CN210549951U - Electrorheological fluid auxiliary ultrasonic polishing device - Google Patents
Electrorheological fluid auxiliary ultrasonic polishing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210549951U CN210549951U CN201921128947.5U CN201921128947U CN210549951U CN 210549951 U CN210549951 U CN 210549951U CN 201921128947 U CN201921128947 U CN 201921128947U CN 210549951 U CN210549951 U CN 210549951U
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electrorheological fluids assists ultrasonic buffing device utilizes the electrorheological fluids to assist bubble and abrasive material granule motion in the ultrasonic vibration control working solution and reach the high-efficient high-quality surface finish method of effect. The dielectrophoresis, the electrorheological effect and the ultrasonic processing are combined together, the cavitation phenomenon of the ultrasonic processing can remove a larger structure of the additive manufacturing part caused by powder adhesion, spheroidization and the like at a high speed, and meanwhile, under the electrorheological effect, the abrasive particles dispersed in the electrorheological fluid are constrained near a polishing tool in a chain shape to effectively polish the surface, so that the surface smoothness is greatly improved. The method has the advantages of convenient operation, low cost and high flexibility, and can be used for surface polishing of metal parts mainly manufactured by additive manufacturing and surface treatment of various parts which are difficult to polish and have complicated shapes and more tiny cavities.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metal vibration material disk spare surface treatment technical field particularly, especially relates to through supplementary ultrasonic buffing device of electrorheological fluid and processing method.
Background
The additive manufacturing technology develops rapidly in the last two decades, and solves the technical problem of manufacturing of high-end equipment in many modern industries. However, although the metal additive manufacturing technology represented by the selective laser melting technology has high density and excellent mechanical properties of the formed part, the forming mechanism based on the metal powder melting determines that powder adhesion and spheroidization phenomena can be generated in the process, as shown in fig. 1a-1 b. Therefore, the surface roughness of the existing metal additive manufacturing part is generally higher than 10 μm, which not only affects the appearance, but also greatly restricts the functional characteristics of the part, such as fatigue life, friction performance and the like, and needs to be improved by subsequent finishing treatment. However, most additive manufacturing parts are complex in shape and have more tiny cavities, so that surface treatment cannot be directly performed by using mechanical equipment generally, and the prior art mainly adopts manual polishing, laser polishing, chemical and electrochemical polishing, abrasive flow polishing and the like, but the methods have respective limitations. In contrast, ultrasonic polishing has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, no thermal damage and chemical damage, and the like, and the cavitation effect can effectively remove a larger structure caused by powder adhesion and spheroidization in additive manufacturing. In addition, the liquid abrasive used by the method can reach any profile, and is more suitable for the precise processing of the surface of the complex structure of the additive manufacturing part. However, due to the randomness of cavitation during the ultrasonic polishing process, the distribution and movement of abrasive particles can be influenced by the cavitation, and the surface polishing is difficult. The method for controlling the motion law of cavitation bubbles and abrasive particles is an important factor for obtaining a smooth surface efficiently by an ultrasonic polishing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem, the electrorheological fluid assisted ultrasonic polishing device method for the surface of the metal additive manufacturing part is provided. The utility model discloses mainly utilize electrorheological fluids to assist ultrasonic polishing to improve the vibration material disk spare surface, realize high-efficient, high-quality polishing processing to vibration material disk spare surface.
The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:
an electrorheological fluid assisted ultrasonic polishing device, comprising: an ultrasonic processing machine tool, a polishing tool, and a working liquid container;
the ultrasonic machine tool includes: the device comprises an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter, an amplitude transformer, a vibration transmission system, a spindle feeding system and a numerical control workbench;
this device still includes: electrorheological fluid arranged in a working fluid container, superfine abrasive particles added in the electrorheological fluid and a high-voltage direct-current power supply for applying electrorheological effect;
the positive pole of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a processed metal additive manufacturing part, and the negative pole of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a polishing tool;
the polishing tool is made of stainless steel 304 material into a cylindrical electrode, and is arranged at the position to be polished on the surface of the workpiece, and the distance between the end part of the polishing tool and the processing surface is larger than the sum of the amplitude and the maximum diameter of the abrasive particles and is within 1 mm;
further, in the above-mentioned case,
the electrorheological fluid is a particle type (ER particle) electrorheological fluid which takes silicone oil as insulating base oil; the abrasive grains were SiC with an average grain size of 1 μm.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
the electrorheological fluid and the abrasive particles are mixed and diluted by silicone oil consistent with the insulating base oil used by the electrorheological fluid to prepare a processing fluid which is placed in a working fluid container.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic processing machine tool is 24kHz, the tool is arranged on the amplitude transformer in a sleeve clamping mode, and the amplitude of the front end of the tool is 70 mu m.
The processing method of the device comprises the following steps:
firstly, positioning and installing a material increase manufacturing metal piece in a working liquid container, and placing the working liquid container on a numerical control workbench, so that a workpiece can move along an X axis and a Y axis in the horizontal direction;
secondly, the polishing tool is arranged on the amplitude transformer in a sleeve clamping mode, vibrates in a high frequency mode along the axial direction under the driving of an ultrasonic system, and moves up and down along a Z axis vertical to the direction of the numerical control workbench under the driving of a main shaft feeding system;
thirdly, connecting the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply applying the electrorheological effect with the additive metal part, and connecting the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply applying the electrorheological effect with the tool;
step four, the working fluid is placed in a working fluid container, the area to be polished is submerged by the working fluid, and the tool is soaked in the working fluid;
fifthly, the end face of the front end of the tool reaches the area to be polished by controlling the feeding system and keeps a certain distance with the surface to be polished; ultrasonic vibration is applied, and under the cavitation action, adhesive particles on the surface of the metal piece for additive manufacturing and irregular structures caused by spheroidization and the like are efficiently removed;
and step six, a direct-current high-voltage power supply is switched on, an electrorheological effect is exerted, abrasive particles are effectively controlled to be gathered in the area to be polished, and the polishing effect is improved.
By adopting the technical proposal, the utility model discloses because the electric field intensity near cylindric electrode is big, abrasive particle dielectric constant is greater than electrorheological fluids dielectric constant and is greater than the bubble dielectric constant, according to dielectrophoresis principle, the abrasive particle will tend to the instrument tip to move, and the bubble will move gradually according to opposite direction; under the effect of electrorheological fluid, abrasive particles are stably restrained near a polishing tool in a chain shape, so that effective polishing of any molded surface is completed, and the surface smoothness is greatly improved;
according to the existence and the size of the applied voltage, the action and the movement rule of the abrasive particles and the cavitation bubbles can be effectively controlled, so that the polishing process is controlled;
the liquid abrasive is used, and abrasive particles can be stably restrained near a polishing tool, so that the polishing process can reach any profile, and the polishing device is suitable for polishing and processing parts with complex structures and more tiny cavities.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the electrorheological effect can enable the abrasive particles to be stably gathered in the processing field, and is beneficial to improving the effective polishing of the abrasive particles.
2. The polishing device has the advantages of convenient operation, low cost and high flexibility, and can be used for surface polishing of metal parts mainly manufactured by additive manufacturing and surface treatment of various parts which are difficult to polish and have complicated shapes and more tiny cavities.
Based on the reason above-mentioned the utility model discloses also can further be applied to the extensive popularization in the polishing processing field of the complicated profile of metal and non-metallic part.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of a surface spheroidization phenomenon of a metal additive manufactured part.
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of particle adhesion and spheroidization on the surface of a metal additive manufactured part.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the electrorheological fluid-assisted ultrasonic polishing process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the material removal mechanism involved in the polishing process.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the polishing process of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an ultrasonic processing machine tool; 2. a tool; 3. a working fluid container; 4. a workpiece to be polished; 5. and (4) processing liquid.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in fig. 4, the utility model provides an electrorheological fluid assisted ultrasonic polishing device, which comprises: an ultrasonic processing machine tool, a polishing tool, and a working liquid container;
the ultrasonic machine tool includes: the device comprises an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter, an amplitude transformer, a vibration transmission system, a spindle feeding system and a numerical control workbench;
this device still includes: electrorheological fluid arranged in a working fluid container, superfine abrasive particles added in the electrorheological fluid and a high-voltage direct-current power supply for applying electrorheological effect;
the positive pole of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a processed metal additive manufacturing part, and the negative pole of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a polishing tool;
the polishing tool is made of stainless steel 304 material into a cylindrical electrode, and is arranged at the position to be polished on the surface of the workpiece, and the distance between the end part of the polishing tool and the processing surface is larger than the sum of the amplitude and the maximum diameter of the abrasive particles and is within 1 mm;
further, in the above-mentioned case,
the electrorheological fluid is a particle type (ER particle) electrorheological fluid which takes silicone oil as insulating base oil; the abrasive grains were SiC with an average grain size of 1 μm.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
the electrorheological fluid and the abrasive particles are mixed and diluted by silicone oil consistent with the insulating base oil used by the electrorheological fluid to prepare a processing fluid which is placed in a working fluid container.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic processing machine tool is 24kHz, the tool is arranged on the amplitude transformer in a sleeve clamping mode, and the amplitude of the front end of the tool is 70 mu m.
The machining method of the electrorheological fluid assisted ultrasonic polishing device comprises the following steps:
firstly, positioning and installing a material increase manufacturing metal piece in a working liquid container, and placing the working liquid container on a numerical control workbench, so that a workpiece can move along an X axis and a Y axis in the horizontal direction;
secondly, the polishing device is arranged on an amplitude transformer in a cylinder sleeve clamping mode, vibrates in a high frequency mode along the axial direction under the driving of an ultrasonic system, and moves up and down along a Z axis vertical to the direction of the numerical control workbench under the driving of a main shaft feeding system;
thirdly, connecting the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply applying the electrorheological effect with the additive metal part, and connecting the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply applying the electrorheological effect with the tool;
step four, the working fluid is placed in a working fluid container, the area to be polished is submerged by the working fluid, and the tool is soaked in the working fluid;
fifthly, the end face of the front end of the tool reaches the area to be polished by controlling the feeding system and keeps a certain distance with the surface to be polished; ultrasonic vibration is applied, and under the cavitation action, adhesive particles on the surface of the metal piece for additive manufacturing and irregular structures caused by spheroidization and the like are efficiently removed;
and step six, a direct-current high-voltage power supply is switched on, an electrorheological effect is exerted, abrasive particles are effectively controlled to be gathered in the area to be polished, and the polishing effect is improved.
By adopting the technical proposal, the utility model discloses because the electric field intensity near cylindric electrode is big, abrasive particle dielectric constant is greater than electrorheological fluids dielectric constant and is greater than the bubble dielectric constant, according to dielectrophoresis principle, the abrasive particle will tend to the instrument tip to move, and the bubble will move gradually according to opposite direction; under the effect of electrorheological fluid, abrasive particles are stably restrained near a polishing tool in a chain shape, so that effective polishing of any molded surface is completed, and the surface smoothness is greatly improved;
according to the existence and the size of the applied voltage, the action and the movement rule of the abrasive particles and the cavitation bubbles can be effectively controlled, so that the polishing process is controlled;
the liquid abrasive is used, and abrasive particles can be stably restrained near a polishing tool, so that the polishing process can reach any profile, and the polishing device is suitable for polishing and processing parts with complex structures and more tiny cavities.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an experimental process in which an electrode is applied to an ultrasonic processing apparatus as shown in the drawing, and a sufficient processing gap is ensured between a tool and a workpiece for surface polishing, and a mixed liquid of a particle-type (ER particle) electrorheological fluid and abrasive particles is used as a processing liquid. When the power supply is switched on, under the electrorheological effect, the movement of the abrasive particles and the cavitation bubbles dispersed in the electrorheological fluid is restrained by an electric field between the two electrodes; and after the power supply is cut off, the motion state of the two parts can be returned to the original motion state. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the material removal mechanism involved in the polishing process. Under the action of ultrasonic vibration, cavitation bubbles directly impact the surface of the part, so that particles adhered in the additive manufacturing process are loosened to be separated from the surface of the part. In addition, the tiny abrasive particles in the liquid are impacted by cavitation or accelerated to the surface of the part by the tool, and tiny cutting or slight impact is formed so as to reduce the degree of surface unevenness. In the process, the existence and degree of the electrorheological effect can greatly influence the motion law of cavitation bubbles and abrasive particles in the processing liquid, and further control the polishing effect.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An electrorheological fluid assisted ultrasonic polishing device, comprising: an ultrasonic processing machine tool, a polishing tool, and a working liquid container;
the ultrasonic machine tool includes: the device comprises an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter, an amplitude transformer, a vibration transmission system, a spindle feeding system and a numerical control workbench;
it is characterized in that the device also comprises:
electrorheological fluid arranged in a working fluid container, superfine abrasive particles added in the electrorheological fluid and a high-voltage direct-current power supply for applying electrorheological effect;
the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a processed metal additive manufacturing part, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a polishing tool;
the polishing tool is made of stainless steel 304 into a cylindrical electrode and is arranged at a part to be polished on the surface of a workpiece, and the distance between the end part of the polishing tool and the processed surface is larger than the sum of the amplitude and the maximum diameter of abrasive particles and is within 1 mm.
2. The electrorheological fluid-assisted ultrasonic polishing device according to claim 1, wherein:
the electrorheological fluid is a particle type electrorheological fluid taking silicone oil as insulating base oil; the abrasive grains were SiC with an average grain size of 1 μm.
3. The electrorheological fluid-assisted ultrasonic polishing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the electrorheological fluid and the abrasive particles are mixed and diluted by silicone oil consistent with the insulating base oil used by the electrorheological fluid to prepare a processing fluid which is placed in a working fluid container.
4. The electrorheological fluid-assisted ultrasonic polishing device according to claim 3, wherein:
the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic processing machine tool is 24kHz, the tool is arranged on the amplitude transformer in a sleeve clamping mode, and the amplitude of the front end of the tool is 70 mu m.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110238714A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-17 | 大连海事大学 | Metal increasing material manufacturing part surface current becomes liquid assisting ultrasonic burnishing device and processing method |
| CN115160932A (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2022-10-11 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | Composite oxide electrorheological fluid, preparation method and polishing method |
| CN115383599A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-25 | 广东技术师范大学 | Electrophoresis-assisted self-feeding type ultra-precise micro polishing method and device |
-
2019
- 2019-07-18 CN CN201921128947.5U patent/CN210549951U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110238714A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-17 | 大连海事大学 | Metal increasing material manufacturing part surface current becomes liquid assisting ultrasonic burnishing device and processing method |
| CN115160932A (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2022-10-11 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | Composite oxide electrorheological fluid, preparation method and polishing method |
| CN115383599A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-25 | 广东技术师范大学 | Electrophoresis-assisted self-feeding type ultra-precise micro polishing method and device |
| CN115383599B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-08-15 | 广东技术师范大学 | Electrophoresis-assisted self-feeding type ultra-precise micro-polishing method and device |
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