CN211060752U - Energy dissipating and collecting device for bottom of blasting hole - Google Patents
Energy dissipating and collecting device for bottom of blasting hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN211060752U CN211060752U CN201921989983.0U CN201921989983U CN211060752U CN 211060752 U CN211060752 U CN 211060752U CN 201921989983 U CN201921989983 U CN 201921989983U CN 211060752 U CN211060752 U CN 211060752U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an energy dissipation and collection device for the bottom of a blast hole, which comprises a cloth bag, a fastener, a high-wave impedance particle material and a low-wave impedance particle material, wherein the lower layer of the cloth bag is filled with the low-wave impedance particle material to form a flexible cushion layer; the upper layer of the cloth bag is filled with high-wave impedance material particle materials to form an energy dissipation layer, the fasteners are used for locking the upper, middle and lower parts of the cloth bag, the flexible cushion layer and the energy dissipation layer are separated, and the device is formed into a gathering and energy dissipation integrated device. The utility model discloses based on the wave impedance characteristic of energy dissipation layer and flexible bed course, utilize the stress wave to pass through the reflection law at different medium interfaces, stress wave contact energy dissipation layer surface reflection loading can effectively improve the blasting effect, reduces the possibility of remaining the root bottom; because the wave impedance of the flexible cushion layer is far smaller than that of the energy dissipation layer, the transmitted wave intensity of the contact surface is very small, and the damage range of the rock foundation can be effectively controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an explosion technical field, specific energy device that disappears is used at bottom of blast hole that says so.
Background
The blasting technology is widely applied to the engineering construction fields of traffic, mines, hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, urban building engineering and the like, and the adopted blasting forms are various, wherein the drilling blasting method has the advantages of strong adaptability to rock stratum geological conditions, low excavation cost, flexible operation and the like, and is widely applied to practical engineering.
Blasting excavation of dam foundation planes, sidewalk side slopes, tunnel bottom plates and the like of water conservancy and hydropower engineering is always a difficult point in engineering blasting construction, and according to the standard requirements, a large amount of blasting cracks should not be generated on the foundation planes during blasting excavation, and the defects of joint crack planes, layer planes and the like should not be obviously degraded, so that the integrity of rock masses is damaged. Therefore, a protective layer with the thickness of 3-6 m is reserved in blasting excavation, and for the excavation of the protective layer, schemes such as shallow hole layered blasting, presplitting blasting, smooth blasting and the like are generally adopted, but the schemes are too many. The use efficiency is low due to the factors of low speed of drilling the horizontal blast hole and the like. Aiming at the blasting of the hole bottom rock stratum needing to be protected, small-step differential blasting of arranging a common flexible cushion layer at the hole bottom can be adopted at present, but because the flexible cushion layer is not reasonable enough in material and structure, the effect of relieving blast shock waves is small, the hole bottom rock stratum is still large in damage, the fluctuation of a building base surface after blasting is still large, and secondary blasting or manual mechanical prying is still needed sometimes; or horizontal presplitting or horizontal smooth blasting is adopted, but the drilling difficulty of the horizontal hole is higher, the drilling length is limited, the blasting area is limited, and the construction efficiency is lower. The traditional construction method and the existing new technology have the defects of complex operation, low construction efficiency, unobvious effect and the like. The existing energy dissipating and collecting device for the bottom of the blast hole has a plurality of new ideas, but the improvement of the lateral crushing effect of the bottom of the hole and the control of the damage of the rock mass at the bottom of the hole are difficult to be considered, and meanwhile, the device has a simple structure and is easy and convenient to operate.
The patent No. CN 2929363Y discloses a multidirectional energy-gathering blasting device, which comprises a sleeve pipe with a plurality of bulges uniformly distributed on the inner wall, and a special-shaped medicine bag which is tightly matched with the inner wall of the bulges and is extruded is arranged in the sleeve pipe. The protruding parts form multi-directional energy-gathering blasting energy-gathering holes, the explosive energy generates confluence in the direction of the energy-gathering holes during blasting, radial cracks are formed around the blast hole, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and blasting vibration is reduced. The device is difficult to control the damage of the detonation gas to the bottom rock mass.
The patent number is CN 208476097U's compound reflection energy-gathering and buffering energy-dissipating device', which includes buffering energy-dissipating cushion layer, rigid cushion layer, reflection energy-gathering cushion layer and energy-gathering jet device. The energy-gathered jet flow and the reflection energy-gathered jet flow generated by the energy-gathered jet device and the bus of the reflection energy-gathered cushion layer have double energy-gathered functions when the explosive is detonated, and the blasting effect is enhanced. The composite cushion layer consisting of the reflective energy-gathering cushion layer, the rigid cushion layer and the buffering energy dissipation cushion layer has a three-time energy dissipation buffering effect, reduces blasting damage at the bottom of a blast hole, and ensures the quality of rock at the bottom of the hole. The whole device consists of three cushion layers and an energy-gathering jet device, and the structure is complex; the cushion layer shell is a steel shell, so that the construction economy is poor; the whole device is complex in use and assembly operation and low in efficiency.
Therefore, the energy dissipation and accumulation device for the bottom of the blasting hole, which can improve the crushing effect of the lateral rock wall at the bottom of the hole and control the damage of the rock mass at the bottom of the hole, has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation and lower construction cost, is researched and designed, replaces the existing energy dissipation and accumulation device, and has very important significance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a disappear and to gather ability device that the bottom of blast hole was used, should disappear and to gather ability device processing convenience, easy operation, construction convenience, can show and improve the broken rock effect of blasting to the blasting damage scope of effective control big gun hole bottom improves the base face blasting excavation roughness of building.
In order to realize the technical characteristics, the purpose of the utility model is realized as follows: the energy dissipating and collecting device for the bottom of the blast hole comprises a cloth bag, wherein the lower part, the middle part and the upper part of the cloth bag are respectively locked through fasteners and are integrally separated into two independent lower cavities and an upper cavity; the lower cavity is filled with a certain amount of low-wave impedance particle materials to form a flexible cushion layer, and the upper cavity is filled with a certain amount of high-wave impedance particle materials to form an energy dissipation layer.
The cloth bag is a wear-resistant thin-wall cloth bag.
The section of the opened cloth bag is cylindrical, two ends of the opened cloth bag are open, and the diameter of the section of the cloth bag is 1-3 cm larger than that of the blast hole; the length of the cloth bag is selected according to the length of the blast hole, and when the depth of the hole is 2.5-6 m, the length is 30-40 cm; and when the hole depth is more than 6m, the length of the cloth bag is increased.
The high-wave impedance particle material is iron powder; the low-wave impedance particle material is drill hole rock debris or artificial sand which is easy to obtain in a construction site.
The fastener comprises a fastener carrier, wherein the surface of the fastener carrier is uniformly provided with fastening teeth, the end position of the fastener carrier is provided with a fastening hole for penetrating through the fastener carrier, two sides of the fastening hole are provided with guide blocks, and the guide blocks are matched with the fastening teeth and used for locking and fixing the fastener carrier.
The flexible cushion layer and the energy dissipation layer are respectively filled to the height positions of 1/3-1/2 of the cavities, so that certain gaps are reserved in the cavities.
In the blasting operation process, the cloth bag is integrally placed at the bottom end of the blast hole, and emulsion explosive is filled at the top of the cloth bag.
The utility model discloses there is following beneficial effect:
1. and (3) blasting effect: the device passes through the propagation law of stress wave in different media, and upper energy dissipation layer is high wave impedance material, and lower floor's flexible bed course is low wave impedance material. Reflection can be loaded on the upper part of the structure, so that the crushing effect is effectively improved, the possibility of residual root bottom is reduced, and a relatively flat foundation surface can be obtained; the lower part of the structure can reduce the intensity of transmitted waves, thereby ensuring that the basic rock mass can not be seriously disturbed and damaged and protecting the basic rock mass.
2. And (3) manufacturing materials: the main materials of the device are wear-resistant thin cloth bags, plastic tie wires, iron powder and rock debris. The drilling rock debris can be obtained from local materials, and other materials are low in cost and economical and practical.
3. Construction operation aspect: the structure is simple, the whole structure is flexible, the hole is not easy to clamp, and the construction is convenient.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a dissipating energy device for the bottom of a blast hole.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the use of a dissipating energy device at the bottom of a blasthole.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the strap and buckle opening.
In the figure: 1-cloth bag; 2-a flexible cushion layer; 3-an energy dissipation layer; 4-a fastener; 41-a strap carrier; 42-a buckle tooth; 43-buttonhole; 44-a guide block; 5-voids; 6-emulsion explosive.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-3, a cumulative energy dissipating device for the bottom of a blast hole comprises a cloth bag 1, wherein the lower part, the middle part and the upper part of the cloth bag 1 are respectively locked by fasteners 4 and are integrally separated into two independent lower cavities and upper cavities; the lower cavity is filled with a certain amount of low-wave impedance particle materials to form a flexible cushion layer 2, and the upper cavity is filled with a certain amount of high-wave impedance particle materials to form an energy dissipation layer 3. By adopting the structure, based on the wave impedance characteristics of the energy dissipation layer and the flexible cushion layer, the stress wave contacts the surface of the energy dissipation layer for reflection loading by utilizing the transflection rule of the stress wave at the interface of different media, so that the blasting effect can be effectively improved, and the possibility of residual root is reduced; because the wave impedance of the flexible cushion layer is far smaller than that of the energy dissipation layer, the transmitted wave intensity of the contact surface is very small, and the damage range of the rock foundation can be effectively controlled.
Further, the cloth bag 1 is a wear-resistant thin-wall cloth bag. Preferably, a wear-resistant canvas cloth bag is adopted.
Further, the section of the opened cloth bag 1 is cylindrical, two ends of the opened cloth bag are open, and the diameter of the section of the cloth bag is 1-3 cm larger than that of a blast hole; the length of the cloth bag is selected according to the length of the blast hole, and when the depth of the hole is 2.5-6 m, the length is 30-40 cm; and when the hole depth is more than 6m, the length of the cloth bag is increased. The cloth bag 1 having the above structure can be used
Further, the high-wave-impedance particle material is iron powder; the low-wave impedance particle material is drill hole rock debris or artificial sand which is easy to obtain in a construction site. By adopting the materials, the characteristics of different materials can be effectively utilized, and the purposes of good buffering and energy absorption are achieved.
Further, the fastening component 4 includes a fastening tape carrier 41, fastening teeth 42 are uniformly formed on the surface of the fastening tape carrier 41, a fastening hole 43 for passing through the fastening tape carrier 41 is formed at the end of the fastening tape carrier 41, guide blocks 44 are formed on two sides of the fastening hole 43, and the guide blocks 44 are matched with the fastening teeth 42 and lock and fix the fastening tape carrier 41. The cloth bag 1 can be conveniently separated into two different cavities through the fastener 4, the bag opening is sealed, the use is convenient, in the use process, the buckle belt carrier 41 bypasses the cloth bag 1 from the outer side, the buckle belt carrier 41 is meshed with the buckle holes 43 through the buckle teeth 42 to fasten the upper part and the lower part of the cloth bag, the energy dissipation layer is separated from the flexible cushion layer, and the device is integrated.
Furthermore, the flexible cushion layer 2 and the energy dissipation layer 3 are respectively filled to the height positions 1/3-1/2 of the cavities, so that certain gaps 5 are reserved in the cavities. The whole cloth bag 1 can be conveniently placed at the bottom of the blast hole by reserving a certain gap 5.
Further, in the blasting operation process, the cloth bag 1 is integrally placed at the bottom end of the blast hole, and the emulsion explosive 6 is filled at the top of the cloth bag 1. Through the arrangement mode, the emulsion explosive 6 is guaranteed to be effectively buffered and absorbed through the energy absorption device in blasting, and then the hole bottom is effectively protected, and the damage to the hole bottom is avoided.
Example 2:
the side slope protective layer excavation of certain power station adopts deep hole bench blasting, and step height 8m, drilling inclination 90, the super deep 0.8m, big gun hole degree of depth 10.8m, big gun hole diameter 90mm, adopts conventional blasting construction scheme to be difficult to coordinate the relation between construction progress and the control hole bottom damage scope, consequently, uses the utility model discloses the invention.
In this embodiment, the high-wave impedance material is iron powder; the low-wave impedance material is rock debris.
As shown in figure 1, the energy dissipation device for the bottom of the blast hole comprises a cloth bag 1, a fastener 4, iron powder and rock debris, wherein an energy dissipation layer 3 is formed by filling the iron powder on the upper layer of a wear-resistant thin cloth bag; the lower layer is filled with rock debris to form a flexible cushion layer 2. The plastic fastener 4 is used for bypassing the wear-resistant thin cloth bag between the energy dissipation layer and the flexible cushion layer, and the thin cloth bag is firmly bound to separate the energy dissipation layer from the flexible cushion layer and form a whole with the device.
Further, the cloth bag 1 is cylindrical, and two ends of the cloth bag are open. Preferably, the cloth bag is made of wear-resistant thin canvas materials, the length of the cloth bag is 40cm, and the diameter of the cloth bag is 12 cm.
Furthermore, the fastener 4 consists of a clamping groove and a fastening belt provided with a rack, the fastener bypasses the wear-resistant sailcloth bag from the outer side, the fastening belt is meshed with the clamping groove through a clamping tooth to fasten the wear-resistant thin cloth bag, and the energy dissipation layer is separated from the flexible cushion layer. Preferably, the fastener adopts a plastic binding wire. The buckle teeth 42 on the buckle belt carrier 41 are inserted into the buckle holes 43 through the guide blocks 44, and the buckle teeth 42 are engaged with the clamping teeth in the guide blocks 44 to lock the wear-resistant thin cloth bag, so that the energy dissipation layer is separated from the flexible cushion layer.
Furthermore, the height of the filling materials in the energy dissipation layer 3 and the flexible cushion layer 2 is about 14cm, a gap with the height of about 7cm is reserved after rock debris is filled, the wear-resistant thin cloth bag is bound tightly by the fastener 4, iron powder is filled in the gap, and the top end of the wear-resistant thin cloth bag is bound tightly after the gap is filled.
Furthermore, after the device is filled, a certain gap is reserved for filling, so that the device can be easily placed in a blast hole; because the diameter of the wear-resistant thin cloth bag is 3cm larger than that of the blast hole, the device can be tightly attached to the blast hole when being placed in the blast hole.
Specifically, the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting a wear-resistant thin cloth bag 1 with the length of 40cm and the diameter of 12cm according to the depth of a blast hole;
step 2: binding and locking the bottom of the wear-resistant thin cloth bag by using a fastener 4;
and step 3: filling a proper amount of rock debris into the lower part of the cloth bag to form a flexible cushion layer 2, wherein the filling length is about 14 cm;
and 4, step 4: keeping a gap of about 7cm, and binding and locking the middle part of the wear-resistant thin cloth bag by using a fastener;
and 5: filling a proper amount of iron powder on the upper part of the cloth bag to form an energy dissipation layer 3, wherein the filling length is about 14cm, and a gap of about 7cm is reserved;
step 6: the upper end of the wear-resistant thin cloth bag is bound and locked by a fastener, the whole device is placed at the bottom of the blast hole, and the hole bottom energy dissipation layer and the flexible cushion layer are formed, as shown in figure 2.
By using the device of the utility model, the blasting effect can be effectively improved, and the possibility of residual root bottom is reduced; and the damage range of the rock foundation can be effectively controlled. The relation between the coordinated construction progress and the damage range of the bottom of the control hole can be effectively solved.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a blasting hole bottom is with eliminating can device which characterized in that: the bag type air conditioner comprises a cloth bag (1), wherein the lower part, the middle part and the upper part of the cloth bag (1) are respectively locked through fasteners (4), and the cloth bag is integrally divided into two independent lower cavities and an upper cavity; the inner part of the lower cavity is filled with a certain amount of low-wave impedance particle materials to form a flexible cushion layer (2), and the inner part of the upper cavity is filled with a certain amount of high-wave impedance particle materials to form an energy dissipation layer (3).
2. A dissipating energy means for the bottom of a blasthole as defined in claim 1, wherein: the cloth bag (1) is a wear-resistant thin-wall cloth bag.
3. A hole bottom energy dissipating assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the section of the opened cloth bag (1) is cylindrical, two ends of the opened cloth bag are open, and the diameter of the section of the cloth bag is 1-3 cm larger than that of a blast hole; the length of the cloth bag is selected according to the length of the blast hole, and when the depth of the hole is 2.5-6 m, the length is 30-40 cm; and when the hole depth is more than 6m, the length of the cloth bag is increased.
4. A dissipating energy means for the bottom of a blasthole as defined in claim 1, wherein: the high-wave impedance particle material is iron powder; the low-wave impedance particle material is drill hole rock debris or artificial sand which is easy to obtain in a construction site.
5. A dissipating energy means for the bottom of a blasthole as defined in claim 1, wherein: the buckle element (4) comprises a buckle element carrier (41), buckle teeth (42) are uniformly formed on the surface of the buckle element carrier (41), a buckle hole (43) used for penetrating through the buckle element carrier (41) is formed in the end position of the buckle element carrier (41), guide blocks (44) are formed on two sides of the buckle hole (43), the guide blocks (44) are matched with the buckle teeth (42), and the buckle element carrier (41) is locked and fixed.
6. A dissipating energy means for the bottom of a blasthole as defined in claim 1, wherein: the flexible cushion layer (2) and the energy dissipation layer (3) are respectively filled to the height positions of 1/3-1/2 of the cavities, so that certain gaps (5) are reserved in the cavities.
7. A dissipating energy means for the bottom of a blasthole as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the blasting operation process, the cloth bag (1) is integrally placed at the bottom end of the blast hole, and emulsion explosive (6) is filled at the top of the cloth bag (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921989983.0U CN211060752U (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Energy dissipating and collecting device for bottom of blasting hole |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921989983.0U CN211060752U (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Energy dissipating and collecting device for bottom of blasting hole |
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| CN211060752U true CN211060752U (en) | 2020-07-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113686967A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-23 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of boundary reflection effect on stress wave propagation test data |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113686967A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-23 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of boundary reflection effect on stress wave propagation test data |
| CN113686967B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-02-27 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of boundary reflection effect on stress wave propagation test data |
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