CN210889939U - Speed change device for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Speed change device for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN210889939U CN210889939U CN201921783660.6U CN201921783660U CN210889939U CN 210889939 U CN210889939 U CN 210889939U CN 201921783660 U CN201921783660 U CN 201921783660U CN 210889939 U CN210889939 U CN 210889939U
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Abstract
A speed change device for an electric vehicle comprises a transmission shaft, a first gear, a second gear and a speed change component; the first gear is rotatably arranged at the right part of the transmission shaft, the left end surface of the transmission shaft is provided with a first ratchet, and the right end surface of the transmission shaft is provided with a second ratchet opposite to the arrangement direction of the first ratchet; a positioning component which is meshed with the second ratchet to rotate in a unidirectional way and is elastically pressed is arranged at the right part of the first gear; a third ratchet in the same arrangement direction as the second ratchet is arranged on the right end surface of the second gear; the speed changing assembly is positioned between the second gear and the first gear and comprises an adjusting assembly and a speed changing gear; the left end face of the speed change gear can be meshed with the third ratchet to rotate in a single direction, and the right end face of the speed change gear can be meshed with the first ratchet to rotate in a single direction; the speed change gear is circumferentially limited and slides on the transmission shaft from side to side. This speed change gear for electric motor car, simple structure is compact, realizes steadily shifting gears variable speed and reversing gear between no clutch and synchronous ware, avoids meshing between the gear to strike and causes the damage to the gear, safe and reliable more.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a derailleur field, concretely relates to speed change gear for electric motor car.
Background
The electric vehicle (mainly referring to an electric bicycle) takes a storage battery as an energy source, is driven by a motor without manpower for pedaling, saves labor, and has low noise, no waste gas and less pollution compared with the driving of an internal combustion engine such as a motorcycle and the like, so the electric vehicle is developed more quickly.
The electric vehicle can realize stable power output and realize different vehicle speeds through the change of the rotating speed of the motor; the traditional electric vehicle is not provided with a clutch and a synchronizer, when the speed changing and gear shifting are carried out, the gear with different tooth numbers is adjusted to be meshed with each other, the tooth number relation is changed to realize the rotation speed change, but when the speed changing and gear shifting are carried out, the gears are staggered and meshed again to generate strong impact on the gears, so that the transmission is not stable, and the gears are easily damaged; the addition of the clutch and the synchronizer causes excessive cost, excessive volume and change of the control driving mode of the electric vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a speed change gear for electric motor car, simple structure is compact, realizes power transmission's steady variable speed and reversal under the no clutch condition, and the guarantee is shifted and is reversed gear, avoids meshing between the gear to strike and causes the damage to the gear, safe and reliable more.
To achieve the above object, the transmission for an electric vehicle includes a transmission shaft, a first gear, a second gear, and a transmission assembly;
a third gear is fixedly arranged at the left part of the transmission shaft;
the first gear tooth count is greater than the second gear tooth count; the first gear is rotatably arranged at the right part and the left end surface of the transmission shaft and is provided with a first ratchet, the right end surface or the left end surface is provided with a second ratchet at the inner side of the first ratchet, and the arrangement directions of the first ratchet and the second ratchet are opposite;
the transmission shaft is provided with a positioning component which is meshed with the second ratchet to rotate in a one-way manner and elastically compresses the first gear;
the second gear wheel is rotatably arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft, a third ratchet is arranged on the right end face of the second gear wheel, and the arrangement direction of the third ratchet is the same as that of the second ratchet;
the speed change assembly is positioned between the second gear and the first gear and comprises an adjusting assembly and a speed change gear; the left end face of the speed change gear is provided with a ratchet which is meshed with the third ratchet for unidirectional rotation, and the right end face of the speed change gear is provided with a ratchet which is meshed with the first ratchet for unidirectional rotation;
the speed change gear is circumferentially limited and slides on the transmission shaft left and right through the adjusting assembly.
Further, the positioning assembly comprises a first supporting block, a first spring and a positioning block; the fixed ring is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft, the first supporting block is fixedly arranged between the fixed ring and the first gear, circular arc teeth are arranged on the outer side of the circumference, the positioning block is in circular arc engagement on the outer side of the first supporting block, one end face of the positioning block can be in one-way rotation with the engagement of the second ratchet, the first spring is sleeved on the first supporting block, one end of the first spring is in contact with the positioning block, and the other end of the first spring is in contact with the fixed ring and is in a compression.
Furthermore, the adjusting component comprises a shifting fork and a shifting fork rod, the shifting fork rod is arranged on the gearbox body in a left-right sliding mode, the upper end of the shifting fork is arranged on the upper end and the lower end of the shifting fork rod and is in movable contact with the outer side of the speed change gear, a support ring is fixedly arranged on the speed change gear and positioned on the right side of the shifting fork, and a second spring sleeved on the transmission shaft is arranged between the speed change gear and the first gear.
Furthermore, the upper end of the shifting fork is provided with a connecting hole, a positioning nail is arranged in the connecting hole to fix the shifting fork on the shifting fork rod, and the lower end of the shifting fork is of an arc structure matched with the excircle in the middle of the speed change gear.
Furthermore, a second supporting block is arranged between the speed change gear and the transmission shaft, the second supporting block is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft, and circular arc teeth are arranged on the circumference side and are in inner meshing connection with the speed change gear.
Furthermore, the first gear and the second gear are correspondingly meshed with a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel on the driving assembly, and the second driving wheel is meshed with an input gear on the input assembly; the third gear is meshed with an output gear on the output assembly.
Furthermore, the transmission shaft is provided with a spline which is arranged left and right, the second supporting block is arranged on the spline in a sliding mode, and the two ends of the second supporting block are fixed in a limiting mode through clamp springs.
Compared with the prior art, this speed change gear for electric motor car is owing to set up the variable speed subassembly, through the position of adjustment change gear, make it be in the middle part not with first gear, the meshing of second gear, move left with second gear meshing unidirectional rotation, move right with first gear meshing antiport, realize the effect that keeps off, keep off smooth-going variable speed adjustment of second gear and reverse gear of third gear on the transmission shaft, simple structure convenient operation avoids meshing between the gear to strike and causes the damage to the gear.
Due to the arrangement of the positioning assembly, the positioning block is elastically meshed with the first ratchet through the elastic force of the first spring, and the positioning block is automatically separated from the first ratchet when two gears and reverse gears are achieved by utilizing the rotation speed difference and the arrangement direction of the ratchets, so that the damage between a transmission shaft and the meshing caused by mutual interference during gear shifting is avoided;
because the speed change gear is in inner meshing connection with the second supporting block of the circular arc tooth, and the positioning block is in inner meshing connection with the first supporting block of the circular arc tooth, the speed change gear is smoother when moving left and right on the second supporting block for speed change, the positioning block is smoothly and elastically meshed with the first ratchet, and the meshing clearance adjustment between the positioning block and the first ratchet is realized, so that the gears are prevented from colliding with each other; this speed change gear for electric motor car, simple structure is compact, realizes power transmission's steady variable speed and reversal under the no clutch condition, and the guarantee is shifted gears and is reversed gear, avoids meshing between the gear to strike and causes the damage to the gear, safe and reliable more.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first gear of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an overall schematic view of the present invention (with the first gear removed);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a change gear of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the transmission system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the input assembly 21, the first transmission wheel 22, the second transmission wheel 31, the transmission shaft 311, the fixing ring 312, the first spring 313, the positioning block 314, the first supporting block 315, the third gear 32, the first gear 321, the first ratchet 322, the second ratchet 33, the second gear 331, the third ratchet 34, the speed changing gear 341, the second supporting block 35, the second spring 36, the shifting fork 37, the shifting fork rod 38, the supporting ring 4 and the output assembly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the transmission device for an electric vehicle includes a transmission shaft 31, a first gear 32, a second gear 33, and a transmission assembly;
a third gear 315 is fixedly arranged at the left part of the transmission shaft 31;
the number of teeth of the first gear 32 is greater than that of the second gear 33; the first gear 32 is rotatably mounted at the right part of the transmission shaft 31, the left end surface of the first gear 32 is provided with a first ratchet 321, the right end surface or the left end surface is provided with a second ratchet 322 at the inner side of the first ratchet 321, and the arrangement direction of the first ratchet 321 is opposite to that of the second ratchet 322;
the transmission shaft 31 is provided with a positioning component which is meshed with the second ratchet 322 to rotate in a unidirectional way and elastically compresses the first gear 32;
the second gear 33 is rotatably installed in the middle of the transmission shaft 31, and a third ratchet 331 is arranged on the right end surface of the second gear, and the arrangement direction of the third ratchet 331 is the same as that of the second ratchet 322;
the speed change assembly is positioned between the second gear 33 and the first gear 32 and comprises an adjusting assembly and a speed change gear 34; the left end face of the speed change gear 34 is provided with ratchets which are meshed with the third ratchets 331 and rotate in a single direction, and the right end face of the speed change gear is provided with ratchets which are meshed with the first ratchets 321 and rotate in a single direction;
the speed change gear 34 is circumferentially limited and slides on the transmission shaft 31 left and right through the adjusting assembly;
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, further, the positioning assembly includes a first supporting block 314, a first spring 312 and a positioning block 313; the fixing ring 311 is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft 31, the first supporting block 314 is fixedly arranged between the fixing ring 311 and the first gear 32, circular arc teeth are arranged on the outer side of the circumference, the positioning block 313 is meshed on the outer side of the first supporting block 314 in a circular arc mode, one end face of the positioning block can be meshed with the second ratchet 322 to rotate in a one-way mode, the first spring 312 is sleeved on the first supporting block 314, one end of the first spring is in contact with the positioning block 313, and the other end of the first spring is in contact with the fixing ring 311.
As shown in fig. 3, further, the adjusting assembly includes a shifting fork 36 and a shifting fork rod 37, the shifting fork rod 37 is arranged on the transmission case in a left-right sliding manner, the upper end of the shifting fork 36 is arranged on the shifting fork rod 37, the lower end of the shifting fork is in movable contact with the outer side of the speed change gear 34, a support ring 38 is fixedly arranged on the speed change gear 34 and positioned on the right side of the shifting fork 36, and a second spring 35 sleeved on the transmission shaft 31 is arranged between the speed change gear 34 and the first gear 32;
in the initial state, the speed changing gear 34 is not in contact with the first gear 32 and the second gear 33, at this time, the shifting fork 36 abuts against the support ring 38 to limit the speed changing gear 34, when the second gear is started, the shifting fork rod 37 drives the shifting fork 36 to move leftwards, under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 35, the speed changing gear 34 is meshed with the second gear 33 to realize the start of the second gear, when the reverse gear is started, the shifting fork rod 37 drives the shifting fork 36 to move rightwards, the lower end of the shifting fork 36 abuts against the support ring 38 to drive the speed changing gear 34 to move rightwards to compress the second spring 35, the speed changing gear 34 is meshed with the first gear 32 to realize the reverse gear, when the initial state is returned, the shifting fork rod 37 moves to drive the shifting fork 36 to move leftwards to return to the initial state, under the action of the second spring 35, the speed changing gear 34 slides leftwards.
Furthermore, the upper end of the shifting fork 36 is provided with a connecting hole, a positioning nail is arranged in the connecting hole to fix the shifting fork 36 on the shifting fork rod 37, and the lower end of the shifting fork 36 adopts an arc structure matched with the middle excircle of the speed change gear 34;
as shown in fig. 5, further, a second supporting block 341 is disposed between the speed change gear 34 and the transmission shaft 31, the second supporting block 341 is fixedly disposed on the transmission shaft 31, and the outer side of the second supporting block 341 is provided with circular arc teeth and is engaged with the speed change gear 34;
through the internal meshing connection of change gear 34 and second supporting shoe 341 circular arc tooth for it is more smooth when change gear 34 removes, makes change gear 34 and first ratchet 321 on first gear 32, the adjustment of third ratchet 331 meshing clearance on the second gear 33 moreover, can't cause the damage to the profile of tooth rather than the meshing after avoiding change gear 34 to remove, influences the transmission.
Further, a spline arranged on the left and right is arranged on the transmission shaft 31, the second supporting block 341 is slidably arranged on the spline, and two ends of the second supporting block are limited and fixed through a snap spring; therefore, the second supporting block 341 is limited and fixed on the transmission shaft 31, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble and more convenient.
As shown in fig. 6, further, the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 are respectively engaged with the first driving wheel 21 and the second driving wheel 22 on the driving assembly, and the second driving wheel 22 is engaged with the input gear on the input assembly 1; the third gear 315 is meshed with an output gear on the output assembly 4, and a differential device is arranged on the output assembly 4 and connected with a pair of driving wheels to realize the rotation of the driving wheels; the speed change device, the transmission assembly, the input assembly 1 and the output assembly 4 form an integral transmission system, so that the purposes of first-gear speed change, second-gear speed change and reverse gear output to wheels are achieved.
Furthermore, the tooth profiles of the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 are helical gears;
when the speed change device for the electric vehicle is used, the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 rotate together through input power, namely, the input gear can be driven to rotate by a driving motor (a storage battery) on the input assembly 1 in a transmission system, so that the second transmission wheel 22 meshed and connected with the input gear and the first transmission shaft 31 coaxially arranged with the second transmission shaft 31 rotate together, the second gear 33 and the first gear 32 correspondingly meshed and connected rotate, and the power transmission of the output assembly 4 is realized through an output gear meshed with the third gear 315;
in the initial state, the speed change assembly is located between the second gear 33 and the first gear 32, i.e. the speed change gear 34 is not in contact with the second gear 33 and the first gear 32; when the first gear is started, the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 rotate together through input power, the second gear 33 idles, the first gear 32 rotates, the second ratchet 322 of the first gear 32 and the positioning component are meshed with each other and rotate in a single direction, the positioning component which realizes elastic compression drives the transmission shaft 31 to rotate, and the third gear 315 on the transmission shaft 31 drives the output component 4 to rotate, so that the first gear is started;
when the speed change (second gear) is started, the adjusting component drives the speed change gear 34 to move leftwards, so that the left end of the speed change gear 34 and the third ratchet 331 on the second gear 33 are meshed with each other to rotate, and the speed change gear 34 is circumferentially limited on the transmission shaft 31, so that the transmission shaft 31 is driven by the speed change gear 34 to rotate, the output component 4 is driven by the third gear 315 on the transmission shaft 31 to rotate, and the second gear is started; in addition, the number of teeth of the first gear 32 is greater than that of the second gear 33, the second gear 33 drives the transmission shaft 31 through the speed change gear 34, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 31 is greater than that of the first gear 32 which drives the transmission shaft 31 through the positioning assembly, at the moment, the first gear 32 and the positioning assembly are elastically compressed and are meshed with the first ratchet 321 through the positioning assembly in a one-way rotating mode, so that the positioning assembly rotates reversely relative to the first gear due to the rotating speed difference, and the positioning assembly and the first gear adopt a ratchet meshing one-way rotating mode, so that the overrunning gear shifting speed change is realized, the two-gear starting is realized, the structure is compact through the gear shifting overrunning speed change, and the damage to the transmission shaft 31 caused by the non-;
when reverse gear is carried out, the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 rotate reversely together through input power, the adjusting assembly drives the speed change gear 34 to move rightwards, so that the right end of the speed change gear 34 and the first ratchet 321 on the first gear 32 rotate in an engaged manner, the second gear 33 idles on the transmission shaft 31, the first gear 32 rotates reversely, and the speed change gear 34 is circumferentially limited on the transmission shaft 31, so that the speed change gear 34 drives the transmission shaft 31 to rotate reversely, the third gear 315 on the transmission shaft 31 drives the output assembly 4 to rotate reversely, and reverse gear starting is realized; in addition, the second ratchet 322 of the first gear 32 is meshed with the positioning component to rotate in a single direction, and the arrangement directions of the first ratchet 321 and the second ratchet 322 are opposite, so that when the first gear 32 rotates in a reverse direction, the positioning component and the first gear 32 elastically avoid, and the smooth reverse gear function is realized;
as a second mode, the positioning assembly may be disposed on the left side of the first gear 32, that is, the positioning assembly may be engaged with the second ratchet teeth 322 on the left end surface of the first gear 32 and located inside the first ratchet teeth 321 and rotate unidirectionally, and at this time, the right portion of the speed change gear 34 may be sleeved outside the positioning assembly;
taking the first mode as an example, the positioning assembly includes a fixing ring 311, a first spring 312 and a positioning block 313, the positioning block 313 is connected with a circular arc tooth of a first supporting block 314 fixed on the transmission shaft 31, when a first gear is started, the positioning block 313 is always engaged with a second ratchet 322 on the right end surface of the first gear 32 to rotate in a single direction under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 312, so as to realize the rotation of a third gear 315 on the transmission shaft 31;
when the second gear is started, because the tooth number of the first gear 32 is greater than that of the second gear 33, the second gear 33 drives the transmission shaft 31 through the speed change gear 34, and the rotating speed of the first gear 32 drives the transmission shaft 31 through the positioning block 313, the rotating speed difference enables the positioning block 313 to move rightwards on the first supporting block 314, the first spring 312 is compressed, namely the rotating speed difference enables the positioning block 313 to rotate reversely relative to the first gear 32, and the positioning block 313 and the first gear 32 adopt a ratchet meshing one-way rotation mode, so that the overrunning gear shifting speed change is realized, and the effect of starting the second gear is achieved; in addition, the positioning block 313 is connected with the arc teeth of the first supporting block 314 fixed on the transmission shaft 31, so that the positioning block 313 can move smoothly on the first supporting block 314, and the meshing time gap adjustment is facilitated.
When the reverse gear is started, the right end face of the speed change gear 34 is meshed with the first ratchet 321 on the first gear 32 in a one-way mode, at the moment, the arrangement direction of the second ratchet 322 is opposite to that of the first ratchet 321, the positioning block 313 is meshed with the second ratchet 322 in a one-way rotation mode, under the action of the first spring 312, the positioning block 313 is in elastic contact with the first gear 32, the first gear 32 rotates reversely smoothly, the transmission shaft 31 is driven through the speed change gear 34 to achieve the reverse rotation of the third gear 315, and the reverse gear is achieved.
Claims (7)
1. The speed change device for the electric vehicle comprises a transmission shaft (31), a first gear (32), a second gear (33) and a speed change component; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a third gear (315) is fixedly arranged at the left part of the transmission shaft (31);
the number of teeth of the first gear (32) is greater than that of the second gear (33); the first gear (32) is rotatably arranged at the right part of the transmission shaft (31), the left end surface of the first gear (32) is provided with a first ratchet (321), the right end surface or the left end surface is provided with a second ratchet (322) at the inner side of the first ratchet (321), and the arrangement directions of the first ratchet (321) and the second ratchet (322) are opposite;
the transmission shaft (31) is provided with a positioning component which is meshed with the second ratchet (322) to rotate in a unidirectional way and elastically compresses the first gear (32);
the second gear (33) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft (31), a third ratchet (331) is arranged on the right end face of the second gear, and the arrangement direction of the third ratchet (331) is the same as that of the second ratchet (322);
the speed change assembly is positioned between the second gear (33) and the first gear (32) and comprises an adjusting assembly and a speed change gear (34); the left end face of the speed change gear (34) is provided with ratchets which are meshed with the third ratchets (331) and rotate in a single direction, and the right end face of the speed change gear is provided with ratchets which are meshed with the first ratchets (321) and rotate in a single direction;
the speed change gear (34) is circumferentially limited and slides on the transmission shaft (31) left and right through the adjusting assembly.
2. The transmission for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning assembly comprises a first support block (314), a first spring (312) and a positioning block (313); the fixing ring (311) is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft (31), the first supporting block (314) is fixedly arranged between the fixing ring (311) and the first gear (32), arc teeth are arranged on the outer side of the circumference, the positioning block (313) is engaged on the outer side of the first supporting block (314) in an arc manner, one end face of the first supporting block can be engaged with the second ratchet (322) to rotate in a single direction, the first spring (312) is sleeved on the first supporting block (314), one end of the first spring is in contact with the positioning block (313), and the other end of the first spring is in contact with the fixing ring (311) and is in a compressed state.
3. The transmission device for the electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjusting assembly comprises a shifting fork (36) and a shifting fork rod (37), the shifting fork rod (37) is arranged on the transmission case body in a left-right sliding manner, the upper end of the shifting fork (36) is arranged on the shifting fork rod (37), the lower end of the shifting fork (36) is movably contacted with the outer side of the speed change gear (34), a support ring (38) is fixedly arranged on the speed change gear (34) and positioned on the right side of the shifting fork (36), and a second spring (35) sleeved on the transmission shaft (31) is arranged between the speed change gear (34) and the first gear (32).
4. The transmission device for the electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein a connecting hole is formed in the upper end of the shift fork (36), a positioning nail is arranged in the connecting hole to fix the shift fork (36) on the shift fork rod (37), and the lower end of the shift fork (36) is of an arc structure matched with the outer circle of the middle part of the speed change gear (34).
5. The transmission apparatus for electric vehicles according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a second support block (341) is provided between the transmission gear (34) and the transmission shaft (31), the second support block (341) is fixedly provided on the transmission shaft (31), and circular teeth are provided on a circumferential side and are engaged with the transmission gear (34).
6. A transmission unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said first (32) and second (33) gears are in engagement with a first (21) and second (22) transmission wheel of the transmission assembly, respectively, the second transmission wheel (22) being in engagement with an input gear of the input assembly (1); the third gear (315) is meshed with an output gear on the output assembly (4).
7. The transmission device for the electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the transmission shaft (31) is provided with a left-right spline, the second supporting block (341) is slidably disposed on the spline, and two ends of the second supporting block are limited and fixed by a snap spring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921783660.6U CN210889939U (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Speed change device for electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921783660.6U CN210889939U (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Speed change device for electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210889939U true CN210889939U (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921783660.6U Active CN210889939U (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Speed change device for electric vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN210889939U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113401274A (en) * | 2021-05-16 | 2021-09-17 | 蔡明� | Speed changing box in bicycle middle shaft |
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2019
- 2019-10-22 CN CN201921783660.6U patent/CN210889939U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113401274A (en) * | 2021-05-16 | 2021-09-17 | 蔡明� | Speed changing box in bicycle middle shaft |
| CN113401274B (en) * | 2021-05-16 | 2023-08-08 | 佛山市顺德区智趣动电子商务有限公司 | Gear box in middle shaft of bicycle |
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