CN115425681A - Off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system - Google Patents
Off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/66—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads one of the loads acting as master and the other or others acting as slaves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
The invention provides an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system, which generates power through photovoltaic power generation equipment, part of electric energy generated is stored in a storage battery through the regulation and control of a power supply control module, the rest of the electric energy is supplied to a hydrogen production module to perform hydrogen production, and under the condition of light-hydrogen coupling, the solar energy, the electric energy, the hydrogen energy and the heat energy are effectively converted and utilized, so that the effective absorption of off-grid distributed photovoltaic energy is realized, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of green power prepared from renewable energy is improved, and the reliable power supply of the off-grid photovoltaic coupling system under the condition of no power grid support is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system.
Background
With the continuous development of the scientific level and the technical level of the world, the living and production level of human beings is greatly improved, the demand of human beings on electric power is more and more large, and simultaneously, very serious practical problems, namely insufficient energy and serious environmental pollution, also appear. Therefore, the development and utilization of new renewable energy sources become an important task today. In the development and utilization of new energy, because the solar energy has extremely large radiant quantity, extremely long utilization time, extremely wide distribution and extremely little pollution generated in the utilization process, the development and utilization of the solar energy are unprecedented, and one of the best modes of utilizing the solar energy as clean energy is solar photovoltaic power generation. However, photovoltaic power generation has the characteristics of day and night difference and weather influence, and the continuity and stability of power supply are difficult to guarantee, so that energy storage with a certain capacity is usually configured to operate in a combined manner, and hydrogen energy is used as clean energy which is high in energy density, environment-friendly and easy to store, and is matched with solar energy to operate in a combined manner to form an electric-hydrogen comprehensive energy system.
At present, a renewable energy hydrogen production system built in China mostly adopts a grid-connected centralized hydrogen production scheme as the main reason that a power grid is used as a stable energy support and all main equipment is mature. However, with the continuous expansion of the scale of hydrogen production by renewable energy, compared with a grid-connected hydrogen production mode, the off-grid hydrogen production mode has a plurality of advantages. Under the condition of grid-connected hydrogen production, the electric energy in the system needs to be converted for many times through inversion, boosting and rectification, so that the loss is large, and finally the utilization efficiency of the electric energy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system, aiming at realizing effective consumption of off-grid distributed photovoltaic energy and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of green power prepared from renewable energy.
Therefore, the technical purpose of the invention is to provide an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system, which comprises:
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for generating electric energy based on a photoelectric effect through photovoltaic power generation equipment to supply power;
the hydrogen production module is used for electrolyzing the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to produce hydrogen;
and the power supply control module is connected between the photovoltaic power generation module and the hydrogen production module and used for replacing grid-connected power supply, performing power conversion aiming at different types of power utilization modes in the hydrogen production module and supplying electric energy in corresponding forms to the hydrogen production module.
The hydrogen production module comprises a plurality of electrolytic cells, a hydrogen treatment mechanism and a hydrogen storage mechanism; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the electrolysis baths are subjected to water electrolysis through the electric energy transmitted by the power supply control module and generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to generate hydrogen;
each electrolytic cell is connected with the hydrogen treatment mechanism to dry and purify hydrogen;
the hydrogen storage mechanism is a hydrogen storage tank and is connected with the hydrogen processing mechanism so as to store the dried and purified hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage tank selects pressure and capacity according to the use frequency and time of the hydrogen.
Wherein each electrolytic cell is connected with a main auxiliary power supply device and a standby auxiliary power supply device; the main auxiliary power supply device and the standby auxiliary power supply device are both connected to the auxiliary system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water; and hydrogen generated by hydrogen production of the electrolytic cell is processed by the hydrogen processing mechanism and then stored by a hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen storage mechanism.
Wherein, power supply control module includes:
the first power converter is connected between the electrolytic bath and the photovoltaic power generation module and is used for converting direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module into direct-current voltage for working of the electrolytic bath;
the second power converter is connected between the main auxiliary power supply device and the photovoltaic power generation module and is used for converting direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module into alternating-current voltage for the main auxiliary power supply device to work; wherein the second power converter converts the direct current voltage to an AC three-phase alternating current voltage.
The hydrogen storage tank is connected with a hydrogen fuel cell, and the hydrogen fuel cell converts the voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell into single-phase alternating-current voltage through a third power converter so as to supply power to the standby auxiliary power supply device and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production auxiliary system; meanwhile, the single-phase alternating-current voltage supplies power for fire fighting, water making and lighting of the system.
The first power converter is a DC/DC converter; the second power converter comprises a DC/DC converter and a DC/AC converter which are connected in sequence, and converts the direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module into three-phase alternating-current voltage.
Wherein, a storage battery is arranged; the charging mode of the storage battery comprises the following steps:
charging by direct-current voltages generated by the DC/DC converters of the first and second power converters;
converting, by a fourth power converter, an alternating-current voltage generated by a DC/AC converter of the second power converter into a direct-current voltage for charging; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the fourth power converter is a plurality of DC/AC converters to convert the three-phase AC voltage into a DC voltage and charge the battery.
The adaptive direct-current voltage of the hydrogen production module electrolytic cell is 50-300V, and the direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is converted into the adaptive direct-current voltage of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell through the power supply control module.
Wherein, the hydrogen fuel cell is used for converting hydrogen energy into electric energy and heat energy; the hydrogen fuel vehicle is used to transfer hydrogen gas to a hydrogen refueling station.
The third power converter comprises a DC/DC converter and a DC/AC converter which are connected in sequence; wherein the DC/DC converter is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, and the DC/AC converter converts the direct current voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell into single-phase alternating current voltage.
Different from the prior art, the off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system provided by the invention generates power through the photovoltaic power generation equipment, the generated electric energy is regulated and controlled by the power supply control module, part of electric quantity is stored in the storage battery, the rest is supplied to the hydrogen production module for hydrogen production, and under the condition of light-hydrogen coupling, solar energy, electric energy, hydrogen energy and heat energy are effectively converted and utilized, so that the effective consumption of off-grid distributed photovoltaic energy is realized, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of green power prepared from renewable energy is improved, and the reliable power supply of the off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen coupling system under the condition of no power grid support is realized.
Drawings
The invention and/or additional aspects and advantages will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
At present, most of renewable energy hydrogen production systems built in China are mainly based on a grid-connected centralized hydrogen production scheme, because a power grid is used as a stable energy support and all main equipment is mature. However, with the continuous expansion of the scale of hydrogen production by renewable energy, compared with a grid-connected hydrogen production mode, the off-grid hydrogen production mode has a plurality of advantages. The off-grid hydrogen production can save multiple conversion links, has higher system efficiency, reduces the investment cost of equipment such as voltage rise/reduction, rectification, grid connection and the like, and can reduce about 40 percent in system cost compared with grid connection hydrogen production. In addition, off-grid hydrogen production does not need to be examined and approved by network access, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the scale and the capacity are more flexibly set. Particularly, in certain large power grid uncovered areas, such as remote mountain areas, remote islands, remote highway gas stations, communication base stations, street lamps and the like, the off-grid hydrogen production system can effectively relieve energy shortage in a heat, electricity and gas multi-energy combined supply mode. Based on the method, the off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system is constructed.
Fig. 1 is an off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
the photovoltaic power generation module 110 is used for generating electric energy based on a photoelectric effect through photovoltaic power generation equipment to supply power;
a hydrogen production module 120 for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water using the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module;
and the power supply control module 130 is connected between the photovoltaic power generation module 110 and the hydrogen production module 120, and is used for replacing grid-connected power supply, performing power conversion according to different types of power utilization modes in the hydrogen production module 120, and supplying electric energy in corresponding forms to the hydrogen production module 120.
Wherein, the hydrogen production module 120 comprises a plurality of electrolysis baths 121, a hydrogen treatment mechanism and a hydrogen storage mechanism; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
each of the electrolysis cells 121 electrolyzes water by the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 110 and transmitted by the power supply control module 130 to generate hydrogen;
each of the electrolytic cells 121 is connected to the hydrogen treatment mechanism (not shown) to perform drying and purification of hydrogen;
the hydrogen storage mechanism is a hydrogen storage tank 122 connected to the hydrogen processing mechanism to store the dried and purified hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank 122, and the hydrogen storage tank 122 selects pressure and capacity according to the use frequency and time of the hydrogen.
In particular, the photovoltaic power generation device of the photovoltaic power generation module 110 is composed of a photovoltaic array, which is a direct current power generation unit formed by assembling a plurality of photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic panels together in a certain manner and having a fixed support structure. The direct current generated by the photovoltaic array is transmitted to the power supply control module 130 through the direct current header box, and on one hand, the direct current is converted and output into 50-300V direct current suitable for an electrolytic cell in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; on the other hand, the converted output is used for charging the storage battery to store electric energy, and the stored electric energy can continuously supply power for the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The water electrolysis tank in the system adopts an alkaline electrolysis tank, the alkaline electrolysis tank is the most mature hydrogen production equipment with the most extensive application in the prior art, the alkali liquor generally adopts 20-30% of KOH, the alkali liquor plays a role in enhancing ionization in the hydrogen production process, the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water mainly consumes pure water, and therefore a water tank is required to continuously supplement water to the electrolysis tank. A small amount of oxygen, water vapor and alkali liquor are mixed in the hydrogen generated by the electrolytic cell, and the hydrogen can be stored only after passing through the drying and purifying device.
Wherein, each electrolytic tank 121 is connected with a main auxiliary power supply device 123 and a standby auxiliary power supply device 124; the main auxiliary power supply device 123 and the standby auxiliary power supply device 124 are both connected to the auxiliary system 125 for hydrogen production from electrolyzed water; the hydrogen produced by hydrogen production in the electrolytic cell 121 is processed by the hydrogen processing mechanism and then stored in the hydrogen storage tank 122 of the hydrogen storage mechanism.
Among them, the power supply control module 130 includes:
and the first power converter is connected between the electrolytic cell 121 and the photovoltaic power generation module 110 and is used for converting the direct current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 110 into the direct current voltage for the operation of the electrolytic cell 121.
The second power converter is connected between the main auxiliary power supply device 123 and the photovoltaic power generation module 110, and is used for converting the direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 110 into the alternating-current voltage for the operation of the main auxiliary power supply device 123; wherein the second power converter converts the direct current voltage to an AC three-phase alternating current voltage.
Wherein, the first power converter is a first DC/DC converter 1; the second power converter includes a second DC/DC converter 2 and a first DC/AC converter 3 connected in series, and converts the direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 110 into a three-phase alternating-current voltage.
The hydrogen storage tank 122 is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell 140, and the hydrogen fuel cell 140 converts the voltage thereof into a single-phase alternating-current voltage through a third power converter so as to supply power to the standby auxiliary power supply device 124 and an auxiliary system (not shown) for hydrogen production by water electrolysis; meanwhile, the single-phase alternating-current voltage supplies power for fire protection, water production and illumination of the system.
Wherein the third power converter includes a third DC/DC converter 4 and a second DC/AC converter 5 connected in series; the third DC/DC converter 4 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell, and the second DC/AC converter 5 converts the direct-current voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell 140 into a single-phase alternating-current voltage.
In the present invention, the charging method of the battery 150 includes:
charging by direct-current voltages generated by first and second DC/DC converters 1 and 2 of the first and second power converters;
converting the alternating-current voltage generated by the second DC/AC converter 5 of the second power converter into direct-current voltage for charging by the fourth power converter; among them, the fourth power converter is a plurality of DC/AC converters 6 to convert three-phase AC voltage into DC voltage and charge the battery 150.
The adaptive direct-current voltage of the hydrogen production module electrolytic tank is 50-300V, and the direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is converted into the adaptive direct-current voltage of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank through the power supply control module.
Wherein, the hydrogen fuel cell is used for converting hydrogen energy into electric energy and heat energy; the hydrogen fuel vehicle is used for transferring hydrogen to a hydrogen refueling station.
The storage battery 150 controls the photovoltaic power generation power with 20-100% of power fluctuation to be within the working range of the electrolytic cell of 40-100%; in addition, photovoltaic electric energy with low power (less than 40%) operation is stored, and energy migration is realized. The storage battery is an energy storage system consisting of lithium batteries or an energy storage system consisting of lead-acid storage batteries connected in parallel.
In the invention, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment is direct current, and the direct current-direct current converter 1 supplies power to the electrolytic cell 121, the electrolytic cell 121 adopts an alkaline water electrolytic cell with mature technology, the working power supply of the alkaline water electrolytic cell is usually low voltage and large current, the first DC-DC converter 1, the second DC-DC converter 3 and the third DC-DC converter 5 adopt IGBT power converters, and the IGBT power converters can not only improve the current capacity of the power supply, but also reduce the current harmonic wave.
The adaptive direct current voltage of the hydrogen production module electrolytic cell 121 is 50-300V, and the direct current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 110 is converted into the adaptive direct current voltage of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell 121 through the power supply control module 130. The photovoltaic power generation equipment comprises a photovoltaic direct current conversion module, and direct current generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment is converted into direct current adaptive to the electrolytic bath through a power conversion module.
Because the photovoltaic power generation equipment is influenced by irradiation and temperature and day and night difference, in order to balance photovoltaic power and required power of load, a certain amount of storage battery 150 needs to be configured in a driving system of an alkaline electrolytic cell, the storage battery 150 mainly plays a role in stabilizing photovoltaic fluctuation, and low-power photovoltaic electric energy is stored to realize energy transfer.
Under the off-grid condition, stable power supply of a large power grid is lacked, and a reliable uninterrupted power supply system needs to be configured to ensure power supply of an auxiliary system. The auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water arranged in the invention generally comprises an alkali liquor circulating pump, a water replenishing pump, a control unit and the like, the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water uses alternating current, the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water adopts a power supply mode of a photovoltaic energy-adding and storing unit, the energy-storing unit generally selects a storage battery as an energy-storing carrier, but the using amount of the energy-storing storage battery directly influences the economy of the system, and hydrogen energy is the energy-storing unit, so that the auxiliary system is designed by considering the power supply mode of the hydrogen-adding fuel battery to provide an auxiliary power supply for the system.
Specifically, when the power supply control module 130 performs power supply control, the control process is as follows:
after the photovoltaic power generation equipment is started, if electric energy is generated, the electric energy is distributed according to the current load and the state of the storage battery 150. If the photovoltaic output is greater than the load requirement, the residual electric energy charges the storage battery 150, and the storage battery is supplied to the hydrogen production module 120 after being fully charged, and hydrogen production and storage are performed; if the battery 150 is fully charged, no charging is required and the remaining electrical energy is directly supplied to the hydrogen production module 120. And when the photovoltaic output is smaller than the load requirement, starting the storage battery 150 to jointly supply power to the load, and if the electric energy of the storage battery 150 is insufficient or the power of the storage battery 150 cannot meet the load, starting the hydrogen fuel cell 140 to jointly supply power. When the hydrogen fuel cell 140 and the electrolyzer 121 are operated, the heat energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 140 is supplied to a thermal load if the load is demanded, and the generated heat energy is stored by the phase-change heat storage device if the load is not demanded and is released if the load is demanded. When the hydrogen fuel cell 140 is not started at a certain moment and the system has a heat load demand, if the load demand is smaller, the electric heating device is started; if a greater demand is required, the hydrogen fuel cell 140 can be started to supply heat jointly, and excess electric energy can be generated to charge the battery. In addition, hydrogen is generated by electrolyzing water to produce abundant hydrogen, and the hydrogen can be sent to a hydrogenation station to carry out hydrogenation service on the hydrogen fuel vehicle.
The hydrogen fuel cell 140 is used for converting hydrogen energy into electric energy and heat energy, the hydrogen fuel cell 124 is used for converting the hydrogen energy into the electric energy and the heat energy, continuous power supply and hot water supply are provided for users, the hydrogen generating efficiency is generally not more than 50%, the waste heat and the hot water can be recycled, and the total efficiency can reach more than 80%.
In other embodiments of the present invention, after the photovoltaic power plant is started, if there is power generation, the distribution is based on the current load and the state of the battery 150. If the photovoltaic output is greater than the load requirement, the residual electric energy charges the storage battery 150, and the storage battery is supplied to the hydrogen production module 120 after being fully charged, and hydrogen production and storage are performed; if the battery 150 is fully charged, no charging is required and the remaining electrical energy is directly supplied to the hydrogen production module 120.
And when the photovoltaic output is considered to be smaller than the load requirement, the storage battery 150 is started to jointly supply power to the load, and if the electric energy of the storage battery 150 is insufficient or the power of the storage battery 150 cannot meet the load, the hydrogen fuel cell 124 is started to jointly supply power. When the hydrogen fuel cell 124 and the electrolyzer 121 are operated, if there is a demand for a thermal load in the system, the thermal energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 124 is supplied to the load, and if there is no demand for a load, the generated thermal energy is stored by the phase-change heat storage device and is released when there is a demand. When the hydrogen fuel cell 124 is not started at a certain time and the system has a heat load demand, if the load demand is smaller, the electric heating device is started; if a greater demand is available, the hydrogen fuel cell 124 can be started to supply heat in combination, and excess electric energy can be generated to charge the battery 150.
As shown in fig. 2, the power supply method of the off-grid optical hydrogen coupling system of the invention is as follows:
the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment is direct current, the direct current is supplied to the electrolytic cell 121 after passing through the first DC/DC converter 1, the electrolytic cell 121 adopts an alkaline water electrolytic cell with mature technology, the working power supply of the alkaline water electrolytic cell is usually low voltage (less than 100V) and large current (more than 200A), the first DC/DC converter 1 adopts an IGBT power converter, and the IGBT power converter not only can improve the current capacity of the power supply, but also can reduce current harmonics.
The auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water generally comprises an alkali liquor circulating pump, a water replenishing pump, a control unit and the like, alternating current is used by the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water adopts a power supply mode of a photovoltaic energy storage unit, the energy storage unit generally selects a storage battery 150 as an energy storage carrier, but the using amount of the energy storage battery 150 directly influences the economical efficiency of the system, and hydrogen energy is an energy storage unit, so that the auxiliary system is provided with an auxiliary power supply for the system by considering the power supply mode of an additional hydrogen fuel cell during power supply design.
In the water electrolysis hydrogen production module 120, except that the electrolytic tank 121 needs direct current, an alkali liquor circulating pump, a water replenishing pump, a control unit and the like of the water electrolysis hydrogen production auxiliary system all use alternating current, and the voltage grades comprise three-phase 380V and single-phase 220V. The electricity utilization law of the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water is different from that of the electrolytic tank 121, the electrolytic tank 121 can be in a shutdown state and an operation state according to the existence of photovoltaic, some parts in the auxiliary system for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, such as a circulating pump, a water replenishing pump and the like, operate along with the operation of the electrolytic tank 121, and some parts need to operate uninterruptedly for a long time in order to ensure the safety of the system, such as a control system. Main energy utilization equipment of the auxiliary system of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the market comprises a purification system, a control and fire-fighting system, an air compressor and a water production system. A three-phase alternating current bus 7 is established by 3 single-phase off-grid energy storage inverter DC-AC converters, and three-phase four-wire system alternating current power supply can be realized. The photovoltaic power generation equipment is connected to a three-phase alternating current bus 7 through a second DC-DC converter 3 and serves as a main source of auxiliary system power supply, and the charging direction is automatically adjusted according to the power of photovoltaic power generation and load power utilization. The output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell 140 is low, generally not exceeding 100V, and the generated electric energy needs to be boosted by the third DC/DC converter 4 as a direct current converter and inverted by the second DC/AC converter 5 as an inverter to be connected to the single-phase alternating current bus 8.
The whole system realizes long-term off-grid continuous operation, and can ensure continuous operation of key components under extreme conditions. The power supply system provides single-phase alternating current and three-phase alternating current, and an off-grid power supply system is required to be provided with a three-phase four-wire system alternating current converter. The auxiliary system and the water electrolysis system are both required to be provided with energy storage units with certain capacity, the energy storage units select storage batteries and hydrogen energy, and the using amount of the storage batteries can directly influence the economy of the system, so that the selection of proper storage battery number and capacity is one of key factors for improving the economy of the system.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, a schematic representation of the terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the described embodiments, various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps carried by the method implementing the embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
The mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupling power supply system is characterized by comprising:
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for generating electric energy based on a photoelectric effect through photovoltaic power generation equipment to supply power;
the hydrogen production module is used for electrolyzing the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to produce hydrogen;
and the power supply control module is connected between the photovoltaic power generation module and the hydrogen production module and used for replacing grid-connected power supply, performing power conversion aiming at different types of power utilization modes in the hydrogen production module and supplying electric energy in corresponding forms to the hydrogen production module.
2. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production module comprises a plurality of electrolysis cells, a hydrogen treatment mechanism and a hydrogen storage mechanism; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
each electrolytic cell is subjected to water electrolysis through the electric energy transmitted by the power supply control module and generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to generate hydrogen;
each electrolytic cell is connected with the hydrogen treatment mechanism to dry and purify hydrogen;
the hydrogen storage mechanism is a hydrogen storage tank and is connected with the hydrogen processing mechanism so as to store the dried and purified hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage tank selects pressure and capacity according to the use frequency and time of the hydrogen.
3. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 2, wherein each electrolyzer is connected with a main auxiliary power supply device and a standby auxiliary power supply device; the main auxiliary power supply device and the standby auxiliary power supply device are both connected to the auxiliary system for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water; and hydrogen generated by hydrogen production of the electrolytic cell is processed by the hydrogen processing mechanism and then stored by a hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen storage mechanism.
4. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the power supply control module comprises:
the first power converter is connected between the electrolytic cell and the photovoltaic power generation module and used for converting direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module into direct-current voltage for working of the electrolytic cell;
the second power converter is connected between the main auxiliary power supply device and the photovoltaic power generation module and is used for converting direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module into alternating-current voltage for the main auxiliary power supply device to work; wherein the second power converter converts the direct current voltage to an AC three-phase alternating current voltage.
5. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen storage tank is connected with a hydrogen fuel cell, and the hydrogen fuel cell converts the voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell into a single-phase alternating current voltage through a third power converter so as to supply power to the standby auxiliary power supply device and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production auxiliary system; meanwhile, the single-phase alternating-current voltage supplies power for fire fighting, water making and lighting of the system.
6. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the first power converter is a DC/DC converter; the second power converter comprises a DC/DC converter and a DC/AC converter which are connected in sequence, and converts the direct-current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module into three-phase alternating-current voltage.
7. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 6, wherein a storage battery is arranged; the charging mode of the storage battery comprises the following steps:
charging by direct-current voltages generated by the DC/DC converters of the first and second power converters;
converting, by a fourth power converter, an alternating-current voltage generated by a DC/AC converter of the second power converter into a direct-current voltage for charging; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the fourth power converter is a plurality of DC/AC converters to convert the three-phase AC voltage into a DC voltage and charge the battery.
8. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the adapted direct current voltage of the hydrogen production module electrolyzer is 50-300V, and the direct current voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is converted into the adapted direct current voltage of the hydrogen production electrolyzer by the power supply control module.
9. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell is used for converting hydrogen energy into electric energy and heat energy; the hydrogen fuel vehicle is used to transfer hydrogen gas to a hydrogen refueling station.
10. The off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production coupled power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the third power converter comprises a DC/DC converter and a DC/AC converter connected in series; wherein the DC/DC converter is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, and the DC/AC converter converts the direct current voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell into single-phase alternating current voltage.
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