CN112565974A - Method for solving bidirectional separation pickup - Google Patents
Method for solving bidirectional separation pickup Download PDFInfo
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- CN112565974A CN112565974A CN202011369797.4A CN202011369797A CN112565974A CN 112565974 A CN112565974 A CN 112565974A CN 202011369797 A CN202011369797 A CN 202011369797A CN 112565974 A CN112565974 A CN 112565974A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- QQFGAXUIQVKBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichloro-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2Cl)Cl)=C1Cl QQFGAXUIQVKBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTUSORDQZVOEAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C=2C(=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=2)Cl)=C1Cl JTUSORDQZVOEAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
- H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/04—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for solving bidirectional separation pickup, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: designing and manufacturing a double-microphone array device, designing according to the Helmholtz resonator principle, and performing the following steps one by one: drawing a first PCB, welding two microphones on the first PCB, and enabling the distance position between the two microphones to follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator, wherein the first step is as follows: drawing a second PCB, welding two other microphones on the second PCB, and enabling the distance positions of the two other microphones to follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator, wherein the second step is as follows: and combining the two groups of double microphone arrays back to back into a whole. The invention relates to the field of sound pickup methods, in particular to a method for solving bidirectional separation sound pickup. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for solving bidirectional separation pickup, and the pickup equipment manufactured by the method can collect the sound in front and back of the pickup equipment in an application scene of counter business with high definition and can shield or weaken the noise around the pickup equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sound pickup methods, in particular to a method for solving bidirectional separation sound pickup.
Background
Sound pickup is the process of collecting sound. The microphone is used for recording complete and real audio signals, and can also take different pressure waves in the air and convert the pressure waves into different electric signals. There are many different conversion techniques, one of which is a silicon microphone, and the different conversion techniques correspond to different types of microphones. Since the silicon microphone has the advantages of small volume, good stability and high reproduction efficiency, and the transmitted signal has low noise and is free from interference signals, it is widely applied to the market. The plurality of silicon microphones form different microphone arrays by different combination forms in spatial distribution. Different microphone arrays differ in the range of picked-up sound, sound source location, sensitivity of picked-up sound, and the like.
The silicon microphone circuit adopts a double-microphone array, and a linear four-microphone or annular microphone array is also commonly used, so that the silicon microphone circuit is influenced by the structure, the microphone can only collect front sound or all sound signals of the surrounding environment, the collection of the front and rear sounds can not be realized, the application scene is greatly limited, and the popularization of products in industries such as business counters is not facilitated.
The double-microphone array is adopted and consists of two microphone sensors, the two microphone sensors have specific distances in spatial distribution, and the distance determines the distance, the size and the direction of sound collected by the sound pickup equipment. The microphone circuit is built in a designed structural shell, a hole cavity matched with the sensor and the microphone sensor is formed in the structural shell, the design of the hole cavity follows the principle of a Helmholtz resonator, and the quality of collected sound can be enhanced. Through the design, the microphone can only collect the sound in a certain distance and a certain horizontal angle range in front of the hole cavity, so that the requirement of collecting the sound in a specific angle is met, and the sound outside the angle cannot be collected or is obviously attenuated. The sound behind the pore space can not be clearly collected, so that the defect of single application scene is caused, and the wide application of the pickup equipment is not facilitated.
An annular four-microphone array is adopted and consists of four microphone sensors. The four microphone sensors are located on the same horizontal plane in spatial distribution and on the side line of a circle, and the spatial arrangement determines the distance, the size and the direction of sound collected by the sound pickup equipment. The microphone circuit is built into the designed structural shell, the structural shell is provided with cavities matched with the four sensors, and the cavities 88 are designed according to the principle of a Helmholtz resonator, so that the quality of collected sound can be enhanced. With this design, the microphone is able to pick up sound in the plane above the bore 88 and at a distance above it. The design of the annular microphone array can collect the sound around the pickup equipment, so that the sound which is not wanted to be collected is recorded, the application scene is single, and the wide application of the pickup equipment is not facilitated.
This is a disadvantage of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method and a device for solving the bidirectional separation pickup problem, and the pickup equipment manufactured by the method can collect the sound in front and back directions with high definition and can shield or weaken the noise around.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose of the invention:
a method for solving bidirectional separation pickup is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: designing and manufacturing a double-microphone array device, and designing according to the Helmholtz resonator principle;
the method comprises the following steps: drawing a first PCB, welding two microphones on the first PCB, and enabling the distance position between the two microphones to follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator;
the first step is: drawing a second PCB, and welding two other microphones on the second PCB, wherein the distance positions of the two other microphones follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator;
step two: combining two groups of the double-microphone arrays back to back into a whole;
step three: electrically connecting the microphone array combination in the second step with a main board of a microphone pickup device;
step four: and mounting the microphone array combination and the main board of the microphone pickup equipment on a microphone assembly shell to form a bidirectional separated pickup microphone assembly.
As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the principle formula of the helmholtz resonator followed in the first step is as follows:
formula of resonance frequency
L + Δ L (formula 2)
Wherein: c is the speed of sound;
s is the sectional area of the acoustic cavity;
l is the effective length of the acoustic chamber;
Δ l is a length correction taking into account the flow effect near the orifice end;
for the correction quantity Δ l of the end of the hole, a correction method without significant air flow is selected:
wherein: sigma is the ratio of the opening area of the acoustic cavity, namely the ratio of the hole sectional area to the cavity sectional area;
bringing formulas 2 and 3 into formula 1:
by controlling S, d and V, an acoustic cavity suitable for human voice frequency is made, so that the human voice is reduced at minimum and the noise is reduced at maximum.
As a further limitation of the present technical solution, when the sound pickup microphone assembly picks up sound, a relationship between an incoming sound wave direction and the array follows the following signal model:
assuming an m-element spatial array, under ideal conditions, the amplitude x of the ith array element is:
X1＝g0e-jwt1(formula 5)
Wherein: g0Is the complex amplitude of the incoming wave;
t1 is the sound propagation time between the ith array element and the reference point;
let the weight of the array element be w1Then the weighted outputs of all array elements are added, and the output of the array element becomes:
and obtaining a directional diagram G (theta) of the space array after taking absolute values of the above formula and normalizing:
as a further limitation of the technical solution, in the second step, the microphones of the two groups of dual-microphone arrays are respectively aligned front and back at spatial positions, so as to ensure consistency of front and back recording ranges.
As a further limitation of the present technical solution, four microphone acoustic cavities following the helmholtz resonator principle are disposed on the microphone assembly housing, and the four microphones are respectively matched with the corresponding microphone acoustic cavities.
As a further limitation of the technical solution, a power supply circuit, a data transmission circuit, a CPU processor circuit and a microphone pickup circuit are disposed on a main board of the microphone pickup device, the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the data transmission circuit, the CPU processor circuit and the microphone pickup circuit, the power supply circuit supplies power to the data transmission circuit, the CPU processor circuit and the microphone pickup circuit, the data transmission circuit is integrated in the CPU processor circuit, the data transmission circuit is electrically connected to the CPU processor circuit, the data transmission circuit performs data interaction with an external system in a USB protocol format to transmit voice information, the microphone pickup circuit is electrically connected to the CPU processor circuit, the microphone pickup circuit converts a real-time collected sound signal into a PDM signal and transmits the PDM signal to the CPU processor circuit, and after the CPU processor circuit finishes processing the voice signals, the voice data are transmitted to an external system through the data transmission circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention adopts the double-microphone arrays, the design of each group of microphone arrays adopts the Helmholtz resonant cavity principle, the specific distance and the specific range in front of the microphone can be ensured to record clear sound, furthermore, the design of two groups of the same double-microphone arrays is adopted, the specific distance and the specific range in front and at the back of the equipment can be ensured to record clear sound, the sound recorded in other ranges around the equipment is very small or can not be recorded, and the practicability of the application environment is ensured.
The unidirectional recording is realized by adopting the double-microphone array, the recording advantages of the double-microphone array are achieved, and the directional recording and noise suppression are realized; two groups of double-microphone array circuits are adopted to realize the characteristics of bidirectional recording, separable recording and noise suppression.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional separation sound pickup apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of circuitry for a microphone sound pickup apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a directional diagram of an array element m of the present invention for solving the problem of bidirectional separation pickup equipment
In the figure: 60. the microphone sound pickup equipment comprises a main board of the microphone sound pickup equipment, 61, a power supply circuit, 62, a data transmission circuit, 63, a CPU (central processing unit) circuit, 64 and a microphone sound pickup circuit, 90 and a bidirectional separation sound pickup microphone assembly, 91 and a microphone assembly shell, 92, a microphone, 93 and a microphone sound cavity, 96, a first PCB (printed circuit board), 97 and a second PCB.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a method for addressing bi-directional separate sound pickup includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: designing and manufacturing a double-microphone array device, and designing according to the Helmholtz resonator principle;
the method comprises the following steps: drawing a PCB I96, and welding two microphones 92 on the PCB I96, wherein the distance positions of the two microphones follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator;
the first step is: drawing a second PCB 97, and welding the other two microphones 92 on the second PCB 97, wherein the distance positions of the other two microphones follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator;
step two: combining two groups of the double-microphone arrays back to back into a whole;
step three: electrically connecting the microphone array combination in the second step with a main board 60 of a microphone pickup device;
step four: the microphone array combination and the main board 60 of the microphone pickup device are mounted to a microphone assembly housing 91 to form a bi-directional separate pickup microphone assembly 90.
The principle formula of the helmholtz resonator followed in the first step is as follows:
formula of resonance frequency
L + Δ L (formula 2)
Wherein: c is the speed of sound;
s is the sectional area of the acoustic cavity;
l is the effective length of the acoustic chamber;
Δ l is a length correction taking into account the flow effect near the orifice end;
for the correction quantity Δ l of the end of the hole, a correction method without significant air flow is selected:
wherein: sigma is the ratio of the opening area of the acoustic cavity, namely the ratio of the hole sectional area to the cavity sectional area;
bringing formulas 2 and 3 into formula 1:
by controlling S, d and V, an acoustic cavity suitable for human voice frequency is made, so that the human voice is reduced at minimum and the noise is reduced at maximum.
When the pickup microphone assembly (90) picks up sound, the relation between the incoming wave direction of the sound and the array follows the following signal model:
assuming an m-element spatial array, under ideal conditions, the amplitude x of the ith array element is:
X1＝g0e-jwt1(formula 5)
Wherein: g0Is the complex amplitude of the incoming wave;
t1 is the sound propagation time between the ith array element and the reference point;
let the weight of the array element be w1Then the weighted outputs of all array elements are added, and the output of the array element becomes:
and obtaining a directional diagram G (theta) of the space array after taking absolute values of the above formula and normalizing:
the above formula is simulated, and the simulation chart is shown in fig. 3, so that the directional diagram of the array element m is obtained, and the purpose of controlling the sound direction is met.
In fig. 3, circles with different radii indicate different angles and different distances, petals generated in simulation in the drawing indicate the size of sound, and the larger the radius, the larger the sound, that is, the discrimination between the sound collecting direction and the distance is realized.
And in the second step, the microphones of the two groups of double microphone arrays are respectively aligned front and back in spatial position, so that the consistency of the front and back recording ranges is ensured.
Four microphone acoustic cavities 93 following the helmholtz resonator principle are arranged on the microphone component shell 91;
the four microphones 92 are respectively matched with the corresponding microphone sound cavities 93.
A power supply circuit 61, a data transmission circuit 62, a CPU (central processing unit) processor circuit 63 and a microphone pickup circuit 64 are arranged on a main board 60 of the microphone pickup equipment;
the power supply circuit 61 is electrically connected to the data transmission circuit 62, the CPU processor circuit 63 and the microphone pickup circuit 64, and the power supply circuit 61 supplies power to the data transmission circuit 62, the CPU processor circuit 63 and the microphone pickup circuit 64;
the data transmission circuit 62 is integrated in the CPU processor circuit 63, the data transmission circuit 62 is electrically connected to the CPU processor circuit 63, and the data transmission circuit 62 performs data interaction with an external system in a USB protocol format to transmit voice information;
the microphone pickup circuit 64 is electrically connected to the CPU processor circuit 63, and the microphone pickup circuit 64 converts a sound signal acquired in real time into a PDM signal and transmits the PDM signal to the CPU processor circuit 63;
after the CPU processor circuit 63 finishes processing the voice signal, it transmits the voice data to the external system through the data transmission circuit 62.
The working process of the invention is as follows: designing and manufacturing a double-microphone array device, and designing according to the Helmholtz resonator principle: drawing a first PCB 96, welding two microphones 92 on the first PCB 96, and enabling the distance positions of the two microphones to follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator, wherein the first step is as follows: drawing PCB two 97, and soldering the other two microphones 92 on PCB two 97, the other two microphones spacing position follows the principle of Helmholtz resonator. Two sets of dual microphone arrays are combined back to back into a whole.
The microphone array combination is electrically connected to the main board 60 of the microphone pickup device.
The main board 60 of the microphone array combination and microphone pickup device is mounted to a microphone assembly housing 91 to form a bi-directional separation pickup microphone assembly 90.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for solving bidirectional separation pickup is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: designing and manufacturing a double-microphone array device, and designing according to the Helmholtz resonator principle;
the method comprises the following steps: drawing a first PCB (96), and welding two microphones (92) on the first PCB (96), wherein the distance positions of the two microphones follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator;
the first step is: drawing a second PCB (97), and welding two other microphones (92) on the second PCB (97), wherein the distance positions of the two other microphones follow the principle of a Helmholtz resonator;
step two: combining two groups of the double-microphone arrays back to back into a whole;
step three: electrically connecting the microphone array combination in the second step with a main board (60) of a microphone pickup device;
step four: and mounting the microphone array combination and a main board (60) of the microphone pickup equipment on a microphone assembly shell (91) to form a bidirectional separated pickup microphone assembly (90).
2. The method of addressing bi-directional separate sound pickup of claim 1, wherein: the principle formula of the helmholtz resonator followed in the first step is as follows:
formula of resonance frequency
L + Δ L (formula 2)
Wherein: c is the speed of sound;
s is the sectional area of the acoustic cavity;
l is the effective length of the acoustic chamber;
Δ l is a length correction taking into account the flow effect near the orifice end;
for the correction quantity Δ l of the end of the hole, a correction method without significant air flow is selected:
wherein: sigma is the ratio of the opening area of the acoustic cavity, namely the ratio of the hole sectional area to the cavity sectional area;
bringing formulas 2 and 3 into formula 1:
by controlling S, d and V, an acoustic cavity suitable for human voice frequency is made, so that the human voice is reduced at minimum and the noise is reduced at maximum.
3. The method of addressing bi-directional separate sound pickup of claim 1, wherein: when the pickup microphone assembly (90) picks up sound, the relation between the incoming wave direction of the sound and the array follows the following signal model:
assuming an m-element spatial array, under ideal conditions, the amplitude x of the ith array element is:
X1＝g0e-jwt1(formula 5)
Wherein: g0Is the complex amplitude of the incoming wave;
t1 is the sound propagation time between the ith array element and the reference point;
let the weight of the array element be w1Then the weighted outputs of all the array elements are added and the output of the array element becomesWhich comprises the following steps:
and obtaining a directional diagram G (theta) of the space array after taking absolute values of the above formula and normalizing:
4. the method of addressing bi-directional separate sound pickup of claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the microphones of the two groups of double microphone arrays are respectively aligned front and back in spatial position, so that the consistency of the front and back recording ranges is ensured.
5. The method of addressing bi-directional separate sound pickup of claim 1, wherein:
four microphone acoustic cavities (93) which follow the Helmholtz resonator principle are arranged on the microphone component shell (91);
the four microphones (92) are respectively matched with the corresponding microphone sound cavities (93).
6. The method of claim 1 for use in solving bi-directional separation pickup, comprising:
a power supply circuit (61), a data transmission circuit (62), a CPU (central processing unit) processor circuit (63) and a microphone pickup circuit (64) are arranged on a main board (60) of the microphone pickup equipment;
the power supply circuit (61) is electrically connected with the data transmission circuit (62), the CPU processor circuit (63) and the microphone pickup circuit (64), and the power supply circuit (61) supplies power to the data transmission circuit (62), the CPU processor circuit (63) and the microphone pickup circuit (64);
the data transmission circuit (62) is integrated in the CPU processor circuit (63), the data transmission circuit (62) is electrically connected with the CPU processor circuit (63), and the data transmission circuit (62) performs data interaction with an external system in a USB protocol format to transmit voice information;
the microphone pickup circuit (64) is electrically connected with the CPU processor circuit (63), and the microphone pickup circuit (64) converts sound signals collected in real time into PDM signals and transmits the PDM signals to the CPU processor circuit (63);
and after the CPU processor circuit (63) finishes processing the voice signals, the voice data are transmitted to an external system through the data transmission circuit (62).
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| CN202011369797.4A CN112565974A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Method for solving bidirectional separation pickup |
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| CN202011369797.4A CN112565974A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Method for solving bidirectional separation pickup |
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| US4489442A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-12-18 | Shure Brothers, Inc. | Sound actuated microphone system |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |