CN211367754U - Photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211367754U CN211367754U CN201921952733.XU CN201921952733U CN211367754U CN 211367754 U CN211367754 U CN 211367754U CN 201921952733 U CN201921952733 U CN 201921952733U CN 211367754 U CN211367754 U CN 211367754U
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Abstract
The application provides a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system, wherein direct current output by a photovoltaic array in the system is converted by a first DC/DC converter and then is provided for hydrogen production equipment, so that the hydrogen production equipment converts electric energy output by the photovoltaic array into hydrogen and transmits the hydrogen to a hydrogen storage and transportation system for storage and transportation. The system is also provided with an energy storage battery which only supplies power for the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. In addition, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electric conversion device and then is charged by the energy storage battery, or the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electric conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. Because the power supply power required by the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment is far less than the power of the hydrogen production equipment, the power supply requirement of the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment can be met by using an energy storage battery with smaller capacity. Compared with the traditional mode of providing smooth electric energy for hydrogen production equipment through the energy storage battery, the scheme can greatly reduce the capacity of the energy storage battery, and further reduce the system cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a photovoltaic power generation technical field especially relates to photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system.
Background
In recent years, renewable and sustainable energy resources represented by photovoltaic power generation are rapidly developed, but the intermittency and unpredictability of the photovoltaic power generation become great obstacles for realizing large-scale integration into a main power grid, and especially, the power generation center is separated from a load center due to unbalanced distribution of light resources, so that a large amount of light abandonment phenomena are caused.
In a new energy system, hydrogen energy is an ideal secondary energy, compared with other energy sources, the hydrogen energy has high heat value and high energy density, and the product is water, so that the hydrogen energy is the most environment-friendly energy and is widely considered as an energy carrier which is most hopeful to replace the traditional fossil fuel. Hydrogen is an excellent energy storage medium for renewable and sustainable energy systems, converting solar energy with strongly fluctuating characteristics into hydrogen energy, more favorable for storage and transportation.
However, in the existing photovoltaic hydrogen production system, the energy storage unit is used as a middle buffer unit for converting fluctuating new energy power generation energy into smooth electric energy to be provided for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system has higher power and needs to be provided with a large-capacity energy storage unit, so that the cost is higher and the engineering practicability is poor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system to solve traditional photovoltaic hydrogen production system technical problem with high costs. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the application provides a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system, includes: the system comprises a photovoltaic array, a first DC/DC converter, a hydrogen production system, an energy storage battery, an electrical conversion device and a hydrogen storage and transportation system, wherein the hydrogen production system comprises hydrogen production equipment and hydrogen production auxiliary equipment;
the input end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the output end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with the power supply end of the hydrogen production equipment, and hydrogen output by the hydrogen production equipment is conveyed to the hydrogen storage and transportation system;
the first end of the electrical conversion device is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the second end of the electrical conversion device is connected with the energy storage battery, the third end of the electrical conversion device is connected with the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array or the electric energy output by the energy storage battery is converted by the electrical conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, and the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electrical conversion device and then is supplied to the energy storage battery.
In one possible implementation, the electrical transformation apparatus includes: the second DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the inverter and the direct current bus;
the input end of the second DC/DC converter is the first end of the electric conversion device, and the output end of the second DC/DC converter is connected to the direct current bus;
one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is a second end of the electric conversion device, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the direct current bus;
and the direct-current input end of the inverter is connected to the direct-current bus, and the alternating-current output end of the inverter is the third end of the electric conversion device.
In another possible implementation manner, the method further includes: a fuel cell;
the fuel cell is connected with the fourth end of the electrical conversion device, so that the electric energy output by the fuel cell is converted by the electrical conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment or the energy storage battery;
the electric conversion device further comprises a boost DC/DC converter, the input end of the boost DC/DC converter is the fourth end, and the output end of the boost DC/DC converter is connected to the direct current bus.
In another possible implementation manner, the method further includes: and the power distribution device is connected between the third end of the electrical conversion device and the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment.
In another possible implementation, the hydrogen production system includes at least two hydrogen production devices connected in parallel, and the number of the first DC/DC converters is the same as the number of the hydrogen production devices, each of the first DC/DC converters having one output; the power supply end of each hydrogen production device is connected with the output end of a first DC/DC converter which is different from each other, and the input end of each first DC/DC converter is connected with the photovoltaic array.
In yet another possible implementation manner, the hydrogen production system includes at least two hydrogen production devices connected in parallel, the first DC/DC converter is a multi-output DC/DC converter, the power terminals of each hydrogen production device are connected to different output terminals, and the input terminals of the multi-output DC/DC converter are connected to the photovoltaic array.
In yet another possible implementation, the hydrogen storage and transportation system includes a hydrogen storage facility and a hydrogen delivery device;
the hydrogen storage equipment is connected with the hydrogen production equipment, and hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production equipment is conveyed to the hydrogen storage equipment;
the hydrogen conveying device is connected with the hydrogen storage equipment and conveys the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment out;
the hydrogen conveying device comprises a medium-pressure compressor, and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment is compressed by the medium-pressure compressor and then conveyed to first hydrogen conveying equipment; or the hydrogen conveying device comprises a high-pressure compressor, and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment is compressed by the high-pressure compressor and then conveyed to second hydrogen conveying equipment.
In another possible implementation manner, the method further includes: a controller;
after monitoring that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is lower than a first electric quantity threshold value, the controller controls the photovoltaic array to charge the energy storage battery through the electrical conversion device until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery reaches a second electric quantity threshold value, wherein the second electric quantity threshold value is larger than the first electric quantity threshold value.
In yet another possible implementation manner, the system further comprises a controller;
when the controller monitors that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is lower than a third electric quantity threshold value and the photovoltaic array is in a shutdown state, the controller controls the fuel battery to charge the energy storage battery at a first output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the third electric quantity threshold value;
after monitoring that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the third electric quantity threshold value and the photovoltaic array is in a shutdown state, the controller controls the fuel battery to charge the energy storage battery at a second output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than a fourth electric quantity threshold value, the fourth electric quantity threshold value is higher than the third electric quantity threshold value, and the second output power is smaller than the first output power;
after monitoring that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the fourth electric quantity threshold value and when the photovoltaic array is in a shutdown state, the controller controls the fuel cell to charge the energy storage battery by using third output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery reaches a fifth electric quantity threshold value, wherein the fifth electric quantity threshold value is larger than the fourth electric quantity threshold value, and the third output power is smaller than the second output power.
In another possible implementation manner, the method further includes: a controller;
after the controller receives the hydrogen conveying signal, the hydrogen storage and transportation system is started to convey hydrogen to the hydrogen conveying equipment;
and the controller receives a hydrogen conveying stop signal, or controls the hydrogen storage and transportation system to be closed after monitoring that the hydrogen production system or the hydrogen storage and transportation system is abnormal.
According to the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system, direct current output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the first DC/DC converter and then is provided to the hydrogen production equipment, so that the hydrogen production equipment converts electric energy output by the photovoltaic array into hydrogen and transmits the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage and transportation system for storage and transportation. The system is also provided with an energy storage battery which only supplies power for the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. In addition, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electric conversion device and then is charged by the energy storage battery, or the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electric conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. Because the power supply power required by the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment is far less than the power of the hydrogen production equipment, the power supply requirement of the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment can be met by using an energy storage battery with smaller capacity. Compared with the traditional mode of providing smooth electric energy for hydrogen production equipment through the energy storage battery, the scheme can greatly reduce the capacity of the energy storage battery, and further reduce the system cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial structure of a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of another photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 shows a flow chart of an energy storage battery charging process in a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of another photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of a hydrogen delivery control process in a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of another photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the system mainly includes: photovoltaic array 110, first DC/DC converter 120, a hydrogen production system comprising hydrogen production equipment 131 and hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132, energy storage battery 140, electrical conversion device 150, and hydrogen storage and transportation system 160.
The input end of the first DC/DC converter 120 is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic array 110, the output end of the first DC/DC converter 120 is connected to the power supply end of the hydrogen production equipment 131, and the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array 110 is converted by the first DC/DC converter 120 and then provided to the hydrogen production equipment 131, that is, the photovoltaic array 110 provides working power supply for the hydrogen production equipment 131.
The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen plant 131 is transported to the hydrogen storage and transportation system 160 and stored and transported by the hydrogen storage and transportation system 160.
A first end of the electrical conversion device 150 is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array 110, a second end of the electrical conversion device 150 is connected with the energy storage battery 140, and a third end of the electrical conversion device 150 is connected with the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132.
The electric energy output by photovoltaic array 110 is converted into alternating current by electrical conversion device 150 and then provided to hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132, that is, photovoltaic array 110 supplies power to hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132, for example, when photovoltaic array 110 is in normal operation, the photovoltaic array can supply power to hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132.
The electric energy output by energy storage cell 140 is converted into ac power by electrical conversion device 150 and then provided to hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132, that is, energy storage cell 140 supplies power to hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132, for example, when photovoltaic array 110 does not work or the power generation is low, energy storage cell 140 may supply power to hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132.
In addition, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array 110 is converted by the electric conversion device 150 to charge the energy storage battery 140.
In an embodiment of the present application, the energy storage battery 140 preferably employs a lithium ion battery, which has high energy density and high charging efficiency, and is more suitable for energy storage.
In one embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen production system may be an alkaline water electrolysis system or a PEM water electrolysis system. For example, in the case of an alkaline water electrolysis system, the hydrogen production device 131 may be a water electrolysis cell, and the hydrogen production auxiliary device is a device other than the water electrolysis cell in the alkaline water electrolysis system, for example, the hydrogen production auxiliary device includes an alkali circulation pump, a water replenishing pump, an anti-freezing heating device, a temperature and pressure measuring instrument, and an electrical device such as an illumination device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production system, the monitoring device in the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment needs to continue monitoring when the hydrogen production equipment does not work, or the anti-freezing heating device in the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment needs to heat or preheat the hydrogen production equipment. Therefore, the power supply of the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment continuously supplies power. For the above reasons, it is desirable to provide an uninterrupted power supply for the hydrogen production auxiliary device, i.e., energy storage cell 140, so that the hydrogen production auxiliary device can be powered by energy storage cell 140 when the photovoltaic array is not in operation.
In this embodiment, the energy storage battery 140 may be charged by the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array 110, and in an embodiment of the present application, if the controller monitors that the electric quantity in the energy storage battery 140 is lower than the first electric quantity threshold, the photovoltaic array 110 is controlled to charge the energy storage battery 140 until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery 140 reaches the second electric quantity threshold. The second charge threshold is greater than the first charge threshold, for example, the first charge threshold is about 60% of the rated capacity of the energy storage battery 140, and the second charge threshold is about 90% of the rated capacity of the energy storage battery 140.
In one possible implementation manner of the present application, the system further includes a controller, and the controller implements the following functions: charging control of hydrogen production auxiliary equipment and an energy storage battery; namely, the photovoltaic power generation and the energy storage battery are used for controlling the power supply of the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, and the photovoltaic power generation is used for controlling the charging of the energy storage battery; controlling a hydrogen production system; namely hydrogen production equipment and hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, such as hydrogen yield, hydrogen pressure, electrolytic bath temperature, alkali liquor level control and the like.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the electrical conversion device 150 includes a second DC/DC converter 151, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 152, an inverter 153, and a direct current bus 154.
An input terminal of the second DC/DC converter 151 is connected to the photovoltaic array 110 as a first terminal of the electrical conversion device, an output terminal of the second DC/DC converter 151 is connected to the DC bus 154, and the second DC/DC converter 151 functions to reduce a DC voltage output from the photovoltaic array.
One end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 152 is connected to the energy storage battery 140 as a second end of the electrical conversion device 150, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 152 is connected to the DC bus 154. When the energy storage battery 140 is discharged, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 152 converts the DC power output by the energy storage battery 140 and transmits the converted DC power to the DC bus 154. When the energy storage battery 140 is charged, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 152 supplies the electric energy output from the second DC/DC converter 151 to the energy storage battery 140.
In the embodiment, the electric energy input to the second DC/DC converter 151 is provided by the photovoltaic array 110, that is, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array 110 is converted to charge the energy storage battery 140.
The dc terminal of the inverter 153 is connected to the dc bus 154, the ac terminal of the inverter 153 serves as the third terminal of the electrical conversion device, and the inverter 153 converts the dc signal on the dc bus 154 into an ac signal to supply power to the auxiliary hydrogen production equipment 132.
In one embodiment of the present application, a power distribution device 170 is disposed between the third terminal of the electrical converter 150 and the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132, and the ac power signal output from the third terminal of the electrical converter 150 is transmitted to the power distribution device 170 and then transmitted to each hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132 by the power distribution device 170.
According to the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment, direct current output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the first DC/DC converter and then is provided to the hydrogen production equipment, so that the hydrogen production equipment converts electric energy output by the photovoltaic array into hydrogen and transmits the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage and transportation system for storage and transportation. The system is also provided with an energy storage battery which only supplies power for the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. In addition, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electric conversion device and then is charged by the energy storage battery, or the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electric conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. Because the power supply power required by the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment is far less than the power of the hydrogen production equipment, the power supply requirement of the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment can be met by using an energy storage battery with smaller capacity. Compared with the traditional mode of providing smooth electric energy for hydrogen production equipment through the energy storage battery, the scheme can greatly reduce the capacity of the energy storage battery, and further reduce the system cost.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of another photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, and in this embodiment, a fuel cell is further provided on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
The photovoltaic array hydrogen production system is an off-grid hydrogen production system, namely the photovoltaic hydrogen production system is disconnected from a public power grid, and the photovoltaic array outputs less electric energy at night or when the light radiation intensity is weak, so that the energy storage battery 140 cannot be charged. In addition, in order to further reduce the capacity of the energy storage battery, a fuel battery with lower cost is arranged as a standby power supply of the energy storage battery, so that the system cost is further reduced, namely, the system investment cost is reduced, and the investment threshold of the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system is reduced.
In summary, the present embodiment adds a fuel cell to the embodiment shown in fig. 1. The fuel cell in the embodiment is used as a standby charging power supply of the energy storage battery or a power supply of the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, so that the capacity requirement on the fuel cell is low.
Of course, whether to provide a fuel cell is determined by the specific requirements of the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system. The fuel cell can be a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, and whether the fuel cell is arranged or not can be determined according to the capacity of the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system. For example, when the photovoltaic power generation capacity is 1MW or more, a fuel cell can be configured, so that the capacity of an energy storage battery is reduced, and the system investment cost is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system further includes a fuel cell 210, and the fuel cell 210 is connected to the fourth terminal of the electrical conversion device 150.
A boost DC/DC converter 220 is provided between the fourth terminal of the electrical conversion device 150 and the DC bus, an input terminal of the boost DC/DC converter 220 serves as the fourth terminal of the electrical conversion device 150, and an output terminal of the boost DC/DC converter 220 is connected to the DC bus 154.
The electric signal output by the fuel cell 210 is boosted by the boost DC/DC converter 220 and then transmitted to the DC bus 154, and then the DC bus 154 provides the electric signal to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132 or charges the energy storage battery 140.
In one embodiment of the present application, hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132 is preferably powered by energy storage cell 140, and hydrogen production auxiliary equipment 132 is powered secondarily by fuel cell 210. In this embodiment, both the photovoltaic array 110 and the fuel cell 210 can charge the energy storage cell 140; in one embodiment of the present application, when the energy storage battery 140 needs to be charged, the photovoltaic array 110 may be preferentially selected to charge the energy storage battery 140; when the photovoltaic array 110 does not work or outputs low power and cannot charge the energy storage battery 140, the fuel cell 210 can be selected to charge the energy storage battery 140. When the fuel cell 210 is selected to charge the energy storage cell 140, the energy storage cell 140 can be charged with different output powers according to different electric quantities of the energy storage cell 140
In the present application, the charging control process of the energy storage battery can be realized by the controller, that is, the charging control of the energy storage battery by the photovoltaic power generation and the fuel cell is performed, and the specific control process is shown in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 3, a flow chart of a process for charging an energy storage battery using a fuel cell is shown, the charging process comprising the steps of:
s110, detecting the range of the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery;
if the residual capacity of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to the third capacity threshold, executing S120; if the remaining capacity of the energy storage battery is greater than the third capacity threshold and less than or equal to the fourth capacity threshold, performing S130; if the remaining capacity of the energy storage battery is greater than the fourth capacity threshold and less than or equal to the fifth capacity threshold, S140 is executed. If the remaining capacity of the energy storage battery is greater than the fifth capacity threshold, S150 is performed.
In one embodiment of the present application, the third charge threshold may be about 60% of the rated capacity of the energy storage battery 140, the fourth charge threshold may be about 80% of the rated capacity, and the fifth charge threshold may be about 90% of the rated capacity.
And S120, controlling the fuel cell to charge the energy storage cell by the first output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage cell is greater than a third electric quantity threshold value. And then S130 is performed.
If the residual capacity of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to the third capacity threshold, indicating that the residual capacity of the energy storage battery is less, the energy storage battery can be charged by adopting higher charging power. For example, the first output power may be a rated output power of the fuel cell.
And S130, controlling the fuel cell to charge the energy storage cell with the second output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage cell is greater than a fourth electric quantity threshold value. And then performs S140.
If the remaining capacity of the energy storage battery is greater than the third capacity threshold and less than or equal to the fourth capacity threshold, it indicates that the capacity of the energy storage battery reaches a certain level, and meanwhile, in order to make the efficiency of the fuel cell higher, the energy storage battery may be charged with a second output power lower than the first output power. For example, the second output power may be about 2/3 of the rated power of the fuel cell.
And S140, controlling the fuel cell to charge the energy storage cell with the third output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage cell is greater than a fifth electric quantity threshold value. And then performs S150.
If the remaining capacity of the energy storage battery is greater than the fourth capacity threshold and less than the fifth capacity threshold, the energy storage battery can be charged with a lower third output power, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is further improved. For example, the third output power may be about 1/3 of the rated power of the fuel cell.
And S150, stopping charging the energy storage battery by the fuel battery.
And if the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the fifth electric quantity threshold value, the energy storage battery does not need the fuel battery to charge the energy storage battery temporarily, and the fuel battery is controlled to stop charging the energy storage battery at the moment.
It should be noted that, when the controller monitors that the fuel cell needs to charge the energy storage cell, it is necessary to control the boost DC/DC converter 220 to be in the working state, and at the same time, control the bidirectional DC/DC converter 152 to be in the working state, so that the electric energy output by the fuel cell 210 is converted by the boost DC/DC converter 220 and then is transmitted to the direct current bus 154, and then the bidirectional DC/DC converter 152 supplies the electric energy on the direct current bus to the energy storage cell 140.
In an embodiment of the present application, a monitoring circuit for monitoring the remaining power may be integrated in the energy storage battery 140, and the monitored remaining power is transmitted to the controller, and the controller further controls the operating state of the fuel cell according to the remaining power of the energy storage battery 140.
The charging control mode can ensure that the efficiency of the fuel cell is higher on the premise of timely charging the energy storage battery, so that the energy conversion efficiency in the whole photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of another photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided in the present application is shown, and this embodiment focuses on the composition and operation process of a hydrogen storage and transportation system.
In this embodiment, a hydrogen storage and transportation system is described in detail based on the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and as shown in fig. 4, the hydrogen storage and transportation system 160 mainly includes a hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen gas delivery device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen storage device may be a hydrogen storage tank 161. The hydrogen storage tank 161 has an air inlet connected to the hydrogen production equipment 131 and an air outlet connected to the hydrogen delivery device. The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 131 is delivered to the hydrogen storage tank 161 for buffering and is delivered by the hydrogen delivery device.
In one possible implementation, the hydrogen delivery apparatus may include a medium pressure compressor 162 and a medium pressure hydrogen delivery device 163, which may be, for example, a solid state hydrogen storage container.
In another possible implementation, the hydrogen delivery means may include a high pressure compressor 164 and a high pressure hydrogen delivery apparatus 165, for example, the high pressure hydrogen delivery apparatus may be a tube trailer.
It should be noted that either one of the two hydrogen gas supply devices may be selected and used alone, or two hydrogen gas supply devices may be selected and used in combination.
In addition, in the medium-pressure conveying mode, whether the medium-pressure compressor is arranged or not can be set according to the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrogen production system, for example, the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrogen production system is 1.6-5.0 MPa, and if the hydrogen outlet pressure is greater than or equal to 3.0MPa, hydrogen can be directly filled into the medium-pressure hydrogen conveying equipment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the high pressure hydrogen delivery apparatus preferably employs a tube trailer, for example, a 20MPa tube trailer. The number of long tube trailers used can be determined according to the hydrogen production amount of the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system.
In one possible implementation of the present application, the hydrogen delivery process of the hydrogen storage and transportation system may be controlled by a controller. For example, the hydrogen production capacity of the system may be determined by the need to select two or more long tube trailers to deliver hydrogen. After receiving a hydrogen conveying signal, taking gas from a hydrogen storage tank by using a high-pressure hydrogen compressor, and conveying the gas to a long-tube trailer through a hydrogen bus system to fill hydrogen; and when a hydrogen conveying stop signal is received or the state of the hydrogen storage and transportation system is abnormal after the hydrogen production system is monitored, controlling the hydrogen storage and transportation system to be closed, namely stopping conveying hydrogen.
Specifically, the hydrogen gas delivery control process as shown in fig. 5 may include the following steps:
and S210, under the normal condition of the hydrogen production system, after the controller receives a hydrogen conveying signal, controlling the compressor to start, pressurizing the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank and filling the pressurized hydrogen into the hydrogen conveying equipment.
In an application scenario of the application, a switch or a button is arranged at a hydrogen output port of the hydrogen storage and transportation system, and when the switch or the button is touched, a hydrogen transportation signal is generated and transmitted to the controller. And after receiving the hydrogen conveying signal, the controller controls the compressor to take gas from the hydrogen storage tank, compress the gas and convey the compressed gas to hydrogen conveying equipment.
If the hydrogen storage and transportation system is provided with medium-pressure delivery equipment and high-pressure delivery equipment, the switch or the button needs to be respectively provided for the medium-pressure equipment and the high-pressure equipment. And when detecting that a switch or a button corresponding to the medium-voltage equipment is triggered, controlling the medium-voltage compressor to start. And similarly, when detecting that the switch or the button corresponding to the high-voltage equipment is triggered, controlling the high-voltage compressor to start.
And S220, controlling the hydrogen storage and transportation system to be closed after the controller receives the hydrogen transportation stop signal.
When the hydrogen conveying equipment is filled with hydrogen, the switch or the button can be triggered again to generate a hydrogen conveying stop signal, and the controller receives the signal and controls the hydrogen storage and transportation system to be closed, namely controls the compressor to be shut down, namely controls the hydrogen storage and transportation system to stop outputting hydrogen.
And S230, when the controller monitors that the state of the hydrogen storage and transportation system after the hydrogen production system is abnormal, controlling the hydrogen storage and transportation system to be closed.
The controller receives various state data of the hydrogen production system, such as hydrogen yield, hydrogen pressure, electrolytic bath temperature, liquid level position in the electrolytic bath, hydrogen leakage and the like, acquired by the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment. The controller then determines whether an abnormal state exists based on the received system state parameters.
And when the controller monitors that the hydrogen production system is abnormal, the hydrogen storage and transportation system is directly controlled to be closed.
Besides the functions described in the above embodiments, the controller also has a function of uploading system operating parameters and/or historical data to a remote upper computer or server.
The hydrogen storage and transportation cost in the photovoltaic hydrogen production system accounts for more than 1/3 of the total hydrogen cost, so that the produced hydrogen cannot be transported out to become a bottleneck for the development of the hydrogen energy industry. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment conveys hydrogen out through the hydrogen storage and transportation system, and the hydrogen storage and transportation system conveys the hydrogen away by adopting at least one of medium-pressure conveying equipment and high-pressure conveying equipment. Compared with a mode of laying a hydrogen conveying pipeline or liquefying in a hydrogen production field, the transportation mode has the advantages that the hydrogen conveying scheme is more convenient and flexible, the investment cost of the photovoltaic hydrogen production system is greatly reduced, the engineering feasibility of photovoltaic hydrogen production is improved, and the practical value is higher.
In addition, the hydrogen production equipment in the photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system shown in fig. 1 and 2 can also adopt a mode of connecting two hydrogen production equipment in parallel.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic partial structure diagram of another photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown.
As shown in fig. 6, the power supply terminals of each hydrogen plant are connected to the output of the photovoltaic array through a first DC/DC converter. I.e., one first DC/DC converter for each hydrogen plant.
In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the output end of the photovoltaic array is connected to a multi-output DC/DC converter, and the output ends of the multi-output DC/DC converter are respectively connected to one hydrogen production device, that is, a plurality of hydrogen production devices share one multi-output DC/DC converter.
The hydrogen production system in this embodiment includes a plurality of hydrogen production devices connected in parallel to the output of the photovoltaic array. The sum of the rated operating powers of the plurality of hydrogen production devices is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array. The smaller the rated operating power of the hydrogen production equipment is, the smaller the starting power of the hydrogen production equipment is, so that the hydrogen production equipment can be started to work when the output power of the photovoltaic array in the scheme reaches the starting power (a smaller power value) of the hydrogen production equipment. Compared with the traditional hydrogen production equipment which is configured with the maximum output power equal to that of the photovoltaic array, the scheme can reduce the operating power range of the hydrogen production system and greatly improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation.
For example, the rated operation power of an electrolytic cell in a conventional hydrogen production system is 1MW, and the starting power is 10% of the rated power, that is, the starting power is 100kW, that is, the hydrogen production equipment can be started to work when the output power of a photovoltaic array is 100 kW. According to the design mode of the application, two 500kW electrolytic cells are configured, the total rated power is still 1MW, however, the operation power of a single electrolytic cell is reduced to half of the original operation power, and correspondingly, the starting power of the single electrolytic cell is 500kW by 10 percent which is 50kW, so that one electrolytic cell can be started up as long as the output power of the photovoltaic array reaches 50 kW. By adopting the scheme, the power threshold for starting the electrolytic cell can be reduced, so that the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is improved.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments, and the same similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a photovoltaic array, a first DC/DC converter, a hydrogen production system, an energy storage battery, an electrical conversion device and a hydrogen storage and transportation system, wherein the hydrogen production system comprises hydrogen production equipment and hydrogen production auxiliary equipment;
the input end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the output end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with the power supply end of the hydrogen production equipment, and hydrogen output by the hydrogen production equipment is conveyed to the hydrogen storage and transportation system;
the first end of the electrical conversion device is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic array, the second end of the electrical conversion device is connected with the energy storage battery, the third end of the electrical conversion device is connected with the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array or the electric energy output by the energy storage battery is converted by the electrical conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment, and the electric energy output by the photovoltaic array is converted by the electrical conversion device and then is supplied to the energy storage battery.
2. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the electrical conversion device comprises: the second DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the inverter and the direct current bus;
the input end of the second DC/DC converter is the first end of the electric conversion device, and the output end of the second DC/DC converter is connected to the direct current bus;
one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is a second end of the electric conversion device, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the direct current bus;
and the direct-current input end of the inverter is connected to the direct-current bus, and the alternating-current output end of the inverter is the third end of the electric conversion device.
3. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to claim 2, further comprising: a fuel cell;
the fuel cell is connected with the fourth end of the electrical conversion device, so that the electric energy output by the fuel cell is converted by the electrical conversion device and then is supplied to the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment or the energy storage battery;
the electric conversion device further comprises a boost DC/DC converter, the input end of the boost DC/DC converter is the fourth end, and the output end of the boost DC/DC converter is connected to the direct current bus.
4. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: and the power distribution device is connected between the third end of the electrical conversion device and the hydrogen production auxiliary equipment.
5. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen production system comprises at least two hydrogen production devices connected in parallel, and the number of the first DC/DC converters is the same as the number of the hydrogen production devices, each of the first DC/DC converters having one output; the power supply end of each hydrogen production device is connected with the output end of a first DC/DC converter which is different from each other, and the input end of each first DC/DC converter is connected with the photovoltaic array.
6. The system for photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the system for hydrogen production comprises at least two devices for hydrogen production connected in parallel, the first DC/DC converter is a multi-output DC/DC converter, the power terminals of each device for hydrogen production are connected to different output terminals, and the input terminals of the multi-output DC/DC converter are connected to the photovoltaic array.
7. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen storage and transportation system comprises a hydrogen storage facility and a hydrogen delivery device;
the hydrogen storage equipment is connected with the hydrogen production equipment, and hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production equipment is conveyed to the hydrogen storage equipment;
the hydrogen conveying device is connected with the hydrogen storage equipment and conveys the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment out;
the hydrogen conveying device comprises a medium-pressure compressor, and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment is compressed by the medium-pressure compressor and then conveyed to first hydrogen conveying equipment; or the hydrogen conveying device comprises a high-pressure compressor, and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage equipment is compressed by the high-pressure compressor and then conveyed to second hydrogen conveying equipment.
8. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to claim 1, further comprising: a controller;
after monitoring that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is lower than a first electric quantity threshold value, the controller controls the photovoltaic array to charge the energy storage battery through the electrical conversion device until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery reaches a second electric quantity threshold value, wherein the second electric quantity threshold value is larger than the first electric quantity threshold value.
9. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to claim 3, further comprising a controller;
when the controller monitors that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is lower than a third electric quantity threshold value and the photovoltaic array is in a shutdown state, the controller controls the fuel battery to charge the energy storage battery at a first output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the third electric quantity threshold value;
after monitoring that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the third electric quantity threshold value and the photovoltaic array is in a shutdown state, the controller controls the fuel battery to charge the energy storage battery at a second output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than a fourth electric quantity threshold value, the fourth electric quantity threshold value is higher than the third electric quantity threshold value, and the second output power is smaller than the first output power;
after monitoring that the electric quantity of the energy storage battery is higher than the fourth electric quantity threshold value and when the photovoltaic array is in a shutdown state, the controller controls the fuel cell to charge the energy storage battery by using third output power until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery reaches a fifth electric quantity threshold value, wherein the fifth electric quantity threshold value is larger than the fourth electric quantity threshold value, and the third output power is smaller than the second output power.
10. The photovoltaic off-grid hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1-3, 8, and 9, further comprising: a controller;
after the controller receives the hydrogen conveying signal, the hydrogen storage and transportation system is started to convey hydrogen to the hydrogen conveying equipment;
and the controller receives a hydrogen conveying stop signal, or controls the hydrogen storage and transportation system to be closed after monitoring that the hydrogen production system or the hydrogen storage and transportation system is abnormal.
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| CN112226787A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-15 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Control method, device and system for startup and shutdown of hydrogen production system and storage medium |
| CN113540519A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fuel cell standby power supply charging and discharging management system and method |
| CN114032559A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | System and method for producing hydrogen by new energy off-grid |
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| CN115425681A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-02 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system |
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| CN112226787A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-15 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Control method, device and system for startup and shutdown of hydrogen production system and storage medium |
| CN112226787B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-08 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Control method, device and system for startup and shutdown of hydrogen production system and storage medium |
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| WO2023227342A1 (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-30 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Method for pre-magnetizing a medium voltage transformer, control unit, and electrolysis system |
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