, small wound, less complications, repeatable treatment, exact curative effect and the like, and is widely popularized and practically applied clinically. The technical basis of cryoablation therapy devices includes Joule-Thomson (Joule-Thomson) throttling refrigeration and phase change refrigeration.The former is typically applied to argon-helium refrigeration equipment, and the treatment processes of freezing and rewarming are realized through the throttling refrigeration effect of argon (which can reach about-140 ℃) and the throttling heating effect of helium; the latter uses the phase change process of low temperature medium to absorb latent heat to generate refrigeration effect, and the typical application is Liquid Nitrogen (LN)2) The refrigeration equipment absorbs a large amount of heat through the rapid evaporation of liquid nitrogen to realize the freezing treatment, and the rewarming process adopts absolute ethyl alcohol saturated steam heating or heating modes such as radio frequency, microwave and the like.
Based on the argon-helium throttling refrigeration technology, in order to meet treatment requirements, a high-pressure gas source (such as up to 40MPa) needs to be configured, namely a high-pressure working medium source, namely a working medium with higher pressure is needed for temperature adjustment of the working medium, so that the working medium is inconvenient to transport, store and use, and has larger safety risk; in the use process, when the pressure of argon and helium is reduced, the refrigerating and heating performance is reduced, a large amount of gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder cannot be used continuously, the cost of consumables is high, and waste is serious.
Compared with the argon-helium cryotherapy technology, the liquid nitrogen cryoablation system can reach lower treatment temperature (-196 ℃), the consumable cost is low, but the system needs to be provided with a special low-temperature container for storing liquid nitrogen, accessories such as valves, pipelines and the like also need to endure low-temperature conditions, the requirement on heat insulation performance is high, and the overall cold loss along the liquid nitrogen conveying process is large.
Based on the problems, the cryoablation system is designed, the requirement on storage of the working medium can be reduced while the cryoablation system can obtain low temperature, the utilization rate of the working medium is improved, and the technical problem which needs to be solved by technical personnel in the field is solved at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving the technical problem that working medium source pressure intensity is too high among the prior art and the cryogenic storage brought, the utility model provides a system is ablated in freezing, concrete scheme is as follows:
a cryoablation system comprises a pre-temperature-adjusting unit, an intensified cooling unit and an ablation mechanism which are connected in sequence;
in the freezing stage, the pre-temperature regulating unit is used for pre-cooling the working medium flowing through the pre-temperature regulating unit, and the intensified cooling unit is used for further cooling the working medium pre-cooled by the pre-temperature regulating unit.
Furthermore, the output side of the pre-temperature regulating unit comprises a cold output side of the pre-temperature regulating unit and a hot output side of the pre-temperature regulating unit, the cold output side of the pre-temperature regulating unit is connected with the input side of the intensified cooling unit, and the hot output side of the pre-temperature regulating unit is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism;
and in the rewarming stage, the pre-temperature adjusting unit is used for heating the working medium flowing through the pre-temperature adjusting unit.
The system further comprises a storage device, wherein the number of stages of the pre-temperature adjusting unit is m;
the pre-temperature regulating unit comprises a final stage cold valve, a final stage hot valve, a 1 st stage vortex tube and an m & ltth & gt stage vortex tube;
the input side of the 1 st-stage vortex tube is connected with the output side of the storage device;
the cold output side of the m-th stage vortex tube is connected with the input side of the intensified cooling unit through the final stage cold valve, the heat output side of the m-th stage vortex tube is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism through the final stage hot valve, the final stage cold valve is connected with the final stage hot valve in parallel, and the intensified cooling unit is connected with the final stage hot valve in parallel;
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Further, the 1 st-stage vortex tube and the m-stage vortex tube are sequentially connected, and m is a natural number greater than 1;
the pre-temperature regulation unit comprises an i-th stage vortex tube, an i + 1-th stage vortex tube, an i-th interstage cold valve and an i-th interstage hot valve which are connected in sequence and adjacent to each other;
the ith inter-stage cold valve is arranged on a pipeline between the cold output side of the ith stage vortex tube and the input side of the (i + 1) th stage vortex tube, the ith inter-stage hot valve is arranged on a pipeline between the hot output side of the ith stage vortex tube and the input side of the (i + 1) th stage vortex tube, and the ith inter-stage cold valve and the ith inter-stage hot valve are connected in parallel;
wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m-1.
Further, the device also comprises a cold accumulation unit and a heat accumulation unit; the cold accumulation unit comprises a cooling unit and a cold accumulator, and the heat accumulation unit comprises a heating unit and a heat accumulator;
the output side of the storage device comprises a cold output side of the storage device and a hot output side of the storage device;
the input side of the 1 st-stage vortex tube is connected with the cold output side of the storage device through a cooling unit; the input side of the 1 st-stage vortex tube is connected with the heat output side of the storage device through a temperature rising unit; the cooling unit and the heating unit are connected in parallel;
the cooling unit comprises a cold accumulation valve and a first flow passage which are connected in sequence, and the first flow passage is arranged in the cold accumulator;
the temperature rising unit comprises a heat storage valve and a sixth flow channel which are connected in sequence, and the sixth flow channel is arranged in the heat accumulator.
Further, the regenerator comprises a plurality of second flow channels; the pre-temperature regulating unit also comprises an ith interstage cold exhaust valve and a final stage cold exhaust valve;
the ith interstage cold exhaust valve is arranged on a pipeline between the cold output side of the ith stage vortex tube and the input side of the corresponding second flow channel and is connected with the ith interstage cold valve in parallel; the last stage cold exhaust valve is arranged on a pipeline between the cold output side of the mth stage vortex tube and the input side of the corresponding second flow channel, and the last stage cold exhaust valve is connected with the last stage cold valve in parallel.
The system further comprises a heat regenerator, a cold tail valve and a hot tail valve, wherein the heat regenerator comprises a fourth flow channel and a fifth flow channel;
the fourth flow channel is arranged between the cold output side of the m-stage vortex tube and the input side of the intensified cooling unit and is connected with the last-stage cold valve in series, and the output side of the ablation mechanism is connected with the input side of the corresponding second flow channel through the fifth flow channel;
a cold tail valve is arranged on a pipeline between the output side of the ablation mechanism and the input side of the fifth flow channel, a hot tail valve is further arranged on the pipeline of the output side of the ablation mechanism, the hot tail valve is connected with the cold tail valve in parallel, the hot tail valve is connected with the fifth flow channel in parallel, and the hot tail valve is connected with the second flow channel in parallel.
Further, the heat accumulator includes a plurality of seventh flow passages; the pre-temperature regulating unit also comprises an ith interstage hot exhaust valve and a final stage hot exhaust valve;
the ith interstage thermal vent valve is arranged on a pipeline between the heat output side of the ith stage vortex tube and the input side of the corresponding seventh flow passage, and is connected with the ith interstage thermal valve in parallel; the last stage thermal exhaust valve is arranged on a pipeline between the thermal output side of the mth stage vortex tube and the input side of the corresponding seventh flow channel, and is connected with the last stage thermal exhaust valve in parallel.
Further, the device comprises a phase separator, wherein the output side of the reinforced cooling unit is connected with the input side of the phase separator, the liquid phase output side of the phase separator is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism, the liquid phase output side of the phase separator is connected with the heat output side of the pre-temperature-adjusting unit, the gas phase output side of the phase separator is connected with a void fraction detector, the void fraction detector is used for detecting the content of bubbles in the phase separator, and the output side of the void fraction detector is provided with a bubble control valve.
Furthermore, the intensified cooling unit comprises a heat exchanger and a refrigerator for intensified cooling of the working medium flowing through the heat exchanger.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a cryoablation system, this cryoablation system include consecutive temperature unit in advance, intensive cooling unit and melt the mechanism. In the freezing stage, the structure of the system enables the working medium to enter the intensified cooling device for further cooling after being precooled by the pre-temperature-adjusting unit, so that the refrigerating efficiency is improved.
And the working state of the phase separator is controlled by the void fraction detector, so that the utilization rate of the working medium is improved.
The utility model discloses an among the cryoablation system, the equipment that adjusts the temperature to the working medium is vortex tube, the heat exchanger and carries out refrigerated refrigerator to the working medium of flowing through the heat exchanger, the vortex tube adjusts the temperature to the working medium and the heat exchanger is far less than the pressure of argon helium throttle refrigeration or the required working medium of cryoablation equipment that heats to the pressure of the required working medium of working medium cooling, the storage device of storage working medium, the on-way pipeline and the withstand voltage design standard that melts the mechanism can greatly reduced, working medium storage, transportation convenience.
Refrigerating system can show improvement refrigeration efficiency through multistage precooling, the system is multistage precooling system in fact, two-stage vortex tube precooling and refrigerator cooling promptly to the working medium can reach lower temperature (use nitrogen gas as the working medium, then can be less than-196 ℃).
The model selection and the power adjustment of the refrigerating machine can meet the technical requirements of the cryoablation of different working media, and the adaptability is strong.
The rewarming process of the cryoablation treatment can be realized simultaneously only by one working medium; high utilization rate of working medium and low cost.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in more detail hereinafter based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a cryoablation system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the vortex tubes of the stages of the pre-temperature-adjusting unit in the embodiment of the present invention connected in series in sequence;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vortex tube used in each stage of the vortex tube in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a thermodynamic phase diagram of a working fluid.
In the drawings, like reference numerals are used for like reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale.
Reference numerals: 1-a storage device; 2-a vortex tube; 3-a pre-temperature adjusting unit; 4-a heat exchanger; 5-a refrigerator; 6-a cold accumulator; 7-a regenerator; 8-a phase separator; 9-vacuole rate detector; 10-a heat regenerator; 11-an ablation mechanism; 12-an intensive cooling unit; 13-a first flow channel; 14-a second flow channel; 16-a cooling unit; 17-a temperature-raising unit; 101 — the cold output side of the storage device; 102 — the heat output side of the storage device; 201-the input side of the vortex tube; 202 — cold output side of vortex tube; 203-vortex tubeThe heat output side of (a); 701-a sixth flow channel; 702 a seventh flow channel; 103-a fourth flow channel; 104-a fifth flow channel; 801-liquid phase outlet of separator; 802-gas phase outlet of separator; c0-a cold accumulation valve; JC1-a first stage intercooler valve; c2-a final stage cold valve; c3-a cold tail valve; c4-a bubble control valve; h0-a heat accumulation valve; JH (JH)1-a first interstage thermal valve; h2-a final thermal valve; h3-a hot tail valve; JC12-first stage intercooling exhaust valve; c22-final stage cold exhaust valve; JH (JH)12-first inter-stage thermal exhaust valve; h22-last stage hot exhaust valve; w1-a stage 1 vortex tube; w1201-input side of stage 1 vortex tube; w1202-cold output side of stage 1 vortex tube; w1203-heat output side of stage 1 vortex tube; w2-a stage 2 vortex tube; w2201-input side of stage 2 vortex tube; w2202-cold output side of stage 2 vortex tube; w2203-heat output side of stage 2 vortex tube; wi-An i-th stage vortex tube; wi202-cold output side of stage i vortex tube; wi203-heat output side of the i stage vortex tube; JCi-the ith interstage cold valve; JH (JH)i-an ith interstage thermal valve; JCi2-ith interstage cold exhaust valve; JH (JH)i2-ith interstage hot vent valve; wi+1-an i +1 th stage vortex tube; wi+1201-input side of the (i + 1) th stage vortex tube; wm-The m-stage vortex tube; wm202-cold output side of mth stage vortex tube; wm203-heat output side of mth stage vortex tube.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The operating principle of the vortex tube is as follows: the vortex tube is an energy separation device with a simple structure, as shown in fig. 3, compressed gas is sprayed into the vortex tube 2 from an input side 201 of the vortex tube 2 to rotate at a high speed, and is separated into two low-pressure gas flows with different temperatures after vortex conversion, wherein the inner-layer gas flow has low temperature and flows out from a cold output side 202 of the vortex tube 2, the outer-layer gas flow has high temperature and flows out from a hot output side 203 of the vortex tube 2, and meanwhile, the refrigeration and heating functions are realized. Vortex tubes 2 are adopted in all stages of vortex tubes in the embodiment.
The refrigerating effect and the heating effect of the vortex tube can reach 50-60 ℃, then the temperature of cold air flow can be as low as-40 ℃ and the temperature of hot air flow can reach 80 ℃ after normal-temperature nitrogen is subjected to energy separation by the vortex tube, and the temperature of cold air and hot air can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of cold air flow and hot air flow.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a cryoablation system, which includes a pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3, an intensive cooling unit 12 and an ablation mechanism 11 connected in sequence; in the freezing stage, the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 is used for pre-cooling the working medium flowing through the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3, and the reinforced cooling unit 12 is used for further cooling the working medium pre-cooled by the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3.
In the freezing stage, the structure of the cryoablation system of the embodiment enables the working medium to enter the intensified cooling device 12 for further cooling after being pre-cooled by the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3, so that the refrigeration efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the ablation mechanism 11 is an ablation needle, the storage device 1 is an air storage tank, and the working medium is nitrogen.
The output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 comprises a cold output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 and a hot output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3, the cold output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is connected with the input side of the intensified cooling unit 12, and the hot output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism 11. In the rewarming stage, the pre-temperature regulating unit 3 is used for heating the working medium flowing through the pre-temperature regulating unit 3. In the embodiment, the cold output side of the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 is connected with the input side of the enhanced cooling unit 12, in the freezing stage, the working medium is pre-cooled by the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 and then flows through the enhanced cooling unit 12 to further cool the working medium, and the further cooled working medium is used by the ablation machine 11; the heat output side of the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 of the embodiment is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, and in the rewarming stage, the working medium is heated by the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 and then flows into the ablation mechanism 11 to be used by the ablation mechanism 11. Therefore, the processes of cryoablation treatment and rewarming can be simultaneously realized by one working medium; high utilization rate of working medium and low cost.
The cryoablation system of the present embodiment further includes a storage device 1, whichThe number of stages of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is m; the pre-tempering unit 3 comprises a final cold valve C2Last stage hot valve H 21 st stage vortex tube W1And the m-th stage vortex tube Wm(ii) a Stage 1 vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 is connected to the output side of the storage device 1; m-th stage vortex tube WmCold output side W ofm202 through a final stage cold valve C2Connected to the input side of the intensive cooling unit 12, a final-stage vortex tube WmHeat output side W ofm203 through the final stage hot valve H2Connected to the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, a final stage cold valve C2And the final stage hot valve H2Parallel connection, intensified cooling unit 12 and final stage thermal valve H2Parallel connection; wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. The pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 passes through a 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 receives the working fluid flowing from the storage device 1. The cold output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is an m-th-stage vortex tube WmCold output side W ofm202, in the freezing stage, the working medium passes through the m-th stage vortex tube WmCold output side W ofm202 into the intensive cooling unit 12 for further cooling and then into the ablation mechanism 11. The heat output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is an m-th-stage vortex tube WmHeat output side W ofm203, in the rewarming stage, the working medium passes through the m-th stage vortex tube WmHeat output side W ofm203 into the ablation mechanism 11.
In the present embodiment, taking m as 2 as an example, that is, the number of stages of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 may be 2, and the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 includes the 1 st stage vortex tube W1And a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Stage 1 vortex tube W1And a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Are connected in sequence. M-th stage vortex tube W in the embodimentmIs a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2. In this embodiment, the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 is connected to the output side of the storage device 1; 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202 through a final stage cold valve C2A final-stage vortex tube W connected to the input side of the intensified cooling unit 122Heat output side W of2203 through the final stage hot valve H2Connected to the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, a final stage cold valve C2With said final stage hot valve H2Parallel connection, intensified cooling unit 12 and final stage thermal valve H2And (4) connecting in parallel. The cold output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is a 2 nd-stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202, in the freezing stage, the working fluid passes through the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202 into the intensive cooling unit 12 for further cooling and then into the ablation mechanism 11. The heat output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is a 2 nd-stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203, in the rewarming stage, the working medium passes through the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 into the ablation mechanism 11. The cryoablation system can obviously improve the refrigeration efficiency through multi-stage precooling, and the cryoablation system of the embodiment passes through the 1 st-stage vortex tube W in the freezing stage1And a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Gradual precooling is a multistage precooling system, in particular to a 1 st-stage vortex tube W1And a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2After precooling, the gas flows through the reinforced cooling unit 12 for further cooling, and the working medium can reach lower temperature (the temperature can be lower than 196 ℃ below zero by taking nitrogen as the working medium). The working medium flows through the vortex tubes of all the stages which are connected in sequence to adjust the temperature step by step.
The pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 comprises i-th-stage vortex tubes W which are connected in sequence and adjacent to each otheriI +1 th stage vortex tube Wi+1I stage cold valve JCiAnd ith interstage thermal valve JHi(ii) a Ith stage cold valve JCiSet in the i-th stage vortex tube WiCold output side W ofi202 and the (i + 1) th stage vortex tube Wi+1Input side W ofi+1201, ith interstage thermal valve JHiSet in the i-th stage vortex tube WiHeat output side W ofi203 th and i +1 th stage vortex tube Wi+1Input side W ofi+1201 on the line between, i-th interstage cold valve JCiAnd ith interstage thermal valve JHiParallel connection; wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m-1. In this embodiment, the 1 st stage vortex tube W1And a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Sequentially connected and adjacent i-th stage vortex tube WiIs a 1 st stage vortex tube W1I +1 thThe stage vortex tube is a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2I stage cold valve JCiIs a 1 st stage cold valve JC1I th interstage thermal valve JHiIs a 1 st interstage thermal valve JH 11 st stage cold valve JC1Is arranged on a 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 and 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2On the line between 201, the 1 st interstage thermal valve JH1Is arranged on a 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 and 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2On the line between 201, 1 st interstage cold valve JC1And 1 st interstage thermal valve JH1And (4) connecting in parallel.
Opening the 1 st stage cold valve JC during the freezing stage1And final stage cold valve C2Closing the 1 st interstage thermal valve JH1And final stage hot valve H2So that the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 and 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2201, stage 1 vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 and 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2201 line shut-off, stage 1 vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 flows out through a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2201 into stage 2 vortex tube W2Stage 1 vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1The working medium flowing out of the 203 cannot flow into the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Thereby avoiding the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 interferes with the pre-cooling process. And opening the first stage intercooling valve JC1And final stage cold valve C2And closing the first interstage thermal valve JH1And final stage hot valve H2In the state of (2) the vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202 with the input side of the intensive cooling unit 12, stage 2 vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2The working medium flowing out of the cooling device 202 enters the ablation mechanism 11 after being further cooled by the reinforced cooling unit 12; 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 and the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, and a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 can not enter the ablation mechanism 11, avoiding the 2 nd-stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 interferes with the temperature of the cooled working fluid.
Closing the first stage intercooling valve JC at rewarming stage1And final stage cold valve C2Opening the first inter-stage thermal valve JH1And final stage hot valve H2. At this time, the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 and 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2201, stage 1 vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 and 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Input side W of2201 line shut-off, stage 1 vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 flowing out of the vortex tube W of the 2 nd stage2Input side W of2201 into stage 2 vortex tube W2Stage 1 vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1The working medium flowing out of the 202 can not flow into the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Thereby avoiding the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 interferes with the rewarming process. And closing the first stage intercooling valve JC1And final stage cold valve C2And opening the first interstage thermal valve JH1And final stage hot valve H2In the state of (2) the vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 to the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2The working medium flowing out of the 203 flows into the ablation mechanism 11 for the ablation mechanism 11 to use; 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202 and the input side of the intensive cooling unit 12, stage 2 vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2The working medium flowing out of the 202 can not flow into the ablation mechanism 11 after being further cooled by the enhanced cooling unit 12, so that the 2 nd-level vortex tube W is avoided2Cold output side W of2202 interferes with the rewarming process.
The ablation system also comprises a cold accumulation unit and a heat accumulation unit; the cold accumulation unit comprises a temperature reduction unit 16 and a cold accumulator 6, and the heat accumulation unit comprises a temperature increase unit 17 and a heat accumulation unitA heat exchanger 7; the output side of the storage device 1 comprises a cold output side 101 of the storage device 1 and a hot output side 102 of the storage device 1; stage 1 vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 is connected to the cold output side 101 of the storage device 1 via a cooling unit 16; stage 1 vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 is connected to the heat output side 102 of the storage device 1 via a warming unit 17; the temperature reduction unit 16 and the temperature rise unit 17 are connected in parallel; the cooling unit 16 comprises a cold accumulation valve C connected in sequence0And a first flow channel 13, the first flow channel 13 being disposed within the regenerator 6; the temperature increasing unit 17 includes heat storage valves H connected in sequence0And a sixth flow passage 701, the sixth flow passage 701 being provided in the regenerator 7.
In the freezing phase, the cold accumulation valve C is opened0Closing the heat accumulation valve H0Working medium flows into the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Before, the refrigerant flows through the cooling unit 16 for cooling, the first flow passage 13 is arranged in the regenerator 6, the regenerator 6 cools the working medium flowing through the first flow passage 13, and the cooled working medium flowing through the first flow passage 13 flows into the 1 st-stage vortex tube W1The cooling efficiency can be further improved; due to H0And when the flow path is closed, no working medium flows through the sixth flow path 701, so that the temperature of the cooled working medium flowing through the first flow path 13 is not interfered.
In the phase of rewarming, the cold storage valve C is closed0Opening the heat accumulation valve H0Working medium flows into the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Before, the working medium flows through the temperature increasing unit 17 to increase the temperature, the sixth flow passage 701 is arranged in the heat accumulator 7, the heat accumulator 7 increases the temperature of the working medium flowing through the sixth flow passage 701 to heat, and the heated working medium flowing through the sixth flow passage 701 flows into the 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Due to C0And when the flow path is closed, no working medium flows through the first flow path 13, and the temperature of the heated working medium flowing through the sixth flow path 701 cannot be interfered.
The regenerator 6 comprises a plurality of second flow channels 14; the pre-temperature regulation unit 3 also comprises an ith interstage cold exhaust valve JC i2 and the final stage cold exhaust valve C 22; ith stage cold exhaust valve JC i2 set in the ith stage vortex tube WiCold output side W ofi202 and the input side of the respective second flow path 14On the pipeline, the ith interstage cold exhaust valve JC i2 and the ith interstage cold valve JCiParallel connection; last stage cold exhaust valve C 22 set in the m-th stage vortex tube WmCold output side W ofm202 and the input side of the respective second flow path 14, and a final stage cold exhaust valve C 22 and final stage cold valve C2And (4) connecting in parallel. In this embodiment, the ith interstage cold exhaust valve JC i2 is a 1 st stage cold exhaust valve JC 12, 1 st stage cold exhaust valve JC 12 set in the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 and the 1 st interstage cold exhaust valve JC on the line between the input side of the respective second flow path 1412 and the 1 st interstage cold valve JC1And (4) connecting in parallel. In this embodiment, the m-th stage vortex tube WmIs a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Last stage cold exhaust valve C 22 set in the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202 and the input side of the respective second flow path 14, and a final stage cold exhaust valve C 22 and said final stage cold valve C2And (4) connecting in parallel.
In the rewarming stage, the first interstage thermal valve JH is opened1Last stage hot valve H2First-stage intercooling exhaust valve JC 12 and the final stage cold exhaust valve C 22, closing the first stage intercooling valve JC1And final stage cold valve C2From stage 1 vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 flowing out through a first-stage intercooling exhaust valve JC 12 into the second flow path 14 of the regenerator 6, from the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2The working medium flowing out of 202 passes through a final stage cold exhaust valve C 22 flows into the second flow channel 14 of the regenerator 6, and the regenerator 6 collects the cold energy of the working medium flowing out from the cold output side of each stage of vortex tube and flowing into the second flow channel 14 so as to cool the working medium flowing through the first flow channel 13 in the freezing stage, thereby fully utilizing the cold energy and avoiding the waste of the cold energy.
The cryoablation system also comprises a heat regenerator 10 and a cold tail valve C3And hot tail valve H3The regenerator 10 includes a fourth flow channel 103 and a fifth flow channel 104; the fourth flow passage 103 is arranged on the m-th stage vortex tube WmCold output side W ofm202 and the input side of the intensified cooling unit 12 and the final stage cold valve C2In series, the output side of the ablation mechanism 11 is connected to the input side of the corresponding second flow channel 14 through a fifth flow channel 104; a cold tail valve C is arranged on a pipeline between the output side of the ablation mechanism 11 and the input side of the fifth flow passage 1043A hot tail valve H is also arranged on the pipeline at the output side of the ablation mechanism 113Hot tail valve H3Cold tail valve C3Parallel, hot tail valve H3In parallel with the fifth flow path 104, a hot tail valve H3In parallel with the second flow path 14. M-th stage vortex tube W of the present embodimentmIs a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2The fourth flow passage 103 is arranged in the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2202 and the input side of the intensified cooling unit 12 and the final stage cold valve C2Are connected in series.
In the freezing phase, a first stage indirect cooling valve JC is opened1Last stage cold valve C2And cold tail valve C3Closing the first inter-stage thermal valve JH1Last stage hot valve H2And hot tail valve H3From the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2The working medium flowing out of the heat regenerator unit 202 flows through the fourth flow channel 103 of the heat regenerator 10 for cooling and then flows into the intensive cooling unit 12 for further cooling, so as to achieve the purpose of further improving the cooling efficiency. In the freezing stage, the heat regenerator 10 collects the cold energy of the working medium flowing out from the output side of the ablation mechanism 11 and flowing into the fifth flow channel 104 after flowing through the cold tail valve C3 so as to cool the working medium flowing through the fourth flow channel 103, the working medium flowing through the fifth flow channel 104 flows into the corresponding second flow channel 14 in the cold accumulator 6, and the cold accumulator 6 collects the cold energy of the working medium so as to cool the working medium flowing through the first flow channel 13, so that the cold energy is fully utilized, and the waste of the cold energy is avoided.
In the rewarming phase, the cold tail valve C is closed3Opening the hot tail valve H3After rewarming, the working medium flowing out of the output side of the ablation mechanism 11 directly flows through the hot tail valve H3And the working medium flows out of the system, so that the working medium is prevented from flowing into the cold accumulator 6 to consume the cold energy in the cold accumulator 6.
The regenerator 7 includes a plurality of seventh flow paths 702; the pre-temperature regulating unit 3 also comprises an i-th interstage heat exhaust valve JH i2 and last stage hot exhaust valve H 22; ith interstage heat exhaust valve JH i2 set in the ith stage vortex tube WiHeat output side W ofiOn the line between 203 and the input side of the corresponding seventh flow path 702, the i-th interstage thermal exhaust valve JH i2 and ith interstage thermal valve JHiParallel connection; last stage hot exhaust valve H 22 set in the m-th stage vortex tube WmHeat output side W ofmOn the line between 203 and the input side of the corresponding seventh flow passage 702, the final stage hot exhaust valve H 22 and the final stage hot valve H2And (4) connecting in parallel. In this embodiment, the ith interstage thermal vent valve JH i2 is a 1 st interstage heat exhaust valve JH 12, 1 st interstage heat exhaust valve JH 12 set in the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1On the line between 203 and the input side of the corresponding seventh flow path 702, the 1 st interstage thermal exhaust valve JH1Thermal valve JH between 2 th stage and 1 st stage1And (4) connecting in parallel. M-th stage vortex tube W of the present embodimentmIs a 1 st stage vortex tube W1Last stage hot exhaust valve H 22 set in the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2On the line between 203 and the input side of the corresponding seventh flow passage 702, the final stage hot exhaust valve H 22 and the final stage hot valve H2And (4) connecting in parallel.
In the freezing phase, a first stage indirect cooling valve JC is opened1A final stage cold valve C2, a 1 st interstage hot exhaust valve JH 12 and last stage hot exhaust valve H 22, closing the 1 st interstage thermal valve H1And final stage hot valve H2From stage 1 vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1Working medium flowing out of 203 passes through a 1 st interstage heat exhaust valve JH 12 flow into a corresponding seventh flow passage 702 of the regenerator 7 from the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 flowing out through a final stage hot exhaust valve H 22 flow into the corresponding seventh flow channel 702 of the regenerator 7, and the regenerator 7 collects the heat of the working medium flowing through the seventh flow channel 702 so as to heat the working medium flowing through the sixth flow channel 701 at the rewarming stage, thereby making full use of the heat and avoiding waste of the heat.
The cryoablation system further comprises a phase separator 8, wherein the output side of the intensified cooling unit 12 is connected with the input side of the phase separator 8, the liquid phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8 is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, the liquid phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8 is connected with the heat output side of the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3, the gas phase output side 802 of the phase separator 8 is connected with a void fraction detector 9, the void fraction detector 9 is used for detecting the content of bubbles in the phase separator 8, and the output side of the void fraction detector 9 is provided with a bubble control valve C4.
The liquid phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8 is connected with the input side of the ablation mechanism 11, and the liquid phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8 is connected with the 2 nd-stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203, embodied in this embodiment as a final stage hot valve H2With final stage cold valve C2Parallel, final stage thermal valve H2In parallel with the intensive cooling unit 12, the final stage hot valve H2In parallel with the phase separator 8.
In the freezing stage, the working medium is subjected to gas-liquid separation in the phase separator 8, the separated liquid-phase working medium flows out from the liquid-phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8, if bubbles exist after separation, the bubbles are discharged out of the phase separator 8 from the gas-phase output side 802 of the phase separator 8, the void fraction detector 9 detects the bubble amount of the gas-phase output side of the phase separator 8, the opening and closing of the bubble control valve C4 are controlled according to the measured bubble content, the bubble control valve C4 is opened when the bubble amount is larger, and the bubble control valve C4 is closed when the bubble amount is smaller, such as smaller than a preset value. In the freezing stage, the working state of the phase separator is controlled by the void fraction detector, so that the utilization rate of the working medium is improved.
The intensive cooling unit 12 includes a heat exchanger 4 and a refrigerator 5 for intensive cooling of the working medium flowing through the heat exchanger 4. In the embodiment, the temperature of the working medium is adjusted through the heat exchanger 4, the vortex tube 2, the cold accumulator 6, the heat accumulator 7 and the heat regenerator 10, the pressure intensity of the working medium required by the heat exchanger 4, the vortex tube 2, the cold accumulator 6, the heat accumulator 7 and the heat regenerator 10 when the temperature of the working medium is adjusted is far lower than that of the working medium required by argon-helium throttling refrigeration or heating cryoablation equipment, the pressure resistance design standards of the storage equipment 1 for storing the working medium, the on-way pipeline and the ablation mechanism 11 can be greatly reduced, and the working medium is convenient to store and transport. The embodiment can meet the technical requirements of the cryoablation of different working media by the model selection and the power adjustment of the refrigerating machine 5, and has strong adaptability. The refrigerator 5 in this embodiment may be one of a thermoacoustic refrigerator, a pulse tube refrigerator, a stirling refrigerator, or a GM refrigerator. The temperature of the working medium cooled by the enhanced cooling unit 12 consisting of the heat exchanger 4 and the refrigerator 5 can reach-196 ℃ or lower.
The workflow of the cryoablation system of the present embodiment is as follows.
In the freezing phase, the cold accumulation valve C is opened0First stage intercooling valve JC1Last stage cold valve C2And a cold tail valve C3, wherein the opening and closing of the bubble control valve C4 is controlled according to the amount of bubbles on the gas phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8 detected by a void fraction detector 9, and the 1 st stage hot exhaust valve JH 12 and last stage hot exhaust valve H 22 is also opened and closed at the same time, and the first inter-stage thermal valve JH is closed1Last stage hot valve H2Hot tail valve H3And a heat storage valve H0First-stage intercooling exhaust valve JC 12 and the final stage cold exhaust valve C 22. Working medium in the storage device 1 flows through the first flow passage 13, the cold energy accumulated in the cold accumulator 6 cools the working medium flowing through the first flow passage 13, and the cooled working medium flows through the 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 into stage 1 vortex tube W1Flows into the 1 st stage vortex tube W1The working medium is separated into cold and hot working media, and the cold and hot working media are separated from the 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 flows through a first-stage intercooling valve JC1Enters a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2While the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1The hot working medium flowing out of 203 passes through a 1 st interstage hot exhaust valve JH12 enters a seventh flow channel 702 of the heat accumulator 7 and then is discharged out of the system or enters a recovery container for centralized processing (the recovery container is not shown); enters a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2The working medium in the vortex tube is further separated into cold and hot working media which are discharged from the 2 nd-stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2The working medium flowing out of 202 passes through a final stage cold valve C2The fourth flow channel 103 of the heat regenerator 10 and the heat exchanger 4 enter the phase separator 8, the working medium flowing out from the liquid phase output side 801 of the phase separator 8 enters the ablation mechanism 11, and simultaneously the fourth flow channel 103 and the heat exchanger 4 enter the phase separator2-stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 flowing out hot working medium through a final stage hot exhaust valve H22 enters a seventh flow channel 702 of the heat accumulator 7 and then is discharged out of the system or enters a recovery container for centralized processing (the recovery container is not shown); the working medium in the ablation mechanism 11 releases cold energy and passes through a cold tail valve C3And the fifth flow passage 104 of the regenerator 10 enters the second flow passage 14 of the regenerator 6 and is discharged to the outside of the system or enters a recovery vessel for centralized processing (the recovery vessel is not shown). To this point, the freezing process of the cryoablation system is complete.
In the rewarming stage, the heat storage valve H is opened0First-stage inter-thermal valve JH1Last stage hot valve H2Hot tail valve H3First-stage intercooling exhaust valve JC 12 and the final stage cold exhaust valve C 22, closing the cold accumulation valve C0First stage intercooling valve JC1A final stage cold valve C2, a cold tail valve C3, a 1 st interstage hot exhaust valve JH 12 and last stage hot exhaust valve H 22. During the rewarming phase no working fluid flows through the phase separator 8 and the bubble control valve C4 is therefore in the closed state. Working medium in the storage device 1 flows through the sixth flow passage 701, the heat accumulator 7 heats the working medium flowing through the sixth flow passage 701, and the heated working medium flows into the 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Working medium flows into the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Then separated into cold and hot working media, and discharged from the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1The working medium flowing out of 203 passes through a first-stage indirect heat valve H1Flows into the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Simultaneously from the vortex tube W of stage 11Cold output side W of1202 flowing out through a first-stage intercooling exhaust valve JC12 enters a second flow passage 14 of the cold accumulator 6 and then is discharged out of the system (or enters a recovery container for centralized processing, the recovery container is not shown); enters a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2The working medium in the vortex tube is further separated into cold and hot working media which are discharged from the 2 nd-stage vortex tube W2Heat output side W of2203 flows through the final stage thermal valve H2Then enters the ablation mechanism 11, and the working medium releases heat in the ablation mechanism 11 and passes through the thermal tail valve H3Discharge while simultaneously discharging from the 2 nd stage vortex tube W2Cold output side W of2The working medium flowing out of 202 passes through a final stage cold exhaust valve C22 enter a second flow passage 14 of the cold accumulator 6 and then are discharged out of the system (or enter a recovery container for centralized processing, the recovery container is not shown). And finishing the rewarming process of the cryoablation system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the sequential connection of vortex tubes of the stages of a pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3, and the vortex tube W of the stage 1 of the pre-temperature-adjusting unit 3 of the embodiment in FIG. 11And a 2 nd stage vortex tube W2The connection is one example when the number of stages m of the pre-temperature control unit 3 shown in fig. 2 is 2. The number of stages m may be other natural numbers satisfying the aforementioned condition.
The critical pressure of the embodiment is the minimum pressure at which the working medium can form a quasi-liquid state or a quasi-gas state, and when the critical pressure is greater than or equal to the critical pressure, the working medium can form the quasi-liquid state or the quasi-gas state. As shown in fig. 3, the critical pressure is PC。
The cryoablation system of this embodiment can operate below the critical pressure, and when the system operating pressure is lower than the critical pressure, the working medium in the storage device 1 is in a normal pressure pressurization state, and the maximum working medium is 0.5-3.4MPa, taking nitrogen as an example. The cryoablation system operates below the critical pressure, the working medium can be gaseous, and gaseous working medium and liquid working medium can be separated in the phase separator 8. When the bubble content of the gas phase output side 802 measured by the void fraction detector 9 is higher than the set value, the bubble control valve C4 is opened to exhaust, so that the gas content of the working medium entering the ablation mechanism 11 is reduced, meanwhile, the waste of the working medium is reduced, and the utilization rate of the working medium is improved. When the bubble content of the gas phase output side 802 detected by the void fraction detector 9 is lower than a set value, the gas phase outlet 802 flows out of the working medium which is mainly liquid, and the bubble control valve C4 is closed.
The cryoablation system of the embodiment can operate above the critical pressure, the working medium is in a quasi-gaseous state or a quasi-liquid state, in this case, no bubble is generated in the separator 8, the working medium in the storage device 1 is at normal temperature and in a quasi-gaseous (supercritical) state, and on the premise of ensuring the supercritical state, relatively low pressure is more favorable, for example, a nitrogen working medium is taken, and the highest pressure is preferably 4-8 MPa. The working medium which enters the phase separator 8 after being cooled is in a quasi-liquid state, and the control valve C4 is closed all the time.
In principle, the operation pressure of the system in the rewarming stage can be higher than a critical value, namely supercritical circulation, but the operation characteristics of the vortex tube and the rewarming requirement of the ablation needle are integrated, the rewarming stage is more favorable by adopting non-supercritical circulation, taking nitrogen working medium as an example, the optimal maximum pressure is 1-3 MPa.
The implementation can realize the processes of cryoablation treatment and rewarming simultaneously only through one working medium.
High utilization rate of working medium and low cost.
The cryoablation system of this embodiment need not the configuration low temperature container of splendid attire liquid nitrogen, and low temperature working medium produces as required, in real time conveying to melting the needle, saves and fills the liquid nitrogen flow.
In the embodiment, when supercritical circulation is adopted, the working medium has no phase change process in the process of cryoablation, the volume change is small, the flow resistance is small, the phenomenon of air blockage (air blockage) is not easy to form, the temperature is reduced more rapidly, and the temperature fluctuation is small.
In other embodiments, the number of stages m of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 may be m-1, that is, the number of stages of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is 1, in this case, the m-th stage vortex tube WmIs a 1 st stage vortex tube W1. Stage 1 vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 is connected with the output side of the storage device 1, and a pre-temperature regulating unit 3 passes through a 1 st stage vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 receives the working fluid flowing from the storage device 1. The 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 through a final stage cold valve C2Connected to the input side of the intensive cooling unit 12, the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 through the final stage hot valve H2Connected to the input side of the ablation means 11, said final stage cold valve C2With said final stage hot valve H2In parallel, the intensive cooling unit 12 and the final stage thermo valve H2And (4) connecting in parallel. Last stage cold exhaust valve C 22 is arranged on the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 and the input side of the respective second flow path 14, the final stage cold exhaust valve C 22 and said final stage cold valve C2And (4) connecting in parallel. Last stage hot exhaust valve H 22 is arranged on the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 and the input side of the corresponding second flow passage 14, and the final stage hot exhaust valve H 22 and said final stage hot valve H2And (4) connecting in parallel. The fourth flow channel 103 of the regenerator 10 is arranged in the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 and the input side of the intensified cooling unit 12 and the final stage cold valve C2Are connected in series.
The cold output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is a 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202, in the freezing stage, stage 1 vortex tube W1Input side W of1201 receive working fluid flowing from the storage device 1 through the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Cold output side W of1202 into the intensive cooling unit 12 for further cooling and then into the ablation mechanism 11. The heat output side of the pre-temperature adjusting unit 3 is a 1 st-stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203, in the rewarming stage, the working medium passes through the 1 st stage vortex tube W1Heat output side W of1203 into the ablation mechanism 11.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for portions or all of the features thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any combination as long as there is no logical or structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cryoablation system is characterized by comprising a pre-temperature-adjusting unit (3), an intensified cooling unit (12) and an ablation mechanism (11) which are connected in sequence;
in the freezing stage, the pre-temperature regulating unit (3) is used for pre-cooling the working medium flowing through the pre-temperature regulating unit (3), and the intensified cooling unit (12) is used for further cooling the working medium pre-cooled by the pre-temperature regulating unit (3).
2. The cryoablation system according to claim 1, wherein the output side of the pre-tempering unit (3) comprises a cold output side of the pre-tempering unit (3) and a hot output side of the pre-tempering unit (3), the cold output side of the pre-tempering unit (3) being connected to the input side of the intensive cooling unit (12), the hot output side of the pre-tempering unit (3) being connected to the input side of the ablation mechanism (11);
in the rewarming stage, the pre-temperature regulating unit (3) is used for heating the working medium flowing through the pre-temperature regulating unit (3).
3. The cryoablation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a storage device (1), the pre-tempering unit (3) having a number of stages m;
the pre-temperature regulating unit (3) comprises a final stage cold valve (C)2) The final stage hot valve (H)2) 1 st stage vortex tube (W)1) To m-th stage vortex tube (W)m)；
The 1 st stage vortex tube (W)1) Input side (W)1201) Is connected with the output side of the storage device (1);
the m-th stage vortex tube (W)m) Cold output side (W)m202) Through the final stage cold valve (C)2) Connected to the input side of the intensive cooling unit (12), the m-th stage vortex tube (W)m) Heat output side (W) ofm203) Through the final thermal valve (H)2) Connected to the input side of the ablation means (11), the final stage cold valve (C)2) With said final thermal valve (H)2) In parallel, the intensive cooling unit (12) and the final stage thermo valve (H)2) Parallel connection;
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
4. Cryoablation system according to claim 3, wherein said stage 1 vortex tube (W)1) With said m-th vortex tube (W)m) Sequentially connected, wherein m is a natural number more than 1;
the pre-temperature-adjusting unit (3) comprises i-th-stage vortex tubes (W) which are sequentially connected and adjacent to each otheri) I +1 th stage vortex tube (W)i+1) And the ith stage cold valve (JC)i) And ith inter-stage thermal valve (JH)i)；
Ith stage cold valve (JC)i) Set in the i-th stage vortex tube (W)i) Cold output side (W)i202) And the (i + 1) th vortex tubei+1) Input side (W)i+1201) On the line between, the i-th interstage thermal valve (JH)i) Set in the i-th stage vortex tube (W)i) Heat output side (W) ofi203) And the (i + 1) th vortex tubei+1) Input side (W)i+1201) On the line between, the ith interstage cold valve (JC)i) And ith inter-stage thermal valve (JH)i) Parallel connection;
wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m-1.
5. The cryoablation system of claim 4, further comprising a cold storage unit and a heat storage unit; the cold accumulation unit comprises a cooling unit (16) and a cold accumulator (6), and the heat accumulation unit comprises a heating unit (17) and a heat accumulator (7);
the output side of the storage device (1) comprises a cold output side (101) of the storage device (1) and a hot output side (102) of the storage device (1);
vortex tube of stage 1 (W)1) Input side (W)1201) Is connected with the cold output side (101) of the storage device (1) through a cooling unit (16); vortex tube of stage 1 (W)1) Input side (W)1201) Is connected with the heat output side (102) of the storage device (1) through a temperature rising unit (17); the temperature reduction unit (16) and the temperature rise unit (17) are connected in parallel;
the cooling unit (16) comprises cold storage valves (C) which are connected in sequence0) And a first flow channel (13), the first flow channel (13) being arranged within the regenerator (6);
the temperature rising unit (17) comprises heat storage valves (H) which are connected in sequence0) And a sixth flow passage (701), the sixth flow passage (701) being provided in the regenerator (7).
6. Cryoablation system according to claim 5, wherein the cold accumulator (6) comprises a plurality of second cold accumulatorsA flow channel (14); the pre-temperature regulating unit (3) also comprises an ith interstage cold exhaust valve (JC)i2) And the last stage cold exhaust valve (C)22)；
The ith interstage cold exhaust valve (JC)i2) Set in the i-th stage vortex tube (W)i) Cold output side (W)i202) And the ith interstage cold exhaust valve (JC) on a line between the input side of the corresponding second flow passage (14)i2) And the ith interstage cold valve (JC)i) Parallel connection; the last stage cold exhaust valve (C)22) Set in the m-th stage vortex tube (W)m) Cold output side (W)m202) And the final stage cold exhaust valve (C) on the line between the input side of the respective second flow channel (14)22) With said final cold valve (C)2) And (4) connecting in parallel.
7. The cryoablation system according to claim 6, further comprising a regenerator (10), a cold tail valve (C)3) And hot tail valve (H)3) The regenerator (10) comprises a fourth flow channel (103) and a fifth flow channel (104);
the fourth flow passage (103) is arranged on the m-th stage vortex tube (W)m) Cold output side (W)m202) With the input side of the intensive cooling unit (12) and with the final stage cold valve (C)2) In series, the output side of the ablation mechanism (11) is connected with the input side of the corresponding second flow channel (14) through the fifth flow channel (104);
a cold tail valve (C) is arranged on a pipeline between the output side of the ablation mechanism (11) and the input side of the fifth flow passage (104)3) A hot tail valve (H) is also arranged on the pipeline at the output side of the ablation mechanism (11)3) Said hot tail valve (H)3) With the cold tail valve (C)3) In parallel, the hot tail valve (H)3) In parallel with the fifth flow path (104), the hot tail valve (H)3) Is connected in parallel with the second flow channel (14).
8. The cryoablation system according to claim 5, wherein the thermal accumulator (7) comprises a plurality of seventh flow channels (702); the pre-temperature regulating unit (3) also comprises an i-th interstage heat exhaust valve (JH)i2) And the last stage hot exhaust valve (H)22)；
The ith inter-stage heat exhaust valve (JH)i2) Set in the i-th stage vortex tube (W)i) Heat output side (W) ofi203) On a line between the input side of the corresponding seventh flow path (702), the i-th interstage heat exhaust valve (JH)i2) And the ith inter-stage thermal valve (JH)i) Parallel connection; said last stage hot exhaust valve (H)22) Set in the m-th stage vortex tube (W)m) Heat output side (W) ofm203) And the input side of the corresponding seventh flow channel (702), the final stage hot exhaust valve (H)22) With said final thermal valve (H)2) And (4) connecting in parallel.
9. The cryoablation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a phase separator (8), wherein the output side of the intensified cooling unit (12) is connected to the input side of the phase separator (8), the liquid output side (801) of the phase separator (8) is connected to the input side of the ablation mechanism (11), the liquid output side (801) of the phase separator (8) is connected to the heat output side of the pre-temperature-regulating unit (3), the gas output side (802) of the phase separator (8) is connected to a void fraction detector (9), the void fraction detector (9) is used for detecting the content of bubbles in the phase separator (8), and the output side of the void fraction detector (9) is provided with a bubble control valve (C)4)。
10. The cryoablation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intensive cooling unit (12) comprises a heat exchanger (4) and a refrigerator (5) for intensive cooling of the working medium flowing through the heat exchanger (4).
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