CN211462398U - Biochar preparation system - Google Patents
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- CN211462398U CN211462398U CN201921884632.3U CN201921884632U CN211462398U CN 211462398 U CN211462398 U CN 211462398U CN 201921884632 U CN201921884632 U CN 201921884632U CN 211462398 U CN211462398 U CN 211462398U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a biological charcoal preparation system, this biological charcoal preparation system include retort and tail gas treatment system. The tail gas treatment system can remove harmful gases and recover combustible gases, and the gas inlet end of the tail gas treatment system is connected with a ventilation port on the carbonization furnace and comprises a water washing mechanism, a cyclone separator, a cooler, a water-gas separator and a gas collection tank which are sequentially connected in series. This charcoal preparation system utensil carries out the cooling mechanism of cooling to the charcoal of preparation, and cooling mechanism includes oil cold and water-cooling two-stage cooling at least, and the cooling of going out the charcoal is accelerated to realize continuous production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an agricultural discarded object innocent treatment and resourceization high efficiency utilize field, especially relate to a biological charcoal preparation system.
Background
The biochar is a highly aromatic indissolvable solid product produced by high-temperature thermal cracking of biomass in an anaerobic or anoxic environment. The biomass charcoal applied in the soil can reduce the volume weight of the soil, improve the carbon reservoir of the soil and improve the soil aggregation and the water holding capacity of the soil. In addition, due to the special pore structure, the larger specific surface area and the chemical functional groups of the biochar, the biochar can adsorb and fix fertilizer nutrients, delay the release of the fertilizer in soil and reduce the leaching loss of the nutrients. In addition, the biochar can also be used as a natural nitrogen fertilizer slow release agent to play a great role in agricultural production. Therefore, the biochar plays an important role in agricultural development.
In the prior art, when the biochar is prepared, a carbonization furnace is mostly used for carrying out high-temperature thermal cracking granulation on materials and then directly discharging the materials, and because the temperature of a carbonization area is 400-600 ℃, the prepared biochar has higher temperature, and the biochar is likely to be re-combusted due to the fact that the biochar is directly discharged and contacts with air, the biochar is damaged, the yield is reduced, and the fertilizer efficiency in the later period is influenced. At present, the known cooling of the biochar adopts natural cooling, the biochar needs more than 20 hours from 400-600 ℃ to room temperature, even days in summer, as the biochar needs to be heated to more than 500 ℃ to generate dry distillation gas during dry distillation, and the prepared biochar is oxidized and heated during the cooling process, so the temperature is difficult to reduce, and the operation causes the production to be discontinuous, thereby reducing the production efficiency.
In addition, the biochar can generate HCN and SO in the preparation process2、NH3、NOXWhen harmful gas is generated, the waste gas generated in the prior production is absorbed and treated by a spray tower, the spray tower is equipment for protecting the environment and purifying the waste gas, toxic and harmful substances contained in the waste gas can be absorbed and eliminated, and the aim of quickly purifying the waste gas is fulfilled mainly by the spray tower by utilizing the principles of acid-base reaction and redox. But the biochar can also generate CH in the preparation process4、H2And CO and the like, and the existing tail gas is directly discharged after being washed by water and reaching the discharge standard, so that the part of combustible gas is wasted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a biochar preparation system is provided which can forcibly cool the biochar prepared, realize continuous production and can recover combustible gas.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:
a biochar preparation system comprises a carbonization furnace and a tail gas treatment system, wherein a support is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace, and a first feed inlet and a first discharge outlet are respectively formed in the top and the bottom of the carbonization furnace; the lower part of carbomorphism stove inner chamber is equipped with the ignition mechanism who is used for making the material smoldering, still is equipped with in its inner chamber to be used for promoting the material and carries downwards and stir garrulous material and be grainy discharge mechanism, has seted up the scavenge port on the carbomorphism stove lateral wall that corresponds ignition mechanism, its characterized in that:
the air inlet end of the tail gas treatment system is connected with the air exchange port and comprises a water washing mechanism, a cyclone separator, a cooler, a water-gas separator and a gas collecting tank which are sequentially connected in series, and an air suction pump is arranged on a gas transmission pipeline in front of the gas collecting tank;
the biochar preparation system comprises a cooling mechanism for cooling the prepared biochar;
the cooling mechanism comprises an oil cooling chamber and a water cooling auger; the oil cooling chamber is fixed at the bottom of the carbonization furnace, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the side wall of the oil cooling chamber, and the first discharge port penetrates through the oil cooling chamber; the slope of water-cooling auger upwards sets up, has the second feed inlet that makes progress and be connected with first discharge gate on the lateral wall of its lower extreme, has decurrent second discharge gate on the lateral wall of its upper end, and its inside auger axle that is used for driving the material and carries to the second discharge gate that has, the casing of water-cooling auger is bilayer structure, forms the water-cooling intermediate layer between inside and outside shell body, the interbedded upper end of water-cooling has the water inlet, and the lower extreme has the delivery port, water inlet and delivery port form the hoop with water cooling plant and are connected for water cooling plant can be to water-cooling intermediate layer circulation supply cooling water.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the water-cooling interlayer is axially divided into an upper interlayer and a lower interlayer by a partition plate, and the upper end and the lower end of each interlayer are equally provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
The further technical scheme is as follows: ignition mechanism includes that the hoop equipartition is fixed in a plurality of some firearms on retort lower part inner wall, locates the temperature sensor in the retort lower part and the first controller of peripheral hardware, the signal input part of first controller connects temperature sensor, and the aspiration pump is connected to the control output.
The further technical scheme is as follows: and the ventilation port is provided with an electronic flow valve capable of adjusting the size of the opening, and the control output end of the first controller is also connected with the electronic flow valve.
The further technical scheme is as follows: discharge mechanism includes ejection of compact motor and (mixing) shaft, the vertical center of locating the retort of (mixing) shaft to with the help of bearing and retort rotatable coupling, be fixed with helical blade on the (mixing) shaft, the lower extreme of (mixing) shaft runs through oil cold chamber and is fixed with the output shaft of ejection of compact motor with the help of the shaft coupling.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the water washing mechanism comprises a water storage tank and a spray tower, and the spray tower is provided with a primary spray tower and a secondary spray tower which are connected in series; the bottom of each spray tower is hollow and is erected on the water storage tank; each spray tower is internally provided with at least two groups of water washing units which are positioned above the air inlet and are arranged at intervals up and down, each water washing unit comprises a packing layer and a spray pipe above the packing layer, and the spray pipe is communicated with the water storage tank through a water suction pump; at least twice spout has been seted up to circumference equidistance on the inner wall of one-level spray tower lower part, in one-level spray tower below be fixed with on the packing layer with spout assorted slider, the lateral wall of one-level spray tower is improved level and is fixed with the cylinder that corresponds with the slider, run through the lateral wall of one-level spray tower behind the cylinder pole extension of cylinder to it supports it to be located the slider below, the gas outlet of one-level spray tower is equipped with gas flow sensor, gas flow sensor and cylinder are connected respectively in the signal input part and the control output part of a second controller.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the upper portion of tank inner wall is fixed with the filter screen, the inlet tube of suction pump is located the below of filter screen, the bottom of spray column is located the top of filter screen.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the cooler comprises a gas collecting tank and a water collecting tank which are arranged up and down, a plurality of radiating pipes are communicated between the gas collecting tank and the water collecting tank, the gas collecting tank is divided into an independent gas inlet cavity and an independent gas outlet cavity through vertical partition plates, the gas inlet cavity is communicated with a gas outlet end of the cyclone separator, the gas outlet cavity is communicated with a gas inlet end of the water-gas separator, and a water outlet is formed in the water collecting tank.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
the recovery part of combustible gas is added in the tail gas treatment system, and water vapor in the water washing process can be removed through the arrangement of the cyclone separator, the cooler and the water-gas separator, and high-temperature gas is cooled, so that the dryness and efficient storage of the combustible gas are ensured, and the value of the preparation of the biochar is improved.
The biochar preparation system is provided with a cooling mechanism for forcibly cooling the prepared biochar, and the cooling mechanism at least comprises two-stage cooling. After carbonization, firstly arranging an oil cooling chamber around the discharge port, and rapidly cooling to below 200 ℃ by using cooling oil in the flowing process of discharge; and then the water-cooling packing auger is used for circulating water cooling, so that on one hand, the conveying time and the conveying stroke of the biochar through the water-cooling packing auger are longer, and the water-cooling time is prolonged, and on the other hand, the biochar is continuously stirred in the water-cooling packing auger through an auger shaft, so that the biochar can be fully and uniformly contacted with the water-cooling interlayer. Can effectually guarantee through the two-stage cooling that the biochar ejection of compact back can not reburn with the air, effectively guarantee the quality of biochar, and utilize this biochar preparation facilities can carry out system charcoal production in succession, improved production efficiency.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the carbonization furnace connected to the cooling mechanism;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle-level spray tower of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from the specific details set forth herein, and one skilled in the art may similarly generalize the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a biochar preparation system is used for thermally cracking biomass at high temperature in an anaerobic or anoxic environment to obtain biochar particles. The biochar preparation system comprises a carbonization furnace 101 and a tail gas treatment system.
The carbonization furnace 101 may be constructed of refractory bricks, and can withstand high temperatures, and an insulating layer is provided on the outer layer of the refractory bricks, so that the temperature inside the furnace is not affected by the external environment. The bottom of the carbonization furnace 101 is provided with a bracket, and the top and the bottom of the carbonization furnace 101 are respectively provided with a first feeding hole 102 and a first discharging hole 103. The lower part of the inner cavity of the carbonization furnace 101 is provided with an ignition mechanism for smoldering the materials, and the ignition mechanism provides required heat for preparing the biochar but does not generate open fire, so that the biomass is in a smoldering state. The inner cavity of the carbonization furnace 101 is also provided with a discharging mechanism for pushing the materials to be conveyed downwards and stirring the materials into particles, and the side wall of the carbonization furnace 101 corresponding to the ignition mechanism is provided with a ventilation opening 104.
The interior of the hearth of the carbonization furnace 101 can be divided into a drying zone, a preheating zone and a carbonization zone from top to bottom due to different temperatures, and the ignition mechanism is arranged in the carbonization zone. In the process of producing charcoal, new biomass is continuously added into the carbonization furnace 101 along with the discharge of the biochar. The biomass enters the furnace through the first feeding hole 102, continuously moves downwards along with the pushing of the discharging mechanism, sequentially passes through the drying zone and the preheating zone, finally reaches the carbonization zone with the highest temperature for carbonization, and is made into biochar particles along with the crushing and high-temperature cracking of the discharging mechanism, and is discharged from the first discharging hole 103.
During the carbonization process, tail gas is generated, which contains HCN and SO2、NH3、NOXAnd harmful gases, and CH4、H2And combustible gas such as CO can remove harmful gas and can also be recycled. The air inlet end of the tail gas treatment system is connected with the scavenging port 104 and comprises a water washing mechanism 201, a cyclone separator 202, a cooler 203, a water-gas separator 204 and an air collecting tank 205 which are sequentially connected in series, an air pump 206 is arranged on an air transmission pipeline in front of the air collecting tank 205, and the air can smoothly flow through each treatment device by the aid of the assistance of the air pump 206 and is finally stored in the air collecting tank 205.
When the tail gas treatment system is used for treating tail gas in the preparation process of the biochar:
firstly, discharging tail gas from a preparation tank, allowing the tail gas to enter a water washing mechanism 201, and mainly removing harmful gas in the gas through the water washing mechanism 201 and performing water cooling on the gas to a certain extent;
secondly, the gas after being washed by the water washing mechanism 201 contains a large amount of water vapor and combustible gas, the gas enters the cyclone separator 202 from the gas outlet of the water washing mechanism 201, liquid drops in the gas flow are separated by centrifugal force, and the separated liquid drops are discharged from the lower part;
thirdly, because the temperature in the process of preparing the biochar is between 400 ℃ and 600 ℃, a large amount of water vapor is also mixed in the gas discharged by the cyclone separator 202, and the gas enters the cooler 203 from the gas discharge port of the cyclone separator 202, so that the water vapor is condensed, and the gas-liquid separation is realized. The purpose of the cooler 203 is primarily to further remove water vapor from the gas, while also cooling the gas to reduce its expanded volume.
And fourthly, the gas is treated by the cooler 203 and then enters the water-gas separator 204 for further water-gas separation treatment so as to ensure the dryness of the combustible gas. Therein, the moisture separator 204 may comprise two or more in series.
And fifthly, storing the treated combustible gas in the gas collection tank 205, wherein the gas is dry and has low temperature, and meanwhile, a pressure sensor is arranged on the gas collection tank 205 to ensure the safety of the internal pressure.
In order to prevent the discharged biochar from being reburned after contacting with air, the biochar preparation system comprises a cooling mechanism 301 for cooling the prepared biochar, and the cooling mechanism 301 comprises an oil cooling chamber 302 and a water cooling auger 303. The oil cooling chamber 302 is fixed at the bottom of the carbonization furnace 101, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the side wall of the oil cooling chamber, and the first discharge port 103 penetrates through the oil cooling chamber 302. The slope of water-cooling auger 303 upwards sets up, has the second feed inlet 304 that upwards and be connected with first discharge gate 103 on the lateral wall of its lower extreme, has decurrent second discharge gate 305 on the lateral wall of its upper end, and its inside auger axle that is used for driving the material to carry to second discharge gate 305 that has, the casing of water-cooling auger 303 is bilayer structure, forms water-cooling intermediate layer 306 between inside and outside shell body, water-cooling intermediate layer 306's upper end has water inlet 307, and the lower extreme has delivery port 308, water inlet 307 and delivery port 308 form the hoop with water cooling plant and are connected for water cooling plant can supply cooling water to water-cooling intermediate layer 306 circulation. In the device, a cooling tower is adopted as a water cooling device, the auger belongs to the existing equipment and is used for conveying materials, a helical blade is arranged on an auger shaft, two ends of the helical blade are rotatably connected with the inner wall of a shell through bearings, one end of the helical blade is connected with a motor for driving the helical blade to rotate, and the motor is fixed with the shell through a motor frame.
This biological charcoal preparation system possesses cooling body 301 that carries out cooling to the biological charcoal of preparation, and cooling body 301 includes two-stage cooling at least. After carbonization, an oil cooling chamber 302 is arranged around the discharge port, and cooling oil is used for rapidly cooling to below 200 ℃ in the flowing process of discharge. Then the biochar enters a second feeding hole 304 from the first discharging hole 103, and is circularly water-cooled by the water-cooling packing auger 303, so that on one hand, the time and the stroke of conveying the biochar by the water-cooling packing auger 303 are longer, and the water-cooling time is prolonged, and on the other hand, the biochar is continuously stirred in the water-cooling packing auger 303 by an auger shaft, so that the biochar can be fully and uniformly contacted with the water-cooling interlayer 306. Can effectually guarantee through the two-stage cooling that the biochar ejection of compact back can not reburn with the air, effectively guarantee the quality of biochar, and utilize this biochar preparation facilities can carry out system charcoal production in succession, improved production efficiency. In the process, the water in the water-cooling interlayer 306 is in a continuous circulation state, the cooling water after absorbing heat is discharged from the water outlet 308 and enters the cooling tower, and the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower enters the water-cooling interlayer 306 from the water inlet 307 to complete the circulation cooling.
In addition, in this charcoal preparation facilities, water-cooling auger 303 has still played the effect of promoting and carrying the material, can place the collection device who is used for collecting the charcoal in second discharge gate 305 department, compares in directly discharging by lower first discharge gate 103, has saved the operation of transporting the charcoal, saves the manual work.
In order to further improve the water cooling effect, the water cooling interlayer 306 is axially divided into an upper interlayer and a lower interlayer by a partition plate, and the upper end and the lower end of each interlayer are equally provided with a water inlet 307 and a water outlet 308, so that the water cooling temperature is ensured, and the cooling effect on the biochar is improved.
The ignition mechanism comprises a plurality of igniters 105 which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the lower part of the carbonization furnace 101, a temperature sensor arranged in the lower part of the carbonization furnace 101 and a first controller arranged outside, wherein the signal input end of the first controller is connected with the temperature sensor, and the control output end of the first controller is connected with the air suction pump 206. The ventilation port 104 and the first feeding port 102 can form a circulating air passage, the signal input end of the first controller is connected with a temperature sensor, and the control output end of the first controller is connected with the air pump 206. Through the regulation and control of the air pump 206, the materials can be ensured not to be burnt by open fire under the condition of ensuring the aerobic entering of the carbonization zone. Specifically, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the carbonization area is too high, in order to avoid open flame combustion of the material, the first controller reduces the rotating speed of the air pump 206, reduces the ventilation volume, and enables the carbonization area to be always in a smoldering state. On the contrary, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the carbonization zone is too low, in order to ensure that the carbonization zone can carry out smoldering carbonization, the first controller can control the rotating speed of the air pump 206 to be increased, and the ventilation volume is increased. Through the regulation to the ventilation volume, can effectively guarantee going on smoothly to biomass carbonization.
In order to further improve the accuracy of ventilation regulation, an electronic flow valve 106 capable of adjusting the size of the opening is arranged on the ventilation opening 104, and the control output end of the first controller is also connected with the electronic flow valve 106. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the carbonization area is too high, the first controller can regulate and control the opening of the electronic flow valve 106 to be small, otherwise, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the carbonization area is too low, the first controller can regulate and control the opening of the electronic flow valve 106 to be large, and the ventilation volume can be accurately regulated through the coordinated control of the electronic flow valve 106 and the air suction pump.
In addition, in order to promote experimental research and provide more effective reference values for the preparation of the biochar, a flow meter is arranged on the ventilation opening 104, so that effective relation between the intake air volume and the temperature is obtained.
Discharge mechanism includes ejection of compact motor 107 and (mixing) shaft 108, the vertical center of locating retort 101 of (mixing) shaft 108 to with the help of high temperature resistant bearing and retort 101 rotatable coupling, be fixed with helical blade on the (mixing) shaft 108, the lower extreme of (mixing) shaft 108 runs through oil cold room 302 and is fixed with the help of shaft coupling and ejection of compact motor 107's output shaft. Through ejection of compact motor 107 drive (mixing) shaft 108 rotatory, utilize rotatory helical blade, can realize the propulsion downwards to the material on the one hand, on the other hand can carry out the breakage to the material and form the particulate matter. The working principle of the screw conveyer is the same as that of a packing auger.
The water washing mechanism 201 comprises a water storage pond 2011 and a spray tower, wherein the spray tower is provided with a primary spray tower 2012 and a secondary spray tower 2013 which are connected in series, and the inlet end of the primary spray tower 2012 receives the biochar preparation tail gas. The bottom fretwork of each spray tower to erect on tank 2011, it is concrete, circumference is fixed with a plurality of angle bars on the lateral wall of spray tower lower part, the angle bar card is at tank 2011 lateral wall top, realizes erecting the fixed of spray tower, in order to make on hypothesis and the tank 2011 that the spray tower can stabilize, consequently be fixed with the crossbeam on tank 2011 between one-level spray tower 2012 and second grade spray tower 2013, thereby make angle bar circumference equipartition blocks on tank 2011 and crossbeam. Have in each spray column and be located the air inlet top, and at least two sets of washing units that the interval set up from top to bottom, each washing unit includes packing layer 2014 and in the shower 2015 of its top, shower 2015 passes through suction pump and reservoir 2011 intercommunication. In water in the tank 2011 was squeezed into each spray pipe 2015 through the suction pump, spray pipe 2015 sprayed water to packing layer 2014 of its below, liquid after the washing backward flow to the tank 2011 in by the bottom of tower body, and this washing mode is prior art.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to prevent the problem of production stoppage caused by packing blockage in the water washing process, at least two chutes 2017 are circumferentially and equidistantly formed in the inner wall of the lower portion of the primary spray tower 2012, sliders 2018 matched with the chutes 2017 are fixed on the packing layer 2014 below the primary spray tower 2012, air cylinders 2019 corresponding to the sliders 2018 are horizontally fixed on the side wall of the primary spray tower 2012, the cylinder rods of the air cylinders 2019 extend to penetrate through the side wall of the primary spray tower 2012 and are located below the sliders 2018 to support the side wall, air flow sensors 2010 are arranged at the air outlets of the primary spray tower 2012, and the air flow sensors 2010 and the air cylinders 2019 are respectively connected to the signal input end and the control output end of a second controller.
In the water washing process, the air displacement of the first-level spray tower 2012 is monitored by the air flow sensor 2010, a monitored signal is transmitted to the second controller, and once the air displacement is reduced, the fact that the filter layer at the bottommost part of the first-level spray tower 2012 is blocked is proved, the second controller controls the air cylinder 2019 to shrink, the support of the filter layer by the cylinder rod is withdrawn, and the filter layer slides out of the tower body along the sliding groove 2017 and falls into the water storage pond 2011. Thereby realize in the mechanism 201 with washing, the filter layer and the tower body swing joint of the most easily at the bottommost of one-level spray tower 2012 that the particulate matter blockked up, in case it is blockked up, then abandoned usefulness, the filter layer that falls simultaneously is more easily found by operating personnel, has avoided frequent periodic investigation, as long as wait to produce after accomplishing change the filter layer of this department again can. And the spray towers are arranged into two stages in series, so that the subsequent packing layer 2014 can be effectively washed, and smooth and effective production is not influenced.
Wherein, the first controller and the second controller can be integrated into a PLC-based programmable logic controller.
A filter screen is fixed on the upper part of the inner wall of the water storage pool 2011, the water inlet pipe of the water suction pump is positioned below the filter screen, and the bottom of the spray tower is positioned above the filter screen. The arrangement of the filter screen can separate solid impurities in the sprayed liquid, so that the circulating spraying liquid is kept clean. In addition, the filter screens can also intercept the dropped packing layer 2014 for discovery and fishing by the operator.
In this tail gas treatment system, cooler 203 adopts the air cooling, including the gas collecting tank 2031 that sets up from top to bottom, the intercommunication has many cooling tubes 2032 between gas collecting tank 2031 and the water collecting tank, independent air intake cavity 2033 and gas outlet cavity 2034 are separated into through vertical baffle to the gas collecting tank, air intake cavity 2033 and cyclone 202's the end intercommunication of giving vent to anger, gas outlet cavity 2034 and the air inlet end intercommunication of water gas separator 204, the outlet has been seted up on the water collecting tank 2031. The inlet cavity 2033 is connected in series with the header tank 2031 via a plurality of corresponding heat pipes 2032, and the header tank 2031 is connected in series with the outlet cavity 2034 via a plurality of remaining heat pipes 2032. When using, gaseous by the entering of air inlet cavity 2033, discharge after the U passageway that forms through two parts cooling tube 2032 gets into air outlet cavity 2034, gaseous dispersion gets into many cooling tubes 2032 in, have the clearance between adjacent cooling tube 2032, with the area of contact of increase with the air, through the circulation of air, take away the heat in the cooling tube 2032, the liquid bead of condensation falls in header tank 2031 under the effect of gravity, thereby realize the condensation backward flow to high temperature steam.
Further for improving the gas separation effect, a heat dissipation sleeve surrounding all the heat dissipation pipes 2032 is fixed on the water collection tank 2031, heat dissipation fins are radially fixed on the outer wall of the heat dissipation sleeve by taking the heat dissipation sleeve as the center, and the heat dissipation area is increased by the heat dissipation fins, so that the treatment effect of the cooler 203 is better. In addition, the heat conductor is filled in the heat dissipation sleeve, and the heat conductor is filled between the heat dissipation pipes 2032, so that the heat of the heat dissipation pipes 2032 can be conducted to the heat dissipation sleeve, and the heat dissipation is accelerated.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and any person can make some simple modifications, deformations and equivalent replacements according to the present invention, all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A biochar preparation system comprises a carbonization furnace (101) and a tail gas treatment system, wherein a support is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace (101), and a first feed inlet (102) and a first discharge outlet (103) are respectively formed in the top and the bottom of the carbonization furnace (101); the lower part of retort (101) inner chamber is equipped with the ignition mechanism that is used for making the material smoldering, still is equipped with in its inner chamber and is used for promoting the material to carry downwards and stir garrulous material and be graininess discharge mechanism, has seted up scavenge port (104), its characterized in that on retort (101) lateral wall that corresponds the ignition mechanism:
the air inlet end of the tail gas treatment system is connected with a ventilation port (104) and comprises a water washing mechanism (201), a cyclone separator (202), a cooler (203), a water-gas separator (204) and a gas collecting tank (205) which are sequentially connected in series, and an air suction pump (206) is arranged on a gas pipeline in front of the gas collecting tank (205);
the biochar preparation system comprises a cooling mechanism (301) for cooling the prepared biochar;
the cooling mechanism (301) comprises an oil cooling chamber (302) and a water cooling packing auger (303); the oil cooling chamber (302) is fixed at the bottom of the carbonization furnace (101), an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the side wall of the oil cooling chamber, and the first discharge hole (103) penetrates through the oil cooling chamber (302); the slope of water-cooling auger (303) upwards sets up, has second feed inlet (304) upwards and be connected with first discharge gate (103) on the lateral wall of its lower extreme, has decurrent second discharge gate (305) on the lateral wall of its upper end, and its inside auger shaft that is used for driving the material to carry to second discharge gate (305) has, the casing of water-cooling auger (303) is bilayer structure, forms water-cooling intermediate layer (306) in inside, between the shell body, the upper end of water-cooling intermediate layer (306) has water inlet (307), and the lower extreme has delivery port (308), water inlet (307) and delivery port (308) form the hoop with water cooling plant and are connected for water cooling plant can be to water-cooling intermediate layer (306) circulation supply cooling water.
2. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water-cooling interlayer (306) is axially divided into an upper interlayer and a lower interlayer by a partition plate, and the upper end and the lower end of each interlayer are respectively provided with a water inlet (307) and a water outlet (308).
3. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: ignition mechanism includes that the hoop equipartition is fixed in a plurality of some firearms (105) on retort (101) lower part inner wall, locates the temperature sensor in retort (101) lower part and the first controller of peripheral hardware, temperature sensor is connected to the signal input part of first controller, and aspiration pump (206) are connected to the control output.
4. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and an electronic flow valve (106) capable of adjusting the size of the opening is arranged on the ventilation opening (104), and the control output end of the first controller is also connected with the electronic flow valve (106).
5. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: discharge mechanism includes ejection of compact motor (107) and (mixing) shaft (108), the vertical center of locating retort (101) of (mixing) shaft (108) to with the help of bearing and retort (101) rotatable coupling, be fixed with helical blade on (mixing) shaft (108), the lower extreme of (mixing) shaft (108) runs through oil cooling chamber (302) and is fixed with the output shaft of ejection of compact motor (107) with the help of the shaft coupling.
6. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water washing mechanism (201) comprises a water storage tank (2011) and a spray tower, the spray tower is provided with a primary spray tower (2012) and a secondary spray tower (2013) which are connected in series, and the inlet end of the primary spray tower (2012) receives biochar preparation tail gas; the bottom of each spray tower is hollow and is erected on a water storage pool (2011); each spray tower is internally provided with at least two groups of water washing units which are positioned above the air inlet and are arranged at intervals up and down, each water washing unit comprises a packing layer (2014) and a spray pipe (2015) above the packing layer, and the spray pipe (2015) is communicated with a water storage pool (2011) through a water suction pump; at least two chutes (2017) are circumferentially and equidistantly formed in the inner wall of the lower portion of the primary spray tower (2012), a sliding block (2018) matched with the chute (2017) is fixed on the packing layer (2014) below the primary spray tower (2012), a cylinder (2019) corresponding to the sliding block (2018) is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the primary spray tower (2012), a cylinder rod of the cylinder (2019) extends to penetrate through the side wall of the primary spray tower (2012) and is located below the sliding block (2018) to support the sliding block, a gas flow sensor (2010) is arranged at a gas outlet of the primary spray tower (2012), and the gas flow sensor (2010) and the cylinder (2019) are respectively connected to a signal input end and a control output end of a second controller.
7. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the upper portion of tank (2011) inner wall is fixed with the filter screen, the inlet tube of suction pump is located the below of filter screen, the bottom of spray column is located the top of filter screen.
8. The biochar production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: cooler (203) including the gas collection box and header tank (2031) that set up from top to bottom, the intercommunication has many cooling tubes (2032) between gas collection box and header tank (2031), independent air intake chamber (2033) and play gas chamber (2034) are separated into through vertical baffle to the gas collection box, air intake chamber (2033) and cyclone (202) the end intercommunication of giving vent to anger, the air intake end intercommunication of going out gas chamber (2034) and moisture separator (204), the outlet has been seted up on header tank (2031).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921884632.3U CN211462398U (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Biochar preparation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN110652784A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-07 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Biochar preparation system |
| CN110652784B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2024-03-22 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Biochar preparation system |
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