CN210711144U - Modularized backwashing constructed wetland device - Google Patents
Modularized backwashing constructed wetland device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210711144U CN210711144U CN201921187292.9U CN201921187292U CN210711144U CN 210711144 U CN210711144 U CN 210711144U CN 201921187292 U CN201921187292 U CN 201921187292U CN 210711144 U CN210711144 U CN 210711144U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a modularization back flush constructed wetland device, aquatic plant root are planted in the coarse sand layer, and the gravel layer links to each other with coarse sand layer, well gravel layer respectively, and big gravel layer links to each other with well gravel layer, LDPE lining respectively, and sewage inlet tube, back flush outlet pipe are equipped with on both sides on the coarse sand layer, are equipped with back flush inlet tube, sewage discharge pipe with the both sides on the LDPE lining under big gravel layer, are equipped with first go-between, second go-between respectively on the device both sides. Multiple modules are assembled in parallel or in series. The entire apparatus is completed except for the aquatic plants, coarse sand layer, small gravel layer, medium gravel layer, large gravel layer and LDPE liner layer. Simple structure, convenient to use for standard component, but industrialization batch production carries out the modularization equipment according to actual user's quantity, and dress promptly is used. The technical problem to be solved is to improve a domestic sewage treatment system in the new rural construction process, better treat sewage and meet the requirement of rapid modern construction of rural areas at the present stage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the sewage treatment field in the rural construction, more specifically relates to a modularization back flush constructed wetland device. The method is suitable for the integrated process of new rural construction and urban and rural development, and rural areas, towns, suburbs and the like with incomplete sewage treatment supporting facilities.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, in the integrated process of new rural construction and urban and rural construction, the living conditions of the traditional rural areas, cities and towns, suburbs and the like are improved day by day, but the corresponding supporting facilities are not perfect. The method causes serious environmental problems, and most prominently, domestic sewage containing various detergents and excrement is discharged without being treated and is discharged into ditches, ponds, lakes and rivers in large quantity, so that the pollution of the rivers and the ponds is caused, the living environment and the water use safety of villagers are influenced, the water treatment in rural areas of China lags, and the whole process of water environment treatment is restricted. And rural areas are different from cities, have small height difference, are distributed in scattered houses, are usually in a belt shape or a scattered point shape, increase the difficulty of sewage collection, and increase the cost of pipelines if the urban mode is carried.
Generally, the residential houses in the areas are far away, and if a sewage treatment plant is set up, a large pump is needed to pump sewage into the treatment plant, so that the cost is greatly increased; if the urban sewage treatment process such as a membrane bioreactor, a large-scale artificial wetland and the like is adopted, the cost is high, the process is difficult to bear economically, and the technical requirements in the operation and maintenance process are difficult to realize. It is therefore important to select a processing system that is appropriate for the actual conditions of the area.
The artificial wetland is a common facility for treating sewage in China, and has the advantages of good effluent quality, strong organic matter and ammonia nitrogen treatment capacity, convenient operation and maintenance, simple management, low investment and operation cost and the like. Is suitable for small and medium towns and villages with low capital, energy shortage and talent shortage. At present, the artificial wetland system is generally divided into horizontal flow, subsurface flow and vertical flow, wherein the vertical flow artificial wetland is widely used due to the advantages that the occupied area is smaller than that of other types of wetlands, the treatment efficiency is high, the whole system can be completely built underground, and the like. In the vertical flow constructed wetland, sewage is percolated vertically downwards from the surface layer, and sequentially passes through different packing layers in the downflow process, the surface biomembrane has a purification effect on the sewage, and the treatment capacity of the biomembrane on the surface of the constructed wetland on the sewage is stronger to aerobic organic matters in the wastewater, but the existing vertical flow constructed wetland is easy to form hardening at the uppermost layer due to the highest sewage concentration, so that the water purification effect is influenced, the vertical flow constructed wetland is often required to be dredged, and the operation cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a modularization back flush constructed wetland device, device simple structure, convenient to use, low cost, high-efficient easy operation. The artificial wetland modularization is solved, the backwashing device is added into the module, the existing artificial wetland sewage treatment system is improved, and particularly, the problem of wetland blockage is solved, so that the sewage treatment effect is better improved.
For solving the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a modularization back flush constructed wetland device, it comprises aquatic plant, coarse sand layer, little gravel layer, well gravel layer, big gravel layer, LDPE lining, sewage inlet tube, back flush outlet pipe, the sewage discharge pipe after handling, first connecting ring and second connecting ring, and its relation of connection is: the aquatic plants are planted in the coarse sand layer, the gravel layer is respectively connected with the coarse sand layer and the medium gravel layer, and the large gravel layer is respectively connected with the medium gravel layer and the LDPE lining layer (the small gravel layer, the medium gravel layer and the large gravel layer are sequentially superposed below the coarse sand layer); and a sewage inlet pipe and a back flush water outlet pipe are arranged on two sides of the coarse sand layer and used for discharging back flushed sewage, and a back flush water inlet pipe and a treated sewage discharge pipe 10 are arranged on two sides below the large gravel layer and above the LDPE lining layer and used for discharging treated sewage which reaches the discharge standard. Firstly, biological purification is carried out through aquatic plants, then physical sedimentation is carried out through a coarse sand layer, and microbial degradation and biomembrane adsorption are carried out through a small gravel layer, a middle gravel layer and a large gravel layer. After the treatment, the sewage is horizontally discharged out of the device from the sewage outlet pipe through the bottom. The sewage is treated and settled layer by layer at the moment, reaches the first-level A sewage treatment discharge standard in the pollutant discharge standard (GB18918-2002) of urban sewage treatment plants, and is suitable for being discharged into the natural environment. The LDPE lining layer 6 belongs to a waterproof layer, so that the whole device can be prevented from water leakage to pollute the environment, and the service life of the device can be prolonged. The first connecting ring and the second connecting ring are respectively arranged on two sides of the whole device, can be used for assembling a plurality of modules and is suitable for treating different sewage quantities.
The whole device is a single module which is a cube, and the side length of the module is about 1 m. According to the specific sewage quantity to be treated, a plurality of (4-8) modules can be assembled through the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring. A plurality of modules can be assembled in parallel or in series, and the assembled treatment system is placed in a large pit, so that only aquatic plants can be seen from the surface, and the landscape is not influenced. All materials of the entire device were made of PVC except for the aquatic plants, coarse sand layer, small gravel layer, medium gravel layer, large gravel layer and LDPE liner layer.
The grit layer is a water permeable substrate and is required to contain an aerobic or anaerobic microbial population, typically grit of 0.1 to 6mm particle size.
The small gravel layer is usually volcanic rock with the diameter of 3-5cm, the volcanic biological filter material is a granular filter material processed by volcanic rock ore through a series of processes of ore dressing, crushing, screening, grinding and the like, the main components are mineral substances and trace elements, the appearance is irregular particles, the porous material is light, and the small gravel layer is particularly suitable for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms on the surface of the small gravel layer to form a biological membrane.
The middle gravel layer is 8-10cm diameter gravel.
The large gravel layer is gravel with the diameter of 10-15 cm.
The thickness of the coarse sand layer is 20 cm;
the thickness of the small gravel layer is 30 cm;
the thickness of the medium gravel layer is 15 cm;
the thickness of the large gravel layer is 15 cm;
the thickness of the LDPE lining layer is 5 cm;
the aquatic plant is a common emergent aquatic plant which is one or any combination of two to three of reed, canna, calamus and the like, and can play a role in adsorption and be used as an ornamental plant.
Through the above technical measures, the most important is the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring, and these parts are not only important components of the connecting standard assembly, but also the setting and firmness of the number (2-4) and the size (10 cm diameter circular ring) of the parts can directly influence the using effect. And the device is an innovation on the basis of the wetland module which is put into use in the market at present, so that the sewage treatment effect is greatly enhanced, and the service life of the module is greatly prolonged. The technology solves the problem of rural sewage treatment and simultaneously solves the problem of pollution caused by discharging untreated sewage into the nature. The method solves the specific problems in rural areas according to actual conditions, and achieves better sewage treatment effect on the premise of not influencing landscape effect. Compared with the prior artificial wetland, the artificial wetland has better sewage treatment effect, more practical use effect and the like, can be assembled and backwashed, and is more convenient to implement and replace.
The aquatic plants are mainly used for biological purification, the coarse sand layer is subjected to physical sedimentation, and the small gravel layer, the medium gravel layer and the large gravel layer are mainly subjected to microbial degradation and biofilm adsorption. The LDPE lining belongs to a waterproof layer, so that the whole device can be prevented from water leakage to pollute the environment, and the service life of the device can be prolonged. The first connecting ring and the second connecting ring mainly play a connecting role, and several (4-8) modules are connected together to process different sewage quantities. The sewage inlet pipe is mainly used for collecting sewage and discharging the sewage into the device, the sewage is discharged from the sewage discharge pipe after being treated, and the backwashing inlet pipe and the backwashing outlet pipe are backwashing devices and are mainly used for backwashing after a coarse sand layer is hardened. Wherein, several (4-8) modules can be connected by the connecting ring according to different sewage amounts, and the service life of the backwashing device is prolonged.
Compared with the artificial wetland which is put into use before, the device has the following improvements: 1) the modular water purifier is a standardized module and can be assembled according to actual conditions (such as the number of users, the sewage quantity, the pollution degree and the like); 2) the newly added backwashing device can better improve the sewage treatment effect and prolong the service life of the device; 3) because the microorganism is the main body and the core of the artificial wetland decontamination, and the small gravel layer in the device is volcanic rock with the diameter of 3-5cm, the device is particularly suitable for the growth and the propagation of the microorganism on the surface to form a biological film. Can enhance the adsorption of microorganisms in the sewage and improve the sewage treatment effect.
Through the technical measures, the device is subjected to some simulation experiments, and has the following characteristics (conclusions) which can be referred to in the practical application process:
(1) only 1-3 households for treating domestic water can use a single module, 3-6 households can use two modules, and 6 households and more than 6 households are assembled by a plurality of modules, so that the effect of sewage treatment is achieved.
(2) The single module is used for treating sewage and needs about 4 days to reach the discharge standard; the second module takes about 3 days; the four modules can reach the emission standard after 2 days. Therefore, the processing time can be taken into consideration when actually using the device.
(3) The device treats sewage, reduces the content of pollutants in the sewage, and reaches the first-level discharge standard (daily average value) of urban sewage. Such as pH value (6-9), chemical oxygen demand (50mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (10mg/L), suspended substance (10mg/L), animal and vegetable oil (1mg/L), petroleum (1mg/L), anionic surfactant (0.5mg/L), total nitrogen (15mg/L), ammonia nitrogen {5(8mg/L) and 5 for water temperature>Control index at 12 deg.C, control index at water temperature of 12 deg.C or less, total phosphorus (1mg/L), chromaticity (30 deg.C), and fecal coliform number (10 ℃)3One/liter), etc.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and effect:
the utility model discloses a not only solved technical problem, the cost is reduced has moreover improved sewage treatment effect, improves ecological environment. The device is simple and easy to operate. The core is a standard component with the side length of about 1m, and the module can be produced in large scale and assembled according to the number of users and requirements. The frame and the pipeline are made of PVC materials, so that the frame is low in cost, light and easy to transport, and simple to assemble.
The modularized artificial wetland device can be effectively used for ten years (more), and a large amount of cost is saved in the using process. The device is simple to maintain and easy to operate, only the aquatic plants need to be harvested and trimmed regularly, the single module needs to be replaced regularly, the backwashing is carried out regularly, the sewage treatment effect and the landscape effect can be well guaranteed, and the device can be popularized and used in rural areas, cities and towns and suburbs.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a modularized backwashing constructed wetland device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the device after the coarse sand layer is hardened.
Wherein: 1-aquatic plant, 2-coarse sand layer, 3-small gravel layer, 4-medium gravel layer, 5-large gravel layer, 6-LDPE lining layer, 7-sewage inlet pipe, 8-backwashing inlet pipe, 9-backwashing outlet pipe, 10-sewage outlet pipe, 11-connecting ring and 12-connecting ring.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the modular backwashing constructed wetland device comprises aquatic plants 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a small gravel layer 3, a medium gravel layer 4, a large gravel layer 5, an LDPE lining layer 6, a sewage inlet pipe 7, a backwashing inlet pipe 8, a backwashing outlet pipe 9, a sewage discharge pipe 10, a first connecting ring 11 and a second connecting ring 12, and is characterized in that: aquatic plants 1 are planted in the coarse sand layer 2, the gravel layer 3 is respectively connected (connected) with the coarse sand layer 2 and the medium gravel layer 4, the large gravel layer 5 is respectively connected (connected) with the medium gravel layer 4 and the LDPE lining layer 6, and the small gravel layer 3, the medium gravel layer 4 and the large gravel layer 5 are sequentially stacked below the coarse sand layer 2. Both sides are equipped with sewage inlet tube 7, back flush outlet pipe 9 on coarse sand layer 2, are equipped with back flush inlet tube 8, handle back sewage discharge pipe 10 with both sides on LDPE lining 6 under big gravel layer 5 the utility model discloses a first go-between 11, second go-between 12 are equipped with respectively on (whole) device both sides, sewage enters into the device by sewage inlet tube 7, at first carries out biological purification through aquatic plant 1, then carries out the physics through coarse sand layer 2 and subsides, carries out microbial degradation and biomembrane absorption through little gravel layer 3, well gravel layer 4, big gravel layer 5 again. After these treatments, the wastewater is discharged horizontally from the wastewater outlet pipe 10 through the bottom. The sewage is treated and settled layer by layer at the moment, reaches the first-level A sewage treatment discharge standard in the pollutant discharge standard (GB18918-2002) of urban sewage treatment plants, and is suitable for being discharged into the natural environment. The LDPE lining layer 6 belongs to a waterproof layer, so that the whole device can be prevented from water leakage to pollute the environment, and the service life of the device can be prolonged. The two sides of the whole device are respectively provided with a first connecting ring 11 and a second connecting ring 12, which can be used for assembling a plurality of modules and are suitable for treating different sewage quantities. The device is also provided with a special design, namely a backwashing device (the device), and after the module is used for a period of time, the coarse sand layer 3 is easy to harden and affects the sewage purification effect, so the backwashing device is arranged for treatment, the specific operation is to close the sewage inlet pipe 7 and the treated sewage discharge pipe 10, then the tap water enters the module from the backwashing inlet pipe 8, the inlet pipe contains a pressure pump, the pressure value (generally 20-30kpa) is set, the pressurized tap water can reach the coarse sand layer 2, and the hardened sand layer can be backwashed and dispersed. After flushing, the backwash water outlet pipe 9 is opened to discharge the wastewater.
The utility model discloses (whole) device be single module, the module is the square, the module length of side is about 1m, the module is wide about 1m with thick, according to the sewage volume that specifically needs to handle, a plurality of (generally 4-8) module equipment are carried out to first go-between 11 of accessible, second go-between 12. The assembled treatment system is placed in a large pit, and only aquatic plants can be seen from the surface, so that the landscape is not influenced. All materials of the whole apparatus except the aquatic plants 1, the course sand layer 2, the small gravel layer 3, the medium gravel layer 4, the large gravel layer 5 and the LDPE liner layer 6 are made of PVC.
The modules (4-8) are sequentially overlapped;
the grit layer 2 is a water permeable substrate and is required to contain an aerobic or anaerobic microbial population, typically grit of 0.1 to 6mm (any grit size is possible).
The small gravel layer 3 is usually volcanic rock with the diameter of 3-5cm (any diameter can be used), the volcanic biological filter material is a granular filter material processed by a series of processes of ore dressing, crushing, screening, grinding and the like on volcanic rock ores, the main components are mineral substances and trace elements, the appearance is irregular particles, the porous material is light, and the small gravel layer is particularly suitable for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms on the surface to form a biological membrane.
The medium gravel layer 4 is gravel (with any diameter) with the diameter of 8-10 cm.
The large gravel layer 5 is gravel (with any diameter) with the diameter of 10-15 cm.
The thickness of the coarse sand layer 2 is specifically 20 cm;
the thickness of the small gravel layer 3 is 30 cm;
the thickness of the middle gravel layer 4 is specifically 15 cm;
the thickness of the large gravel layer 5 is specifically 15 cm;
the thickness of the LDPE lining layer 6 is 5 cm.
The device simple structure, the material is light, and convenient to use is standard component, but industrialization batch production carries out the modularization equipment according to actual user quantity, and the dress is used promptly. The device is a vertical flow artificial wetland, is the most common artificial wetland type with the best sewage treatment effect at present, and is added with a back washing device. The technical problem to be solved is to improve a domestic sewage treatment system in the new rural construction process, better treat sewage and meet the requirement of rapid modern construction of rural areas at the present stage.
Firstly, according to the house position of a user and the number of users needing to use the device, a large pit with the depth of 1m is dug in a use area, and the number of the used modules is determined according to the size (the length and the width are preferably integral multiple of the side length) of the sewage treatment pit. After the number is determined, each module is assembled with a connection ring and placed in a sewage treatment pit. The sewage pipes of each house are gathered into a pipeline to be connected to the sewage inlet pipe, and the device starts to operate. After running for a certain period of time (e.g. two months), the plants are harvested and trimmed, and the drainage effect of the water outlet is checked.
When the coarse sand layer 2 is hardened, as shown in fig. 2 (the coarse sand layer 2 is hardened), the backwashing device (the backwashing device is a backwashing water inlet pipe 8 and a backwashing water outlet pipe 9) is opened to perform backwashing on the module to disperse the coarse sand layer. The specific operation is that the sewage inlet pipe 7 and the treated sewage discharge pipe 10 are closed, then clean water enters the module from the backwashing water inlet pipe (8), and the pressurized clean water reaches the surface of the coarse sand layer 2 from the bottom, so that dirt on the hardened surface layer can be scattered. The flushed dirt is discharged through the back washing water outlet pipe 9.
Through the specific embodiment, the improvement on the original rural sewage treatment is achieved, and the sewage treatment effect is better improved.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a modularization back flush constructed wetland device, it comprises aquatic plant (1), coarse sand layer (2), small gravel layer (3), well gravel layer (4), big gravel layer (5), LDPE lining (6), sewage inlet tube (7), back flush inlet tube (8), back flush outlet pipe (9), sewage discharge pipe (10), first go-between (11) and second go-between (12), its characterized in that: aquatic plants (1) are rooted in a coarse sand layer (2), a gravel layer (3) is respectively connected with the coarse sand layer (2) and a medium gravel layer (4), a large gravel layer (5) is respectively connected with the medium gravel layer (4) and an LDPE lining layer (6), a sewage inlet pipe (7) and a back flush outlet pipe (9) are arranged on two sides of the coarse sand layer (2), a back flush inlet pipe (8) and a sewage outlet pipe (10) are arranged on two sides of the lower part of the large gravel layer (5) and the upper part of the LDPE lining layer (6), and a first connecting ring (11) and a second connecting ring (12) are respectively arranged on two sides of the device.
2. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the device is a single module, the module is a cube, the side length of the module is 1m, and the width and the thickness of the module are 1 m.
3. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the modules are overlapped in sequence from 3 to 6.
4. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the coarse sand layer (2) is a water-permeable substrate and is coarse sand with the particle size of 0.1-6mm, and the thickness of the coarse sand layer (2) is 20 cm.
5. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the small gravel layer (3) is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the small gravel layer (3) is 30 cm.
6. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the middle gravel layer (4) is gravel with the diameter of 8-10cm, and the thickness of the middle gravel layer (4) is 15 cm.
7. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the large gravel layer (5) is gravel with the diameter of 10-15cm, and the thickness of the large gravel layer (5) is 15 cm.
8. The modular backwashing constructed wetland device of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the LDPE lining layer (6) is 5 cm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110330190A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | A kind of modularization backwash constructed wetland device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110330190A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | A kind of modularization backwash constructed wetland device |
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