CN211318750U - Laser radar system for measuring aerosol and water vapor - Google Patents
Laser radar system for measuring aerosol and water vapor Download PDFInfo
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- CN211318750U CN211318750U CN201922053814.2U CN201922053814U CN211318750U CN 211318750 U CN211318750 U CN 211318750U CN 201922053814 U CN201922053814 U CN 201922053814U CN 211318750 U CN211318750 U CN 211318750U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the radar, in particular to measure laser radar system of aerosol and steam. The radar system includes: the system comprises a telescope, a photomultiplier tube group, a light splitting component, a data acquisition processor, an industrial control computer, a laser and a transmitting component; the industrial control computer is in signal connection with the laser, and the transmitting end of the laser is connected with the transmitting assembly; the industrial control computer is in signal connection with the data acquisition processor; the data acquisition processor is characterized in that the acquisition end of the data acquisition processor is connected with each output end of the light splitting assembly through the photomultiplier tube group, and the light splitting assembly is communicated with the telescope. The utility model discloses a radar system is through the echo signal of gathering multiple wavelength, and the relation between the aerosol of different particle sizes of analysis is researched formation mechanism, the source of different grade type aerosol, knows the physical properties of atmospheric aerosol better.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the radar, in particular to measure laser radar system of aerosol and steam.
Background
The atmospheric aerosol has complex components, monitors the dynamic change process of the aerosol, analyzes the long-term change rule of the aerosol, and has very important significance for earth atmospheric pollutant monitoring, disaster weather early warning and the like; the characteristics of the water vapor content, the vertical distribution and the like play an important role in atmospheric research processes such as atmospheric dynamics, meteorology, global hydrologic cycle, atmospheric chemistry and the like. Therefore, the method has guiding significance for ecological protection and atmospheric change monitoring by researching water vapor and aerosol in the atmosphere and obtaining atmospheric environmental parameters.
The laser radar plays an indispensable role in the field of atmospheric detection due to the advantages of wide range, high spatial resolution, good real-time performance and the like.
The existing laser radar system for monitoring the atmospheric aerosol and the water vapor has single measurement data, cannot provide more comprehensive physical quantity parameters of the atmospheric aerosol or the water vapor, causes poor measurement effect, and cannot meet the research and prediction requirements.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above problem, the utility model provides a measure laser radar system of aerosol and steam, radar system includes:
the system comprises a telescope, a photomultiplier tube group, a light splitting component, a data acquisition processor, an industrial control computer, a laser and a transmitting component;
the industrial control computer is in signal connection with the laser, and the transmitting end of the laser is connected with the transmitting assembly; the industrial control computer is in signal connection with the data acquisition processor; the data acquisition processor is characterized in that the acquisition end of the data acquisition processor is connected with each output end of the light splitting assembly through the photomultiplier tube group, and the light splitting assembly is communicated with the telescope.
Further, the emission assembly comprises an emission tube, a beam expander and a high reflector set;
the beam expander and the high reflector set are both arranged in the transmitting pipe fitting;
one end of the transmitting pipe fitting is connected with the output end of the laser, light beams transmitted by the laser enter the transmitting pipe fitting, and the light beams are reflected out of the transmitting pipe fitting by the high reflector group after passing through the beam expander.
Further, the light splitting assembly comprises a first pipe fitting, a second pipe fitting, a third pipe fitting, a fourth pipe fitting, a fifth pipe fitting and a sixth pipe fitting;
the second pipe fitting is perpendicular to and communicated with the first pipe fitting; the third pipe fitting is perpendicular to and communicated with the first pipe fitting; the fourth pipe fitting and the third pipe fitting are perpendicular to each other and are communicated; the fifth pipe fitting and the second pipe fitting are perpendicular to each other and are communicated; the sixth pipe fitting is perpendicular to and communicated with the fifth pipe fitting.
Furthermore, an iris diaphragm, a collimating convex lens, a first spectroscope, a second spectroscope, a first optical filter and a first convex lens are sequentially arranged in the first pipe fitting, and the central axes of the iris diaphragm, the collimating convex lens, the first spectroscope, the second spectroscope, the first optical filter and the first convex lens are overlapped;
the iris diaphragm is arranged at a position close to the input end of the first pipe fitting, and the first spectroscope is arranged at the joint of the first pipe fitting and the second pipe fitting; the second spectroscope is arranged at the joint of the first pipe fitting and the third pipe fitting; the first convex lens is arranged at a position close to the output end of the first pipe fitting.
Furthermore, a third light splitter, a second light filter and a second convex lens are sequentially arranged in the second pipe fitting, and the central axes of the third light splitter, the second light filter and the second convex lens are superposed;
the third spectroscope is arranged at the joint of the second pipe fitting and the fifth pipe fitting; the second convex lens is arranged at a position close to the output end of the second pipe fitting.
Furthermore, a polarizer, a third optical filter and a third convex lens are sequentially arranged in the third pipe, and the central axes of the polarizer, the third optical filter and the third convex lens are overlapped;
the polarizer is arranged at the joint of the third pipe and the fourth pipe; the third convex lens is arranged at a position close to the output end of the third pipe fitting.
Furthermore, a fourth optical filter and a fourth convex lens are sequentially arranged in the fourth pipe, and the central axes of the fourth optical filter and the fourth convex lens are overlapped;
the fourth convex lens is arranged at a position close to the output end of the fourth pipe fitting.
Furthermore, a fourth spectroscope, a fifth optical filter and a fifth convex lens are sequentially arranged in the fifth pipe fitting, and the central axes of the fourth spectroscope, the fifth optical filter and the fifth convex lens are superposed;
the fourth spectroscope is arranged at the joint of the fifth pipe fitting and the sixth pipe fitting; the fifth convex lens is arranged at a position close to the output end of the fifth pipe fitting.
Furthermore, a sixth optical filter and a sixth convex lens are sequentially arranged in the sixth pipe, and the central axes of the sixth optical filter and the sixth convex lens are overlapped;
the sixth convex lens is arranged at a position close to the output end of the sixth pipe fitting.
Further, the photomultiplier tube group comprises a first photomultiplier tube, a second photomultiplier tube, a third photomultiplier tube, a fourth photomultiplier tube, a fifth photomultiplier tube and a sixth photomultiplier tube;
the first photomultiplier is arranged at the output end of the first pipe fitting; the second photomultiplier is arranged at the output end of the second pipe fitting; the third photomultiplier is arranged at the output end of the third pipe; the fourth photomultiplier is arranged at the output end of the fourth pipe; the fifth photomultiplier is arranged at the output end of the fifth pipe; the sixth photomultiplier is arranged at the output end of the sixth pipe;
the bandwidths of the first optical filter in the first pipe, the fifth optical filter in the fifth pipe and the sixth optical filter in the sixth pipe are all less than 10 nm;
the second optical filter in the second pipe fitting is a 1nm narrow-wide optical filter;
the third optical filter in the third pipe fitting is a 0.3nm narrow-wide optical filter;
a fourth optical filter in the fourth pipe fitting is a 0.3nm narrow-wide optical filter;
the first photomultiplier is an avalanche diode.
The utility model discloses a radar system is through the echo signal of gathering multiple wavelength, and the relation between the aerosol of different particle sizes of analysis is researched formation mechanism, the source of different grade type aerosol, knows the physical properties of atmospheric aerosol better.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laser radar system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of a lidar system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a launch assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 telescope, 11 mirror body, 12 concave mirror, 13 convex mirror, 2 photomultiplier group, 21 first photomultiplier, 22 second photomultiplier, 23 third photomultiplier, 24 fourth photomultiplier, 25 fifth photomultiplier, 26 sixth photomultiplier, 3 beam splitter, 31 first tube, 311 iris, 312 collimating convex lens, 313 first spectroscope, 314 second spectroscope, 315 first optical filter, 316 first convex lens, 32 second tube, 321 third spectroscope, 322 second optical filter, 323 second convex lens, 33 third tube, 331 polarizer, 332 third optical filter, 333 third convex lens, 34 fourth tube, 341 fourth optical filter, 342 fourth convex lens, 35 fifth tube, 351 fourth optical filter, 352 fifth convex lens, 353 fifth convex lens, 36 sixth tube, sixth optical filter, 362 sixth convex lens, 4 data collection processor, 5 industrial control computers, 6 lasers, 7 transmitting assemblies, 71 transmitting pipe fittings, 711 beam expanders, 712 first high-reflection mirrors, 713 second high-reflection mirrors and 714 third high-reflection mirrors.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a measure laser radar system of aerosol and steam, radar system includes telescope 1, photomultiplier nest of tubes 2, beam split subassembly 3, data acquisition processor 4, industrial control computer 5, laser instrument 6 and transmission subassembly 7.
The industrial control computer 5 is in signal connection with the laser 6, and the transmitting end of the laser 6 is connected with the transmitting component 7. The laser 6 is operable by the industrial control computer 5 to emit a plurality of sets of beams of different pulse wavelengths which are directed to the atmosphere by the emitter assembly 7.
The industrial control computer 5 is in signal connection with the data acquisition processor 4, the acquisition end of the data acquisition processor 4 is connected with the output ends of the light splitting component 3 through the photomultiplier tube group 2, and the input end of the light splitting component 3 is connected with the telescope 1. Light beams entering the atmosphere are irradiated, the light beams and particles in the atmosphere generate meter scattering, the light beams and water vapor molecules and nitrogen molecules generate a Raman frequency shift effect, and backward scattering echo signals after various physical processes are received by the telescope 1; the echo signals enter the light splitting component 3 through the telescope 1, and the echo signals in the light splitting component 3 are subjected to light splitting and filtering for multiple times to form multiple groups of echo signals with single wavelength; the echo signals with the single wavelength are respectively received by the photomultiplier tube group 2 at the output end of the light splitting component 3, the photomultiplier tube group 2 transmits the received echo signals to the data acquisition processor 4, the data acquisition processor 4 acquires and analyzes the echo signals to obtain corresponding acquired data, the acquired data are sent to the industrial control computer 5 to be stored, and analysis software in the industrial control computer 5 analyzes and displays the acquired data.
Specifically, the laser 6 may be a Nd: YAG solid-state laser for emitting light beams having wavelengths of 355nm, 532nm and 1064 nm.
The photomultiplier tube group 2 comprises a plurality of photomultiplier tubes for receiving echo signals output by the output ends of the light splitting component 3.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 2, the industrial control computer 5 controls the laser 6 to emit beams of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm wavelengths into the atmosphere through the emitting tube 71 of the emitting assembly 7.
The light beam and particles in the atmosphere generate meter scattering to form an original echo signal. The original echo signals include, but are not limited to, wave signals of one or more wavelengths of 355nm, 386nm, 407nm, 532nm, and 1064 nm. Wherein, the echo signals with 386nm and 407nm pulse wavelength are composed of light beam with 355nm pulse wavelength and H2O、N2The vibrational raman effect of the molecule.
The original echo signal enters a mirror body 11 of the telescope 1, is reflected by a concave mirror 12 in the mirror body 11 and is reflected by a convex mirror 13; the focused echo signal passes through the through hole at the center of the concave mirror 12 and enters the light splitting assembly 3.
The light splitting assembly 3 includes a first pipe 31, a second pipe 32, a third pipe 33, a fourth pipe 34, a fifth pipe 35, and a sixth pipe 36. The second pipe 32 is perpendicular to and communicated with the first pipe 31; the third pipe 33 is perpendicular to and communicated with the first pipe 31; the fourth pipe 34 and the third pipe 33 are perpendicular to each other and are communicated with each other; the fifth pipe 35 and the second pipe 32 are perpendicular to each other and are communicated with each other; the sixth pipe 36 and the fifth pipe 35 are perpendicular to each other and communicate with each other.
The original echo signal first enters the first pipe 31, and in the first pipe 31, the original echo signal is divided into three echo signals, namely a first echo signal, a second echo signal and a third echo signal. Wherein the first echo signal only passes through the first pipe 31; the second echo signal is reflected into the second tubular 32; the third echo signal is reflected into the third tube 33.
The third echo signal is divided into two paths in the third pipe 33, which are respectively a third echo signal and a fourth echo signal. Wherein the third echo signal passes only through the third tube 33; the fourth echo signal passes only through the fourth tubing 34.
The second echo signal is divided into two paths in the second pipe 32, which are the second echo signal and the fifth echo signal respectively. Wherein the second echo signal passes only through the second tube 32; the fifth echo signal is reflected into the fifth tube 35.
The fifth echo signal is divided into two paths in the fifth pipe 35, and the two paths are respectively a fifth echo signal and a sixth echo signal. Wherein the fifth echo signal only passes through the fifth pipe 35; the sixth echo signal passes only through the sixth tube 36.
Further, the photomultiplier tube group 2 includes a first photomultiplier tube 21, a second photomultiplier tube 22, a third photomultiplier tube 23, a fourth photomultiplier tube 24, a fifth photomultiplier tube 25, and a sixth photomultiplier tube 26. The first photomultiplier tube 21 is disposed at the output end of the first tube 31; the second photomultiplier tube 22 is disposed at the output end of the second tube 32; the third photomultiplier 23 is arranged at the output end of the third tube 33; the fourth photomultiplier tube 24 is disposed at the output end of the fourth tube 34; the fifth photomultiplier tube 25 is disposed at the output end of the fifth tube 35; the sixth photomultiplier tube 26 is disposed at the output end of the sixth tube 36. The first photomultiplier 21, the second photomultiplier 22, the third photomultiplier 23, the fourth photomultiplier 24, the fifth photomultiplier 25, and the sixth photomultiplier 26 respectively receive a first echo signal, a second echo signal, a third echo signal, a fourth echo signal, a fifth echo signal, and a sixth echo signal.
The photomultiplier tube group 2 sends each group of echo signals to the data acquisition processor 4, the data acquisition processor 4 acquires and analyzes each group of echo signals to obtain corresponding acquired data, the acquired data are sent to the industrial personal computer 5 to be stored, and analysis software in the industrial personal computer 5 analyzes and displays the acquired data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the photomultiplier tubes included in the photomultiplier tube group 2 and the structure of the light splitting assembly 3 are only exemplary, and the specific number and/or structure can be adjusted according to actual needs.
The light beam is expanded and reflected in the transmitting pipe 71 of the transmitting assembly 7. Specifically, for example, as shown in fig. 3, a beam expander 711 and a high-reflection mirror group are disposed in the emission assembly 7; the beam expander 711 may employ, but is not limited to, a tenfold beam expander; the high mirror group includes, but is not limited to, a first high mirror 712, a second high mirror 713, and a third high mirror 714; the launching pipe fitting 71 is an L-shaped pipe, and the bending position of the pipe fitting is 90 degrees; the first high reflecting mirror 712, the second high reflecting mirror 713 and the third high reflecting mirror 714 are sequentially arranged at the bent part of the pipe.
The emitting end of the laser 6 is connected with one end of the emitting pipe fitting 71; the laser 6 emits three sets of light beams having wavelengths of, but not limited to, 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm, respectively.
The three groups of light beams pass through the beam expander 711, after the diameter of the light beams is expanded by the beam expander 711, the three groups of light beams respectively irradiate on the three groups of high-reflection mirrors and are respectively reflected by the three groups of high-reflection mirrors, and the three groups of light beams enter the atmosphere through the other end of the transmitting pipe 71.
The original echo signal is processed by light splitting, filtering and the like in the light splitting component 3. Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 4, an iris diaphragm 311, a collimating convex lens 312, a first beam splitter 313, a second beam splitter 314, a first optical filter 315 and a first convex lens 316 are sequentially disposed in the first pipe 31; the second pipe 32 is sequentially provided with a third light splitter 321, a second light filter 322 and a second convex lens 323; the third tube 33 is sequentially provided with a polarizer 331, a third filter 332 and a third convex lens 333; a fourth optical filter 341 and a fourth convex lens 342 are sequentially arranged in the fourth pipe 34; a fourth spectroscope 351, a fifth optical filter 352 and a fifth convex lens 353 are sequentially arranged in the fifth pipe 35; a sixth filter 361 and a sixth convex lens 362 are sequentially disposed in the sixth tube 36.
The raw echo signals enter the first tube 31 through the telescope 1, and then the raw echo signals comprise beams with wavelengths of 355nm, 386nm, 407nm, 532nm and 1064 nm. At this time, the original echo signal passes through the iris diaphragm 311 to become a divergent beam; the original echo signal passes through a collimating convex lens 312 to become a parallel light beam; the first original echo signal irradiates on the first beam splitter 313 and is divided into two paths by the first beam splitter 313, wherein one path is a first echo signal, and the other path is a second echo signal; at this time, the wavelengths of the first echo signals include 532nm and 1064nm, and the wavelengths of the second echo signals mainly include 355nm, 386nm, and 407 nm.
The second echo signal is reflected by the first beam splitter 313 into the second tube 32; the second echo signal irradiates the third beam splitter 321 and is divided into two paths, one path is the second echo signal, and the other path is the fifth echo signal; at this time, the wavelength of the second echo signal is 355nm, and the wavelength of the fifth echo signal includes 386nm and 407 nm.
The second echo signal passes through a second optical filter 322, and the second optical filter 322 adopts a 1nm narrow-band optical filter; the second echo signal is condensed by the second convex lens 323 and then collected to the second photomultiplier tube 22. The second photomultiplier tube 22 receives an echo signal having a wavelength of 355 nm.
The fifth echo signal is reflected by the third beam splitter 321 into the fifth pipe 35; the fifth echo signal irradiates on the fourth spectroscope 351 and is divided into two paths, wherein one path is the fifth echo signal, and the other path is the sixth echo signal; in this case, the wavelength of the fifth echo signal is 407nm, and the wavelength of the sixth echo signal is 386 nm.
The fifth echo signal passes through a fifth filter 352 and a fifth convex lens 353, and the condensed fifth echo signal is received by a fifth photomultiplier 25. The fifth photomultiplier 25 receives an echo signal having a wavelength of 407 nm.
The sixth echo signal passes through a sixth filter 361 and a sixth convex lens 362, and the condensed sixth echo signal is received by the sixth photomultiplier 26. The sixth photomultiplier tube 26 receives an echo signal having a wavelength of 386 nm.
The first echo signal irradiates the second beam splitter 314 and is divided into two paths, one path is a first echo signal, and the other path is a third echo signal; in this case, the wavelength of the first echo signal is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the third echo signal is 532 nm.
The first echo signal passes through the first filter 315 and the first convex lens 316, and the condensed first echo signal is received by the first photomultiplier tube 21. Specifically, the first photomultiplier tube 21 is an Avalanche Photo Diode (APD). The first photomultiplier tube 21 receives an echo signal having a wavelength of 1064 nm. Specifically, the bandwidths of the first filter 315, the fifth filter 352, and the sixth filter 361 are all less than 10 nm.
The third echo signal is reflected by the second beam splitter 314 into the third tube 33; the third echo signal irradiates on the polarizer 331 and is divided into two paths, one path is the third echo signal, and the other path is the fourth echo signal; at this time, the wavelengths of the third echo signal and the fourth echo signal are both 532nm, the third echo signal is 532P, and the fourth echo signal is 532S; the third echo signal and the fourth echo signal are respectively P polarized light and S polarized light of 532nm wavelength echo signals.
The third echo signal passes through the third filter 332 and the third convex lens 333, and the condensed third echo signal is received by the third photomultiplier tube 23. The third photomultiplier 23 receives an echo signal having a wavelength of 532 nm.
The fourth echo signal is reflected by the polarizer 331 into the fourth tube 34; the fourth echo signal passes through the fourth filter 341 and the fourth convex lens 342, and the condensed fourth echo signal is received by the fourth photomultiplier 24. The fourth photomultiplier 24 receives an echo signal having a wavelength of 532 nm. Specifically, the third filter 332 and the fourth filter 341 are 0.3nm narrow-width filters.
By collecting echo signals with various wavelengths, the relationship between aerosols with different particle sizes is analyzed, the formation mechanism and the source of different types of aerosols are researched, and the physical properties of the atmospheric aerosols are better understood.
The photomultiplier tube group 2 sends each group of received echo signals to the data acquisition processor 4, the data acquisition processor 4 samples and accumulates each group of echo signals and sends processed data to the industrial personal computer 5, the industrial personal computer 5 stores the processed data, and analysis software in the industrial personal computer 5 analyzes and displays the processed data.
The laser radar transmits a beam of laser pulse to the atmosphere, and on a propagation path, the laser pulse is scattered and absorbed by atmospheric aerosol particles and water vapor, and the extinction coefficient of the atmospheric aerosol particles with corresponding height (distance) is inverted. And simultaneously detecting echo signals of parallel components and vertical components in the backscattered light by using a laser radar, so that the depolarization ratio vertical profile of the atmospheric aerosol particles and the water vapor can be obtained. Specifically, the laser pulse and the atmospheric molecules generate Raman effect to detect H in the atmosphere2O、N2Vibrational raman scattering echo signals of the molecules. After the atmospheric decay term is eliminated, a water vapor concentration vertical profile can be obtained.
The utility model provides a laser radar system simple structure, it is integrated integrative, easily transportation. The spatial-temporal distribution profile of the water vapor and the aerosol in the atmospheric boundary layer of a specific place can be obtained, the relation between the water vapor and the aerosol is statistically analyzed, and the method has a good application prospect in the field of atmospheric pollution control.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (10)
1. A lidar system for measuring aerosol and moisture, the radar system comprising:
the system comprises a telescope (1), a photomultiplier tube group (2), a light splitting component (3), a data acquisition processor (4), an industrial control computer (5), a laser (6) and a transmitting component (7);
the industrial control computer (5) is in signal connection with the laser (6), and the transmitting end of the laser (6) is connected with the transmitting component (7); the industrial control computer (5) is in signal connection with the data acquisition processor (4); the data acquisition processor (4) is connected with the output ends of the light splitting component (3) through the photomultiplier tube group (2), and the light splitting component (3) is communicated with the telescope (1).
2. Radar system according to claim 1,
the emission assembly (7) comprises an emission tube (71), a beam expander (711) and a high-reflector set;
the beam expander (711) and the high mirror group are both arranged in the transmitting tube (71);
one end of the transmitting pipe fitting (71) is connected with the output end of the laser (6), light beams emitted by the laser (6) enter the transmitting pipe fitting (71), and the light beams are reflected out of the transmitting pipe fitting (71) by the high reflecting mirror group after passing through the beam expander (711).
3. Radar system according to claim 1,
the light splitting assembly (3) comprises a first pipe (31), a second pipe (32), a third pipe (33), a fourth pipe (34), a fifth pipe (35) and a sixth pipe (36);
the second pipe fitting (32) is perpendicular to and communicated with the first pipe fitting (31); the third pipe (33) is perpendicular to and communicated with the first pipe (31); the fourth pipe (34) and the third pipe (33) are perpendicular to each other and are communicated with each other; the fifth pipe fitting (35) is perpendicular to and communicated with the second pipe fitting (32); the sixth pipe fitting (36) and the fifth pipe fitting (35) are perpendicular to each other and are communicated with each other.
4. Radar system according to claim 3,
an iris diaphragm (311), a collimating convex lens (312), a first light splitter (313), a second light splitter (314), a first light filter (315) and a first convex lens (316) are sequentially arranged in the first pipe fitting (31), and the central axes of the iris diaphragm (311), the collimating convex lens (312), the first light splitter (313), the second light splitter (314), the first light filter (315) and the first convex lens (316) are overlapped;
the iris diaphragm (311) is arranged at a position close to the input end of the first pipe member (31), and the first spectroscope (313) is arranged at the joint of the first pipe member (31) and the second pipe member (32); the second spectroscope (314) is arranged at the joint of the first pipe (31) and the third pipe (33); the first convex lens (316) is arranged at a position close to the output end of the first pipe member (31).
5. Radar system according to claim 3,
a third light splitter (321), a second light filter (322) and a second convex lens (323) are sequentially arranged in the second pipe (32), and the central axes of the third light splitter (321), the second light filter (322) and the second convex lens (323) are overlapped;
the third spectroscope (321) is arranged at the joint of the second pipe (32) and the fifth pipe (35); the second convex lens (323) is arranged at a position close to the output end of the second pipe member (32).
6. Radar system according to claim 3,
the third pipe (33) is internally provided with a polarizer (331), a third optical filter (332) and a third convex lens (333) in sequence, and the central axes of the polarizer (331), the third optical filter (332) and the third convex lens (333) are superposed;
the polarizer (331) is disposed at a junction of the third and fourth pipe members (33, 34); the third convex lens (333) is arranged at a position close to the output end of the third pipe member (33).
7. Radar system according to claim 3,
a fourth optical filter (341) and a fourth convex lens (342) are sequentially arranged in the fourth pipe (34), and the central axes of the fourth optical filter (341) and the fourth convex lens (342) are superposed;
the fourth convex lens (342) is arranged at a position close to the output end of the fourth pipe (34).
8. Radar system according to claim 3,
a fourth light splitting mirror (351), a fifth light filter (352) and a fifth convex lens (353) are sequentially arranged in the fifth pipe fitting (35), and the central axes of the fourth light splitting mirror (351), the fifth light filter (352) and the fifth convex lens (353) are superposed;
the fourth spectroscope (351) is provided at the junction of the fifth pipe (35) and a sixth pipe (36); the fifth convex lens (353) is arranged at a position close to the output end of the fifth pipe (35).
9. Radar system according to claim 3,
a sixth optical filter (361) and a sixth convex lens (362) are sequentially arranged in the sixth pipe (36), and the central axes of the sixth optical filter (361) and the sixth convex lens (362) are superposed;
the sixth convex lens (362) is arranged at a position close to the output end of the sixth pipe (36).
10. Radar system according to any one of claims 3 to 9,
the photomultiplier tube group (2) comprises a first photomultiplier tube (21), a second photomultiplier tube (22), a third photomultiplier tube (23), a fourth photomultiplier tube (24), a fifth photomultiplier tube (25) and a sixth photomultiplier tube (26);
the first photomultiplier (21) is arranged at the output end of the first pipe (31); the second photomultiplier tube (22) is arranged at the output end of the second pipe (32); the third photomultiplier (23) is arranged at the output end of the third pipe (33); the fourth photomultiplier (24) is arranged at the output end of the fourth tube (34); the fifth photomultiplier (25) is arranged at the output end of the fifth pipe (35); the sixth photomultiplier (26) is arranged at the output end of the sixth tube (36);
the bandwidths of the first optical filter (315) in the first pipe (31), the fifth optical filter (352) in the fifth pipe (35) and the sixth optical filter (361) in the sixth pipe (36) are all less than 10 nm;
the second optical filter (322) in the second pipe (32) is a 1nm narrow-wide optical filter;
the third optical filter (332) in the third pipe (33) is a 0.3nm narrow-wide optical filter;
a fourth optical filter (341) in the fourth pipe (34) is a 0.3nm narrow-width optical filter;
the first photomultiplier (21) is an avalanche diode.
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