CN210401223U - Navel orange elemental composition LIBS full-optical rapid detection device - Google Patents
Navel orange elemental composition LIBS full-optical rapid detection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a navel orange elemental composition LIBS full optics short-term test device, include: conveying mechanism, testing platform, LIBS system, spectrum appearance, optic fibre and switch board. Wherein the conveying mechanism arranges and separates the navel oranges into single navel oranges, and the single navel oranges are conveyed to a detection platform; the laser emits laser, and the laser is focused on the surface of the navel orange to excite plasma after long-focus deep beam shaping; light generated by the plasma is collected by the light collecting light beam, is converged on the optical fiber probe and is collected by the spectrometer. The utility model discloses not receive the restriction of the navel orange size of surveying, can obtain multiple element information at the same time, it is big to obtain the information volume, and detection efficiency is high, and real-time display element information when on-line measuring reaches about 85% to the categorised rate of accuracy of navel orange place of production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fruit vegetables element detection area especially relates to a navel orange element composition LIBS full optics short-term test device.
Background
The navel orange is delicious in taste and rich in nutrition, and is favored by nationwide consumers. In China, navel oranges are planted in a plurality of provinces and cities, and the taste and the water content of the planted navel oranges are different. The navel oranges are distinguished in the market mainly by navel orange labels at selling points or a method of artificial visual identification. Both methods are not suitable for being used as an effective distinguishing method, and have certain uncertainty, particularly the method for distinguishing by artificial naked eyes has high difficulty and low accuracy.
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a novel spectrum detection means, mainly focuses pulse laser on the surface of a sample to generate plasma, and then completes spectrum signal acquisition by using a spectrometer, so that spectrum line information of multiple elements in the sample can be obtained simultaneously, and qualitative and quantitative analysis is further performed on the sample. In the static detection process in a laboratory, a sample needs to be manually placed, and the position of the sample is manually adjusted, so that the spectrum acquisition efficiency is low, and the method is not suitable for identifying large batches of navel oranges. The output of navel orange is huge, and the static detection in laboratory can't satisfy the detection of navel orange so big in batches, and the process of spot check also has certain incompleteness, and detection efficiency is not high. The LIBS technology has the characteristics of rapidness, in-situ property, small damage and no need of sample pretreatment, and is more suitable for being applied to online real-time detection compared with other optical technologies. Because the navel orange surface is uneven, and the shape and the size of an individual are different, the detection is performed by adopting a fixed focus, and the LIBS system is used for directly detecting a sample with an uneven surface, so that the detection effect is poor. In order to ensure the accuracy of the inspection result, the existing method generally adopts a zoom lens with a driving motor, automatically adjusts the focal length of the lens according to the height of the material, and realizes the automatic focusing of the material on the conveyor belt, or adopts a quartz lens, but the zoom lens has a large number of lenses and a complex structure, and if the lens is polished by quartz again, the procedure is complicated, the process is complex, and the later modification cost is high. For example, 201710393858.2 discloses an on-line detection device and method for heavy metal in fruit, which adopts laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology and automatic focusing by an automatic focusing unit to avoid measurement errors caused by different distances between the fruit sample and the focusing lens. However, the focusing lens and the collecting lens are both biconvex lenses, the focal range of the laser focused light beam is very short, the energy density is greatly changed on the surface of the navel orange, and the spectral intensity of different points on the surface of the navel orange is greatly different, so that the accuracy of the detection result is low; moreover, the focal length, i.e. the relative position of the lens group, needs to be changed in real time according to the height of the sample to be measured, and the operation of the device is troublesome. The LIBS system with a fixed focus is adopted for detection, the device is simple in structure, and how to ensure the accuracy and stability of the detection result of the sample with an uneven surface is still a big problem; in addition, only static origin identification and classification can be carried out on navel oranges at present, the operation is complex, the efficiency is low, and the accuracy of results cannot be ensured by dynamic detection and classification.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses use the LIBS technique as the basis, provide a navel orange element composition short-term test device, this device can realize navel orange on-line analysis, when improving spectrum collection efficiency, also possesses good spectral line collection effect. And a proper algorithm can be embedded to realize the identification of the navel orange producing area. The following technical scheme is adopted:
an all-optical rapid detection device for navel orange element components LIBS comprises: the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a detection platform, an LIBS system, a spectrometer, an optical fiber and a control cabinet;
the LIBS system is fixed on the detection platform, the detection platform is arranged above the conveying mechanism in a spanning mode, and the conveying mechanism penetrates through the middle of the detection platform; the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the navel oranges to a detection platform for detection;
the control cabinet is provided with a control and calculation unit and a display screen, one end of the optical fiber is fixed on the detection platform, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with the spectrograph, and the spectrograph is connected with the control and calculation unit through a signal line;
the conveying mechanism specifically comprises a first motor, a second motor, a fruit feeding mechanism and a roller conveying belt; the first motor drives the fruit feeding mechanism to convey navel oranges to the roller conveyor belt; the second motor drives the roller conveyer belt to separate the navel oranges into single individuals, and the navel oranges are conveyed to the LIBS system to be detected; the first motor and the second motor are both connected with the control and calculation unit;
the LIBS system comprises a laser, a first lens group, a second lens group, a beam splitter and a perforated reflector; the laser comprises a laser host and a laser head connected with the laser host through a signal line, the laser host controls the laser head to emit pulse laser, and the laser host is connected with the control and calculation system through the signal line; the beam splitter is positioned on a pulse laser light path emitted by the laser head, and the first lens group, the perforated reflector and the roller conveyer belt are sequentially positioned on a reflected light path of the beam splitter; the pulse laser is shaped by the first lens group to form a long-focus deep light beam, and the long-focus deep light beam passes through the perforated reflector and is irradiated on a navel orange placed on the roller conveyer belt; and the second lens group and one end of the optical fiber are sequentially positioned on a reflection light path of the perforated reflector. The control and calculation unit is used for controlling the laser host to emit laser, controlling the spectrometer to collect spectrum, calculating and analyzing the collected spectrum information, and displaying the spectrum information on the screen.
After being reflected by the beam splitter, the pulse laser emitted by the laser head is shaped by the first lens group to form a laser beam with a certain focal depth range, namely, the long focal depth light beam is formed; the long-focus deep light beam passes through the perforated reflector to excite plasma on the surface of a sample, reversely emitted plasma characteristic light is reflected to the second lens group through the perforated reflector, is converged after being shaped by the second lens group, is transmitted to the spectrometer through the optical fiber, and is transmitted to the control and calculation system through the signal wire to be calculated and analyzed.
Because the size of the navel orange is changed in a certain range, and the surface of the navel orange is a curved surface, a plane cannot be ensured; if the optical path has a short focal range, the energy density varies greatly over the surface of the navel orange, causing the spectral intensity at different points to vary greatly. The multi-element navel orange detection platform has the advantages that the change of the light energy density on the surface of the navel orange is very small due to the long focal depth, the spectral intensity difference of different points on the surface of the navel orange is very small, and the accuracy of a detection result is ensured; the long focal depth can increase the distance between an excitation point and the last lens of the first lens group, the light is diffused more around, the collected light intensity is weak, the characteristic of the plasma is more obvious on a spectrogram, and the detection result is high in accuracy. The perforated reflector is placed above the excitation point, reflected light is more, and finally acquired spectrogram is high in accuracy and stability and good in effect.
And separating and arranging the navel oranges through a fruit feeding mechanism and a roller conveyer belt, and detecting the navel oranges in the LIBS system. The utility model discloses a LIBS system of long burnt depth detects, makes its homoenergetic produce stable plasma about the focus in certain extent after the pulsed laser plastic, can accomplish navel orange surface unevenness, the various navel orange of shape size origin classification with the conveying mechanism cooperation, can detect the multiple element in the navel orange simultaneously, detects fast, green, and stability is high.
Furthermore, a first photoelectric switch and a second photoelectric switch are arranged on the detection platform and are connected with the control and calculation unit; first photoelectric switch install in the left end of second photoelectric switch, shelter from when the navel orange during first photoelectric switch, control and calculating unit count the number that the navel orange passed through, the second photoelectric switch is located under the long-focus dark light beam, play the effect that triggers the detection, shelter from when the navel orange second photoelectric switch then triggers and detects the start signal.
Further, the utility model discloses a full optics short-term test device of navel orange elemental composition LIBS still includes one of following technical characterstic at least:
the first lens group comprises a first convex lens, a first concave lens and a second convex lens which are arranged side by side, the distance between the first convex lens, the first concave lens and the second convex lens is fixed, the focal length does not need to be adjusted in real time, and samples in a certain height range can be detected; the utility model discloses with the combination of three lenses, make light at the local spotlight far away from the sample, have the effect of a beam waist when the spotlight to obtain the light that energy density is close, thereby relatively even to the excitation on sample surface, the testing result credibility is high.
The second lens group comprises a third convex lens and a fourth convex lens which are arranged in parallel, the structure is simple, and plasma characteristic light excited on the surface of a sample is shaped and converged to the optical fiber through the two convex lenses;
the laser head is horizontally arranged, the beam splitter and the horizontal direction are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, and the perforated reflector and the horizontal direction are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees.
Further, the utility model discloses a full optics short-term test device of navel orange elemental composition LIBS still includes one of following technical characterstic at least:
the distance between the first convex lens and the first concave lens is 80-90 mm;
the distance between the first concave lens and the second convex lens is 22-28 mm;
the focal length of the first convex lens is 260-400 mm;
the focal length of the first concave lens is 80-150 mm;
the focal length of the second convex lens is 150-250 mm.
Further, the utility model discloses a full optics short-term test device of navel orange elemental composition LIBS still includes one of following technical characterstic at least:
the wavelength of the pulse laser beam is 1064nm, and the diameter of the pulse laser beam is 5 mm;
the distance from the focal position of the first lens group to the second convex lens is 680-750 mm, the distance is large, the light is diffused more around, the collected light intensity is weak, and the characteristic is more obvious.
The focal depth range of the first lens group is 15-30 mm, the requirements on the surface flatness and size of a sample are low, and the detection range is wide.
Furthermore, the detection device also comprises a frequency converter, and the first motor and the second motor are connected with the frequency converter, are controlled by the frequency converter to regulate the speed and adjust the speed to the speed required by the detection requirement.
Further, go up fruit mechanism include go up fruit mouth and with go up the conveyer belt that fruit mouth is connected, empty the navel orange extremely go up the fruit mouth, through the conveyer belt with the navel orange carry to the gyro wheel conveyer belt.
Furthermore, the roller conveyer belt comprises rollers, a conveying chain, a main chain driving wheel, a first driven chain driving wheel, a second driven chain driving wheel and a third driven chain driving wheel, wherein the main chain driving wheel, the first driven chain driving wheel, the second driven chain driving wheel and the third driven chain driving wheel are matched with the conveying chain, the rollers are of a dumbbell-shaped structure and can fix a single navel orange, and the conveying chain is arranged at two ends of the rollers.
Further, the optical fiber is fixed on the detection platform through an optical fiber support; detection platform is the notch cuttype and arranges, installs on first ladder the laser head, it is dull and stereotyped at the last surface mounting of second ladder has the second optics, the optics stand is installed to the second optics flat board, the optics stand is used for fixing first battery of lens and beam splitter, the lower surface mounting of second ladder has first optics dull and stereotyped, is used for fixing second battery of lens and fiber probe. The optical flat plate has heavier mass, is firmly fixed on an optical component, has a very flat surface and ensures the precision requirement of optical equipment.
Furthermore, the optical fiber probe is fixed on the first optical flat plate through an optical connecting rod, so that the height of the optical fiber can be conveniently adjusted.
Furthermore, the first lens group and the beam splitter are fixed on the optical upright post through an optical fixing seat, and can be quickly and stably fixed on the optical upright post.
Further, the utility model discloses a navel orange elemental composition LIBS full optics short-term test method, including following several steps:
1) starting all parts of the detection device, wherein the conveying mechanism normally operates at the moment, and the laser host and the spectrometer are both in a state of waiting for a trigger signal;
2) dumping navel oranges in conveying mechanism arranges navel oranges and transports to testing platform below, begin to carry out the LIBS and detect: the control and calculation unit sends a trigger signal to the laser host, and the laser host controls the laser head to emit primary pulse laser to excite plasma on the surface of the navel orange and then transmits the plasma to the spectrometer through the optical fiber;
3) the spectrometer processes the collected plasma signals into spectrum signals, transmits the spectrum signals to the control and calculation unit for calculation, and displays the collected spectrum signal diagram on the display screen;
4) and classifying the navel oranges in different producing areas according to the spectrogram signals.
Further, the utility model discloses a navel orange elemental composition LIBS full optics short-term test method specifically includes following several steps:
1) starting all parts of the detection device, wherein the conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism and the roller conveyor belt normally run at the moment, the laser host and the spectrometer are both in a state of waiting for a trigger signal, the first photoelectric switch is in a counting state, and the second photoelectric switch is in a state of waiting for a trigger signal; adjusting the frequency converter to control the transportation speed of the navel orange transportation mechanism to the speed required by the detection requirement;
2) the navel oranges are poured at a navel feeding port, the conveying belt arranges the navel oranges at the navel feeding port and conveys the navel oranges to the roller conveying belt, the roller conveying belt separates the navel oranges into single navel oranges, the single navel oranges are conveyed to the lower part of a detection platform and trigger the first photoelectric switch, and the control and calculation unit records the number of the navel oranges passing through; the navel orange continues to move forwards to trigger the second photoelectric switch, the control and calculation unit sends a trigger signal to the laser host, and the laser host controls the laser head to emit primary pulse laser to excite plasma on the surface of the navel orange and then transmits the plasma to the spectrometer through the optical fiber;
3) the spectrometer processes the collected plasma signals into spectrum signals in real time, transmits the spectrum signals to the control and calculation unit for calculation, and displays the collected spectrum signal diagram on the display screen;
4) and according to the spectrogram signal and the number of rollers recorded by the first photoelectric switch, the navel oranges in different producing areas are classified.
Further, the processing procedure of the control and calculation unit on the spectrum signal in step 3) is as follows:
3a) reducing noise signals and scattering effects in the spectrum signals through 15-point smoothing processing and multivariate scattering correction;
3b) the processed data is introduced into a principal component analysis program, and the information of the first three principal components is extracted;
3c) the extracted first three main components form the characteristic value of the navel orange, and the classification information of the navel orange is obtained through the three characteristic values.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect can be gained:
1. the utility model can detect navel oranges in large batch, does not need sample treatment and has high detection speed; can simultaneously detect various elements and intensities thereof in the navel orange.
2. The utility model discloses a detection method, the relatively poor problem of LIBS system to the detection effect of surface unevenness sample of having solved fixed focus adopts simpler structure to obtain the good detection effect the same with the device that zooms.
3. The utility model discloses a mode that detection method adopted photoelectric switch to trigger detection, degree of automation is high, has improved the detection efficiency of system, has reduced the work of laser instrument when non-detection, has prolonged the life of laser instrument.
4. The utility model adopts the lens group with long focal length to obtain the LIBS system with long focal depth, and the LIBS system can generate stable plasma in a certain range above and below the focus after shaping the pulse laser; the perforated reflector is placed above the excitation point, reflected light is more, and finally acquired spectrogram is high in accuracy and stability and good in effect. The utility model discloses can accomplish navel orange surface unevenness, the navel orange that the shape size is different detects, detects fast, green, and stability is high.
5. There is not yet among the prior art can carry out online developments short-term test and categorised device to navel orange element composition, the utility model discloses a carry out accurate stable detection to the navel orange element that the surface height differs within 30mm, the categorised rate of accuracy of navel orange product site reaches about 85%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a full-optical fast detecting device for navel orange element composition LIBS of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the LIBS system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of static spectrum collection of navel orange A1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of dynamic spectrum collection of navel orange A2;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of dynamic spectrum collection of navel orange A1;
fig. 7 is a diagram of the dynamic detection spectrum collection effect of 7 navel oranges (Jiangxi Nankang (NK), Hubei Yichang (YC), Sichuan Liangshan (LS), Yunnan Dali (DL), Hunan Shaoyang (SY), Chongqing Wushan (WS), Guangxi Hezhou (HZ)).
Description of reference numerals: 1 laser host, 2 spectrometer, 3 optical fiber, 4 optical fiber probe, 5 first optical plate, 6 laser head, 7 detection platform, 8 beam splitter, 9 optical column, 10 second optical plate, 11 perforation reflector, 12 second photoelectric switch, 13 conveying mechanism, 14 roller conveyer belt, 15 second motor, 16 first photoelectric switch, 17 fruit loading mechanism, 18 first motor, 19 control cabinet, 20 frequency converter, 21 control and calculation unit, 22 display screen, 23LIBS system, 24 first convex lens, 25 first concave lens, 26 second convex lens, 27 third convex lens, 28 fourth convex lens, 29 long focal depth light beam, 30 light receiving light beam, 31 optical fixing seat, 32 optical connecting rod, fruit loading opening 33, conveyer belt 34, V-shaped groove 35, fruit outlet 36, walking wheel 37, roller 38, main chain wheel 39, first slave chain wheel 40, second slave chain wheel 41, and a third slave sprocket 42.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses a full optics short-term test device of navel orange elemental composition LIBS, wherein LIBS system (except the laser instrument host computer) is equipped with the shell, and whole optical part is sealed promptly.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an instrument information who uses as follows:
a laser: nano SG type 150-10, Litron, UK;
a spectrometer: model AvaSpec-uls2048-2, Avants technologies Inc., the Netherlands.
In the following examples, the laser emitted a pulsed laser beam having a wavelength of 1064nm and a beam diameter of 5 mm. 15 point smoothing processing, multivariate scattering correction, principal component analysis method and multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm, and the concrete references are as follows: robust et al, navel orange origin identification based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, advances in laser and optoelectronics, 55, 093003 (2018).
Example 1:
the full optical rapid detection device of navel orange elemental composition LIBS of this embodiment includes: the device comprises a conveying mechanism 13, a detection platform 7, an LIBS system 23, a spectrometer 2, an optical fiber 3 and a control cabinet 19. Wherein:
the LIBS system 23 is fixed on the detection platform 7, the detection platform 7 is arranged above the conveying mechanism 13 in a spanning mode, and the conveying mechanism 13 penetrates through the middle of the detection platform 7; the conveying mechanism 13 is used for conveying the navel oranges to the detection platform 7 for detection;
the control cabinet 19 is provided with a control and calculation unit 21 and a display screen 22, one end of the optical fiber 3 is fixed on the detection platform 7, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with the spectrometer 2, and the spectrometer 2 is connected with the control and calculation unit 21 through a signal line;
the conveying mechanism 13 specifically comprises a first motor 18 (model YZ200L-8), a second motor 15 (model YZ200L-8), a fruit feeding mechanism 17 and a roller conveying belt 14; the first motor 18 drives the fruit feeding mechanism 17 to convey the navel oranges to the roller conveyor belt 14; the second motor 15 drives the roller conveyer belt 14 to separate a plurality of navel oranges into single individuals, and the navel oranges are conveyed to the LIBS system 23 to be detected; the first motor 18 and the second motor 15 are both electrically connected with the control and calculation unit 21, and the fruit feeding mechanism 17 is positioned at the left end of the roller conveyor belt 14 in the direction shown in the figure;
the LIBS system 23 comprises a laser, a beam splitter 8 arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal direction, a first lens group arranged vertically, a second lens group arranged horizontally, and a perforated reflector 11 arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal direction; the laser comprises a laser main machine 1 and a laser head 6 connected with the laser main machine 1 through a signal line, wherein the laser head 6 is horizontally arranged, the laser main machine 1 controls the laser head 6 to emit pulse laser, and the laser main machine 1 is connected with a control and calculation unit 21 through a signal line. The beam splitter 8 is positioned on the light path of the pulse laser emitted by the laser head 6, and the first lens group, the perforated reflector 11 and the roller conveyer belt 14 are sequentially positioned on the reflected light path of the beam splitter 8; the pulse laser is shaped by the first lens group to form a long-focus deep light beam 29, and the long-focus deep light beam 29 passes through the perforated reflector 11 and is irradiated on the navel oranges placed on the roller conveyor belt 14; the second lens group and one end of the optical fiber 3 are sequentially positioned on a reflection light path of the perforated reflector 11. The control and calculation unit 21 is used for controlling the laser host 1 to emit laser, controlling the spectrometer 2 to collect spectrum, and performing calculation and analysis on the collected spectrum information to be displayed on the screen 22.
The first lens group comprises a first convex lens 24, a first concave lens 25 and a second convex lens 26 which are vertically arranged side by side, and the focal lengths of the three lenses are respectively as follows: 350mm, 80mm, 150mm, and the distances therebetween are fixed, the distance between the first convex lens 24 and the first concave lens 25 is 82mm, the distance between the first concave lens 25 and the second convex lens 26 is 22mm, and the distance from the first lens group focal position to the second convex lens 26 is 720 mm. Because the size of the navel orange is changed in a certain range, and the surface of the navel orange is a curved surface, a plane cannot be ensured; if the optical path has a short focal range, the energy density varies greatly over the surface of the navel orange, causing the spectral intensity at different points to vary greatly. The utility model discloses a navel orange multielement test platform, the energy density that the long burnt depth made the light is very little in the change on navel orange surface, and the spectral strength of navel orange surface difference is very little, has guaranteed the accuracy of testing result.
The second lens group plays a focusing role and comprises a third convex lens 27 and a fourth convex lens 28 which are horizontally arranged in parallel, the structure is simple, and plasma characteristic light excited on the surface of a sample is shaped and converged to the optical fiber probe 4 through the two convex lenses to form a light receiving beam 30.
The working principle of the device is as follows: the navel oranges are separated and arranged by the fruit feeding mechanism 17 and the roller conveyer belt 14, and enter the LIBS system 23 for detection. When the navel orange passes through the position right below the long-focal-depth light beam 29, the control and calculation unit 21 sends a trigger signal to the laser host 1, the laser host 1 controls the laser head 6 to emit pulse laser, the pulse laser emitted by the laser head 6 is reflected to the vertical direction through the beam splitter 8, and a laser beam with a certain focal depth range is formed through shaping of the first lens group, namely the long-focal-depth light beam 29 is formed; the long-focus deep light beam 29 passes through the perforated reflector 11 to excite plasma on the surface of the navel orange, the plasma characteristic light emitted upwards is reflected to the horizontal direction through the perforated reflector 11, is converged to the optical fiber probe 4 after being shaped by the second lens group to form a light receiving light beam 30, is transmitted to the spectrometer 2 through the optical fiber 3, and is transmitted to the control and calculation unit 21 through the signal line to be calculated and analyzed.
The long focal depth can increase the distance between an excitation point and the last lens of the first lens group, the light is diffused more around, the collected light intensity is weak, the characteristic of the plasma is more obvious on a spectrogram, and the detection result is high in accuracy. The perforated reflector is placed above the excitation point, reflected light is more, and finally acquired spectrogram is high in accuracy and stability and good in effect. The utility model discloses a LIBS system of long burnt depth detects, makes its homoenergetic produce stable plasma about the focus in certain extent after the pulse laser plastic, can accomplish navel orange surface unevenness, shape size difference, the navel orange that highly differs 15mm produces the ground classification with the conveying mechanism cooperation, can detect the multiple element in the navel orange simultaneously, detects fast, green, and stability is high.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the multi-element navel orange detection device of the present embodiment, in addition to embodiment 1, the detection platform 7 is provided with a first photoelectric switch 16(Omron, E3X-DA11-N) and a second photoelectric switch 12(Omron, E3X-DA11-N), which are both connected to the control and calculation unit 21. The first photoelectric switch 16 is installed at the left end (the direction shown in fig. 1) of the second photoelectric switch 12, when the navel orange blocks the first photoelectric switch 16, the first photoelectric switch 16 transmits a signal to the control and calculation unit 21, and the control and calculation unit 21 reads the number of times of receiving the signal, that is, counts the number of the navel oranges passing through; the second photoelectric switch 12 is located right below the long-focus deep light beam 29 and plays a role in triggering detection, when the navel orange shields the second photoelectric switch 12, the second photoelectric switch 12 transmits a signal to the control and calculation unit 21, and the control and calculation unit 21 controls all the components to enter a working state for detection. The device is also provided with a frequency converter 20 (NVF2G-1.5/PS4) which is arranged in the control cabinet 19, and the first motor 18 and the second motor 15 are connected with the frequency converter 20 and are controlled by the frequency converter 20 to regulate the speed to the speed required by the detection requirement.
Wherein, the focal lengths of the first convex lens 24, the first concave lens 25 and the second convex lens 26 are respectively: 260mm, 150mm, 200mm, and the distances therebetween are fixed, the distance between the first convex lens 24 and the first concave lens 25 is 86.8mm, the distance between the first concave lens 25 and the second convex lens 26 is 26mm, and the distance from the first lens group focal position to the second convex lens 26 is 680 mm.
The navel orange multielement detection device of this embodiment can accomplish the navel orange of navel orange surface height unevenness and detect, and the shape size is different, the difference in height 20 mm's navel orange place of origin is categorised, can detect the multiple element in the navel orange simultaneously, detects fast, green, and stability is high.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-element navel orange detection device of the present embodiment includes, in addition to embodiment 2, a roller conveyor belt 14 including rollers 38, a conveyor chain (not shown), and a main driven wheel 39, a first driven wheel 40, a second driven wheel 41, and a third driven wheel 42 engaged with the conveyor chain. The rollers 38 are in a dumbbell-shaped structure, a single navel orange can be fixed, and conveying chains are arranged at two ends of the rollers 38; the second driven sprocket 41 engages only the lower surface of the upper conveyor chain, and the third driven sprocket 42 engages only the lower surface of the lower conveyor chain. The second motor 15 is installed below the fruit outlet 36, and drives the main chain driving wheel 39 to rotate through the transmission chain, and the main chain driving wheel 39 drives the first driven chain driving wheel 40, the second driven chain driving wheel 41 and the third driven chain driving wheel 42 to rotate, so that the rollers 38 drive the navel oranges to be conveyed forwards, and the navel oranges roll down from the fruit outlet 34 after detection. The fruit feeding mechanism 17 comprises a fruit feeding opening 33 and a conveyor belt 34, wherein the conveyor belt 34 also drives the rollers to feed upwards by a conveyor chain, so that the navel oranges are conveyed to a V-shaped groove 35; one end of the conveyor belt 34 is connected with the upper fruit opening 33, the other end of the conveyor belt is connected with the V-shaped groove 35, and the first motor 18 is installed below the upper fruit opening 33. The position of the fruit feeding opening 33 is lower than that of the V-shaped groove 35, the V-shaped groove 35 is obliquely arranged, and the position of one end, close to the roller conveyor belt 14, of the V-shaped groove is lower; the first driven sprocket 40 to the second driven sprocket 41 of the roller conveyor 14 are also disposed obliquely, and the navel oranges falling from the V-shaped groove 35 are conveyed forward and upward.
Wherein, the focal lengths of the first convex lens 24, the first concave lens 25 and the second convex lens 26 are respectively: 300mm, 100mm, 200mm, and the distance between them is fixed, the distance between the first convex lens 9 and the first concave lens 10 is 83.9mm, the distance between the first concave lens 24 and the second convex lens 25 is 25mm, and the distance from the first lens group focal position to the second convex lens 26 is 700 mm.
The navel orange multielement detection device of this embodiment can accomplish the navel orange of navel orange surface height unevenness and detect, and the shape size is different, the height differs 25 mm's navel orange place of production is categorised, can detect the multiple element in the navel orange simultaneously, detects fast, green, and stability is high.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the multi-element navel orange detection device of this embodiment, based on embodiment 3, the detection platform 7 is arranged in a ladder shape, the laser head 6 is installed on the first ladder, the second optical flat plate 10 is installed on the upper surface of the second ladder, the optical column 9 is installed on the second optical flat plate, and the first lens group and the beam splitter 8 are fixed on the optical column 9 through the optical fixing seat 31. The lower surface of the second ladder is provided with a first optical flat plate 5, the second lens group is fixed on the first optical flat plate 5, and the optical fiber probe 4 is fixed on the first optical flat plate 5 through an optical connecting rod 32. Wherein, the focal lengths of the first convex lens 24, the first concave lens 25 and the second convex lens 26 are respectively: 400mm, 100mm, 250mm, and the distances therebetween are fixed, the distance between the first convex lens 24 and the first concave lens 25 is 89mm, the distance between the first concave lens 25 and the second convex lens 26 is 27.5mm, and the distance from the first lens group focal position to the second convex lens 26 is 735 mm.
The navel orange multielement detection device of this embodiment can accomplish the navel orange of navel orange surface height unevenness and detect, and the shape size is different, the difference in height is categorised in the navel orange place of origin of 30mm, can detect the multiple element in the navel orange simultaneously, detects fast, green, and stability is high.
The bottom of the detection device of the embodiment can be additionally provided with the traveling wheels 37 (such as universal wheels) to be manufactured into a movable type, and the movable type is transported to a purchasing site for detection.
Example 5:
the utility model discloses a navel orange elemental composition LIBS full optics short-term test method specifically includes following several steps:
1) starting each part of the detection device, wherein the fruit loading mechanism 17 of the conveying mechanism 13 and the roller conveying belt 14 normally operate at the moment, the laser host 1 and the spectrometer 2 are both in a state of waiting for a trigger signal, the first photoelectric switch 16 is in a counting state, and the second photoelectric switch 12 is in a state of waiting for a trigger signal; the frequency converter 20 is adjusted to control the transport speed of the conveying mechanism 13 to adjust to the speed required by the detection requirement.
2) Dumping the navel oranges at the upper fruit opening 33, arranging the navel oranges at the upper fruit opening 33 through the V-shaped groove 35 by the conveyor belt 37, conveying the navel oranges to the roller conveyor belt 14, separating the navel oranges into single navel oranges by the roller conveyor belt 14, and conveying the single navel oranges to the lower part of the detection platform 7; the navel orange triggers the first photoelectric switch 16, records the number of navel oranges passing through.
3) The navel orange continues to move forwards to trigger the second photoelectric switch 12, the control and calculation unit 21 receives a trigger signal and immediately sends an external trigger signal to the laser host 1, the laser host 1 controls the laser head 6 to emit primary pulse laser, the pulse laser is reflected to the vertical direction through the beam splitter 8 and shaped through the first lens group to form a long-focus deep light beam 29, the long-focus deep light beam 29 penetrates through the perforated reflector 11 to excite plasma on the surface of the navel orange, the characteristic light of the plasma emitted upwards is reflected to the horizontal direction through the perforated reflector 11 again, and the long-focus deep light beam is shaped through the second lens group to be converged to form a light receiving light beam 30 and is transmitted to the spectrometer 2 through the optical fiber 3 after being collected through the optical fiber probe;
4) the spectrometer 2 processes the collected plasma signals into spectrum signals in real time, and transmits the spectrum signals to the control and calculation unit 21 for calculation, and the calculation method is as follows:
4a) reducing noise signals and scattering effects in the spectrum signals through 15-point smoothing processing and multivariate scattering correction;
4b) the processed data is introduced into a principal component analysis program, and the information of the first three principal components is extracted;
4c) leading the extracted principal component information into a multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm, and identifying the origin and the place of the multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm; and displaying the acquired spectrum signal diagram on a display screen.
5) Identifying the navel oranges according to the spectrogram signals, and classifying the navel oranges according to the producing areas by combining the number of the navel oranges recorded by the first photoelectric switch 16.
Example 6:
take the device of embodiment 4 as an example, verify the utility model discloses a detection effect: selecting 2 locally-planted navel oranges A1 and A2 (height A1 is greater than A2) with surface height difference of 30mm, cleaning stains such as navel orange skin dust and the like by adopting ultrapure water, placing the locally-planted navel oranges at room temperature for naturally drying surface moisture, directly placing the locally-planted navel oranges A1 on the second photoelectric switch 12 for static detection for the first time, placing the locally-planted navel oranges A1 at the leftmost end (the direction shown in figure 1) of the roller conveyor belt 14 for the second time, starting the conveying mechanism 13 for dynamic detection, and obtaining spectrum collection effects as shown in figures 4 and 6; the dynamic detection is carried out on A2, and the spectrum collection effect is shown in FIG. 5.
Comparing fig. 4 and fig. 6, the difference between the two spectrograms is very small, and the peak intensity at the position of only dynamic detection ca (i)422.61 is slightly weaker than that of static detection, which shows that the device of the utility model can achieve the effect almost same as that of static detection, i.e. the accuracy of the result is high. Comparing fig. 4 and fig. 5, the spectrogram difference of the two is also very little, and the peak intensity of only A2 navel orange Ca (II)393.37 department is slightly weaker than A1 navel orange, which shows that the utility model can accurately detect the navel orange element with the surface height difference within 30 mm.
Verified the utility model discloses after the accuracy of device and method, it is right to connect the utility model discloses a categorised effect in place of birth is tested. In the experiment, 30 Newhall Naval Oranges (NNO) of 7 places of origin, namely Jiangxi Nankang (NK), Hubei Yichang (YC), Sichuan Liangshan (LS), Yunnan Dali (DL), Hunan Shaoyang (SY), Chongqing Wushan (WS) and Guangxi Hezhou (HZ) are selected as test samples (the surface heights are within 30 mm), the surface dust and other stains of the Navel oranges are cleaned by adopting ultrapure water, and the Navel oranges are placed at room temperature for naturally drying the surface moisture. And then performing dynamic detection.
The spectrum collection effect of 7 navel oranges in producing areas is shown in fig. 7, and analysis of fig. 2 shows that the LIBS spectral line richness of navel oranges in different producing areas is basically consistent. As the characteristic spectral line positions of elements in an American NIST database are inquired, the C (I)247.87mm, Mg (II)279.55mm, Ca (II)393.37mm, Na (I)589.00mm, H (I)656.28mm, N (I)746.64mm and K (I)766.49mm spectral lines of the navel orange sample are obvious, but the spectral line intensities have certain differences. Such as: compared with other Liu province cities, Jiangxi Nankang (NK) navel orange has weaker LIBS spectral intensity at N (I)746.64mm and K (I)766.49 mm. The analysis shows that the LIBS spectra of navel oranges in different producing areas have certain difference, which shows the feasibility of using LIBS spectral technology to realize navel orange producing area identification (identification method references: Renfu, etc., navel orange producing area identification based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, progress of laser and optoelectronics, 55, 093003 (2018)).
The results of the discrimination are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Can know by table 1 data, the utility model discloses origin is distinguished the rate of accuracy and is about 85% to the shape size to the navel orange does not have the restriction, can carry out element detection and classification to the navel orange that the surface height differs more than 30 mm.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments or in part of the technical features of the embodiments without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a navel orange element composition LIBS all-optical quick detection device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a detection platform, an LIBS system, a spectrometer, an optical fiber and a control cabinet;
the LIBS system is fixed on the detection platform, the detection platform is arranged above the conveying mechanism in a spanning mode, and the conveying mechanism penetrates through the middle of the detection platform; the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the navel oranges to a detection platform for detection;
the control cabinet is provided with a control and calculation unit and a display screen, one end of the optical fiber is fixed on the detection platform, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with the spectrograph, and the spectrograph is connected with the control and calculation unit through a signal line;
the conveying mechanism specifically comprises a first motor, a second motor, a fruit feeding mechanism and a roller conveying belt; the first motor drives the fruit feeding mechanism, the second motor drives the roller conveyer belt to move, and the first motor and the second motor are both connected with the control and calculation unit;
the LIBS system comprises a laser, a first lens group, a second lens group, a beam splitter and a perforated reflector; the laser comprises a laser host and a laser head connected with the laser host through a signal line, the laser host controls the laser head to emit pulse laser, and the laser host is connected with the control and calculation system through the signal line; the beam splitter is positioned on a pulse laser light path emitted by the laser head, and the first lens group, the perforated reflector and the roller conveyer belt are sequentially positioned on a reflected light path of the beam splitter; the pulse laser is shaped by the first lens group to form a long-focus deep light beam, and the long-focus deep light beam passes through the perforated reflector and is irradiated on a navel orange placed on the roller conveyer belt; and the second lens group and one end of the optical fiber are sequentially positioned on a reflection light path of the perforated reflector.
2. The all-optical fast detection device for navel orange elemental composition LIBS as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first photoelectric switch and a second photoelectric switch are arranged on the detection platform and are connected with the control and calculation unit; the first photoelectric switch is installed in the left end of the second photoelectric switch and used for recording the number of navel oranges passing through, the second photoelectric switch is located under the long-focus deep light beam and plays a role in triggering detection, and when the navel oranges shield the second photoelectric switch triggers a detection start signal.
3. The device for the all-optical rapid detection of navel orange elemental composition LIBS according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising at least one of the following technical features:
the first lens group comprises a first convex lens, a first concave lens and a second convex lens which are vertically arranged side by side, and the distance between the first convex lens, the first concave lens and the second convex lens is fixed;
the second lens group comprises a third convex lens and a fourth convex lens which are horizontally arranged in parallel;
the laser head is horizontally arranged, the beam splitter and the horizontal direction are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, and the perforated reflector and the horizontal direction are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees.
4. The all-optical rapid detection device for navel orange elemental composition LIBS according to claim 3, further comprising at least one of the following technical features:
the distance between the first convex lens and the first concave lens is 80-90 mm;
the distance between the first concave lens and the second convex lens is 22-28 mm;
the focal length of the first convex lens is 260-400 mm;
the focal length of the first concave lens is 80-150 mm;
the focal length of the second convex lens is 150-250 mm.
5. The all-optical rapid detection device for navel orange elemental composition LIBS according to claim 3, further comprising at least one of the following technical features:
the wavelength of the pulse laser beam is 1064nm, and the diameter of the pulse laser beam is 5 mm;
the distance between the focal point position of the first lens group and the second convex lens is 680-750 mm;
the focal depth range of the first lens group is 15-30 mm.
6. The all-optical fast detection device for the navel orange elemental composition LIBS according to claim 5, wherein the detection device further comprises a frequency converter, and the first motor and the second motor are connected with the frequency converter and controlled by the frequency converter to adjust the speed.
7. The apparatus for all-optical rapid detection of navel orange elemental composition LIBS according to claim 6, wherein said fruit feeding mechanism comprises a fruit feeding port and a conveyor belt connected to said fruit feeding port.
8. The device for full-optical rapid detection of navel orange elemental composition LIBS according to claim 7, wherein the roller conveyer belt comprises a roller, a conveyer chain, and a main chain driving wheel, a first driven chain driving wheel, a second driven chain driving wheel and a third driven chain driving wheel which are matched with the conveyer chain, the roller is in a dumbbell-shaped structure, and can fix a single navel orange, and the conveyer chain is installed at two ends of the roller.
9. The all-optical fast detection device for navel orange element composition LIBS of claim 8, wherein the detection platform is arranged in a ladder shape, the laser head is installed on a first ladder, a second optical flat plate is installed on the upper surface of a second ladder, an optical upright is installed on the second optical flat plate, the optical upright is used for fixing the first lens group and the beam splitter, and a first optical flat plate is installed on the lower surface of the second ladder and used for fixing the second lens group and the optical fiber probe.
10. The all-optical rapid detection device for elemental navel orange composition LIBS according to claim 9, wherein the optical fiber probe is fixed on the first optical flat plate through an optical connection rod; and/or the first lens group and the beam splitter are fixed on the optical upright post through an optical fixing seat.
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| CN110161014A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-23 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of full optics device for fast detecting of navel orange elemental composition LIBS and its method |
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