CN211296931U - Directional pickup - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a directional directionality adapter, is equipped with preceding sound-penetrating hole at the front end of its shell, is equipped with preceding damping plate in the inboard of this preceding sound-penetrating hole, is equipped with the vibrating diaphragm in the inboard of this preceding damping plate, the inboard of this vibrating diaphragm with install and be connected at this shell rear portion subassembly. A rear sound inlet is arranged at the rear end of the shell; and a rear damping plate is arranged on the inner side of the vibrating diaphragm. The utility model has the advantages that: the directional directivity sound pickup adopts a physical acoustic structure, and realizes the directional characteristic of the whole sound head by adjusting the damping difference between the upper part and the lower part of the diaphragm and the pressure difference formed by the acoustic cavity structure. The method for realizing the directivity through the physical acoustic structure can keep high degree of restitution of sound to the maximum extent in the main shaft direction and reduce the distortion degree. The directivity of multiple sound heads realized by an array algorithm can be realized by using one sound head, and the method has greater advantages in cost and product design. The method does not need to intervene in complex algorithm and circuit power consumption loss, and is more concise and wider in application.

Description

Directional pickup

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a directional directive property adapter.

Background

The directivity characteristic of a common sound pickup is generally omni-directional, and sound in the direction of 360 degrees around the sound pickup, namely target source sound or surrounding disordered ambient sound, can be picked up by the sound pickup. Sometimes, in the use scene of the sound pick-up, only specific information of the target sound source needs to be paid attention to, and sounds in other surrounding areas become interference noise which influences the identification of the target sound source, so that the identification rate and the intelligibility of the target sound source are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a directional directive property adapter, its function only picks up the sound information in appointed region, keeps apart or suppresses the sound of the regional within range outside the appointed to reach and improve the interior acoustic signal to noise ratio of appointed region, acquire the purpose of high recognition rate and intelligibility.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a directional pickup comprises a shell, wherein a front sound transmission hole is formed in the front end of the shell, a front damping plate is arranged on the inner side of the front sound transmission hole, a vibrating diaphragm is arranged on the inner side of the front damping plate, and the inner side of the vibrating diaphragm is connected with a component arranged at the rear part of the shell; and a rear damping plate is arranged on the inner side of the vibrating diaphragm.

The utility model has the advantages that: the directional directivity sound pickup adopts a physical acoustic structure, and realizes the directional characteristic of the whole sound head by adjusting the damping difference between the upper part and the lower part of the diaphragm and the pressure difference formed by the acoustic cavity structure. The method for realizing the directivity through the physical acoustic structure can keep high degree of restitution of sound to the maximum extent in the main shaft direction and reduce the distortion degree. Meanwhile, the sound head adopting the structural design can realize the directivity of a plurality of sound heads through an array algorithm by using one sound head, and has greater advantages in cost and product design. The method does not need to intervene in complex algorithm and circuit power consumption loss, and is more concise and wider in application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a graph of the directivity function D (θ) of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. front sound-transmitting hole, 2, rear sound-transmitting hole, 3, diaphragm, 4, front damping plate, 5, rear damping plate, 6, housing, 7, circuit board group, 8, spring group, 9, cavity, 10, silk cloth damping, 11, damping cotton, 12, connecting rod, L1, B ═ 2 directivity function curve, L2, B ═ 0.5 directivity function curve, L3, B ═ 1 directivity function curve.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-3, the utility model relates to a directional directivity adapter, including shell 6, sound transmission hole 1 before being equipped with at the front end of this shell 6, damping plate 4 before this sound transmission hole 1's inboard is equipped with, damping plate 4's inboard is equipped with vibrating diaphragm 3 before this, this vibrating diaphragm 3's inboard with install the rear portion subassembly (including circuit board group 7, spring group 8, cavity 9, silk cloth damping 10, damping cotton 11 and connecting rod 12, for prior art) at this shell 6 rear portion and connect. The rear sound-absorbing structure is characterized in that a plurality of rear sound-absorbing holes 2 (6 in the figure) are arranged at the rear end of the shell 6 and are uniformly distributed along the circumference. A rear damping plate 5 is arranged on the inner side of the vibrating diaphragm 3.

The common omnidirectional directional sound head does not comprise a rear sound hole 2 and a rear damping plate 5, and only comprises a front sound transmission hole 1; the diaphragm 3 can only receive the pressure of the sound wave coming from the front sound-transmitting hole 1, and the pressure is a scalar quantity, so that the nondirectional characteristic is generated.

According to the invention, the back sound hole 2 is designed on the back of the sound head of the sound pick-up, so that two sides of the vibrating diaphragm 3 are exposed in a sound field and are driven by the pressure on two sides of the front sound hole 1 and the back sound hole 2. Compared with a remote sound source, the front and back opposite equivalent distances of the diaphragm 3 enable the sound waves to be transmitted to different distances on two sides of the diaphragm 3, and therefore a pressure difference effect is generated. When the vibrating diaphragm 3 vibrates, the magnitude of vibration displacement is related to the magnitude of pressure difference between the two surfaces of the vibrating diaphragm. When sound waves are incident in the axial forward direction, the acting force received by the diaphragm is the largest, and the sensitivity is the highest; when incident in parallel, the force is minimal and the sensitivity is lowest. Different sensitivity is reflected in the direction of 0-90 degrees by adjusting the damping states of the front damping plate 4 and the rear damping plate 5, so that the directivity characteristic is realized. The directional sound pick-up device can effectively pick up sound from a distant sound source, eliminate and inhibit sound interference without attention in other directions and achieve a certain noise reduction effect.

The utility model discloses the directional directive property adapter of realization is through the sound interference technique of physics, designs in the aspect of the acoustics structure of sound head, adopts the sound wave to the pressure that sound head diaphragm (vibrating diaphragm) produced and the compound effect of pressure differential, acquires the directive property of different performance through adjusting different compound degree.

The net force acting on the diaphragm is considered to be: f ═ p_DS, the amplitude is:

F_a＝|p_a||G|S(1+Bcosθ)

net pressure difference across the diaphragm: p is a radical of_D＝U_DZ_AD

Wherein p is_DFor net pressure difference acting on the diaphragm, U_DIs the volume velocity, Z, of the diaphragm_ADThe diaphragm analog acoustic impedance.

Considering the net force acting on the diaphragm as F ═ p_DS, the amplitude is:

F_a＝|p_a|||G|S(1+Bcosθ)

wherein theta is an included angle between the incident direction of the sound wave and the axial direction of the sound pickup.

The directivity function of a unidirectional microphone is: d (theta) ═ 1+ B cos theta

Where B represents the degree of recombination of the pressure difference portion and the pressure portion.

The utility model discloses a directive function is shown in figure 4, and when the B value is different, can make the adapter obtain different directional characteristic. Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of three different directional characteristic curves L1, L2, and L3, which are expressed when B takes values of 2, 0.5, and 1, respectively, where the smaller the range surrounded by each curve L1, L2, and L3, the better the directivity.

According to above analysis can know, the utility model relates to a only pick up the pickup apparatus in the certain limit, its the place ahead sensitivity is very high, and the sensitivity in other position is lower relatively to realize that the main direction sound source has better SNR and intelligibility for other directions, keep apart and restrain the acoustical signal outside the specified area. From this principle, can keep the regional sound sensitivity of main objective, reduce the sensitivity in other regions, be the utility model discloses realize directional leading thinking.

Claims (2)

1. A directional sound pickup comprises a shell (6), wherein a front sound transmission hole (1) is formed in the front end of the shell (6), a front damping plate (4) is arranged on the inner side of the front sound transmission hole (1), a vibrating diaphragm (3) is arranged on the inner side of the front damping plate (4), and the inner side of the vibrating diaphragm (3) is connected with a component mounted on the rear portion of the shell (6), and is characterized in that a rear sound transmission hole (2) is formed in the rear end of the shell (6); and a rear damping plate (5) is arranged on the inner side of the vibrating diaphragm (3).

2. The directional sound pickup according to claim 1, wherein the rear sound hole (2) is provided in plurality.

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