CN101021478A - Laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image detecting method and device for fruit quality - Google Patents
Laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image detecting method and device for fruit quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN101021478A CN101021478A CNA2007100673694A CN200710067369A CN101021478A CN 101021478 A CN101021478 A CN 101021478A CN A2007100673694 A CNA2007100673694 A CN A2007100673694A CN 200710067369 A CN200710067369 A CN 200710067369A CN 101021478 A CN101021478 A CN 101021478A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device to detect fluorescence high-spectrum image introduced by laser of fruit quality. It can detect defect, damage, color, sugar degree, texture, acidity and inner nutrient material of fruits without wearing. It contains fruit delivery parts, achieving parts of fluorescence high-spectrum image and computer system. Delivery parts is composed of slide rail and arc roller which has a near-infrared position sensor bellow for estimating the position of fruit. Achieving parts of fluorescence high-spectrum image contains laser, laser condenser, trigger, CCD camera and imaging spectrometer. Laser condenser is set in front of laser and imaging spectrometer connects CCD camera. Laser is above delivery parts. Position sensor can control time for CCD camera collecting images by using trigger. CCD camera connects to image collecting card of the computer system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Non-Destructive Testing of agricultural product internal soundness, specifically a kind of method and apparatus that utilizes the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image technology to come the multiple quality of Non-Destructive Testing fruit.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of people's quality of life, the consumer except paying attention to external sorts such as size, color, face shaping, also very values for inside quality such as hardness, pol, acidity and indexs such as inner nutriment such as vitamin content when choosing fruit.The Non-Destructive Testing of fruit internal quality will be for the consumer provides directly, the easy means of rapid evaluation fruit flavouring quality.In order to satisfy consumers in general for choosing High Quality Fruit, really reach the purpose of genuine goods at a fair price, research and development Non-Destructive Testing fruit grading technology has practical value.At present, the research method of fruit internal quality Non-Destructive Testing at present mainly is that method has the near-infrared analysis method.
Near-infrared spectrum technique has reasonable predictive ability to fruit pol, acidity and inner nutriment, but this information is one dimension.Because agricultural and animal products are irregular body often, surperficial each several part has the difference of shape, color even tissue signature.And the position that fibre-optical probe detects is very little, so the information that spectrum is expressed just seems not comprehensive.Computer picture can be expressed two-dimensional signal, has the advantage of telemeasurement.In addition, can detect a plurality of agricultural and animal products objects simultaneously with computer picture, detection efficiency is very high.Current, the new technology of detection of a kind of energy integration spectrum and image detection advantage--high spectrum image just in time can satisfy the needs of agricultural and animal products detection technique development.
Though it is near infrared spectrum can characterize agricultural and animal products inside quality information preferably, and is better to the predictive ability of fruit pol, acidity and inner nutriment, relatively poor to the precision of prediction of quality (hardness).At present, still do not have and can carry out Non-Destructive Testing fruit internal quality, thus can be easily and fast and distinguish the technology of fruit internal quality accurately.Therefore be necessary to design a kind of non-destruction, noncontact, detection method and device fast,, improve the fruit competitiveness in international market in order to the more accurate classification of fruit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image technology of using to come quick nondestructive to detect the method and apparatus of fruit defects or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment.
Studies show that fluorescent high spectrum dispersion image has good detectability to fruit quality (hardness), and can detect the multiple index of quality simultaneously, as defective or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment etc.This patent adopts the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image technology that fruit internal quality is detected, can set up effective forecast model well, can be easily and fast and distinguish fruit internal quality accurately thereby realize to the online detection of the spectrum picture of fruit and classification.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted:
A kind of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image detecting method of fruit quality, utilize surface imperfection or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and the inner nutriment of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image method Non-Destructive Testing fruit, it is characterized in that comprising following job step:
1) the fruit transfer unit is pushing away fruit and is advancing, and keeps fruit upwards to aim at imaging spectrometer all the time with the position, equator, in order to the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image of taking fruit;
2) the laser instrument laser radiation of sending is to fruit surface, and the fruit fluorescence that the back produces that is stimulated enters into the mechanism that imaging spectrometer is installed through lens, and the fluoroscopic image at different wave length place is gathered with the CCD camera by this mechanism;
3) fluorescent high spectral image at each wavelength place in the image pick-up card by system, imaging spectrometer, CCD camera collection 640nm to the 1100nm interval;
4) in the fluorescent high spectral image at each wavelength place, be the sub-image of a fixed measure of center intercepting with the laser spots, the gray-scale value mean value of statistics sub-image;
5) according to the gray-scale value mean value of sub-image, adopt principal component analytical method to determine the fluorescent high spectral image in optimal wavelength interval, again according to the sub-image gray-scale value mean value of fluorescent high spectral image between optimal zone, set up the forecast model of caluclate table planar defect or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment, thereby judge the grade of fruit.
Described forecast model can also obtain by the following method:
Arrive fruit surface with laser instrument as light source irradiation, gather the fluorescent high spectral image of 640nm to 1100nm by CCD camera and imaging spectrometer;
The spectral value of representing each wavelength place spectrum picture of fruit with the gray-scale value mean value of sub-image, thereby the more comprehensive curve of spectrum of the information that obtains uses the curve of spectrum that obtains to set up the forecast model of surface imperfection or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment again.
A kind of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image pick-up unit of fruit quality, it is characterized in that: comprise the fruit transfer unit, the fluorescence spectrum image acquisition component, department of computer science's classification mechanism of unifying, described fruit transfer unit is made of the awl of the circular arc on slideway and slideway roller, classification mechanism comprises the high-pressure jet mouth, the high-pressure jet mouth is installed in fruit transfer unit fruit slideway and the poor really crotch of slideway well, described fluorescence spectrum image acquisition component comprises laser instrument, condenser, trigger, CCD camera and imaging spectrometer, condenser is installed in the front of laser instrument, the CCD camera is installed in the imaging spectrometer back, the CCD camera connects laser instrument by trigger, the CCD camera is also connected to the image pick-up card of computer system, imaging spectrometer be positioned at the fruit transfer unit directly over, laser instrument is positioned at the oblique upper of fruit transfer unit, and the near infrared position transducer is housed on the fruit transfer unit.
Described laser instrument is positioned at the oblique upper of fruit transfer unit, and the angle of the transporting flat of its laser beam and fruit transfer unit is the 5-30 degree.
Described laser instrument is the Nd:YAG laser instrument, and the optical maser wavelength that laser instrument sends is selected 632nm or 408nm for use.
Because after the present invention had taked above-mentioned technical measures, it compared with prior art had following characteristics:
1) adopt laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image can detect the multiple quality of fruit simultaneously.If can detect defective or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment simultaneously.
2) other fruit that is difficult to detect damage and quality (comprising hardness) all there is good predictive ability.The defective of setting up or the facies relationship number average of damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment forecast model can reach more than 0.95.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is principle of the present invention and method synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of classification mechanism of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention utilizes defective or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and the inner nutriment of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image method Non-Destructive Testing fruit, comprises fruit transfer unit, achieving parts of fluorescence high, computer system.The fruit transfer unit is made of the arc wheel on slideway and the slideway, and there is near infrared position transducer 10 the roller below of fruit transfer unit, to judge the position of fruit 8.Achieving parts of fluorescence high comprises laser instrument 4, laser focusing mirror 6, trigger 3, CCD camera 12, imaging spectrometer 5.Laser focusing mirror 6 is installed in the front of laser instrument 4; Imaging spectrometer 5 connects CCD camera 12.Laser instrument 4 is positioned at the top of fruit transfer unit, and position transducer 10 can be controlled time of the pulsed illumination and CCD camera 12 images acquired of laser instrument 4 by trigger 3, and CCD camera 12 is also connected to the image pick-up card 2 of computer system 1.Computer system 1 comprises hardware and software two big parts.Be useful on the defective of Non-Destructive Testing fruit or the dedicated system software of damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment (promptly detecting software).Laser instrument 4 is the Nd:YAG laser instrument, wavelength 635nm or 408nm.
Utilize defective or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and the inner nutriment of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image method Non-Destructive Testing fruit, comprise following job step:
1) the fruit transfer unit is pushing away fruit 8 with position, equator static the advancing that make progress, in order to the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image of taking fruit 8;
2) laser beam 7 sent of laser instrument 4 shines fruit 8 surfaces, and fruit 8 fluorescence 11 that the back produces that is stimulated enters into the mechanism that imaging spectrometer 5 is installed through lens, and the fluoroscopic image at different wave length place is gathered with CCD camera 12 by this mechanism;
3) gather the fluorescent high spectral image at each wavelength place in 640hm to the 1100nm interval by image pick-up card 2, imaging spectrometer 5, the CCD camera 12 of system.
4) in the fluorescent high spectral image at each wavelength place, be the sub-image that the center intercepts a fixed measure with the laser spots.The gray-scale value mean value of statistics sub-image.
5), adopt principal component analytical method to determine the fluorescent high spectral image in optimal wavelength interval according to the gray-scale value mean value of sub-image.According to the sub-image gray-scale value mean value of fluorescent high spectral image between optimal zone, set up the model of prediction defective or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment again.
With reference to accompanying drawing, structure of the present invention is as follows:
1) fruit transfer unit.The fruit transfer unit adopts arc wheel, and fruit 8 can advance with fixed pose, in order to the fluorescent high spectral image of taking fruit 8.
2) fluorescence spectrum image acquisition component.Comprise laser instrument 4 (Nd:YAG laser instrument, wavelength 635nm or 408nm), condenser 6, CCD camera 12 and imaging spectrometer 5 (can adopt the incorporate ImSpector V10E of CCD camera and imaging spectrometer, high spectrum camera spectral range is 408-1117nm, and spectral resolution is 2.8nm) etc. composition.The laser radiation of being sent by laser instrument 4 is to fruit 8 surfaces, and the fluorescence 11 that sends after fruit 8 is excited enters into the mechanism that imaging spectrometer 5 is installed through lens, and the fluorescent high spectral image at different wave length place can be gathered with CCD camera 12 by this mechanism.The function of trigger 3 is actions of control CCD camera 12 images acquired.
3) computer system.After computing machine 1 obtains image by image pick-up card 2, the intercepting sub-image.Detect software obtains the optimal wavelength interval by optimization method fluorescent high spectral image, utilize the fluorescent high spectral image in optimal wavelength interval to carry out sub-image average gray statistics, and then according to the defective of operation values substitution fruit or the forecast model of damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment, thereby judge the grade of fruit 8.
4) classification mechanism.This mechanism includes high-pressure jet mouth 12, and the indicator signal according to computing machine 1 provides according to relevant fruit 14 grades or technical standard, is blown into difference fruit slideway 17 with underproof fruit 14.
During transfer unit work, fruit 8 is placed in 9 on fruit roller (roller is static).Fruit 8 is transported to CCD camera 12 belows by transfer unit, laser beam 7 oblique fruit 8 tissues of injecting.Cause behind position transducer 10 induced signals that trigger 3 starts CCD camera 12 earlier and controls CCD camera 12 shooting fluoroscopic images.After computing machine 1 obtains image by image pick-up card 2, the intercepting sub-image.Detect software obtains the optimal wavelength interval by optimization method fluorescent high spectral image, utilize the fluorescent high spectral image in optimal wavelength interval to carry out sub-image average gray statistics, and then according to the defective of operation values substitution fruit or the forecast model of damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment, thereby judge the grade of fruit 8.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image detecting method of fruit quality, utilize surface imperfection or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and the inner nutriment of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image method Non-Destructive Testing fruit, it is characterized in that comprising following job step:
1) the fruit transfer unit is pushing away fruit (8) and is advancing, and keeps fruit (8) upwards to aim at imaging spectrometer (5) all the time with the position, equator, in order to the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image of taking fruit (8);
2) laser (7) that sends of laser instrument (4) shines fruit (8) surface, the fluorescence (11) that produces after fruit (8) is stimulated enters into the mechanism that imaging spectrometer (5) are installed through lens, and the fluoroscopic image at different wave length place is gathered with CCD camera (12) by this mechanism;
3) gather the fluorescent high spectral image at each wavelength place in 640nm to the 1100nm interval by image pick-up card (2), imaging spectrometer (5), the CCD camera (12) of system;
4) in the fluorescent high spectral image at each wavelength place, be the sub-image of a fixed measure of center intercepting with the laser spots, the gray-scale value mean value of statistics sub-image;
5) according to the gray-scale value mean value of sub-image, adopt principal component analytical method to determine the fluorescent high spectral image in optimal wavelength interval, again according to the sub-image gray-scale value mean value of fluorescent high spectral image between optimal zone, set up the forecast model of caluclate table planar defect or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment, thereby judge the grade of fruit.
2, the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image detecting method of fruit quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described forecast model obtains by the following method:
Arrive fruit surface with laser instrument (4) as light source irradiation, gather the fluorescent high spectral image of 640nm to 1100nm by CCD camera (12) and imaging spectrometer (5);
The spectral value of representing each wavelength place spectrum picture of fruit with the gray-scale value mean value of sub-image, thereby the more comprehensive curve of spectrum of the information that obtains uses the curve of spectrum that obtains to set up the forecast model of surface imperfection or damage, color, pol, quality, acidity and inner nutriment again.
3, a kind of laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image pick-up unit of fruit quality, it is characterized in that: comprise the fruit transfer unit, the fluorescence spectrum image acquisition component, department of computer science's classification mechanism of unifying, described fruit transfer unit is made of the awl roller of the circular arc on slideway (18) and the slideway (18) (9), classification mechanism comprises high-pressure jet mouth (12), high-pressure jet mouth (12) is installed in fruit transfer unit fruit slideway (16) and the poor really crotch of slideway (17) well, described fluorescence spectrum image acquisition component comprises laser instrument (4), condenser (6), trigger (3), CCD camera (12) and imaging spectrometer (5), condenser (6) is installed in the front of laser instrument (4), CCD camera (12) is installed in imaging spectrometer (5) back, CCD camera (12) connects laser instrument (4) by trigger (3), CCD camera (12) is also connected to the image pick-up card (2) of computer system (1), imaging spectrometer (5) be positioned at the fruit transfer unit directly over, laser instrument (4) is positioned at the oblique upper of fruit transfer unit, and near infrared position transducer (10) is housed on the fruit transfer unit.
4, the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image pick-up unit of fruit quality according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described laser instrument (4) is positioned at the oblique upper of fruit transfer unit, and its laser beam (7) is the 5-30 degree with the angle of the transporting flat of fruit transfer unit.
5, the laser inducing fluorescent high spectral image pick-up unit of fruit quality according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described laser instrument (4) is a helium-neon laser, and the optical maser wavelength that laser instrument (4) sends is selected 632nm or 408nm for use.
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