CN210764589U

CN210764589U - Ecological buffer zone

Info

Publication number: CN210764589U
Application number: CN201921269118.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺欣; 秦文静; 穆琳; 王晶晶; 刘文博; 邵海波; 高姗姗; 于雷
Original assignee: Biohaven Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Beijing Co ltd
Current assignee: Biohaven Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Beijing Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-07
Filing date: 2019-08-07
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological buffering area has set up main carrier and emergent aquatic plant, and the main carrier is the cubic carrier that floats on the surface of water of composite fiber material preparation, plants emergent aquatic plant on the main carrier. Consists of a main carrier floating on the water surface, a side carrier and aquatic plants planted on the side carrier. The main carrier is made of composite fiber materials, the side carriers are made of polymer fibers, emergent aquatic plants can be planted on the side carriers, and a transition buffer area from land to a water body is formed, so that pollutants entering water areas such as rivers and lakes are adsorbed, intercepted, absorbed and reduced, and meanwhile, certain delay effect on influx of storm runoff can be achieved. The beneficial technical effects are as follows: can save land, accelerate water purification, promote ecological restoration and beautify water bank landscape, has simple structure and is suitable for popularization and promotion.

Description

Ecological buffer zone

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the water pollution treatment technique and specifically relates to an ecological buffering area.

Background

Non-point source pollution, namely, the phenomenon that pollutants (suspended matters, oxygen-consuming substances, nutrient substances, toxic substances, oil and fat substances and the like) in the atmosphere and the ground surface are brought into receiving water bodies such as rivers and lakes through rainfall and surface runoff washing to pollute the receiving water bodies. The non-point source pollution is divided into agricultural non-point source pollution and urban non-point source pollution, the agricultural non-point source pollution is the main form of the reduction of the quality of the current Chinese environment, and mainly comprises soil silt particles on the surface of the ground, nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, harmful substances such as pesticides, solid wastes such as straw agricultural films, livestock and poultry breeding fecal sewage, aquaculture bait and medicine, rural domestic sewage garbage and various atmospheric particulate matters which are settled, and the pollution is caused by the fact that the pollution enters the water environment in the forms of surface rainwater runoff, soil erosion, farmland drainage and the like. The method has the characteristics of dispersity, concealment, randomness, latency, accumulativeness, ambiguity and the like, so that the method is not easy to monitor and difficult to quantify, serious consequences are caused to the functions of an ecosystem, the human health, the economic development and the like, and particularly, the deterioration of a watershed water environment and water resources is caused, so that the fresh water resources on which the human lives are influenced. Urban non-point source pollution is a main pollution source causing water body pollution and has the characteristics of paroxysmal property, high flow, heavy pollution and the like. Therefore, the research, treatment and management policy formulation for paying attention to non-point source pollution has important significance for protecting the human environment.

In the prior art, measures for treating rainwater runoff pollution are controlled by planting vegetation, such as depositing and filtering pollutants through turf, and building a detention pond, a surface infiltration system, an artificial wetland and the like in an area unsuitable for turf planting, and the measures have obvious effects on improving the water quality, but have large-area site requirements, large early-stage investment of manpower and material resources and need later-stage maintenance.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an ecological buffer zone is provided can lay in waters coasts such as river course, lake, pond, reservoir, utilizes the plant of planting on the buffer zone to and adnexed microbial reaction, produce absorption, interception, absorption, subduct etc. effect to the pollutant, subduct the pollutant in situ, have simple structure, easily popularize, protect water quality of water, beautify the characteristics of waters environment.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: an ecological buffer zone comprises a main carrier, emergent aquatic plants, side carriers and a water flow river channel; the main carrier is a block-shaped carrier made of composite fiber materials and floating on the water surface, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the main carrier, the side carrier is a block-shaped carrier made of polymer fiber materials and floating on the water surface, one side of the side carrier is provided with a bevel edge and is fixedly connected with a slope on the upper portion of a water flow channel, the other side of the side carrier is connected with the side surface of the main carrier, and the emergent aquatic plants are planted on the side carrier.

In the ecological buffer zone, the slope on the upper part of the water flow channel is paved and fixed with the geotextile, and the upper end part of the geotextile is fixed between the main carrier and the slope on the upper part of the water flow channel.

According to the ecological buffer zone, the geotextile is laid and fixed between the inclined edge on one side of the side carrier and the slope on the upper portion of the water flow channel, and the upper end of the geotextile is fixed between the inclined edge on one side of the side carrier and the slope on the upper portion of the water flow channel.

In the ecological buffer zone, the main carrier is filled with natural plant fibers.

The utility model provides an ecological buffer zone, which is provided with a main carrier, emergent aquatic plants, side carriers and a water flow river channel; the main carrier is a block-shaped carrier made of composite fiber materials and floating on the water surface, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the main carrier, the side carrier is a block-shaped carrier made of polymer fiber materials and floating on the water surface, one side of the side carrier is provided with a bevel edge and is fixedly connected with a slope on the upper portion of a water flow channel, the other side of the side carrier is connected with the side surface of the main carrier, and the emergent aquatic plants are planted on the side carrier. The main carrier is made of composite fiber materials, the side carriers are made of polymer fibers, emergent aquatic plants can be planted on the side carriers, and a transition buffer area from land to a water body is formed, so that pollutants entering water areas such as rivers and lakes are adsorbed, absorbed and reduced, and meanwhile, certain delay effect on influx of storm runoff can be achieved. The beneficial technical effects are as follows: can save land, accelerate water purification, promote ecological restoration and beautify water bank landscape, has simple structure and is suitable for popularization and promotion.

The utility model discloses an effect and principle as follows:

firstly, water quality purification

Ecological buffering area carrier has than the positive big pore structure in surface, can provide very big space and make the microorganism adhere to and hang the membrane, and the growth of shuttling in the carrier hole of plant root system simultaneously, the easy microbial decomposition of micromolecule organic matter in the root system secretion utilizes, more promotes the biomembrane growth of top layer matrix. Under the combined action of the atmosphere, the water surface, the buffer zone carrier fiber, the plant root system and the biomembrane, the surface substrate forms continuous aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic areas, thereby providing environmental conditions for the microbial reactions of nitrification, denitrification and the like.

After the ecological buffer belt system is mature, a large number of microorganisms are adsorbed by the composite fibers and the plant root systems to form a biological film, and pollutants are removed under the combined action of the carrier fibers, the plant root systems and the microorganisms when sewage flows through the floating wetland root system area. A large amount of solid suspended substances are intercepted by the substrate and the biological membrane attached to the plant root system; the organic pollutants are decomposed by the respiration of microorganisms; the nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus are absorbed and assimilated by the plants and are removed by the microbial processes of nitrification, denitrification, phosphorus accumulation and the like at the air-water junction and in aerobic and anoxic environments.

Second, ecological restoration action

The ecological buffer zone promotes self-adjustment and restoration of an underwater ecological system and development of an above-water ecological system by increasing the total amount of underwater microorganisms and the amount of above-water plants, and solves the problem of death of the water-land transition zone.

The arrangement of the ecological buffer zone greatly increases the total amount of microorganisms in the arranged water area, promotes the number of benthonic animals, fishes and the like which feed on microorganisms and biological membranes by increasing the total amount of microorganisms at the lowest end position of a food chain in a water body ecological system, perfects a water ecological system by using plants planted on the benthonic animals, fishes and the like, and increases the water environment capacity. The method has the advantages of improving the ecological system, promoting the self-purification capacity of the water body and stably keeping the water quality, and simultaneously playing a role in preventing and controlling the algal bloom.

Third, the landscape function

The ecological buffer zone can be cut and combined at will to be made into artificial landscape shapes with different shapes, or can be arranged at the discharge port, thereby not only achieving the effect of purifying and converging water, but also improving the aesthetic property of the discharge port. The fiber material of the buffer belt carrier has a soft landscape effect, or low herbaceous plants such as turf and the like can be covered with soil or planted on the surface of the edge of the high-molecular floating wetland, so that artificial traces are thoroughly removed, and the water landscape effect is enhanced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the main carrier and side carrier assembly of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the application structure of the present invention in a water flow river.

The parts in the figures are numbered: river bank 1, rainfall 2, emergent aquatic plant stems and leaves 3, water surface 4, main carrier 5, emergent aquatic plant root system 6, water bottom 7, side carrier 8, geotextile 9, high polymer material fiber 10, natural plant fiber 11, rainfall runoff 12 and water flow river channel 13.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

the first embodiment is as follows: an ecological buffer zone comprises a main carrier 5, emergent aquatic plants, a side carrier 8 and a water flow channel 13; the main carrier 5 is a block-shaped carrier made of composite fiber materials and floating on the water surface, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the main carrier 5, the side carrier 8 is a block-shaped carrier made of polymer fiber materials and floating on the water surface, one side of the side carrier 8 is provided with a bevel edge and is fixedly connected with a slope on the upper portion of a water flow channel 13, the other side of the side carrier 8 is connected with the side surface of the main carrier 5, and the emergent aquatic plants are planted on the side carrier 8. And (3) laying and fixing geotextile 9 on the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel 13, wherein the upper end part of the geotextile 9 is fixed between the main carrier 5 and the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel 13. The main carrier 5 is filled with natural plant fibers 11. Emergent aquatic plants or grass and flower plants which are short and have inaccessible roots or are afraid of water dampness are planted on the side carriers 8.

Example two: an ecological buffer zone comprises a main carrier 5, emergent aquatic plants, a side carrier 8 and a water flow channel 13; the main carrier 5 is a block-shaped carrier made of composite fiber materials and floating on the water surface, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the main carrier 5, the side carrier 8 is a block-shaped carrier made of polymer fiber materials and floating on the water surface, one side of the side carrier 8 is provided with a bevel edge and is fixedly connected with a slope on the upper portion of a water flow channel 13, the other side of the side carrier 8 is connected with the side surface of the main carrier 5, and the emergent aquatic plants are planted on the side carrier 8. And (3) laying and fixing geotextile 9 on the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel 13, wherein the upper end part of the geotextile 9 is fixed between the main carrier 5 and the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel 13. And a geotextile 9 is laid and fixed between the inclined edge at one side of the side carrier 8 and the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel 13, and the upper end part of the geotextile 9 is fixed between the inclined edge at one side of the side carrier 8 and the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel 13. The main carrier 5 is filled with natural plant fibers 11. Emergent aquatic plants or grass and flower plants which are short and have inaccessible roots or are afraid of water dampness are planted on the side carriers 8.

The utility model discloses can lay in river lake waters coastal or row's mouth department, its shape, size, all need according to water or the actual size of on-the-spot row mouth, the water yield, relevant parameter such as velocity of flow calculate and decide apart from row mouth distance etc..

The main carrier 5 of the utility model is composed of polymer fiber and natural plant fiber, the side carrier 8 is composed of polymer fiber, the polymer fiber layer is made of polyester fiber material, the specific surface area of the polymer fiber material is between 1:2000-1:10000, and the porosity is between 80-99%. The plant fiber layer is made of plant fiber materials, and the specific surface area of the plant fibers is between 1:1000 and 1: 2000. In order to ensure the safety and stability of the carrier, the polymer fibers are distributed on the outer surface of the plant fibers. The emergent aquatic plants can be selected from plant species commonly used for restoring non-point source pollution, and the selected aquatic plants have developed root systems and strong oxygen delivery capacity, but the plants are prevented from rooting at the river bank and the river bottom. The geotextile 9 is a water permeable geosynthetic material formed from synthetic fibers by needling or weaving. The geotextile 9 is one of new material geosynthetic materials, and the finished product is in a cloth shape, generally has a width of 4-6 meters and a length of 50-100 meters.

Appropriate changes and modifications to the embodiments described above will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. An ecological buffering area which is characterized in that: comprises a main carrier (5), emergent aquatic plants, a side carrier (8) and a water flow channel (13); the main carrier (5) is a block-shaped carrier made of composite fiber materials and floating on the water surface, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the main carrier (5), the side carrier (8) is a block-shaped carrier made of polymer fiber materials and floating on the water surface, one side of the side carrier (8) is provided with a bevel edge and is fixedly connected with a slope on the upper portion of a water flow channel (13), the other side of the side carrier (8) is connected with the side surface of the main carrier (5), and the emergent aquatic plants are planted on the side carrier (8).

2. An ecological bumper strip according to claim 1, characterized in that: and geotextile (9) is laid and fixed on the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel (13), and the upper end part of the geotextile (9) is fixed between the main carrier (5) and the slope at the upper part of the water flow channel (13).

3. An ecological bumper strip according to claim 2, characterized in that: geotextile (9) is laid and fixed between the inclined edge of one side of the side carrier (8) and the slope of the upper part of the water flow channel (13), and the upper end part of the geotextile (9) is fixed between the inclined edge of one side of the side carrier (8) and the slope of the upper part of the water flow channel (13).

4. An ecological buffer strip according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the main carrier (5) is filled with natural plant fibers (11).