CN108581156A - Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament and welding method - Google Patents
Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108581156A CN108581156A CN201810629875.6A CN201810629875A CN108581156A CN 108581156 A CN108581156 A CN 108581156A CN 201810629875 A CN201810629875 A CN 201810629875A CN 108581156 A CN108581156 A CN 108581156A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
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Abstract
The invention belongs to welding technology field, double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices and welding method based on center heated filament, including flow control apparatus, workpiece, wire feeder and welding gun are disclosed；Welding gun includes welding wire, MIG welderings ignition tip, the contained nozzle of plasma, protection gas hood and double tungsten electrodes；Double tungsten electrodes are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of MIG weldering ignition tips, and plasma is restrained nozzle and is located on the outside of double tungsten electrodes, and protection gas hood is located at plasma and restrains on the outside of nozzle；Flow control apparatus includes Plasma Welding power supply, high frequency oscillation starting the arc device, IGBT flow controls module, current regulator and current signal detector；Present invention welding is highly efficient, improves deposition efficiency, accelerates appearance of weld and improves welding quality, reduce weld defect, welding process is stablized；The symmetric double tungsten electrode arrangement that center fills silk, improves flexibility when welding gun welding, solves the problems, such as arc blow caused by heated filament electric arc.It is suitable for the electric arc material increasing field of metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology fields, more particularly to double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament with
Welding method.
Background technology
Plasma arc welding (PAW) refers to using plasma arc high-energy density line as the fusion welding method of welding heat source.Deng from
There is energy to concentrate for subarc welding, productivity is high, speed of welding is fast, stress deformation is small, it is electric it is lonely stablize and suitable for welding thin plate and
The features such as box lumber, particularly suitable for various infusibilities, oxidizable and metal material strong heat sensitivity welding.
Gas by electric arc heated generate dissociation, compressed when passing through water-cooled nozzle at a high speed, energization density and from
Xie Du forms plasma arc.Its stability, calorific value and temperature is all higher than general electric arc, thus has larger penetration power
And speed of welding.The gas and the protective gas around it for forming plasma arc generally use straight argon.According to the material of various workpiece
Property also has the mixed gas mixed using helium, nitrogen, argon or in which the two.
The generation of plasma arc：Add a high voltage between tungsten electrode and nozzle or between tungsten electrode and workpiece, through high frequency vibrating
Swinging makes gas ionization form free electric arc, which is formed plasma arc by following three compression.1. mechanical compression is imitated
Answer --- electric arc makes electric arc section be restricted in, is unable to spread by there is the water-cooled nozzle channel of certain pore size.2. hot pressing
Contracting effect --- when being passed through the argon gas or nitrogen of certain pressure and flow, cold airflow equably surrounds electric arc, makes outside electric arc
It encloses and is cooled down strongly, charged particle is forced to flow to arc column center concentration, arc column is further compressed.3. electromagnetism shrinks effect
Answer --- the electronics of directed movement, ion stream are exactly the current－carrying conductor being mutually parallel, and are made in the magnetic field that arc column electric current itself generates
Under, the electromagnetic force of generation makes lonely column further shrink.After three of the above pinch effect, energy height concentrates on directly electric arc
In the arc column of diameter very little, the gas in arc column is ionized into plasma, therefore referred to as plasma arc.Work as nozzle of small diameter,
When big gas flow and increase electric current, the speed that flame passes are sprayed from nozzle is very high, has prodigious impact force, this etc.
Ion arc is known as " harsh arc ", is mainly used for cutting metal.If conversely, by plasma arc be adjusted to temperature is relatively low, impact force compared with
Hour, which is known as " flexible arc ", is mainly used for welding.
Ion-gas and protection gas are straight argon when welding.Plasma arc welding (PAW) electrode used therein is generally tungsten electrode, with tungsten argon arc
Weld it is identical, it is domestic mainly to use thoriated tungsten electrode and cerium tungsten electrode, it is external also to use zirconium tungsten electrode and zirconium pole, also need filling metal sometimes.One
As be all made of straight polarity direct current method, tungsten bar connects cathode.Therefore PLASMA ARC WELDING is substantially a kind of tungsten electrode gas with pinch effect
Body protection weldering.
PLASMA ARC WELDING belongs to one of three big high energy beam welding methods.Plasma arc is by water-cooled nozzle to free electric arc
Arc column carry out strong compression, the temperature, energy density and plasma flow velocity of electric arc can be significantly improved.Since plasma arc is higher
Energy density, keyhole effect can be formed in the welding process, have welding seam deep width ratio is big, heat affected area is narrow, welding production effect
The high advantage of rate.But during traditional plasma landfilling area, with electrode almost at 90 jiaos, this comes welding wire to welded bands
Difficulty, is mainly manifested in：Welding gun end volume is big, reliability of positioning is poor；Wire feeder limits the flexibility of welding equipment
And accessibility, and wire feeder determines that welding gun can only weld in one direction；Electric arc heat is respectively used to fusing weldment and weldering
Silk, speed of welding are unable to get further raising.
The patent of Patent No. CN103817449A proposes a kind of plasma arc and melt pole electrical arc complex welding method
And welder, preheating or joint penetration are carried out to welded piece using plasma arc in front end along welding direction, adopted in rear end
By wire melting and weld seam is filled with melt pole electrical arc.This method, consumable electrode plasma Composite welding gun, is greatly improved using one
The flexibility of welding gun and accessibility, are easy to implement the automation of welding, meanwhile, utilize MIG electric arcs and plasma-arc to generate
Composite arc welding wire is heated, welding efficiency can be greatlyd improve.But this method is in welding, to improve welding effect
Rate needs the welding current for increasing plasma arc and MIG electric arcs so that workpiece heat input is larger, is also easy to produce that welding deformation is big, group
The problems such as knitting degradation.
The patent of Patent No. CN105215525A proposes a kind of bypass heated filament plasma arc welding (PAW) connection device and welding side
Method, this method are obtained when carrying out keyhole plasma welding using highly efficient wire feeding mode and side-arcing heated filament technology
Very high wire melting efficiency is obtained, efficiently to be filled to the gap that plasma arc generates, and is accurately controlled using by-pass shunt
The heat input of workpiece processed, so as to greatly improve welding efficiency and welding quality.This method is in welding, due in welding wire
, can be by certain electric current on welding wire before being sent into molten bath, there are one and main welding circuit in this way between workpiece and welding wire
Adjacent heater current circuit.It is formed by magnetic field in heater current circuit, welding arc can be made by a magnetic field force
With and deviate original direction, generate arc blow, arc blow can produce the accurate positionin of weld shape and electric arc in hot wire welding
Raw detrimental effect, to influence appearance of weld and welding quality.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to open flexibility is strong, bonding speed is high, improve welding quality based on center heated filament
Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices and welding method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament, including flow control apparatus, workpiece 14,3 and of wire feeder
Welding gun 15；
Welding gun 15 includes welding wire 4, MIG welderings ignition tip 5, the contained nozzle 6 of plasma, protection gas hood 7 and double tungsten electrodes 13；Welding wire
4 one end is in wire feeder 3, and the other end of welding wire 4 is inserted into MIG weldering ignition tips 5, and double tungsten electrodes 13 are symmetrically distributed in MIG
The both sides of ignition tip 5 are welded, plasma restrains nozzle 6 and is located at 13 outside of double tungsten electrodes, and protection gas hood 7 is located at plasma and restrains nozzle 6
Outside；Welding gun 15 is located at 14 top of workpiece；
Flow control apparatus includes Plasma Welding power supply 1, high frequency oscillation starting the arc device 2, IGBT flow controls module 8, current regulator 9
It is connect with workpiece 14 and IGBT flow controls module 8 with the anode of current signal detector 12, Plasma Welding power supply 1, IGBT flow controls
Module 8 also welds ignition tip 5 with MIG and current regulator 9 is connect, and the detection coil of current regulator 9 is sleeved on Plasma Welding electricity
The branch road that the anode in source 1 is connect with workpiece 14, the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply 1 are connect with high frequency oscillation starting the arc device 2, high frequency
Concussion starting the arc device 2 is also connect with double tungsten electrodes 13.
Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding methods based on center heated filament, comprise the steps of：
Step (1)：According to preparation of the type of workpiece according to relevant criterion selection welding wire and before being welded, connection weldering
Connect equipment and device；
Step (2)：After welding equipment connects, the neck-in of double tungsten electrodes is adjusted so that double tungsten electrodes weld ignition tip with MIG
At a certain size angle, the angle and height of welding gun are then adjusted, makes welding gun axis perpendicular to workpiece, and plasma restrains spray
Mouth at workpiece height away from a certain range, Plasma Welding power supply is opened, according to actual needs, setting plasma current,
Heater current, plasma gas flow rate, protection air-flow amount, wire feed rate, speed of welding, and restrain nozzle to double tungsten electrodes and plasma
Between be sent into ion-gas, to plasma restrain nozzle and protection gas hood between be sent into protection gas；
Step (3)：Start high frequency oscillation starting the arc device, generate plasma-arc, can be formed into a loop between welding wire and double tungsten electrodes,
Heated filament electric arc is generated, the electric current of heated filament electric arc flows to the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply through welding wire with double tungsten electrodes；
Step (4)：In welding process, the electric current of workpiece is flowed through according to current signal detectors measure, passes through current regulation
Device adjusts the size of current of heated filament electric arc, under the premise of ensureing certain appearance of weld and welding quality, increases heated filament electric arc
Size of current.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is welded using the plasma arc that double tungsten electrodes for being symmetrically placed in gun body are generated with workpiece, by welding wire from
The centre of double tungsten electrodes is sent to the center of plasma arc, highly efficient；In welding, the bypass of welding wire and double tungsten electrodes generations is utilized
Electric arc carrys out filler wire, improves its deposition efficiency；Meanwhile bypass cored arc has shunting function to main road plasma current,
The heat input to workpiece is accurately controlled by adjusting by-pass current, accelerate appearance of weld and improves welding quality, welding is reduced and lacks
It falls into, ensures the stabilization of welding process；The symmetric double tungsten electrode arrangement that center fills silk, improves the flexibility and reachable when welding gun welding
Property, it is easy to implement the automation of welding；Meanwhile the symmetric double tungsten electrode arrangement that center fills silk solves arc blow caused by heated filament electric arc
Problem.The heated filament electric arc that the present invention is generated using welding wire with double tungsten electrodes improves the melting efficiency of welding wire come filler wire, solves
The problem of traditional heated filament mode cannot carry out effective heated filament to the material with good conductivity such as aluminium, copper.The present invention not only may be used
For the welding of metal structure, it is also applied for the electric arc material increasing field of metal.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices and welding method operating diagram based on center heated filament.
Specific implementation mode
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Such as Fig. 1, double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament, including flow control apparatus, workpiece 14, wire-feed motor
Structure 3 and welding gun 15；
Welding gun 15 includes welding wire 4, MIG welderings ignition tip 5, the contained nozzle 6 of plasma, protection gas hood 7 and double tungsten electrodes 13；Welding wire
4 one end is in wire feeder 3, and the other end of welding wire 4 is inserted into MIG weldering ignition tips 5, and double tungsten electrodes 13 are symmetrically distributed in MIG
The both sides of ignition tip 5 are welded, plasma restrains nozzle 6 and is located at 13 outside of double tungsten electrodes, and protection gas hood 7 is located at plasma and restrains nozzle 6
Outside；Welding gun 15 is located at 14 top of workpiece；
Flow control apparatus includes Plasma Welding power supply 1, high frequency oscillation starting the arc device 2, IGBT flow controls module 8, current regulator 9
It is connect with workpiece 14 and IGBT flow controls module 8 with the anode of current signal detector 12, Plasma Welding power supply 1, IGBT flow controls
Module 8 also welds ignition tip 5 with MIG and current regulator 9 is connect, and the detection coil of current regulator 9 is sleeved on Plasma Welding electricity
The branch road that the anode in source 1 is connect with workpiece 14, the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply 1 are connect with high frequency oscillation starting the arc device 2, high frequency
Concussion starting the arc device 2 is also connect with double tungsten electrodes 13.
Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding methods based on center heated filament, comprise the steps of：
Step (1)：According to preparation of the type of workpiece according to relevant criterion selection welding wire and before being welded, connection weldering
Connect equipment and device；
Step (2)：After welding equipment connects, the neck-in of double tungsten electrodes is adjusted so that double tungsten electrodes weld ignition tip with MIG
At a certain size angle, the angle and height of welding gun are then adjusted, makes welding gun axis perpendicular to workpiece, and plasma restrains spray
Mouth at workpiece height away from a certain range, Plasma Welding power supply is opened, according to actual needs, setting plasma current,
Heater current, plasma gas flow rate, protection air-flow amount, wire feed rate, speed of welding, and restrain nozzle to double tungsten electrodes and plasma
Between be sent into ion-gas, to plasma restrain nozzle and protection gas hood between be sent into protection gas；
Step (3)：Start high frequency oscillation starting the arc device, generate plasma-arc, can be formed into a loop between welding wire and double tungsten electrodes,
Heated filament electric arc is generated, the electric current of heated filament electric arc flows to the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply through welding wire with double tungsten electrodes；
Step (4)：In welding process, the electric current of workpiece is flowed through according to current signal detectors measure, passes through current regulation
Device adjusts the size of current of heated filament electric arc, under the premise of ensureing certain appearance of weld and welding quality, increases heated filament electric arc
Size of current.
When work, inside welding gun, welding wire is from welding gun centrally through double tungsten electrodes and welding wire are angled, about 10-30
Degree, be symmetrically arranged in the both sides of welding wire and connect respectively with the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply, welding wire by MIG weld ignition tip and
IGBT flow control modules connect, and in the outside of double tungsten electrodes, are disposed with plasma and restrain nozzle and inwardly lead to ion-gas, by double tungsten
The electric arc that pole is generated with workpiece carries out compression and generates plasma arc, restrains the outside of nozzle in plasma, is disposed with protection gas hood,
And nozzle and logical protection gas among protection gas hood are restrained to plasma, to realize the protection to welding.Using sending for center heated filament
Silk mode, makes wire feed that directionality be not present, and the problem of in welding process without the concern for welding direction, is suitable for the weldering of all positon
It connects.In addition, the vertical center for being sent to plasma arc of welding wire can be realized arc energy by the wire feeding mode of center heated filament
Efficiently use, improve the melting efficiency of welding wire.Arrange that welding wire generates heated filament electricity with double tungsten electrodes respectively using symmetrical double tungsten electrodes
Arc can eliminate the directionality of heated filament electric arc, solve the problems, such as arc blow caused by heated filament electric arc, to improve the steady of welding arc
Qualitative and weld seam forming quality.In welding, open Plasma Welding power supply and by high frequency oscillation Igniting unit ignite etc. from
Sub- electric arc, at this point, can be formed into a loop between welding wire and double tungsten electrodes, to the heated filament electric arc at the center of igniting.Heated filament electric arc is to welding wire
With great heating effect, the fusing of welding wire can be accelerated, and since the electric current of the center heated filament electric arc is directly by double tungsten
Pole flows to the cathode of power supply, need not can be passed to greatly to center heated filament electric arc by current regulator by workpiece, therefore
Electric current, without will produce workpiece under the influence of high current, the problems such as coarse grains, strength reduction.In welding process, Ke Yigen
According to the size for the electric current that current signal detector detects, the electric current that center heated filament electric arc is rationally adjusted by current regulator is big
It is small, under the premise of ensureing certain appearance of weld and welding quality, the size of current of center heated filament electric arc can be increased, improved
The deposition rate of welding wire, to greatly improve welding efficiency.Flow through the branch that IGBT flow controls module is connected with MIG weldering ignition tips
Electric current is Ip, the electric current for flowing through the positive branch being connect with workpiece of Plasma Welding power supply is Im, flow through Plasma Welding power supply
The electric current that cathode connect branch with high frequency oscillation starting the arc device is I=Im+Ip。
Embodiment 1：Double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding methods based on center heated filament, comprise the steps of：
Step (1)：According to preparation of the type of workpiece according to relevant criterion selection welding wire and before being welded, according to figure
Connecting welding equipment shown in 1 and device；
Step (2)：After welding equipment connects, adjust the neck-in of double tungsten electrodes, adjusting range 0.5mm-3.2mm it
Between so that double tungsten electrodes, at a certain size angle, then adjust the angle and height of welding gun, make welding gun axis with MIG weldering ignition tips
Line is perpendicular to workpiece so that and it is about 4mm-20mm that plasma, which restrains nozzle away from workpiece height, opens Plasma Welding power supply, according to
Actual needs, setting plasma current, heater current, plasma gas flow rate, protection air-flow amount, wire feed rate, speed of welding, and
It is sent into ion-gas between restraining nozzle to double tungsten electrodes and plasma, is restrained to plasma and is sent into protection gas between nozzle and protection gas hood；
Step (3)：Start high frequency oscillation starting the arc device, generate plasma-arc, can be formed into a loop between welding wire and double tungsten electrodes,
Heated filament electric arc is generated, the high current of 0-600A is passed to heated filament electric arc, the electric current of heated filament electric arc is through welding wire and double tungsten electrode flow directions etc.
The cathode of the ion source of welding current；
Step (4)：In welding process, the electric current of workpiece is flowed through according to current signal detectors measure, passes through current regulation
Device adjusts the size of current of heated filament electric arc, under the premise of ensureing certain appearance of weld and welding quality, increases heated filament electric arc
Size of current.
Compared with prior art, the present invention using be symmetrically placed in the plasma arc of double tungsten electrodes in gun body and workpiece generation into
Welding wire, is sent to the center of plasma arc by row welding from the centre of double tungsten electrodes, highly efficient；Welding when, using welding wire with
The side-arcing that double tungsten electrodes generate carrys out filler wire, improves its deposition efficiency；Meanwhile cored arc is bypassed to main road plasma electric
Stream has shunting function, and the heat input to workpiece is accurately controlled by adjusting by-pass current, accelerates appearance of weld and improve to weld
Quality reduces weld defect, ensures the stabilization of welding process；The symmetric double tungsten electrode arrangement that center fills silk, improves welding gun welding
When flexibility and accessibility, be easy to implement the automation of welding；Meanwhile the symmetric double tungsten electrode arrangement that center fills silk solves heated filament
Arc blow problem caused by electric arc.The heated filament electric arc that the present invention is generated using welding wire with double tungsten electrodes improves weldering come filler wire
The melting efficiency of silk, effective heated filament cannot be carried out to the material with good conductivity such as aluminium, copper by solving traditional heated filament mode
Problem.The present invention cannot be only used for the welding of metal structure, be also applied for the electric arc material increasing field of metal.
The above is not intended to restrict the invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various
Change and variation.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament and welding method, it is characterised in that：Including flow control apparatus,
Workpiece (14), wire feeder (3) and welding gun (15)；
Welding gun (15) includes welding wire (4), MIG weldering ignition tips (5), the contained nozzle (6) of plasma, protection gas hood (7) and double tungsten electrodes
(13)；One end of welding wire (4) is in wire feeder (3), and the other end of welding wire (4) is inserted into MIG weldering ignition tips (5), double tungsten
Pole (13) is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of MIG weldering ignition tips (5), and plasma is restrained nozzle (6) and is located on the outside of double tungsten electrodes (13), protection
Gas hood (7) is located at plasma and restrains on the outside of nozzle (6)；Welding gun (15) is located above workpiece (14)；
Flow control apparatus includes Plasma Welding power supply (1), high frequency oscillation starting the arc device (2), IGBT flow controls module (8), current regulation
Device (9) and current signal detector (12), anode and workpiece (14) and the IGBT flow controls module (8) of Plasma Welding power supply (1)
Connection, IGBT flow controls module (8) are also connect with MIG weldering ignition tips (5) and current regulator (9), the detection of current regulator (9)
Coil is sleeved on the branch road that the anode of Plasma Welding power supply (1) is connect with workpiece (14), the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply (1)
It is connect with high frequency oscillation starting the arc device (2), high frequency oscillation starting the arc device (2) is also connect with double tungsten electrodes (13).
2. double tungsten electrode plasma arc welding (PAW) connection devices based on center heated filament and welding method, it is characterised in that：It comprises the steps of：
Step (1)：According to preparation of the type of workpiece according to relevant criterion selection welding wire and before being welded, connecting welding is set
Standby and device；
Step (2)：After welding equipment connects, the neck-in of double tungsten electrodes is adjusted so that double tungsten electrodes weld ignition tip at one with MIG
Determine the angle of size, then adjust the angle and height of welding gun, make welding gun axis perpendicular to workpiece, and plasma restrain nozzle away from
At workpiece height in a certain range, Plasma Welding power supply is opened, according to actual needs, setting plasma current, heated filament
Electric current, plasma gas flow rate, protection air-flow amount, wire feed rate, speed of welding, and given between restraining nozzle to double tungsten electrodes and plasma
Enter ion-gas, is restrained to plasma and be sent into protection gas between nozzle and protection gas hood；
Step (3)：Start high frequency oscillation starting the arc device, generate plasma-arc, can be formed into a loop between welding wire and double tungsten electrodes, generates
Heated filament electric arc, the electric current of heated filament electric arc flow to the cathode of Plasma Welding power supply through welding wire with double tungsten electrodes；
Step (4)：In welding process, the electric current of workpiece is flowed through according to current signal detectors measure, passes through current regulator tune
The size of current for saving heated filament electric arc increases the electricity of heated filament electric arc under the premise of ensureing certain appearance of weld and welding quality
Flow size.
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