CN210534357U

CN210534357U - Solid-liquid dual-purpose tipping bucket type rain gauge

Info

Publication number: CN210534357U
Application number: CN201920946260.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李双霞; 代华龙; 王梅娟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-11-28
Filing date: 2019-06-23
Publication date: 2020-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solid-state and liquid-state dual-purpose tipping bucket type rain gauge, which can measure both liquid precipitation and solid precipitation. The solid-liquid dual-purpose tipping bucket rain gauge comprises: the device comprises an outer barrel, a water bearing device, a tipping bucket component and a hot air component. Wherein, the outer cylinder is provided with 3 layers, the outmost layer is a heat preservation layer, the middle layer is a heating layer, and the inner layer is a stainless steel cylinder; and a resistance wire arranged on a heating layer of the outer cylinder is electrified under the action of a control circuit to heat the outer cylinder and keep the proper temperature of the outer cylinder. The water bearing device is constructed with 3 layers, the lowest layer is a heat preservation layer, the middle layer is a heating layer, the upper layer is a stainless steel cylinder, and a resistance wire arranged on the heating layer of the water bearing device heats the water bearing device after being electrified under the action of a control circuit, so that the proper temperature of the water bearing device is kept.

Description

Solid-liquid dual-purpose tipping bucket type rain gauge

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an instrument that departments such as meteorological, hydrology were used for measuring rainfall, concretely relates to can both measure the tipping bucket formula rainfall sensor of liquid rainfall also can measure solid-state rainfall.

Background

At present, the rain gauge widely used in meteorological and hydrological departments is a double-tipping bucket rain sensor which is arranged outdoors and mainly comprises a water bearing device, a loading tipping bucket, a collecting hopper, a metering tipping bucket, a counting tipping bucket, magnetic steel, a reed pipe and the like. The rain collector collects the precipitation which enters the tipping bucket through the funnel, when the rainwater is accumulated to a certain amount, the tipping bucket overturns under the action of the gravity of the water, and the water enters the collecting funnel. When the precipitation is injected into the metering tipping bucket from the throttle pipe of the collecting hopper, the natural precipitation with different strengths is adjusted to be more uniform precipitation strength so as to reduce the measurement error caused by different precipitation strengths. When the precipitation amount born by the metering tipping bucket is 0.1mm, the metering tipping bucket dumps the precipitation to the counting tipping bucket, and the counting tipping bucket is turned over once. When the counting tipping bucket is turned over, the magnetic steel related to the counting tipping bucket scans the reed pipe once. The reed switch is instantaneously closed once due to magnetization. Thus, when the precipitation amount reaches 0.1mm each time, a switch signal is sent out, and the collector automatically collects and stores the precipitation amount of 0.1 mm. The rainfall can be known by collecting the switching signal. The existing problems are that: the precipitation quantity can not be measured when solid precipitation (snow, freezing rain and ice particles) or mixed precipitation is carried out, and a cover is required to be covered when precipitation is carried out in winter, so that the damage caused by freezing inside is avoided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the problem that tipping bucket formula rainfall sensor can not be used winter, the utility model provides a technical problem who solves provides one kind and makes solid-state precipitation (snow, sleet, ice particle) melt into the mode of liquid rapidly through the mode that lasts the resistance wire heating and determine the precipitation volume. The utility model provides a technical problem adopt following technical scheme to realize:

1: the outer cylinder is made of 3 layers of materials, the outermost layer is a waterproof heat-preservation layer, the middle layer is a heating layer, and the inner layer is a stainless steel cylinder. Under the action of the control circuit, a resistance wire arranged on a heating layer of the outer cylinder is electrified to heat the outer cylinder, and the temperature control circuit can keep the proper temperature of the outer cylinder.

2: the water bearing device is made of 3 layers, the lowest layer is a waterproof heat-insulating layer, the middle layer is a heating layer, and the upper layer is a funnel-shaped stainless steel round surface. Under the action of the control circuit, a resistance wire arranged on a heating layer of the water bearing device is electrified to heat the water bearing device, and the temperature control circuit can keep the water bearing device at a proper temperature.

3: a warm air heater is arranged below the inner part of the rain gauge, a fan and a heating resistance wire are arranged in the warm air heater, hot air can be blown out under the action of a control circuit, and the proper temperature in the rain gauge is kept through a temperature control circuit.

4: the heating means may be activated manually or remotely with a control circuit.

5: the temperature control device is provided with 3 paths of temperature control circuits, and temperature sensors are arranged in the outer cylinder, the water bearing device and the inner part, so that the temperature is always in a proper level.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a solid-liquid dual-purpose rain gauge.

Fig. 2 shows a rain gauge outer barrel.

Figure 3 shows a water bearing device.

Figure 4 shows the skip assembly, sensors and chassis.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit board and hot air device assembly.

Fig. 6 shows a general block circuit diagram.

Fig. 7 shows a hot air temperature control circuit diagram.

Fig. 8 shows a rainfall acquisition circuit block diagram.

Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder and water receiver material.

Detailed Description

A temperature control circuit: fig. 7 shows a warm air control circuit, the temperature sensor is an LM35 temperature sensor produced by National Semiconductor, the output voltage and the temperature scale are in a linear relationship, the output at 0 is 0V, the output voltage is 1 ℃ higher per liter, and the output voltage is increased by 10 mV. The signal amplifying circuit adopts a low-cost four-way operational amplifier LM324, and the voltage comparing circuit adopts an LM 393. The working principle is as follows: before solid precipitation (snowfall, ice particles and freezing rain) comes in winter, after the device is turned on manually or by remote control (control signal high potential), LM35 outputs voltage according to temperature, and the voltage is amplified by 50 times through LM324 and then is input to the 3 feet at the non-inverting input end of LM 393. Compared with the reference voltage of 1.5V of the pin 2 at the inverting input end, the output is carried out to a triode Q2 through a pin 1. When the design temperature of the circuit is lower than 3 ℃, the LM35 outputs less than 30mv, the LM324 is amplified and then outputs less than 1.5v to the 3 pins of the LM393, the LM393 is lower than the 2 pins (1.5v) of the LM393, the 1 pin of the LM393 outputs low potential, the triode Q2 is conducted, the relay is attracted, the resistance wire starts to heat, and the fan starts. When the temperature is higher than 3 ℃, the LM35 outputs more than 30mv, the LM324 is amplified and then outputs more than 1.5v to the 3 pin of the LM393, the LM393 is higher than the 2 pin (1.5v) of the LM393, the 1 pin of the LM393 outputs high potential, the triode Q2 is cut off, the relay is not attracted, and the resistance wire and the fan do not work. Besides, the water bearing device and the outer cylinder temperature control circuit are the same except that no fan motor is arranged, and the description is not repeated.

The rainfall acquisition is shown in figure 1. When solid precipitation (snow, frozen rain and ice particles) or mixed precipitation exists, the temperature is generally below 3 ℃, the temperature control circuit works to keep the temperature of the rain gauge and the water bearing device at about 3 ℃ all the time, the solid precipitation falling on the inner side of the outer cylinder 2 of the rain sensor and above the water bearing device 1 is melted, the solid precipitation which is changed into liquid water flows into the skip bucket 7 through the upper funnel 4 after being filtered, when the rainwater is accumulated to a certain amount, the skip bucket is turned over due to the gravity action of the water, the water enters the collecting funnel 8, the natural precipitation with different strengths is adjusted to be more uniform precipitation strength, then the liquid water is injected into the metering skip bucket 11 through the throttle pipe, and when the precipitation born by the metering skip bucket is 0.1mm, the metering skip bucket 11 dumps the precipitation to the counting skip bucket 14, so that the counting skip bucket 14 turns over once. When the counting tipping bucket 14 is turned over, the magnetic steel 13 fixed on the counting tipping bucket 14 scans the reed pipe 12 once. The reed switch 12 is momentarily closed once by magnetization. Thus, when the precipitation amount reaches 0.1mm each time, a switch signal is sent out, and the precipitation (snow) amount can be measured by counting the conduction times of the reed pipe 12 and is output to a computer. The internal hot air device ensures that the tipping bucket assembly is not frozen. The power supply is from commercial power or a storage battery, and the temperature is automatically controlled by three parts of the outer cylinder 2, the water bearing device 1, hot air and the like by a temperature control circuit. In summer, liquid rainfall does not need heating, and the measuring principle is the same as the above. The tilt angle positioning adjustment screw 10 can adjust the measurement accuracy.

Fig. 1 shows a solid-liquid dual-purpose rain gauge, which comprises an outer cylinder 2, a water receiver 1, a tipping bucket assembly (shown in fig. 4), hot air equipment (shown in fig. 5), a filter cover 3, an upper funnel 4, a fixed support 5, an adjusting screw 6, an upper tipping bucket 7, a collecting funnel 8, a control circuit 9, an adjusting screw 10, a metering tipping bucket 11, a reed pipe 12, magnetic steel 13, a counting tipping bucket 14 and a drainage funnel 15.

Fig. 2 shows the outer cylinder of the rain gauge, which is made of the material shown in fig. 9, wherein the outer layer is a waterproof heat-insulating layer 21, the middle layer is a heating layer 22, and the inner layer is stainless steel 23.

Fig. 3 shows the water bearing device, the material composition is as shown in fig. 9, the lowest layer is a waterproof heat preservation layer 21, the middle layer is a heating layer 22, and the uppermost layer is stainless steel 23.

Fig. 4 shows a tipping bucket assembly, a sensor and a chassis, which are composed of an upper tipping bucket 4, a fixed support 5, an adjusting screw 6, an upper tipping bucket 7, a collecting hopper 8, an adjusting screw 10, a metering tipping bucket 11, a counting tipping bucket 14, magnetic steel 13, a reed pipe 12, a drainage hopper 15 and the like.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit board and hot air device assembly. Is arranged in a closed stainless steel box and is hung on the inner wall of the outer cylinder according to the chassis for more than 5 cm. Adopts a side air inlet and lower air outlet mode, and comprises a control circuit board 9, fan blades 16, a motor 17, an air inlet 18, a heating resistance wire 19 and an air outlet 20.

Fig. 6 shows a general block circuit diagram. The temperature is controlled by three paths of the outer cylinder 2, the hot air device and the water bearing device 1.

Fig. 7 shows a hot air temperature control circuit diagram, which can remotely and manually turn on the heating device.

Fig. 8 shows a rainfall acquisition circuit block diagram. When the counting tipping bucket 14 is turned over, the magnetic steel 13 sweeps the reed pipe 12, and the reed pipe 12 is closed once and is output through a cable.

Fig. 9 shows a material sectional view of the outer cylinder 2 and the water receiver 1. Comprises a 3-layer structure, namely a waterproof heat-preservation layer 21, a heating layer 22 and stainless steel 23.

The utility model discloses waterproof measure does: the temperature control circuit and the air heater are sealed by a stainless steel box, and the side air inlet and the side air outlet are suspended on the inner wall of the outer barrel and are more than 5cm away from the chassis. The precipitation flows out of the rain gauge from the drainage funnel through the central part of the chassis. As shown in fig. 1.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, solid-state precipitation (snow) volume can be measured winter to this tipping bucket formula rainfall sensor, can measure liquid precipitation volume summer, the low price, simple structure, it is convenient to maintain.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid dual-purpose tipping bucket rain gauge is characterized by comprising:

the outer cylinder is constructed with 3 layers, the outermost layer is a heat-insulating layer, the middle layer is a heating layer, and the inner layer is a stainless steel cylinder; and a resistance wire arranged on the heating layer of the outer cylinder is electrified under the action of a control circuit to heat the outer cylinder, so that the proper temperature of the outer cylinder is maintained.

2. The solid and liquid dual-purpose dump bucket rain gauge of claim 1, further comprising:

the water bearing device is constructed with 3 layers, the lowest layer is a heat preservation layer, the middle layer is a heating layer, the upper layer is a stainless steel cylinder, and a resistance wire arranged on the heating layer of the water bearing device heats the water bearing device after being electrified under the action of a control circuit, so that the proper temperature of the water bearing device is maintained.

3. The solid and liquid dual-purpose dump bucket rain gauge of claim 1, further comprising:

the rain gauge is characterized in that a warm air heater is arranged below the inner part of the rain gauge and internally provided with a fan and a heating resistance wire, and under the action of a control circuit, the warm air heater blows hot air to keep the proper temperature of the rain gauge.

4. The dual-purpose solid and liquid dump bucket rain gauge of claim 2, further comprising:

and the temperature control circuit is provided with temperature sensing probes respectively arranged in the outer barrel and the water bearing device.