CN85102321A - Comprehensive rock-breaking technique for rock tunnel engineering - Google Patents
Comprehensive rock-breaking technique for rock tunnel engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN85102321A CN85102321A CN 85102321 CN85102321A CN85102321A CN 85102321 A CN85102321 A CN 85102321A CN 85102321 CN85102321 CN 85102321 CN 85102321 A CN85102321 A CN 85102321A CN 85102321 A CN85102321 A CN 85102321A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to rock gangway mechanization driving technology field, be to make the whole mechanical automations of drilling and blasting method, and with domestic and international all kinds of driving technologies as the spiral drilling and blasting method; Drill jumbo; Jumbo loader; Part section and full face rock tunnel boring machine; Water jet; Water cannon; Impact type; Electronic arc; Comprehensive tunneler group that technology such as laser are formed and comprehensive driving technology scheme form numerous inventions of a total design.Because of drilling and blasting method can destroy mechanical properties of rock easily, so the present invention can solve the driving problem in hard rock high speed, low consumption.The present invention can be used for the engineering of driving of all kinds of tunnels and mine working.
Description
Can predict the first driving technology of future world, should be the complex art of various technical tie-up effects.This paper will discuss " mechanization drill bursting technology " and with the comprehensive application technology of other driving technology.
Why this complex art is benchmark with the drill bursting technology, be because at present and in period, simplify and reduce rock tunnel engineering technology and cost is still a principle with explosive, all the more so concerning China especially, but general drilling and blasting method efficient is low, the progress requirement that can not adapt to the situation slowly, so the mechanization of blasting technique will be direction.With the drill bursting technology is the comprehensive breaking technique for rock of benchmark, and its economy will greatly reduce, and is characterized in keeping efficient in any hardness rock gangway, the duty of low consumption.
＜one〉mechanization drill bursting technology general introduction
So-called " mechanization drill bursting technology " is meant the technology that " drilling and blasting method " complete mechanicalization is worked continuously, " the wind bullet drill bursting technology " that proposes as famous " the spiral blasting procedure " of the U.S. and China etc." the mechanization drill bursting technology " that this paper will discuss then is comprehensively on the basis of existing at home and abroad advanced technology to improve development and come, so present technique is initiated.
Quick-fried system is bored in mechanization can be divided into two types of dynamic explosion and static blastings by explosion status.Dynamically explosion can be divided into liquid, emulsus, solid three parts by the explosive state again.Static blasting is respectively liquid phase and solid phase and forms, or be made up of multiple solid phase components then according to its each component of filling a prescription.Can predict, static blasting is had boundless prospects on engineering, like replacing dynamic explosion.
With above drilling and blasting method each classification and other breaking technique for rock integrated use, and solve outstanding separately specific question.Then can draw numerous outstanding tunneling programs (as supporting behind the random, go out anchor spray, supporting, then realized the comprehensive mechanized driving technology).These schemes branches then have a style of one's own, and close then horizontal many kinds, vertically seriation (heavily, medium and small pattern is different, variation is various).The proposition of these schemes, for comprehensive, system change the present driving state of China from structure, lay a good foundation.For China's underground engineering tunneling development spreads out the condition created completely.
1, quick-fried SYSTEM SUMMARY is bored in mechanization
Native system all adopts common equipment on the general industry except that automatic injection, storage, obstruction, apparatus to cause bursting and rock drill guide rail and shield.Each equipment of native system (bore quick-fried, go out, ventilate) all is located on the suitable standard creeper truck.See figure
The quick-fried system of this machine drill is an initiative, adopts hydraulic gate, invention medicine-filling device, blocking device, the protection of apparatus to cause bursting (pressure loading system) invention multipurpose shield formula.All the driving power sections of this machine also can be adopted nuclear power, or are referred to as underground nuclear submarine.
2, quick-fried system works principle is bored in mechanization
Many rock drills are holed simultaneously, support the top, tunnel by shield, with fixing driving body.Limited because of the space so adopt major diameter big gun hole, reach high-power glue, emulsification, bulk explosive or liquid explosives.To reduce rock drilling board number as far as possible.Behind the pore-forming, rock drill is return the precalculated position, and referring to Fig. 1 scheme I: guide rail is made the axial rotation certain angle under the oil motor effect, make the reservoir center line of discharge align big gun centerline hole position.See Fig. 2 scheme II: guide rail is fixed, and cuts a hole pore-forming when rock drill and retreats to giving allocation, and reservoir rotates to an angle under the rotating mechanism effect, makes the reservoir center line of discharge align big gun centerline hole position (see figure 1).Be installed in the transporting device of hydraulic pusher one end this moment, under propeller thrust, travel forward, and rely on blanking plug external diameter and reservoir to export the frictional force of the tolerance fit generation of caliber, with transporting device coaxial plug, insert in the blanking plug coaxial socket, and continue blanking plug is pushed the big gun hole, blanking plug middle part, rear portion external diameter are the interference tolerance of big gun hole internal diameter, to strengthen stopping up effect, propeller is also set a device, so that blanking plug location-appropriate in the big gun hole.After blanking plug puts in place, injection scheme I: opening pressure loading pump is imported " transporting device " with emulsus or liquid explosive by conveyance conduit, reinject in " blanking plug " passage, pressure liquid explosive backs down " blanking plug " backstop, make flowable explosive inject the big gun hole, the blanking plug housing skin be provided with groove play the effect of losing heart (because of rock crack in bursting work more, therefore the blanking plug shell also can not stay groove, compressed air can be pressed in the crack during loading), the injection amount can be by meter or pressure gauge electrical equipment control, with pump trip, this moment the backstop closure.Injection scheme II, medicine injecting device is independent, first injection plug-hole again behind the pore-forming, " blanking plug " apparatus to cause bursting was started working after injection was finished.The scheme I, the coaxial latch of apparatus to cause bursting inserts under no electric situation, so no electric spark, after the insertion, it is isolated that connector assembly is provided with sealing ring, and (can satisfy seal request under certain thrust) uses the down-hole exploder this moment, connect power supply, light the detonating primer time-delay powder column (this programme adopts a second level detonator) that stops up in the blaster, with guarantee each protective equipment of unit put in place after percussion detonator again, ignition charge (this programme is applicable in the rock stratum of any hardness of non-gaseous mine and tunnels).So the scheme II adopts remote-controlled detonation, because of receiver action hysteresis belongs to the microsecond magnitude, send out in wink and millisecond detonator can use, so this programme has creatively solved present technique and tunnels problem in the gaseous mine high speed.Because the modernized requirement of underground work, so the electric automatization explosion is inevitable direction, as for receiver cost problem, can give meter in 5 years of high speed development from now on, will become inappreciable problem.
3, the structure of mechanization drill system critical piece and working condition
Each main working parts of native system comprises, transporting device, blanking plug, holder.
＜1〉transporting device
1〉transporting device scheme I
The transporting device is installed in hydraulic pusher and advances auspicious head
The A structure is seen Fig. 3
1. flowable explosive enters the mouth, 2. electric wire, 3. coaxial plug, 4. channel of explosive.
The B working condition
1. loading:
Pumping liquid explosive, be pressed into by the road and by the device, be pressed into blanking plug again.
2. connect power circuit
Coaxial plug tail end conductor wire and exploder circuit join in device, when when device advances blanking plug, coaxial plug, insert in the blanking plug socket, like this, exploder promptly and the detonating primer circuit connect, but this process carries out under radio situation, this moment is if the unlatching exploder can draw detonator.
2〉transporting device scheme II.This programme can be used cutter machine bore bit; Directly blanking plug is pushed in the big gun hole.This programme and scheme worker do not exist together and are: afterbody band steel disc an ancient unit of weight melon of its conducting device.Rock drill bore bit portion needs pre-groove.Move forward when bore bit pushes away conducting device, and when entering in the holder pipe, conducting device steel an ancient unit of weight pawl is bumped in the bore bit groove.When conducting device pushes the big gun hole with blanking plug, and after finishing work such as loading, energising, the bore bit withdrawal.This moment, conducting device an ancient unit of weight melon was caught bore bit.So return together by the bore bit traction.When conducting device retreated to initial position, invar an ancient unit of weight melon had withdrawed from the storage steel pipe.So an ancient unit of weight melon steel rises and breaks away from the bore bit groove, then the two separation works on to prepare next circulation, so comes and goes.
＜2〉blanking plug
1〉blanking plug scheme I
The A structure
Structure is seen Fig. 3 conducting device and blanking plug schematic diagram 4
1. outer 2. loading passage 3. backstop 4. coaxial socket 5. lead 6. detonator 7. lead tank
The B working condition
1. flowable explosive is pushed backstop open through passage, is pressed into the big gun hole, and backstop prevents that explosive from flowing backwards, and wherein: the scheme I can prevent that shaped explosive charge from flowing backwards.
The scheme II can prevent liquid explosive refluence (seeing that Fig. 4 illustrates)
Fig. 3,4 explanations:
1〉transporting device band an ancient unit of weight pawl is the scheme I, is not the scheme II with an ancient unit of weight pawl
2〉transporting device, blanking plug all are applicable to liquid explosive (change, glue, pulpous state, explosive)
When 3〉adopting liquid explosives, must increase " scalable sebific duct " is the scheme I, when adopting the emulsus explosive, then need not be with glue to assist and be the scheme II, and the scheme II can be used in the solid explosive scheme.
4〉Fig. 4 is wired automatically controlled drawing, and need only set up battery (and make its airtight) and radio system and get final product in blanking plug.
The scheme III is seen Fig. 5, and 6,7 is the solid explosive scheme
Fig. 5,6,7 explanations:
1〉length of blanking plug and every saving tube is 500 millimeters.
2〉the lead propeller at first pushes 3 cartridge cases successively in boring under cutter machine drill steel or hydraulic action, pushes blanking plug, then finishes powder charge and obstruction work in the boring for the 4th time.
3〉Fig. 5,6,7 are exclusively used in the solid explosive scheme; Blanking plug can be used in the attitude, and can be medicament with explosive, and places in the cartridge case by each component isolation, mix each component medicament with detonator and an amount of explosive with the microexplosion method in use, when explosive is had an effect, then promote the wedge shape sprue, finish obstruction work.
2. the plug closure has promptly been connected the circuit of a device and detonator in socket and the transporting device, then can wired automatically controlled detonator that draws.
3. lead tank and can discharge gas in the big gun hole, with smooth loading.
2〉blanking plug scheme II:
Adopt remote control demolition, blanking plug is done suitable change on the basis of scheme I.It carries aqueous channel of explosive, and backstop is all constant, but needs to increase button battery and control receiving system.Strengthen stopping up and to adopt a microexplosion shape to stop up mode, secondary initiation.The scheme I also can adopt this kind mode.
Operation principle: the radio receiving device is received the control instruction in blanking plug, connects the millisecond electric detonator circuit at once.Ignite and strengthen stopping up detonator, and ignite propulsive charge, the shape piece is pushed in the stern notch: and be equipped with stemming, stop up effect to increase.After obstruction was finished, the detonating primer time-delay was finished out quick-fried, with ignition charge.
＜two〉the practical type scheme of mechanization drill bursting technology is introduced
This system can numerous schemes composed as follows:
Brief introduction: comprise automatic powder charge by many hydraulic gates, stop up, each system such as apparatus to cause bursting and hydraulic pressure, circuit, water route, ventilation, transfusion, muck removal all is installed on the standard creeper truck, but must design the rock drill that suitable protective equipment then can be achieved as follows several forms.Present technique provides the protective equipment of satisfying the demand and using more equally.
The quick-fried development machine of 1 auger
(1) spiral blasting procedure notion is that drift section is divided into fan-shaped fritter.On fritter, bore simultaneously, powder charge, explosion, muck removal etc.Each piece is spiral successively to advance, thereby realizes that full section works continuously.This method has solved the common drilling and blasting method shortcoming of parallel operations continuously, and the explosion scope of freedom is strengthened, and has reduced explosive consumption; Improve blasting efficiency.Bore, quick-fried, dress all realizes remote control.Construction safety, each operation are all parallel continuously, have improved driving speed.The solution that the spiral blasting procedure is successful the various technical problems in vertical and heading.
(2) the quick-fried machine operation principle of gallery remote control auger of U.S. development is seen figure.This machine comprises that several rock drills, explosive loader (automatic powder charge and fuzing system, armament) and one protect, and all are positioned on the macro-axis.Pass through hydraulic valve operating by the driver.Macro-axis props up on vehicle frame by sleeve bearing, can drive whole device rotations.Five actions of rock drill all are remote controls.Mesh shield, L-shaped.By thick walled steel tube (two) is that the band steel of framework and 9.5 millimeters constitutes.Its upper berth wire netting.Like this, both can block the slungshot of explosion, and can allow shock wave pass through again.Powder charge comprises explosive loader and fuzing system, armament.Explosive loader behaviour frock is filled out the standard device of bulk explosive.Flexible with hydraulic cylinder control.Ignite with 7.5 seconds delayed action detonators, match with the delayed action time.Explosive loader is withdrawn automatically by set speed.In the blasting process, all device is all in the backplate back.This method it is estimated that pick speed is 4 times of common drilling and blasting method.Cost can reduce half.
(3) this programme is on the basis of U.S.'s experimental study, adopts " mechanization drill bursting technology " than former spiral blasting procedure, and then its structure is more compact, advanced, reasonable.Two kinds of schemes are compared as follows:
A, powder charge are to the hole mode: former scheme is an angular displacement, and this programme is a rotary type.Contraposition degree of accuracy height, compact conformation.
B, only can finish continuously by transporting device, blanking plug and fill out, block up, ignite each link.Finish more work with less parts, it is multi-functional that each member all integrates.
C, former scheme do not have blocking device, and imagination is only arranged.And this programme is provided with good blocking device.
D, this programme adopt excellent wired ignition.Ignite more economic and practical than former scheme, percussion, electric cap.
E, this programme adopt pouring-in loading, and are furnished with complete automatically continuous blocking device.Can all adopt the control of remote operation or computer.
Powder charge is seen copy with the ignition part
Adorning, block up, ignite each several part compares.
This programme fail, block up, ignite each system convergence good, continuous, put in place, accurate to the hole.Each parts is concentrated, compact conformation.Each parts is easy, reasonable, multi-function, and the automation of being more convenient for is worked continuously.Therefore, new departure has been inherited the advantage of former scheme, simultaneously, has changed the deficiency of former scheme.
2 spiral drilling and blasting method vertical schemes:
The spiral blasting procedure is used for vertical, only need change a little in mechanical aspects.The unit macro-axis is propped up on the derrick of ground by sleeve bearing, and change the mode of slagging tap.As adopt grab loader, well-bucket etc.All the other devices and operation principle be gallery unit roughly the same all.
3 full sections bore quick-fried development machine continuously.
(1) scheme introduction:
This programme is to be further development of full section, one-time continuous automation on the basis of drill loader.Bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried, work such as slag tap.And be provided with movable shield, make unit when explosion, need not withdraw working face, to improve the rate of utilization of work hour.This unit makes " drilling and blasting method " machinery continuously fully, and also remote-controlled or computer is handled.This programme has realized that China develops the imagination of full section jumbo loader and development to some extent.
This programme should adopt major diameter big gun hole.Convert according to unit rock amount of consumption of drugs:, then can make boring number minimizing 3/4 on the section if adopt the big gun hole in one times in overgauge hole.Use the experience of major diameter shot hole blasting in addition according to countries such as West Germany, borehole diameter is increased to 42～52mm from 31～38mm.The borehole number can reduce 40～50%.Therefore, as adopting major diameter, high explosive, then this unit is to arrange enough rock drilling board numbers in the confined space.
This programme existing problems are shown as Fig. 9:
Be that tunnel two is helped and the bottom.Rock drill equipment is difficult for arranging.Particularly, because of the crab rock loader scraper bowl occupies the useful space.The way that solves is: strengthen distance and height between two crawler belts.And to make the dirt loader scraper bowl be telescopic scraper bowl.When needs were in the boring vantage point with whole rock drills, scraper bowl can contract to the creeper truck bottom, abdicates the space.Rock drill recession after holing and after the explosion.Then scraper bowl is released and is begun to adorn slag.
The boring of top, tunnel is finished by the rock drill on the movable shield that is arranged on the development machine.This track-type facilities is on shield, to increase space availability ratio.This supporting plays multiple effect:
1. fixed rack effect.2. top shield effect.3. when holing, plays by the top rock drill stability action.4. when working, whole rock drills play stability and the security effect that strengthens development machine.5. full unit is placed thereafter during explosion, play the shield effect, protection equipment also makes equipment need not withdraw working face in periodic duty, thereby improves the rate of utilization of work hour greatly.
(2) this programme structure brief introduction: see Fig. 9
This programme is formed a gantry frame structure by movable shield and hydraulic prop on creeper truck.Height can be suitably adjusted at gantry.This structure is done as a whole, can be on the creeper truck slide rail certain interval in before and after slip, correct position for you to choose.In the space in gantry, a rock drill fixed frame is set.This framework is independent whole as one, can slide front and back on another slide rail of creeper truck.When this framework slided to bore position forward, its left and right sides and bottom are released by hydraulic cylinder can supply the fixedly framework of rock drill; To solve the Drilling problem of bottom and group's eye.The rock drill that whole framework is arranged is with all boring problems that solve except that big gun hole, top, tunnel.Arrange on the framework that rock drilling board number can be according to tunnel actual conditions and the increase and decrease of explosion needs.
As desire to make this development machine more to simplify, and can suitably reduce rock drilling board number, take the secondary blasting method.A slotting and bottom hole explosion, slag tap and upper bore, explosion operation simultaneously in the bottom then.
On the creeper truck electrical equipment, hydraulic pressure etc. other be provided with and all be located at the creeper truck rear end.
This programme also can be easy-to-dismount combined type and bores quick-fried machine.The gantry that soon is made of movable shield and hydraulic prop separates with development machine, is supported in the both sides, tunnel separately.Protect top and Drilling apical pore by supporting.And only establish more than one rock drill fixed frame on the development machine, still can before and after slide rail, slide.And finish other boring work except that top boring.Development machine then can be movable in proper range under the portal frame.All brills, quick-fried electrical equipment hydraulic control still concentrate on the development machine.Portal frame can be advanced by development machine.
4 full section vertical bore quick-fried machine continuously.
In vertical, the mechanization drill bursting technology can with existing multi-arm umbrella shape rock drilling suspension bracket, combinations such as annular rock drilling suspension bracket.Realize boring, fill out, block up, quick-fried automation, can reach effect than the more excellent benefit of existing technology.
＜three〉mechanization drill bursting technology and other breaking technique for rock integration scenario.
A. waterpower is bored quick-fried integration scenario
1 waterpower is bored quick-fried helldriver.
The gallery scheme:
(1) brief introduction:
This programme essence is a water conservancy, the quick-fried combined-breaking rock new technology of brill.The proposition of this programme is because the simple broken rock of water conservancy that relies on, concerning China: reach aspects such as technology, material technically and all still can not reach a standard, but adopt the drilling and blasting method pre-splitting blasting, waterpower secondary auxiliary rock, then can reduce the hydraulic pressure requirement greatly, reduce the requirement of hydraulic set greatly, make it to implement to become possibility in China at aspects such as technology, material, technologies.
(2) some problem that must solve:
This association, what at first need solve is protection question.Promptly when the working face explosion, do not allow unit to withdraw.Therefore, must solve the protection question that bores quick-fried system and water jet system.The described mode of protecting, the shield formula structure of picking up of chapter is fit to this programme fully before this paper.This structure is light, simple, flexible, reasonable, reliable, space availability ratio is high and a shield is used more.This shield mode is promptly established supporting and the rock drill slide rail is located on this supporting bottom surface as described above on unit top.This supporting can be within the specific limits about, seesaw.Like this, when rock drill was holed, rimrock was supported in this supporting; Work the top effect of protecting.And the stability of assurance rock drill and unit.Simultaneously because of making track chassis with supporting.Therefore, the top, tunnel is easy to intensive layout rock drilling board number, helps improving blasting efficiency.Before tunnel blasting, supporting is put down, be the shielding of shield formula as figure.During explosion, then unit can place working face safely.Before and after 82 years, the Britain colliery was not once withdrawn the invention of blasting work face with personnel and was caused a sensation.This programme adopts this protection then can make whole unit when explosion, and safety is in working face and need not withdraws.
(3) result and operation principle:
This unit " bores quick-fried part " and all adopts " mechanization drill bursting technology ".The industrial general parts of all the other whole use standards.
Water jet system:, make rock stone completely lose intrinsic mechanical-physical character because working procedure is at first once given with drilling and blasting method and split explosion.Then with the broken rock of water jet secondary, Luo Yan, Cheng Xiang.This operating pressure to water jet requires greatly to reduce.Can estimate in sedimentary rock, to have only, adopt 300kg/cm through after the effective fragmentation
2The water jet device of pressure promptly can reach desirable rock breaking efficiency fully.And 300kg/cm
2The hydraulic set of pressure, in the existing successful examples of China, can be for directly adopting (on April 16th, 83, assist the high-pressure water jet driving device of development by units such as Kailuan Mining Affairs Bureau and Chinese ore deposit institute and collieries, Xingtai, test successfully opening under the coal mine of Luan) this waterpower driving device, can be located at driving prow centre.When explosion, make shield can all protect hydraulic set, and rock drill, water conservancy equipment be taken their own roads do not disturb mutually.After explosion, shield at first lifts and drops back.At this moment, the development machine head process goes out waterpower driving device, the broken rock of beginning water jet secondary.Broken bulk, Luo Yan, Cheng Xiang, slag-tapping system moved simultaneously, slagged tap simultaneously this moment.Slag tap and then circulate after finishing next time.Here worth prompting is, after big gun hole loading is finished, and the delay detonator that is adopted, its delay time must be enough.Promptly necessarily require blasting cap initiation, after shielding work is finished, carry out.So just can guarantee the safety (not being subjected to the damage of slungshot and shock wave) of unit.
In igneous rock, after presplit blasting, if adopt 1000～2000kg/cm
2The high-pressure water jet driving device of pressure then can satisfy in the rock gangway of any hardness, the requirement of consumption driving at the bottom of the high speed.And 2000kg/cm
2The water jet device of pressure is that China's existing level is accessible equally.The seventies, one innings of China's iron and ore deposit, Xi'an institute promptly developed 2000～6000kg/cm
2The waterpower development machine.Though failed during test run at that time, mainly be the stability that not can solve equipment self.In today of the eighties, we only get its lower limit 2000kg/cm
2Pressure is just enough.Therefore, drilling and blasting method and 2000kg/cm
2The waterpower helldriver of pressure, same, no matter technically, all be that the existing level of China can reach on technology and the material.Also can adopt the water jet system (water under high pressures of 700 crust) of China from the RH-25 type development machine of the band high pressure fine jet of Britain's introduction to make it to bore quick-fried system synthesis utilization in addition with mechanization.
(4) superiority:
This unit has light and flexible, end consumption, efficient.Full mechanization, automation can realize the manipulation of remote control and computer.Can tackle various hard rocks effectively at an easy rate.Owing to, integrate creatively with drilling and blasting method and hydraulic drilling technical tie-up operation.The notion that fire runs counter to so one turns one's coat has greatly improved driving speed, cuts down the consumption of energy, and because of hydraulic pressure is greatly reduced, thereby make aspects such as Hydraulic Power System material, parts, manufacturing process processing be simplification.Simultaneously has desirable successional mechanization drill bursting technology because of having adopted.Therefore make this programme keep the characteristic of hydraulic drilling continuity rope.In addition, because the attached rock that helps brokenly of waterpower is arranged, thereby can suitably reduce rock drilling board number, and can come regular roadway shape by waterpower.
Waterpower, bore quick-fried, mechanically combining development machine
(1) brief introduction:
This programme is the RH-25 type development machine with the band high pressure fine jet of mechanization drill bursting technology and Britain's introduction, the complex art of combined-breaking rock, and essence is the complex art by drilling and blasting method, water jet and cutter patterning method three associating.
The RH-25 type digging implement characteristics of band high-pressure water jet are: 1. cutting head motor power (output) 82KW, because with the high-pressure water jets of 700 crust, thereby the continuous power that makes cutting motor improves the cut energy relatively than not with the increase by 50% of water jet.But but following coal, half coal petrography and the soft rock of cut f=8 only.2. dust-laying effect is remarkable.The water under high pressure of 700 crust penetrates from the nozzle of 16 0.4 mm dias of toothholder.Fogging degree is very good, forms water curtain one, can save a depositing dust blower fan.3. wide accommodation.Development machine can be on ± 140 ° base plate cut 6～25.8m
2Rectangle, trapezoidal, arched tunnel.
By above RH～25 type development machine characteristics 1. in this machine as can be known, can not be more than f=9 than tunneling in the hard rock.Therefore if the mechanization drill bursting technology is added, this machine is tunneled in the rock of any hardness.And can reach efficient economic purpose of tunneling.
(2) structure and operation principle:
RH-25 type development machine is carried out appropriate reconstruction, copy, give and arrange suitable rock drilling board number and movable protector on the development machine unit as preceding each scheme.Working procedure at first by the broken rock of drilling and blasting method, also slag tap simultaneously then by water jet and cutter cut auxiliary rock.
3. the quick-fried development machine of hydrauger
(1) brief introduction: this programme is by waterpower, the complex art of spiral blasting procedure and mechanization drill bursting technology.
(2) structure: utilize the form of spiral drilling and blasting method and adopt mechanization to bore quick-fried combined unit and high-pressure hydraulic system.
(3) operation principle: at first bore the explosion rock, then water jet auxiliary rock, Luo Yan, regular tunnel.
4. water jet and spiral drilling and blasting method vertical helldriver scheme:
(1) brief introduction:
This programme system is with 300 or 300～2000kg/cm
2The rock breaking by water jet system of pressure and spiral blasting procedure vertical schemes synthesis technology.
(2) structure, operation principle:
Adopt existing high-pressure water jet driving device, and it is installed on the crossbeam of fixing rock drill guide rail.Its work characteristics is: after explosion, utilize the regular tunnel of waterpower, the rock that falls, broken bulk.
5. water jet and umbrella shape annular rock drilling suspension bracket comprehensive driving technology:
(1) brief introduction:
This programme is to bore the umbrella shape that quick-fried system forms, the vertical mole that annular rock drilling suspension bracket combines with water jet system with by mechanization.
(2) structure:
But high-pressure water jet is tunneled apparatus water jet secondary auxiliary rock, Cheng Xiang after umbrella shape rock drilling suspension bracket is taken in explosion.
Quick-fried associating tunneling program is bored in B, mechanization
Preface:
In nearly decades, both at home and abroad in the rock tunnel engineering, cost-effective broken rock still from not drilling and blasting method.But the efficient of drilling and blasting method, speed can not satisfy the situation requirement, and the development machine of certain driving speed, can't tunnel by economical and efficient in hard rock again.These two kinds of methods are used comparatively extensive in China.If according to China's characteristics this two method is integrated, then the overall merit that it showed will substantially exceed the two characteristic separately.
1. quick-fried helldriver is bored in full section mechanization:
(1) brief introduction:
New technology by mechanization drill bursting technology and full face rock tunnel boring machine combined-breaking rock.This machine also has the advantage that can directly make shield with cutterhead and cutter except that the advantage with aforementioned all kinds of schemes.Though this machine is heavy, cost is high, resettlement is bothersome, turning curvature is big.But in long straight tunnel, tunnel.As subway, get down the highway, in the engineering such as underground water tunnel, people's air defense facility and ground rail road, seabed tunnel and other excavation technology compare, its economy is very remarkable.It is the best engineering equipment that descends on a large scale in the integration engineering.The proposition of this programme is because full face rock tunnel boring machine has many fairly obvious weakness.Mainly be: energy consumption is big, cutter bearing wear problem is serious.Can't cost-effective work in hard rock.Therefore and drilling and blasting method in conjunction with after, this programme is with some problem more than the very good solution.
(2) structure and operation principle:
This programme is on the basis of full face rock tunnel boring machine, through after the appropriate reconstruction, adds " quick-fried system is bored in mechanization ".Because of having adopted drilling and blasting method, so development machine cutterhead, drive motors can reduce 1/2 at least.Cutter also can reduce in a large number.So can being provided, enough spaces arrange the rock drilling board number of right quantity.The rock drill in Drilling rock gangway periphery big gun hole equally can be prefabricated with guide rail, or be installed in and protect the top and support.Move after each system and device such as the electrical equipment of development machine, hydraulic pressure, water route, pressure wind is all suitable, with vacating space, arrange the rock drill fixed frame, and slide before and after making it on the fuselage slide rail.This framework will be installed the rock drill in big gun hole, many bench drill cutter middle parts.See Figure 10, Figure 11.
During work, at first framework along slide rail to front slide.Make the guide rail front end pass cutterhead width of cloth bar neutral and prop up rock gangway.Cutterhead is controlled by positioner, makes guide rail just in time pass through cutterhead width of cloth bar neutral when scar advances.After guide rail put in place, rock drill was started working.All brills, defeated, stifled, quick-fried program is ditto described.But framework need be return before the explosion and make the rock drill recession, and make cutterhead rotation predetermined angular, the place screens with thick neutral, with the protection rock drilling equipment.The standing form is taked in explosion, only destroys rock mechanism, has not made it big displacement, uses the cutter auxiliary rock after the explosion again, slags tap simultaneously.
2. the quick-fried associating rock ripper of part section power auger:
(1), brief introduction:
The complete quick-fried associating scar of section power auger development machine, because it is the fuselage heaviness is huge, solid short and change and use both inconveniences in the more mine working in tunnel length, uneconomical again.For this reason, the quick-fried helldriver scheme of part section power auger is proposed.This programme is the complex art that the mechanization drill bursting technology is combined with partial-size tunneling machine.Since little, in light weight, the light and flexible of partial-size tunneling machine volume, and be applicable to down-hole, mine driving, and owing to adopted drilling and blasting method, having solved partial-size tunneling machine again can not be at 400kg/cm simultaneously
2The problem of economic driving in the rock stratum of above hardness.Therefore this programme provides flexible, and can be at the new equipment of hard rock high speed economy driving.
(2), structure and operation principle such as Figure 12
Structure and operation principle that this programme bores quick-fried combination machine with waterpower are approximate.Difference is by adopting the pick cylinder, the Yan Chengxiang that falls, regular tunnel, broken bulk behind the once broken rock of drilling and blasting method.Form of covering and rock drill arrange that all being same as waterpower bores quick-fried helldriver.When explosion, movable shield is wanted and cylinder all can be protected.After the explosion, cylinder cuts and slags tap and carry out simultaneously.
3. the quick-fried combination drilling machine of vertical power auger:
(1), brief introduction:
The vertical trepan when the Drilling shaft of vertical well and the gallery full face rock tunnel boring machine to encounter problems be same.Promptly in hard rock, can't economical and effective tunnel, have the problem of serious wear such as cutter, bearing equally.As will effectively addressing these problems, and accelerate sinking rate.Then only need to adopt the vertical trepan is bored quick-fried system combined complex art with mechanization.Can meet the demands.
(2), structure and operation principle:
This device is by quick-fried device of mechanization automatic drill and vertical drilling well combined unit, all full section drill burst rock ripper roughly the same.But form such as Figure 13 such as the fixing employing of rock drill umbrella hanging box frame.
4. vertical wellbore construction and drilling and blasting method integration of operation scheme
Brief introduction: this programme should be used for major diameter shaft construction (is example with φ 9m diameter).
(1), available spiral drilling and blasting method adopts this mechanization to bore quick-fried system digging.Digging φ 3m diameter pit shaft is slagged tap with grab loader.
(2), still adopt spiral blasting procedure or the reaming forward or backwards of multi-arm umbrella shape suspension bracket.The aperture can be expanded to 7～8m, slags tap with grab loader.
(3), use the reaming of φ 9m rig to φ 9m at last.
5. bore quick-fried impact type helldriver
(1), brief introduction: the combined unit that bores quick-fried system and impact type tunnel boring machine by mechanization.
(2), operation principle:
At first to bore quick-fried presplitting rock, with the ballistic method rock that falls, become the lane, and slag tap simultaneously again.
Each high gear high speed driving technology integration scenario of C, mechanization drill bursting technology and the world
1 with external 2000 kilograms/(centimetre)
2The high-pressure water jet development machine combined unit that pressure is above.
2 with the attached combined unit that helps the broken rock development machine of cutter of external high-pressure water jet.(3000 kilograms/(centimetre)
2With upward pressure).
＜four〉each scheme of solid explosive:
Described each scheme is liquid (liquid, breast) explosive before the preface, this section.The utilization of this section monograph solid explosive in mechanization drill bursting technology and complex art thereof.And the scheme of employing solid explosive then can adopt bullet and emitter apparatus in comrade Dong Ping and my the common wind bullet drill bursting technology of developing.Because of existing specially literary composition, the place of consolidating repeats no more.The bullet drawing is postponed, and transmitter is as figure.This system is long because of bullet 2m, Gu be filled with difficulty automatically, the work continuity is bad, so this section proposes following scheme.
1. the long bullet of 2m is cut into four joints, the long 500mm of every joint.The equal blasting charge of preceding 3 joints, the 4th joint is for igniting and blocking device, and every joint can PEF be a shell.
2. storage ereisma part also can adopt gear, runner form except that adopting the aforementioned manner.Runner length is not less than 500mm.It is every saving tube length degree.The explosive cylinder is loaded in first, second and third hole of runner respectively.The 4th hole dress stops up apparatus to cause bursting.When in rock gangway big gun hole, carrying dynamite container, runner revolution one hole site advances the big gun hole by the rock drill drill steel with a joint cartridge case, and runner changes four times, then drill steel saves the dynamite container and the stifled quick-fried device that are total to 2m length with four four times successively and all pushes the big gun hole, finishes the medicine obstruction work of filling out.Two place's recesses are arranged, position when holing on the runner for rock drill.
3. every trifle cartridge case and obstruction apparatus to cause bursting.Automatically the mode that pushes in the runner hole still can adopt foregoing pipeline propulsion plant.In order 1,2,3,4 joints (the stifled quick-fried device of the 4th joint) are pushed in the runner automatically by pipeline hard, the flexible pipe handing-over, then realize loading automation, serialization fully, see the runner schematic diagram, Figure 15.The runner direction of rotation is a clockwise direction.Runner when being in recessed neutral gear position, the locking of pipeline propulsion plant.Stop to advance cartridge case, recessed neutral place, top this moment can begin boring by bore bit.
4. obstruction apparatus to cause bursting:
Stop up, wired (coaxial latch) automatically controlled explosion is adopted in explosion.As previous mode, or remote control demolition.
5. explanation: this covering device can be used in described each scheme of liquid (liquid, breast) explosive, and making it becomes the comprehensive driving technology that adopts solid explosive, and every scheme is initiated equally.
Comprise 15 kinds of schemes altogether.
＜five〉static blasting scheme
Preface: the static blasting development speed, by former 300kg/cm
2Development its destructive power so far can reach 3 kilotons/cm
2, because of its fractured rock does not produce high temperature, gases at high pressure, smokeless, no slungshot, no shock wave, silent.So it is safe and reliable.Extremely rising on engineering, bore quick-fried each device as static blasting employing automatic and mechanical, then also can make it automatic, continuous.Very big because of its damage capability, so can reduce the specification requirement of power and each easily worn part of development machine greatly, can save unnecessary protective equipment, simplify unit greatly.
Brief introduction:
Static blasting can be adopted bullet mode (2m is long), and each recipe ingredient in the shell case then is respectively charged in the rectangular bag of several PEFs if be solid.So that be contained in jointly in the bullet but do not mix.After with the compressed air transmitter bullet being injected boring, with the microexplosion method component is oozed and to bring into play quiet quick-fried effect altogether.If two or more components of liquid phase and solid phase, in the body of then the solid phase medicament being packed into, the liquid phase medicament is packed into, and the PEF small container is interior to join with the microexplosion device, inserts in the solid phase components then.After bullet enters boring, blow small container with the microexplosion method, make the liquid-solid phase combination.
Quiet explosion is stopped up except that can adopting aforementioned several mode, also can adopt concrete to coagulate agent.(2～5 minutes is solidifiable) stops up, or utilizes the quiet quick-fried characteristics that expand gradually, adopts wedge shape to stop up method.Promote wedge by expansive force, the dead big gun of wedge hole in the wedging rock stern notch.
＜six〉static blasting and each scheme of dynamic explosion and quiet, moving comprehensive each scheme adopt the remote control demolition person, all can solve the driving problem in the gas tunnel.
＜seven〉about controlling the method for dose in the input big gun hole:
1 〉, preface:
Rock ripper before this section in the various schemes how along with formation hardness changes and the problem of change loading amount, will be solved in this section in headwork.
2 〉, the liquid explosive can adopt this programme:
Promptly before construction, at first in the rock gangway plane, scrutinize data, or axially make depth drill, take out rock sample and indicate each section of tunnel then in the drawings along the tunnel according to geology.Strata structure and formation hardness grade then can be obtained the required dose of this section explosion thus.So only need on roadway plan, to tell A, B, C, D ... section.And may examine data according to each section geology.Formation hardness grade etc. converses the required explosive charge of each section.Then can program.By computer control meter.When development machine enters that section, can be according to this section formation hardness, and determine to inject an amount of explosive to each boring.Also can be by Artificial Control.When development machine enters A section interval, personnel can be according to the formation hardness grade, and the control meter is imported suitable dose.When entering B section interval, personnel then can change with formation hardness, adjust meter to change the input dose.Thereby solved the problem that dose can not change with rock.
3 〉, solid explosive:
With bullet or every trifle cartridge case, how much be divided into according to its explosive payload: 1, II, III grade, and on bullet or cartridge case shell, mark.On the roadway opening plane, according to scrutinizing geologic information, formation hardness is told A, B, C ... each section, and determine each section and should select bullet or cartridge case grade for use.Like this, when development machine enters this section, then carry the bullet or the cartridge case of corresponding grade.Can change and the problem of respective change with formation hardness with regard to having solved the solid explosive amount like this.
4〉can employing sound, instrument or other technology such as light, electricity, magnetic, measure the density of tunnel rock, and the input computer, by the computer instruction meter, quantitatively supply medicine, then set up for dose and formation hardness and changed and the functional relation of variation.
＜eight〉revolving power mechanism:
In aforementioned every scheme, when rock drill boring back and when getting back to initial position, runner, reservoir or guide rail bracket must rotate predetermined angular just can make blanking plug or bullet, cartridge case align boring, and is pushed in the boring and goes.And in this rotating mechanism except that adopting oil motor, wind motor etc. to do the rotary power, this section still proposes a new rotary power scheme, or claims magnetic motor, magnetic force circulator.See principle Figure 16 and Figure 17.If this programme really can be realized, then can drive rock drill guide rail or reservoir and runner, do directed rotation.If can realize this programme, be to have realized magnetic engine actually.This magnetic force machine still can be realized magnetic energy, wind energy, luminous energy cogeneration machine except that being separately the engine.If this three energy cogeneration machine is united cooperation with diesel engine again, then become compensation each other.Power reliable natural energy with the function combined generating system arranged.Untenable as this magnetic engine principle, then the magnetic power apparatus that can adopt the U.S. to achieve success can be used as revolving power mechanism equally and becomes to form cogeneration machine and system.
The continuous page or leaf of specification
Among the figure: the 1-reservoir; 2 ,-transporting device (scheme I); 3 ,-hydraulic pusher; 4 ,-drill steel; 5 ,-hydraulic gate; 6 ,-guide rail; 7 ,-the oil motor drive unit; I ,-big gun centerline hole; II-blanking plug center line of discharge; 8 ,-compensation propelling spring (or replace with hydraulic cylinder); 9 ,-guide rail; 10 ,-drill steel; 11 ,-hydraulic gate; 12 ,-reservoir; 13 ,-air slot; 14 ,-electric wire; 15 ,-infusion administering catheter; 16 ,-plug; 19 ,-coaxial plug; 18 ,-sealing ring; 17 ,-hook; 20 ,-the blanking plug shell; 22 ,-detonator; 23 ,-scalable rubber bag tank; 24 ,-the liquid channel of explosive; 25 ,-coaxial socket; 26 ,-detonator payment to a porter (electric lead); 21 ,-non-return sprue; 27 ,-spring; 28 ,-hook; 29 ,-electric lead; 31 ,-coaxial plug; 30 ,-conduction propelling head; 32 ,-stemming; 33 ,-the detonator payment to a porter; 34 ,-detonator; 35 ,-explosive; 37 ,-backboard; 41 ,-the ignition fire hole; 36 ,-coaxial socket; 37 ,-front apron; 38 ,-the wedge shape sprue; 39 ,-cartridge case; 40 ,-pull bar; 42 ,-cartridge case; 43, explosive; 45 ,-jacking block; 44 ,-spring; 48 ,-rotating shaft; 47 ,-blanking plug (or cartridge case) conveyance conduit; 46 ,-blanking plug or cartridge case reservoir; 49 ,-blanking plug release mouth; 50 ,-blanking plug (or stopping up apparatus to cause bursting); 51 ,-the transporting device; 52 ,-drill steel; 53 ,-counterbalance spring (or oil cylinder); 54 ,-shield formula protection (or movable shield); 55 ,-boring, loading, obstruction, ignition combined unit; 56 ,-bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit fixed frame; 57 ,-cutter; 58 ,-cutterhead; 59 ,-protect and push up and support; The 60-drive motor; 61, combined unit is ignited in-boring, loading, obstruction; 62 ,-brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit fixed frame; 63 ,-dust catcher; 64 ,-scraper bowl; 65 ,-moving belt; 66 ,-cutter; 67-cutterhead operating mechanism; 69 ,-the dedusting air duct; 70 ,-horizontal support; 71 ,-rubber conveyer; 72 ,-scraper bowl; 68,73 ,-preceding support; 74 ,-motor and reduction box; 75 ,-boring, loading, obstruction, ignition combined unit; 76 ,-bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit fixed frame; 77 ,-pick cylinder; 78 ,-section bar; 79, the protection of-shield formula; 80 ,-electrical equipment; Hydraulic system; 81 ,-chain mat machine; 82 ,-adhesive tape elevating conveyor (or conveyer belt); 83 ,-loader mechanism; 84 ,-traveling crawler car; 85 ,-hobboing cutter; 86 ,-cutterhead; 87 ,-shaft coupling; 88 ,-axle; 89 ,-hob head; 90 ,-umbrella multi-arm drilling cramp; 91 ,-bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit; (or quick-fried device is bored in mechanization); 92 ,-give and boxing out; 95 ,-runner; 96 ,-runner shaft; 100 ,-drill steel; The 97-cartridge case; 98 ,-blanking plug; 99 ,-cartridge case and blanking plug conveyance conduit; 114 ,-permanent magnet; 115 ,-stator; 116 ,-rotor; 117 ,-axle; 118 ,-permanent magnetic strip; 119 ,-the diamagnetism metal.
Fig. 1, brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit schematic diagram (scheme I);
Fig. 2, brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit schematic diagram (scheme II);
Fig. 3, transporting device schematic diagram;
Fig. 4, the blanking plug schematic diagram;
Fig. 5, the special-purpose conduction of solid explosive propeller schematic diagram;
Fig. 6, the special-purpose blanking plug schematic diagram of solid explosive;
Fig. 7, the cartridge case schematic diagram;
Fig. 8, solid, liquid explosive scheme, blanking plug reservoir schematic diagram;
Fig. 9, full section bores quick-fried development machine scheme schematic diagram continuously;
Figure 10, the quick-fried associating rock ripper of power auger schematic diagram;
Figure 11, the quick-fried associating rock ripper of power auger schematic diagram;
Figure 12, the quick-fried development machine scheme of part section power auger schematic diagram;
Figure 13, the quick-fried combination drilling machine of vertical power auger;
Figure 14, the quick-fried combination drilling machine of vertical power auger;
Figure 15, solid explosive scheme runner schematic diagram;
Figure 16, magnetic force circulator stator schematic diagram;
Figure 17, magnetic force circulator conceptual scheme.
Claims (33)
1, quick-fried system is bored in a kind of mechanization, is to adopt existing guide tracked hydraulic gate (many) and be located on the suitable creeper truck, it is characterized in that:
A, form " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " [55] by transporting device [2], reservoir [1], propeller [3], blanking plug (or cartridge case) conveyance conduit [47] and guide tracked hydraulic gate [5].
B, this transporting device [2] scheme I have power transmission line [14] to draw from coaxial plug [19] tail end, and infusion administering catheter [15] communicates with loading passage in the plug, and plug [16] is provided with sealing ring [18].
C, this transporting device [51] scheme II are to increase hook [17] device on the basis of scheme I.
D, this reservoir [1] have blanking plug or cartridge case reservoir (or bunker) [46].In bunker [46], be provided with spring [44] and jacking block [45].Bunker [46] axial centre has rotating shaft [48], and the outer end of bunker [46] stretches out blanking plug and releases mouthful [a 49] pipe, and the other end stretches out rotating shaft [48] and blanking plug conveyance conduit [47].Rotating shaft [48] and spring [8] or hydraulic compensating device and rotating mechanism (not shown) join, and device is on guide rail [9].
E, this propeller [3] advance transporting device [2] (scheme 1) are installed on the termination.
F, this blanking plug pipeline transporter [47] are the pipelines that alternately is connected by flexible pipe and hard tube, and one end and bunker [46] join.Can be continuously with in blanking plug [50] the input bunker [46].
G, should " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " [55] scheme I, guide rail [6] is that whole structural scheme I or guide rail [9] are combined member scheme II with reservoir [12] with reservoir [1].
2, according to claim 1. described " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55), it is characterized in that can many being installed on the fixed frame (56) of a creeper truck.
3, according to claim 1. described " bore, " block up " in defeated, stifled, the quick-fried combined unit (55) be blanking plug (50) (liquid explosive scheme usefulness); it is characterized in that this blanking plug (50) scheme 1; loading passage (24) is arranged; can carry emulsus liquid explosive; the pressure liquid is pushed backstop open and can be pressed into the big gun hole during loading; injection rear spring (27) is pushed up back non-return sprue (21), coaxial socket (25), electric lead (26), can connect with external power, with wired electric initiation detonator (22).
4, it is characterized in that according to " blocking up " the promptly stifled blanking plug in the claim 1. described " brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit ": this blanking plug (scheme II) is on scheme I basis, increase " scalable rubber bag tank " (23), so promptly can be used in the liquid explosives.
5, according to claim 3. and 4. described blanking plugs (50), be on the structure of claim 3.4., to increase twist button battery (and make its airtight) and remote-receiver, then can be used in the remote control demolition.
6, according to the blanking plug (98) (solid explosive scheme) in the claim 1. described " boring; defeated; stifled; quick-fried combined unit ", it is characterized in that this blanking plug (98) is on the basis of liquid explosive with blanking plug (50), increase front apron (37), backboard (37), connect with pull bar (40) in the middle of two baffle plates, pull bar (a 40) cartridge case of overcoat (39), adorn an amount of explosive (35) and 1 to 2 detonator (34) in the cartridge case (39), the outer wedge shape sprue (38) that also overlaps of pull bar (40), the interior filling stemming (32) of cavity between two baffle plates (37) and (37) will bore two and ignite fire holes (41) before and after the blanking plug (98) near backboard (37) center.
7, promptly conduct electricity propeller according to the described propeller of claim 1. described " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit ", be used for the solid explosive scheme.It is characterized in that: by hook (28), electric lead (29), coaxial plug (31), conduction advances head compositions such as (30).This propeller is except that no infusion administering catheter (15) loading passage, and all the other operation principles are all with transporting device (51).
8, quick-fried system is bored in described mechanization according to claim 1., make it the quick-fried development machine of auger that combines with the spiral drilling and blasting method, it is characterized in that: the devices such as boring, loading, obstruction, explosion that on the basis of the quick-fried development machine of auger, replace former unit with several covers " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " (55).
9, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and is made it spiral drilling and blasting method vertical scheme with the associated working of vertical spiral drilling and blasting method according to claim 1., it is characterized in that replacing at vertical the device such as boring, loading, obstruction, explosion of former unit.
10, described mechanization bores that quick-fried system makes it and quick-fried chassis is bored in the rock drilling of drill jumbo associated working continuously according to claim 1., it is characterized in that on drill jumbo full section or part section arrange many covers " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55), replace the rock drilling equipment on the former chassis.
11, quick-fried system is bored in described mechanization according to claim 1., make it the full section that combines with jumbo loader and bore quick-fried development machine continuously, it is characterized in that full section or part section on the jumbo loader arrange many covers " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55) replaces the rock drilling equipment on the former jumbo loader.
12, according to the described driving unit of claim 10.11., it is characterized in that setting up shield formula protection (54) thereon, go up device or reserve rock drill guide rail fixed mechanism in shield formula protection (54).
13, according to the described shield formula protection of claim 12. (54), it is characterized in that: go up device compensation propelling spring (or oil cylinder) (53) in shield formula protection (54).
14, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and is made it the full section vertical that integrates with vertical umbrella shape, annular rock drilling suspension bracket and bore quick-fried machine continuously according to claim 1., it is characterized in that on described umbrella shape, annular rock drilling suspension bracket, setting up some covers " brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " (55), replace original rock drilling equipment.
15, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and high pressure water jet and is united the waterpower of utilization and bore quick-fried helldriver according to claim 1., it is characterized in that will " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55) and high-pressure water jet driving device all be installed on the standard creeper truck, and set up the shield formula and protect (54) on creeper truck.
16, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and waterpower and the broken rock of cutter cut and is united the waterpower of utilization, bores quick-fried, mechanically combining development machine according to claim 1., it is characterized in that " brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55); tunnel apparatus on the rock ripper that cutter cuts with waterpower, and establish shield formula protection (54).
17, the quick-fried development machine of hydrauger that quick-fried system makes it to unite with hydraulic drilling, spiral drilling and blasting method utilization is bored in described mechanization according to claim 1., it is characterized in that on the quick-fried development machine of auger, set up waterpower driving device and " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55), and shield formula protection (54) is set.
18, water jet and the spiral drilling and blasting method vertical helldriver that quick-fried system makes it to unite with waterpower, spiral drilling and blasting method utilization bored in described mechanization according to claim 1., it is characterized in that with waterpower tunnel device with " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55), be located on the quick-fried machine of vertical auger.
19, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and is made it and the water jet of waterpower, umbrella shape, the associated working of annular rock drilling suspension bracket and umbrella shape, annular rock drilling suspension bracket vertical scheme according to claim 1., it is characterized in that with waterpower tunnel device and " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55), all be installed on umbrella shape, the annular rock drilling suspension bracket.
20, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and is made it the quick-fried helldriver of full section power auger with the full face rock tunnel boring machine associated working according to claim 1., it is characterized in that some covers brills, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55) are installed on the full face rock tunnel boring machine.
21, described mechanization bores that quick-fried system makes it and the quick-fried helldriver of part section power auger of part section rock ripper integrated use according to claim 1., it is characterized in that some covers brills, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55), be installed on the partial-size tunneling machine, and shield formula protection (79) is set.
22, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and is made it and external 2000kg/cm according to claim 1.
2Above high-pressure water jet complex art is characterized in that external high-voltage water jet device and " brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " (55) are installed on the creeper truck, and establish shield formula protection (54).
23, described mechanization is bored quick-fried system and is made it and external high-pressure water jet and the attached helldriver that helps the broken rock of cutter according to claim 1., it is characterized in that with external high-voltage water jet device and " bore, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit (55) all is located on the rock ripper, and establishes shield formula protection (79).
24,, it is characterized in that runner (95), cartridge case (97), stop up trigger (98) and hydraulic gate composition " brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " (55) according to the device that is applicable to the solid explosive scheme in the claim 1. described " brill, defeated, stifled, quick-fried combined unit " (55).
25, according to the described runner of claim 24. (95), it is characterized in that radially boring on the described runner (95) 8 holes, the aperture is slightly larger than cartridge case (97) and the wedging formula is stopped up trigger (98) external diameter.
26, according to the described combined unit of claim 24., the method for work that it is characterized in that carrying, storing cartridge case and blanking plug.
27, can be according to the described device of claim 24. with other various driving technology combinations, form to adopt the comprehensive breaking technique for rock of solid explosive, it is characterized in that with " bore, blanking plug (or cartridge case) bunker (46) in defeated, stifled, the quick-fried combined unit (55) is changed to runner (95).
28, described mechanization bores that quick-fried system makes it and static blasting technological synthesis utilization scheme according to claim 1., it is characterized in that the static blasting medicament can be loaded in the long bullet of about 2M.Each solid for mulation component in the body is respectively charged in the rectangular bag of several PEFs, and shoots in the body altogether; To the quiet quick-fried component of liquid phase and solid phase composition, in then one or more solid phase medicaments were packed body into, the liquid phase medicament was loaded in the PEF small container.More than two types all in polyethylene bag or container, install remote control, or wired automatically controlled micro-explosion device.Bullet is injected boring with the compressed air transmitter, or pushes boring with the rock drill drill steel.Quiet quick-fried obstruction can adopt mechanization to bore several modes in the dynamic explosion of quick-fried system, and also available fast hardening concrete stops up, and also available quiet quick-fried expansive force promotes wedge, the dead big gun of wedge hole in the wedging dovetail groove.
29, according to the described integrated use scheme of claim 28., make it with dynamically explosion and other technological synthesis it.It is characterized in that: when digging gallery or vertical, can be at the roadway center with major diameter (φ 0.3～1M) deep hole drilling well machine drill cutter centre bore (slotting), more than the hole depth 10M, around the centre bore the complete quiet quick-fried big gun of section Drilling hole (more than the dark 10M) and launch quiet quick-fried bullet then, or inject quiet quick-fried medicament (when injecting, mixing each component medicament), treat to adopt again after the quiet explosion the auxiliary or impact type of cutter, or waterpower and other mode auxiliary rock and slag tap.
Also can closely enclose at centre bore and adopt dynamic explosion, peripheral employing is quiet quick-fried, or unites the alternate manner auxiliary rock again, regular tunnel.
30, according to claim 1～29 described each comprehensive unit and scheme, make it whole automation schemes, it is characterized in that adopting remote control, Numeric Control Technology.
31, according to described each unit of claim 30. and scheme, make it to set up at work the method for rock density and loading flow function relation, it is characterized in that to scrutinize data according to geology to the liquid explosive, in developing figure, indicate the rock texture and the hardness level of each section of tunnel, can calculate the required dose of this section explosion thus, so only need on roadway plan, tell A, B, C, D ... section, and may examine data according to each geology, formation hardness grade etc. converses the required explosive charge of each section, then can import computer, digital control meter device, but also Artificial Control, when development machine enters certain section, then determine to inject an amount of explosive to each boring according to this district's rock.
To solid explosive,, can how much be divided into I, II, III grade according to explosive payload, and on bullet or cartridge case shell, mark bullet or every trifle cartridge case.On the roadway opening plane, according to scrutinizing geologic information, formation hardness is told A, B, C ... each section.Determine each section again and should select bullet or medicine letter grade for use, make it corresponding one by one.
Can adopt instrument or other technology such as sound such as ultrasonic wave, sonar and light, electricity, magnetic, measure the head on density of rock of tunnel at random, and the input computer, medicine quantitatively supplied by the computer instruction meter.
32, the revolving power mechanism that quick-fried system should be provided with runner (95), reservoir or guide rail is bored in described mechanization according to claim 1., it is characterized in that: stator (115) is surrounded by 10 (or more polylith) permanent-magnet blocks (114) and forms, every permanent-magnet block (114) has the magnetic direction of regulation, each magnet piece (114) requires the magnetic direction unanimity, and magnetic field intensity equates.
Rotor (116) two ends are made of diamagnetism metal (119) respectively, and its inside is bumped into two permanent magnetic strips (118), and rotor (116) two top magnetic stripes (118) are appeared.
Rotor (116) and axle (117) are fixed on stator (115) center.
33, according to the described revolving power mechanism of claim 32., can form the comprehensive energy engine with other energy, it is characterized in that and to form the cogeneration machine with wind energy, luminous energy, magnetic energy, wind energy, solar energy can also be constituted jointly comprehensive generating system with diesel engine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102321 CN85102321A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Comprehensive rock-breaking technique for rock tunnel engineering |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102321 CN85102321A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Comprehensive rock-breaking technique for rock tunnel engineering |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85102321A true CN85102321A (en) | 1987-11-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85102321 Pending CN85102321A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Comprehensive rock-breaking technique for rock tunnel engineering |
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| CN106194193A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | The auxiliary excavation method of a kind of group hole, big cross section vertical shaft non-explosion large aperture |
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| CN106884662A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-23 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method of laser assisted rock tunnel(ling) machine and its broken rock |
| CN107355230A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-17 | 刘国勇 | Gantry rock drilling driving chassis |
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| CN109488308A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-19 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Rich water condensation grey matter slate tunnel surpasses owes to dig control lofting device |
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| CN112196545A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Hob-free hard rock tunneling machine for breaking rock by utilizing laser and high-pressure air jet |
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1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN 85102321 patent/CN85102321A/en active Pending
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| CN109488308A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-19 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Rich water condensation grey matter slate tunnel surpasses owes to dig control lofting device |
| CN109372507B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2023-10-20 | 张永利 | Hydraulic fracturing device and directional splitting and expanding fracturing method thereof |
| CN109372507A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-02-22 | 张永利 | A kind of hydraulic swelling device and its orientation split swollen fracturing method |
| CN109506534A (en) * | 2018-12-22 | 2019-03-22 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | A kind of device for drill jumbo dynamite charge |
| CN110107219A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-09 | 广州煌牌自动设备有限公司 | A kind of rock drilling impact gun |
| CN110259478A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-20 | 中亿丰建设集团股份有限公司 | It is a kind of can secondary detritus slurry pipe-jacking machine |
| CN110259478B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2024-03-22 | 中亿丰建设集团股份有限公司 | Muddy water push bench capable of crushing rocks secondarily |
| CN111058857A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-24 | 武汉大学 | Drilling and blasting auxiliary rock breaking composite full-face tunnel boring machine cutter head system |
| CN111058857B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-08 | 武汉大学 | Drilling and blasting auxiliary rock breaking composite full-face tunnel boring machine cutter head system |
| CN112196545B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Hob-free hard rock tunneling machine for breaking rock by utilizing laser and high-pressure air jet |
| CN112196545A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Hob-free hard rock tunneling machine for breaking rock by utilizing laser and high-pressure air jet |
| CN111578801A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 李天北 | Drilling blasting type hard rock tunneling equipment |
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