CN210435362U

CN210435362U - Adjustable middle shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head

Info

Publication number: CN210435362U
Application number: CN201920225282.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘继常
Original assignee: 刘继常
Current assignee: Hunan Jiacheng Additive Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-02-22
Filing date: 2019-02-22
Publication date: 2020-05-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a direct deposit working head of axis feeding multi-beam laser with adjustable, a plurality of regulations installed on the working head frame carry out the accurate positioning to positioner corresponding collimation focusing lens section of thick bamboo group, and adjust each bundle of laser irradiation direction, make the laser beam reach the convergent point of settlement, guide air guide device installs on the frame center axis, send powder or silk material and cover gas to multi-beam laser convergent point or near its workpiece surface simultaneously and carry out direct deposit, go back accessible to silk material circular telegram production resistance heat, form the direct deposit silk material of compound energy with multi-beam laser. The working head has the function of feeding powder and wire middle shafts, can adjust the converging position of laser beams, has a compact structure, is easy to fold optical fibers of a plurality of laser beams, is convenient for the flexible movement of the working head, and can also carry out direct deposition by compounding the plurality of laser beams with resistance heat.

Description

Adjustable middle shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a working head that is used for laser forming to make, surface modification particularly, relates to a working head that is used for metal parts vibration material disk (3D) to print, restores refabrication, surface modification's a direct deposit of energy.

Background

The additive manufacturing and repairing remanufacturing of metal parts are the hot spots of current research, and the application of metal part surface modification is also very wide. Energy direct deposition is one of the main processes of additive manufacturing and repair remanufacturing of metal parts, and is also one of the main methods of surface modification. The process utilizes high-density energy to directly heat and melt metal powder or wire materials, so that the metal powder or wire materials are deposited on the surface of a substrate and are metallurgically bonded with the substrate. At present, a plurality of metal part additive manufacturing, repairing remanufacturing, surface modification processes and corresponding devices thereof, such as laser deposition, electron beam deposition, arc deposition, plasma deposition and the like, appear, wherein the laser deposition is more applied. The melted and deposited material is in the form of powder and thread, so that the powder feeding laser direct deposition (cladding) and the wire feeding laser direct deposition (cladding) are available. The direct deposition of the powder feeding laser also has the advantages of coaxial powder feeding and lateral powder feeding, and the wire feeding also has the advantages of lateral wire feeding and coaxial wire feeding, but the coaxial wire feeding is less applied at present. The directionality of the side-feeding powder and side-feeding laser direct deposition is poor, so people tend to use the coaxial feeding (powder or wire) laser direct deposition process more and more, but the wire feeding laser direct deposition needs to place the wire at the central axis position, and the method cannot be realized by a solid single-beam laser. Most of the prior powder feeding laser direct deposition has lower material utilization rate than the wire feeding laser direct deposition, and the reason is that the powder flow which is conveyed by taking a single beam focusing laser axis as a central axis has poor convergence after coming out of a nozzle, and the particles which are directly irradiated and melted by a laser beam and deposited are few, or the particles which can be melted and deposited by the laser are few in the powder flow which is intersected with the laser beam at a certain angle.

At present, a typical working head with direct deposition (cladding) of wire (powder) feeding laser inside light and a working head with direct deposition (cladding) of multiple beams of laser are available. The working head for direct deposition (cladding) of wire (powder) fed in light converts solid laser beam into hollow laser beam, and has the problems that the wire or powder must pass through the annular beam before entering the central shaft of the working head, thereby not only losing laser energy, but also influencing the installation and positioning of the material guide pipe. The existing multi-beam laser direct deposition (cladding) working head has two forms, one is to divide one beam of laser into three beams of laser by a spectroscope, then the three beams of laser are converged to one point after being reflected and focused, a wire feeding pipe passes through between two beams of laser, eccentricity is easily caused, and the number of the divided laser beams is limited. Another is to fix several laser beams evenly distributed on a shelf, transmit and gather to a point with certain angle after focusing, for example, Chinese utility model patent with publication No. CN207713821U, disclose an expanded multi-beam laser cladding head of center powder feeding, it proposes to set up a central through hole on a main body shelf, connect a locator with locating slot in its bottom, the powder feeding pipe passes the central through hole and fixes in locating slot; the laser output head is fixed at the top of the main body frame and transmits laser through the laser through hole; the lower part of the main body frame is also provided with a gas nozzle and a water-cooling nozzle (with a similar conical annular cavity) with larger longitudinal sections. The sizes of the gas nozzle and the water-cooling nozzle are too large, and the water-cooling nozzle has little cooling effect on the main body frame, the positioner and the powder feeding pipe. The Chinese patent with publication number CN107813050A discloses a multi-laser beam 3D printing head for metal melting rapid molding, which fixes a plurality of single-beam focusing devices on a spherical arc printing head main body in a ring shape, and has the problems that the working head is very large, and the optical fibers for conveying laser to the working head are opened at a large angle, so that the optical fibers are not convenient to be gathered together to obstruct the movement of the working head. There is also a multi-beam laser working head, such as the laser multi-beam cladding device invented by the Chinese patent with publication numbers CN106583726A, 106757014A, which divides a laser beam into a cladding beam and a waste heat beam instead of cladding (directly depositing) by multiple laser beams at the same time.

In addition, the current working head can only be used for the direct deposition of laser for conveying powder or only for the direct deposition of laser for wires; and the included angle between a single laser beam and the central axis of the working head can not be adjusted, so that the problems that the light beams can not be converged and the convergence point is eccentric due to processing errors and the like can not be solved, and the diameter of the light spot of the converged light can not be changed by adjusting the defocusing amount at the convergence position of the light beams.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head is designed, the laser collimating focusing lens group can be accurately positioned, the included angle between each laser beam and the center shaft of the working head is adjusted, powder can be fed into the center shaft, wire can be fed into the center shaft, powder and wire can be simultaneously fed into the center shaft, and the multi-beam laser and resistance heat are compounded to carry out direct deposition.

The utility model provides a scheme of problem is: an adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head comprises 1 frame, a plurality of collimation focusing lens barrel groups, a plurality of direction adjusting positioning devices and 1 set of center material guiding and air guiding device, wherein the plurality of direction adjusting positioning devices arranged on the working head frame accurately position the corresponding collimation focusing lens barrel groups, and adjust the irradiation direction of each beam of laser to ensure that a laser beam is converged to a set position, the material guiding and air guiding device is arranged on the center axis of the frame, powder or wire materials and protective gas are simultaneously sent to a multi-beam laser convergence point or the surface of a workpiece nearby the multi-beam laser convergence point to be directly deposited, the wire materials can be electrified to generate resistance heat, and the resistance heat and the multi-beam laser form composite energy direct deposition wire materials.

The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head is characterized in that the frame consists of an upper direction adjusting positioning device mounting plate, a lower direction adjusting positioning device mounting plate, a front plate, a rear plate and 2 identical side plates, the upper direction adjusting positioning device mounting plate and the lower direction adjusting positioning device mounting plate are respectively provided with an upper direction adjusting positioning device and a lower direction adjusting positioning device, corresponding through holes are reserved for the center material guiding air guide device and each collimating focus lens cylinder group, the front plate, the rear plate, the upper direction adjusting positioning device mounting plate and the lower direction adjusting positioning device mounting plate form a framework of the frame, the rear plate is provided with screw holes connected with a machine tool or a robot, and two sides of the working head are sealed by the 2.

The adjustable middle shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head is characterized in that the collimating and focusing lens barrel group is formed by butting a collimating lens barrel and a focusing lens barrel, the collimating lens barrel and the focusing lens barrel of each lens barrel group are coaxial, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the lens barrel and a cooling water path meet the matching requirement between the upper direction adjusting positioning device and the lower direction adjusting positioning device and the mounting plate of the positioning device, and the focal length of a focusing laser beam emitted by each lens group meets the requirement of a multi-laser beam direct deposition process on light beam convergence.

The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head comprises an upper direction adjusting and positioning device and a lower direction adjusting and positioning device, wherein the upper direction adjusting and positioning device comprises a plurality of collimating lens barrel adjusting and positioning units, each collimating lens barrel adjusting and positioning unit radially adjusts a collimating lens barrel through an adjusting screw and a spring so as to change an included angle between a laser beam and a center shaft of the working head in a radial plane, and circumferential deviation caused by factors such as processing errors is corrected through the other two adjusting screws; the downward direction-adjusting positioning device comprises a plurality of focusing lens cone adjusting and positioning units, each focusing lens cone adjusting and positioning unit can enable the focusing lens cone to perform small circumferential swing by rotating a pair of spiral positioning shafts so as to correct circumferential deviation caused by factors such as machining errors, and a special adjusting screw is used for pushing and pulling the focusing lens cone so as to correct radial deviation caused by factors such as machining errors.

The adjustable middle shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head comprises a center guide gas guide device, a gas guide pipe, an air nozzle, a feeding nozzle, a guide gas pipe positioning piece, a gas guide joint, a guide joint, an insulating sleeve and the like, wherein the guide pipe is arranged in the gas guide pipe and coaxial with the gas guide pipe, the air nozzle and the feeding nozzle are respectively connected to the lower ends of the gas guide pipe and the guide pipe, the feeding nozzle extends out of the front of the air nozzle, the gas guide pipe positioning piece positions the gas guide pipe and the guide pipe on a frame, the gas guide joint and the guide joint respectively feed protective gas and deposition materials into the gas guide pipe and the guide pipe, the insulating sleeve is sleeved on a positioning assembly part between the guide pipe, the gas guide pipe and the frame, and the insulating sleeve is used for preventing current from flowing to the working head frame during multi.

In the central material guiding and air guiding device, the material guiding joint, the material guiding pipe and the material supplying nozzle can be conductors, and can be used for electrifying the wire to generate resistance heat to form a composite energy deposition wire with a plurality of beams of laser.

In the central material guiding and air guiding device, the material guiding joint and the material supplying nozzle are adjusted in structural shape and size according to the state of the deposited material so as to adapt to feeding of powder or wires or feeding of powder and wires simultaneously.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, have powder, silk material axis feed effect concurrently, the position that adjustable laser beam assembles, its structure is also compacter, and the optic fibre of its multi-beam laser is closed together easily, and the working head nimble of being convenient for moves, still can carry out multi-beam laser and resistance thermal compound direct deposition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an adjustable center shaft feeding 4-beam laser direct deposition working head.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of an adjustable center shaft feeding 4-beam laser direct deposition working head.

In the figure, 1, a plurality of laser gathering points, 2, powder flows or wire materials, 3, a material supply nozzle, 4, an air nozzle, 5, a material guide pipe, 6, an air guide pipe, 7, a focusing lens barrel positioning shaft, 8, a focusing lens barrel adjusting and positioning unit, 9, a special adjusting screw, 10, a focusing lens barrel, 11, a collimating lens barrel, 12, a collimating lens barrel adjusting and positioning unit, 13, an adjusting screw, 14, a spring, 15, an optical fiber connector, 16, an optical fiber, 17, a material feeding pipe, 18, a material guide connector, 19, an air feeding pipe, 20, an air guide connector, 21, a material guide air guide pipe positioning piece, 22, an upper direction adjusting and positioning device mounting plate, 23, a side plate and 24, a lower direction adjusting and positioning device mounting plate, 25, a front plate, 26, an insulating sleeve, 27, a rear plate and 28 are connected with.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The adjustable middle shaft feeding 4-beam laser direct deposition working head comprises 1 frame, 4 collimation focusing lens barrel groups, 4 sets of direction adjusting and positioning devices and 1 set of center material guiding and air guiding device. The frame is composed of an upper direction-adjusting positioning device mounting plate 22, a lower direction-adjusting positioning device mounting plate 24, a front plate 25, a rear plate 27 and 2 identical side plates 23, and is connected with a machine tool or a robot through screw holes in the rear plate 27 by using connecting bolts 28. Each collimating focusing lens group consists of a collimating lens barrel 11 and a focusing lens barrel 10 which are connected together, and respectively pass through an upper direction-adjusting positioning device mounting plate 22 and a lower direction-adjusting positioning device mounting plate 24, and each laser beam transmitted by an optical fiber 16 enters the collimating lens barrel 11 through an optical fiber joint 15 for collimation, is focused by the focusing lens barrel 10 and then reaches a multi-beam laser convergence point 1. The upper and lower steering positioning devices are respectively arranged on the upper and lower steering positioning

device mounting plates

22 and 24, the upper steering positioning device comprises 4 collimating lens barrel adjusting and positioning units 12, each collimating lens barrel adjusting and positioning unit 12 is radially adjusted by an adjusting screw 13 and a spring 14 to align the collimating lens barrel so as to change the included angle between the laser beam and the central axis of the working head in a radial plane, and the other two adjusting screws 13 correct the circumferential deviation caused by factors such as processing errors; the downward direction-adjusting positioning device comprises 4 focusing lens cone adjusting and positioning units 8, each focusing lens cone adjusting and positioning unit 8 corrects circumferential deviation caused by machining errors and other factors by rotating a pair of spiral positioning shafts 7, and a special adjusting screw 9 is used for pushing and pulling a focusing lens cone 10 to correct radial deviation caused by machining errors and other factors. The central material guiding and air guiding device is composed of a material guiding pipe 5, an air guiding pipe 6, an air nozzle 4, a material feeding nozzle 3, a material guiding and air guiding pipe positioning piece 21, an air guiding joint 20, a material guiding joint 18, an insulating sleeve 26 and the like, wherein the material guiding pipe 5 is arranged in the air guiding pipe 6 and is coaxial with the air guiding pipe 5, the air nozzle 4 and the material feeding nozzle 3 are respectively connected with the lower ends of the air guiding pipe 6 and the material guiding pipe 5, the material feeding nozzle 3 extends out of the front of the air nozzle 3, the material guiding and air guiding pipe positioning piece 21 positions the air guiding pipe 6 and the material guiding pipe 5 on a frame, the air guiding joint 20 and the material guiding joint 18 are respectively communicated with an air feeding pipe 19 and the. The insulating sleeve 26 is sleeved at the positioning assembly part between the material guide pipe 5, the gas guide pipe 6 and the frame and is used for preventing current from flowing to the working head frame when the 4-beam laser and resistance thermal center shaft is compositely deposited.

The material guide joint 18, the material guide pipe 5 and the material feeding nozzle 3 are all conductors, and can be used for electrifying the wires to generate resistance heat to form composite energy deposition wires with 4 beams of laser.

The material guide adapter 18 and the material supply nozzle 3 are adjusted in structure shape and size according to the state of the material supplied by the material supply pipe 17 so as to adapt to the feeding of powder or wire materials, or the feeding of powder and wire materials simultaneously.

Claims

1. An adjustable middle shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head is characterized in that: the working head comprises 1 frame, a plurality of collimation focusing lens barrel groups, a plurality of direction adjusting and positioning devices and 1 set of center material guiding and gas guiding device, wherein the plurality of direction adjusting and positioning devices arranged on the frame of the working head accurately position the corresponding collimation focusing lens barrel groups and adjust the irradiation direction of each laser beam to enable the laser beam to reach a set convergence point (1), the material guiding and gas guiding device is arranged on the central axis of the frame and simultaneously sends powder or wire materials and protective gas to a plurality of laser convergence points (1) or the surface of a workpiece nearby the laser convergence points for direct deposition, and resistance heat can be generated by electrifying the wire materials to form composite energy with the plurality of laser beams for directly depositing the wire materials.

2. The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the frame comprises an upper steering positioning device mounting plate (22), a lower steering positioning device mounting plate (24), a front plate (25), a rear plate (27) and 2 identical side plates (23), the front plate (25) and the rear plate (27) and the upper steering positioning device mounting plate (22) and the lower steering positioning device mounting plate (24) form a framework of the frame, the two sides of the working head are sealed by the 2 side plates (23), and the working head is connected with a machine tool or a robot through a screw hole in the rear plate (27) by a connecting bolt (28).

3. The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the collimating and focusing lens barrel group is formed by butting a collimating lens barrel (11) and a focusing lens barrel (10), the collimating lens barrel (11) and the focusing lens barrel (10) of each lens barrel group are coaxial, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the lens barrels and a cooling water path meet the matching requirements between the collimating lens barrel direction-adjusting positioning unit (12), the focusing lens barrel direction-adjusting positioning unit (8) and mounting plates (22) and (24) of the collimating lens barrel direction-adjusting positioning unit and the focusing lens barrel direction-adjusting positioning unit, and the focal length of a focusing laser beam emitted by each lens group meets the requirement of a multi-laser-beam direct deposition process on.

4. The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the direction-adjusting positioning device comprises an upper direction-adjusting positioning device and a lower direction-adjusting positioning device, the upper direction-adjusting positioning device comprises a plurality of collimating lens cone adjusting positioning units (12), each collimating lens cone adjusting positioning unit (12) is aligned to a collimating lens cone (11) by an adjusting screw (13) and a spring (14) to carry out radial adjustment so as to change an included angle between a laser beam and a central axis of the working head in a radial plane, and circumferential deviation caused by factors such as processing errors is corrected by the other two adjusting screws (13); the downward direction-adjusting positioning device comprises a plurality of focusing lens cone adjusting and positioning units (8), each focusing lens cone adjusting and positioning unit (8) enables a focusing lens cone (10) to perform small circumferential swing through rotating a spiral positioning shaft (7) so as to correct circumferential deviation caused by factors such as machining errors, and a special adjusting screw (9) is used for pushing and pulling the focusing lens cones (10) so as to correct radial deviation caused by the factors such as the machining errors.

5. The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the central material guiding and air guiding device comprises a material guiding pipe (5), an air guiding pipe (6), an air nozzle (4), a material feeding nozzle (3), a material guiding and air guiding pipe positioning piece (21), an air guiding joint (20), a material guiding joint (18), an insulating sleeve (26) and the like, wherein the material guiding pipe (5) is arranged in the air guiding pipe (6) and is coaxial with the air guiding pipe positioning piece and the air nozzle (4) and the material feeding nozzle (3) respectively connected to the lower ends of the air guiding pipe (6) and the material guiding pipe (5), the material feeding nozzle (3) extends out of the front part of the air nozzle (3), the material guiding and air guiding pipe positioning piece (21) positions the air guiding pipe (6) and the material guiding pipe (5) on a frame, the air guiding pipe (6) and a material feeding pipe (16) respectively receive protective gas and deposition materials through the air guiding joint (20) and the material guiding joint (18), the insulating sleeve (26) is sleeved on, the device is used for preventing current from flowing to the working head frame during multi-beam laser + resistance thermal center shaft composite deposition.

6. The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head as claimed in claim 5, further comprising: the material guide joint (18), the material guide pipe (5) and the material supply nozzle (3) are all conductors, and can be used for electrifying fed wires to generate resistance heat to form composite energy deposition wires with a plurality of beams of laser.

7. The adjustable center shaft feeding multi-beam laser direct deposition working head as claimed in claim 5, further comprising: the material guide joint (18) and the material supply nozzle (3) are adjusted in structure shape and size according to the state of the deposited material so as to adapt to the feeding of powder or wire materials, or the feeding of the powder and the wire materials simultaneously.