CN210475817U - TIG excitation welding gun for deep and narrow gap - Google Patents
TIG excitation welding gun for deep and narrow gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN210475817U CN210475817U CN201921368817.9U CN201921368817U CN210475817U CN 210475817 U CN210475817 U CN 210475817U CN 201921368817 U CN201921368817 U CN 201921368817U CN 210475817 U CN210475817 U CN 210475817U
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Abstract
A TIG excitation welder for dark narrow clearance, including TIG welder, fixedly connected with excitation unit on TIG welder, excitation unit includes magnetic conduction stick and excitation coil, magnetic conduction stick fixed connection is on nonmetal insulation board, fixed connection between nonmetal insulation board and the welder, two magnetic head ends of magnetic conduction stick are located welder lower extreme tungsten utmost point front and back respectively, the fore-and-aft direction indicates the welding direction, two magnetic heads of magnetic conduction stick are just to welder lower extreme tungsten utmost point, the winding has excitation coil on the magnetic conduction stick, excitation coil is connected with DC power supply and direct current direction adjustment change circuit. The utility model provides a during the welding of dark narrow gap because of the lateral wall mother metal does not melt the lateral wall problem that does not fuse that appears.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a welder, in particular to TIG welder belongs to the welding technology field.
Background
In narrow gap welding with TIG welding gun, the welding gun is difficult to incline transversely during welding, the fusion of the side wall is not good, the side wall is not fused, namely the liquid filling metal is directly cooled on the solid base metal during welding, and the defect that the welding seam metal and the base metal are not fused and combined together is formed. The defect is a surface defect, which is a non-fusion between layers. When the joint bears tensile stress, cracks are easily generated at the position, the tensile limit is greatly reduced, the joint is broken, when the deep and narrow gap welding is carried out, due to the limitation of the diameter of a welding gun, the width of the gap and the depth of the gap, multiple welding is not available, the welding gun cannot swing for welding, and single welding cannot fill up a welding seam, even if the gap is filled up by forcibly increasing the amount of liquid filling metal, the side wall cannot be fused because electric arcs cannot provide enough heat, and even the defects of incomplete welding, air holes, inclusion and the like are caused. When the joint bears tensile stress, the unfused defect is a source of cracks, the mechanical property of the welded joint is seriously reduced, and great potential safety hazard exists.
In order to solve the problem, technicians in the industry adopt various methods, wherein 1, an oblique electrode is adopted, and the electrode is rotated in the welding process, so that the problem that the side walls are not fused can be solved to a certain extent, but a rotating mechanism needs to be added, the structure is complex, and the adaptability to welding seams with different widths is poor; 2. two welding guns are adopted, and the welding mode has poor strength after welding. In the welding of narrow gap welding seams at present, even if the technology overcomes the problem of side wall unfused to a certain extent, the depth of the welding seams which can be welded at present is at most 180mm due to the limitation of the structure of a welding gun, so any technology cannot be applied to the deeper welding seams (namely, the deep and narrow gaps). A flat welding gun appearing abroad can realize deep and narrow gap welding, but the price is very expensive, the cheapest welding gun is more than 200 ten thousand, the price is high to 5000 ten thousand yuan, and the flat welding gun is generally used for welding occasions such as nuclear power and the like. At present, in order to solve the problem of welding quality influenced by incomplete fusion of the side wall of the deep and narrow gap, a large and deep groove (such as in the manufacture of a large end socket) needs to be formed in a plurality of deep and narrow gap welding scenes, so that the processing process is complicated, more consumables need to be filled in the welding process, the welding efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
The magnetic control welding technology is a welding technology which is favored day by day, namely an external magnetic field is adopted to regulate and control the welding process. The external magnetic field can act on the welding arc and also can act on a welding molten pool. The arc shape can be changed, and the melting of the base metal and the formation of the welding seam can be influenced, so that the mechanical property of the welding seam is improved, the sensitivity of welding defects such as air holes, cracks and the like is reduced, and a high-quality welding seam is obtained. According to the relation between the direction of the generated magnetic field line and the welding direction and the axial direction of the welding gun, the external magnetic field can be divided into a longitudinal magnetic field, a transverse magnetic field and a sharp-angle magnetic field. However, the application of magnetron welding in industry is not wide, mainly because the following defects exist in the research of magnetron welding technology by welding workers in the prior art:
(1) the theory research is emphasized, and the method cannot be used for industrial welding. That is, the excitation device in question cannot be used in industry on a large scale due to size and position limitations and the failure of the excitation device to form linkage with the welding gun;
(2) during the transverse magnetic field study:
(3) In the research process of the longitudinal magnetic field, the diameter of the electric arc is reduced, and the purpose of increasing energy density and further increasing fusion depth is achieved. However, this increase is not very significant and secondly the problem of sidewall unfused cannot be solved.
(4) In the research process of the sharp-angle magnetic field, the aim is to simultaneously generate a longitudinal magnetic field and a transverse magnetic field by using a more complex magnetic generating device, increase the energy density of an arc column region, change TIG welding electric arc into an ellipse and weaken the compression effect of electric arc pressure on a molten pool. This approach does not solve the sidewall unfused problem.
In conclusion, the magnetic control welding cannot be effectively and conveniently utilized in the actual welding process due to the complexity and size limitation of the excitation device, so that innovative improvement is required to increase the industrial application value of the magnetic control welding.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned problem that exists in the present dark narrow gap welding, provide a TIG excitation welder for dark narrow gap.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the following technical proposal is adopted: a TIG excitation welder for dark narrow clearance, including TIG welder, fixedly connected with excitation unit on TIG welder, excitation unit includes magnetic conduction stick and excitation coil, magnetic conduction stick fixed connection is on nonmetal insulation board, fixed connection between nonmetal insulation board and the welder, two magnetic head ends of magnetic conduction stick are located welder lower extreme tungsten utmost point front and back respectively, the place ahead indicates the welding direction, two magnetic heads of magnetic conduction stick are just to welder lower extreme tungsten utmost point, the winding has excitation coil on the magnetic conduction stick, excitation coil is connected with DC power supply and DC current direction adjustment change circuit.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the distance between the two magnetic head ends is more than or equal to 45 mm.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the tungsten electrode at the lower end of the welding gun is arranged between the two magnetic heads.
The utility model discloses an actively beneficial technological effect lies in: the welding gun and the welding method can generate an external alternating transverse magnetic field with magnetic lines of force vertical to the axis of the electric arc but parallel to the welding direction. The alternating external transverse magnetic field can enable the TIG welding electric arc to periodically swing in the direction vertical to the welding direction, and the swinging electric arc can periodically act on the side wall on the basis of melting the filler metal of the welding seam to input enough heat for the side wall. Under the condition that the side wall obtains enough heat, the base metal is firstly melted, and under the action of the surface tension of the liquid metal, the melted liquid base metal and the liquid filling metal are fused to form a welding line together, so that the problem that the side wall is not fused because the base metal of the side wall is not melted during deep and narrow gap welding is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a weld gun of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the excitation device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of deflection during one period.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully explain the implementation of the present invention, the implementation examples of the present invention are provided, which are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention is explained in further detail in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: 1: a welding gun; 2: a ceramic plate; 3: a coil; 4: a magnetic conducting rod; 5: a wire feeding pipe; 6: a direct current power supply; 7: a normal switch; 8: a slide rheostat; 9: a first double-control switch; 10: and a second double-control switch.
In the present application, deep and narrow gaps are particularly suitable for gaps with a depth greater than 180 mm.
As shown in the attached drawings, the TIG excitation welding gun for deep and narrow gaps comprises a TIG welding gun 1, a wire feeding pipe 5 is arranged on the original equipment, an excitation device is fixedly connected on the TIG welding gun, the excitation device comprises a magnetic conduction rod 4, the magnetic conduction rod 4 is fixedly connected on a nonmetal insulation board, in the implementation, the nonmetal insulation board is a ceramic board, the nonmetal insulation board is fixedly connected with the welding gun, two magnetic head ends of the magnetic conduction rod are respectively positioned in front of and behind a tungsten electrode at the lower end of the welding gun, the tungsten electrode at the lower end of the welding gun is positioned between two magnetic heads, the front part indicates the welding direction, the distance between the two magnetic head ends is more than or equal to 45mm, the distance between the two magnetic head ends is an air gap of the excitation device, as shown by L in fig. 1, the two magnetic heads of the magnetic conduction rod are opposite to the tungsten electrode of the welding gun, in the device, the current direction adjusting and changing circuit is realized by a double-control switch I and a double-control switch II which are shown by 9 and 10 in fig. 2, an excitation coil and a slide rheostat are connected with a direct current power supply in series in fig. 2, the slide rheostat is used for adjusting the excitation current, the double-control switch composed by 9 and 10 in fig. 2 can adopt two direct current solid-state relays, the control currents (control signals) of the two direct current solid-state relays are connected with a controller, the output end of the two direct current solid-state relays is connected with the excitation coil in fig. 2, namely the output end of the two direct current solid. When welding, the controller inputs a current on-off frequency command of the two direct current solid-state relays, and the two direct current solid-state relays control the current to be switched on and off under a certain frequency under the command, so that the current (exciting current) at the output ends of the two direct current solid-state relays is switched on and off under the frequency, and the purpose of switching the direction of the exciting current is achieved. The technology that a controller controls a solid-state relay to automatically open and close is commonly used in the field, and under the action of the technology, an exciting current switches directions at a certain frequency, so that the exciting coil generates a transverse magnetic field with a period changing.
For the excitation device in the present application, the following is a parameter selection table of the excitation coil and the magnetic conduction bar:
the magnetic conduction rod adopts a 6mm cylinder, and the total length is not less than 428.2 mm. The width of the whole device can be optimized to 16-18mm, the device can be deeply welded in a narrow gap, the actual requirement is met, and the arc swing can provide enough heat for the side wall of the deep and narrow gap so as to solve the problem that the side wall is not fused during the welding of the deep and narrow gap. The amplitude of the single-side swing of the electric arc can reach 28mm, and the maximum action width of the swing electric arc can reach 56 mm. The welding gun is suitable for welding a deep and narrow gap with the width larger than 20-40mm, the welding depth is not limited, and the cost of the whole welding gun is about ten thousand yuan.
When the welding gun is used for welding a deep and narrow gap, the welding gun can comprise the following steps:
a: starting a welding gun and an excitation device by adopting a TIG excitation welding gun for a deep and narrow gap, and applying excitation currents with different magnitudes to obtain a unilateral swing amplitude value of an electric arc under different excitation currents;
b: selecting single-pass or multi-pass welding according to the width of the welding seam, when the difference between the width of the excitation welding gun and the width of the deep narrow gap is within 8mm, the excitation welding gun is positioned in the center of the deep narrow gap, adopting single-pass welding, and when the difference between the width of the excitation welding gun and the width of the deep narrow gap is more than 8mm, the excitation welding gun starts to weld from one side of the deep narrow gap, adopting multi-pass welding;
c: when single-pass welding is carried out, an exciting device is started, an exciting current direction adjusting and changing circuit enables the current direction in an exciting coil to be switched at a certain frequency, a transverse alternating magnetic field is generated between two magnetic heads, a TIG welding gun is started to enable the welding gun to advance along the welding direction, and an electric arc periodically swings in the width direction of a welding seam under the action of the alternating magnetic field in the advancing process; when multi-pass welding is adopted, alternating current or direct current passes through an excitation coil in the welding process involving the side wall base metal, when the welding process without involving the side wall base metal is carried out, no current passes through the excitation coil, when excitation current is needed, proper direct current or alternating current is selected as the excitation current according to the needed arc oscillation amplitude, the single-side oscillation amplitude value of the arc is larger than one half of the width of an excitation welding gun after a magnetic field generated by the excitation current acts on the arc, the oscillating arc can act on the side wall base metal, the single-side oscillation amplitude value of the arc is one half of the width of the excitation welding gun plus 2-5mm, and the base metal is heated;
d: when welding at the tail end, the welding gun is firstly closed, and then the excitation power supply is disconnected.
After the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is intended that all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical spirit of the present invention shall fall within the technical scope of the present invention, and the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments illustrated in the description.
Claims (3)
1. A TIG excitation welder for dark narrow clearance, including TIG welder, its characterized in that: fixedly connected with excitation unit on TIG welder, excitation unit includes magnetic conduction stick and excitation coil, and magnetic conduction stick fixed connection is on nonmetal insulation board, and fixed connection between nonmetal insulation board and the welder, two magnetic head ends of magnetic conduction stick are located welder lower extreme tungsten utmost point front and back respectively, and the place ahead indicates the welding direction, and two magnetic heads of magnetic conduction stick are just to welder lower extreme tungsten utmost point, and the winding has excitation coil on the magnetic conduction stick, and excitation coil is connected with DC power supply and direct current direction adjustment change circuit.
2. A TIG excitation welding gun for deep narrow gap according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the two magnetic head ends is more than or equal to 45 mm.
3. A TIG excitation welding gun for deep narrow gap according to claim 1, wherein: and the tungsten electrode at the lower end of the welding gun is positioned between the two magnetic heads.
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| CN201921368817.9U CN210475817U (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2019-08-22 | TIG excitation welding gun for deep and narrow gap |
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| CN201921368817.9U CN210475817U (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2019-08-22 | TIG excitation welding gun for deep and narrow gap |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110405326A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-05 | 焦作智造机电设备有限公司 | TIG excitation welding gun and welding method for deep narrow gap |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110405326A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-05 | 焦作智造机电设备有限公司 | TIG excitation welding gun and welding method for deep narrow gap |
| CN110405326B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2024-01-26 | 焦作智造机电设备有限公司 | TIG excitation welding gun for deep and narrow gap and welding method |
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