CN114002234A - Simple ceramic tile surface defect detection device and method - Google Patents

Simple ceramic tile surface defect detection device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114002234A
CN114002234A CN202111260829.1A CN202111260829A CN114002234A CN 114002234 A CN114002234 A CN 114002234A CN 202111260829 A CN202111260829 A CN 202111260829A CN 114002234 A CN114002234 A CN 114002234A
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linear array
array camera
image
defects
assembly
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宋维尔
杨凯歌
王伟
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Nanjing Guangheng Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Guangheng Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a simple tile surface defect detection device, which comprises a linear array camera, a linear coaxial light source, an image processing unit, a display unit, a marking/reminding assembly, a photoelectric switch triggering assembly and a conveyor assembly, wherein the linear array camera is arranged on the front end of the linear coaxial light source; conveying the ceramic tile to be detected on the surface of the conveyor assembly; the photoelectric switch trigger assembly is fixedly arranged on one side of the conveyor assembly; the linear array camera is electrically connected with the image processing unit, the display unit and the marking/reminding assembly in sequence; wherein the linear coaxial light source is fixedly arranged on the same vertical axis of the linear array camera, and the linear array camera is used for shooting images on the front surface of the ceramic tile. The imaging problems of micro scratches and shallow surface cracks are solved by adopting a linear array coaxial light source and a linear array camera positive shooting imaging mode, and stable defect detection can be realized by rear-end processing conveniently; the effects of the two can be synthesized, the complexity and the cost of the system are greatly reduced, and the effect difference of actual detection and comparison is small.

Description

Simple ceramic tile surface defect detection device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic tile surface defect detection equipment, and particularly relates to a simple ceramic tile surface defect detection device and method.
Background
When the surface defects of the ceramic tile are detected at present, a conventional visual detection mode adopts a group of single industrial cameras, a mode of positive shooting of the cameras is adopted, a linear light source at an inclined angle is combined and shot, a complete image of an object to be detected is obtained, then, an image processing unit is used for analyzing color difference of the collected image, a defect area is preselected, secondary filtering (shape or other models are adopted) is combined to carry out secondary confirmation on the preselected area, the mode is only suitable for plane color difference defect detection and obvious concave-convex defect identification, and defects with small ground color difference aiming at some defects are difficult to identify from the image, such as concave glaze, scratches, glaze cracks and the like.
The second mode is performed by adopting a mode of a plurality of groups of combined cameras, a group of cameras with specific angles are added for the shallow concave-convex defects to shoot, an additional group of cameras are needed in the mode, when the additional group of cameras are low-angle cameras, the tiny pits on the shooting surface can achieve high contrast, but color imaging cannot be achieved, and the data processing amount of the mode is large. It should be noted that, in this way, the amount of calculation of the data of the whole system is increased, and at the same time, the hardware cost is increased, the complexity of the system is high, and the installation and calibration have not small challenges.
It can be seen that the conventional technical solution has a complex structure, and adopts multiple sets of cameras or adds some other types of sensors to complement each other to solve the fine concave-convex defect, and the technical problems of large data amount processed by the cameras and high requirement on hardware due to the combination of the multiple sets of cameras are brought. The conventional linear array industrial camera and the linear light source forming the inclined plane angle are combined to realize, the mode can well realize the plane chromatic aberration defects, but effective shooting can be realized basically for concave-convex defects, particularly tiny defects (such as concave glaze, scratches, glaze cracks and the like), and the effective detection is not mentioned.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a simple tile surface defect detecting device, which specifically comprises:
the linear array camera, the linear coaxial light source, the image processing unit, the display unit, the marking/reminding assembly, the photoelectric switch triggering assembly and the conveyor assembly are included; the conveyor assembly conveys the ceramic tiles to be detected; the photoelectric switch trigger assembly is fixedly arranged on one side of the conveyor assembly; the linear array camera is electrically connected with the image processing unit, the display unit and the marking/reminding assembly in sequence; wherein the linear coaxial light source is fixedly arranged on the same vertical axis of the linear array camera, and the linear array camera is used for shooting images on the surface of the ceramic tile.
As an improvement, the device also comprises a metering wheel pulse trigger component; the metering wheel pulse trigger assembly is used for sending a preset shooting line number trigger signal and transmitting the signal to the linear array camera; the photoelectric switch trigger assembly sends out a trigger starting signal and then transmits the trigger starting signal to the linear array camera, the linear array camera starts shooting, then starts to collect images of a preset shooting line number after receiving a signal of the metering wheel pulse trigger assembly, and finishes shooting when receiving an ending signal sent by the photoelectric switch trigger assembly.
As an improvement, the image processing unit comprises analysis processing on defects of color difference class and plane class and processing on concave-convex defects, wherein when the analysis processing on the defects of color difference class and plane class, the specific method comprises the following steps: extracting the image collected by the linear array camera to obtain image edge information, identifying the defects of a plane type and a chromatic aberration type, classifying the defects and storing the results through a classifier, and transmitting the results to a display unit for displaying after the processing is finished.
As an improvement, the specific method for processing the concave-convex defect comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of extracting an image collected by a linear array camera to obtain image edge information, analyzing brightness of bright and dark points of the obtained image, identifying concave-convex and scratch defects according to difference of light source reflection brightness, classifying the defects through a classifier, transmitting a result to a display unit to display after the defect classification is finished, sending the judged defect information to a marking/reminding assembly, sending a defect marking signal of a ceramic tile and sending a degradation reminding signal.
As an improvement, the transmission result comprises classification information of the defects, and information of the types, sizes and numbers of the defects.
Meanwhile, a measuring method of the device is also provided, and the specific steps are as follows:
the linear array camera and the linear coaxial light source are installed along the same vertical axis, a conveyor assembly conveys the ceramic tile to be detected along a conveying track, when the ceramic tile to be detected runs to the position of the photoelectric switch triggering assembly, the photoelectric switch triggering assembly sends a triggering starting signal which is transmitted to the linear array camera, and the linear array camera starts shooting; the linear array camera works according to the preset shooting line number interval signal, and finally finishes shooting when the linear array camera acquires an end signal sent by the photoelectric switch trigger assembly;
(II) image processing:
the linear array camera and the linear coaxial light source are on the same axis, so that a shot image including a normal texture image of the surface of the ceramic tile is obtained, and different brightness information is obtained according to total reflection or diffuse reflection of the light source on brightness acquisition of the image by arranging the coaxial light source, so that concave-convex defects and scratch defects can be distinguished through brightness and dark differences of the image; processing the obtained image in an image processing unit, extracting the image, extracting the edge of the image, classifying the image by a defect classifier according to two modes of plane, color difference defect and concave-convex defect, sending the result to an upper computer software unit in the image processing unit, summarizing the types, sizes and quantity of the defects of the detection result by the upper computer through a detection standard preset by a client, judging the grade of the ceramic tile in a grading way, and sending the detection result to a display unit and a marking/reminding component;
(III) displaying and marking:
and the result is displayed, marked and warned through the display unit and the marking/reminding assembly.
As an improvement, in the step (two), the processing method of the plane and color difference defects comprises the following steps: and extracting the image acquired by the linear array camera to obtain image edge information, identifying the defects of a plane type and a chromatic aberration type, classifying the defects through a classifier, and transmitting the result to a display unit for displaying.
In the second step, the method for processing the concave-convex defect comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of extracting images collected by a linear array camera to obtain image edge information, carrying out bright and dark point brightness analysis on the obtained images, identifying concave-convex and scratch defects according to the difference of light source reflection brightness, classifying the defects through a classifier, and transmitting results to a display unit for displaying.
Has the advantages that: the device provided by the invention only uses a group of cameras to combine a group of coaxial light sources, can realize the shooting of normal color textures by means of the principle of total reflection of the illumination light sources, can also distinguish a background (smoother, realizes total reflection and higher area imaging effect) from some shallow concave-convex defects (rough surface, realizes diffuse reflection and darker area imaging effect) on the surface in a brightness mode according to the principle similar to mirror reflection, and provides a relatively obvious brightness/dark difference for a post-processing algorithm, thereby realizing fine defect detection (such as concave glaze, scratches, glaze cracks and the like) through algorithm analysis.
Meanwhile, the measurement method of the device realizes the measurement process by combining a group of linear array cameras with a linear coaxial light source, compared with the conventional measurement method, the measurement method does not need to be provided with a plurality of groups of cameras, even a plurality of groups of sensors or other side light sources, can greatly save the hardware cost of the system, simplifies the whole system, and reduces the data processing quantity by about half.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: the line scan camera comprises a line scan camera 1, a linear coaxial light source 2, an image processing unit 3, a display unit 4, a marking/reminding assembly 5, a photoelectric switch trigger assembly 6, a conveyor assembly 7, a metering wheel pulse trigger assembly 8 and a ceramic tile 9.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention solves the imaging problems of micro scratch and superficial crack by adopting the imaging mode of a linear array coaxial light source and a linear array camera for positive shooting (parallel to the surface of the ceramic tile), and is convenient for back-end processing to realize stable defect detection; meanwhile, the effects of the two can be integrated, the complexity and the cost of the system are greatly reduced, and the effect difference of actual detection and comparison is small.
The following description will be made by way of specific embodiments.
Example 1
The ceramic tile 9 is transported through the conveyor component 7, when the ceramic tile 9 runs to the position of the photoelectric switch trigger component 6, the photoelectric switch trigger component 6 triggers a start signal to the linear array camera 1, the linear array camera 1 starts shooting, the imaging system starts receiving a pulse trigger signal of the meter wheel pulse trigger component 8, the ceramic tile 9 to be detected starts shooting according to the limit of the preset shooting line number, when an end signal of the photoelectric switch trigger component 6 is received, the linear array camera 1 stops shooting, and the image processing unit 3 processes the acquired picture of the linear array camera 1.
The operator 1 performs algorithm analysis on the chromatic aberration plane defects: through image extraction → image edge extraction → plane and color difference defect identification → classification by a classifier, the result is obtained: the defect type, size and number are sent to an upper computer of the image processing unit 3 for storage.
The camera set carries out algorithm analysis aiming at concave-convex defects: through image extraction → image edge extraction → brightness identification of concave-convex defects → classification by a classifier, and after completion, the result: the defect type, size and number are sent to an upper computer of the image processing unit 3 for storage.
The upper computer in the image processing unit 3 receives the 2 groups of results, performs comprehensive analysis, performs image cross analysis on suspected points, eliminates misjudged points, and outputs a summary detection result: xx defect, size xx, and other information are subjected to classification judgment for an upper computer, the upper computer classifies (excellent, qualified, defective and the like) the tested ceramic tiles according to detection results and detection standards of manufacturers, the results are displayed on a detection interface of the upper computer after judgment is finished, and classified grade information is sent to a marking/reminding component 5, so that automatic ceramic tile surface quality classification is realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a simple and easy ceramic tile surface defect detection device which characterized in that: the system comprises a linear array camera (1), a linear coaxial light source (2), an image processing unit (3), a display unit (4), a marking/reminding assembly (5), a photoelectric switch trigger assembly (6) and a conveyor assembly (7); the conveyor assembly (7) conveys the tiles to be detected; the photoelectric switch trigger assembly (6) is fixedly arranged on one side of the conveyor assembly (7); the linear array camera (1) is electrically connected with the image processing unit (3), the display unit (4) and the marking/reminding assembly (5) in sequence; wherein the linear coaxial light source (2) is fixedly arranged on the linear array camera (1) on the same vertical axis, and the linear array camera (1) is used for shooting images on the surface of the ceramic tile.
2. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the metering wheel pulse trigger assembly (8) is further included; the metering wheel pulse trigger assembly (8) is used for sending a preset shooting line number trigger signal and transmitting the signal to the linear array camera (1); the photoelectric switch triggering assembly (6) sends a triggering starting signal and then transmits the triggering starting signal to the linear array camera (1), the linear array camera (1) starts shooting, then the signal of the metering wheel pulse triggering assembly (8) is received, the image work of starting collecting the preset shooting line number is carried out, and the shooting is finished when the ending signal sent by the photoelectric switch triggering assembly (6) is received.
3. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the image processing unit (3) comprises analysis processing on color difference defects and plane defects and processing on concave-convex defects, wherein when the color difference defects and the plane defects are analyzed, the specific method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of extracting an image collected by the linear array camera (1), obtaining image edge information, identifying defects of a plane type and a chromatic aberration type, classifying the defects and storing results through a classifier, and transmitting the results to a display unit (4) for displaying after the processing is finished.
4. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 3, wherein: the specific method for processing the concave-convex defect comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of extracting an image collected by a linear array camera (1), obtaining image edge information, analyzing brightness of bright and dark points of the obtained image, identifying concave-convex and scratch defects according to difference of light source reflection brightness, classifying the defects through a classifier, transmitting a result to a display unit (4) to display after the defect classification is completed, sending the judged defect information to a marking/reminding assembly (5), sending a defect marking signal of a ceramic tile and sending a degradation reminding signal.
5. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 3, wherein: the transmission result comprises classification information of the defects and information of the types, sizes and quantities of the defects.
6. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 3, wherein: the simple tile surface defect detection device of any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted for detection, and the specific measurement steps are as follows:
shooting preparation and image acquisition:
the linear array camera (1) and the linear coaxial light source (2) are installed along the same vertical axis, a conveyor assembly (7) is used for conveying a ceramic tile to be detected along a conveying track, when the ceramic tile runs to the position of a photoelectric switch triggering assembly (6), the photoelectric switch triggering assembly (6) sends a triggering starting signal to be transmitted to the linear array camera (1), and the linear array camera (1) starts shooting; the linear array camera (1) works according to the preset shooting line number interval signal, and finally the linear array camera (1) finishes shooting when acquiring a finishing signal sent by the photoelectric switch trigger assembly (6);
(II) image processing:
the linear array camera (1) and the linear coaxial light source (2) are arranged on the same axis, so that a shot image including a normal texture image of the surface of a ceramic tile is obtained, and different brightness information is obtained according to total reflection or diffuse reflection of the light source on brightness acquisition of the image by arranging the coaxial light source, so that concave-convex defects and scratch defects can be distinguished through brightness and dark differences of the image; processing the obtained image in an image processing unit (3), extracting the image, extracting the edge of the image, classifying the image by a defect classifier according to two modes of plane, color difference defect and concave-convex defect, sending the result to an upper computer software unit in the image processing unit (3), summarizing the types, sizes and number of the defects of the detection result by the upper computer through a detection standard preset by a client, judging the grade of the ceramic tile in a grading way, and sending the detection result to a display unit (4) and a marking/reminding component (5);
(III) displaying and marking:
the result is displayed, marked and warned by the display unit (4) and the marking/reminding component (5).
7. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (two), the processing method of the plane and color difference defects comprises the following steps: the image collected by the linear array camera (1) is extracted to obtain image edge information, the defects of a plane type and a chromatic aberration type are identified, the defects are classified through a classifier, and the transmission result is transmitted to a display unit (4) for displaying.
8. A simple tile surface defect detecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (two), the processing method of the concave-convex defect comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of extracting an image collected by the linear array camera (1), obtaining image edge information, conducting bright and dark point brightness analysis on the obtained image, identifying concave-convex and scratch defects according to the difference of light source reflection brightness, classifying the defects through a classifier, and transmitting a result to a display unit (4) for displaying.
CN202111260829.1A 2021-10-28 2021-10-28 Simple ceramic tile surface defect detection device and method Pending CN114002234A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116256373A (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-06-13 南京华视智能科技有限公司 Perovskite battery film surface defect detection method
CN116626052A (en) * 2023-07-19 2023-08-22 北京阿丘机器人科技有限公司 Battery cover plate surface detection method, device, equipment and storage medium

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CN209460152U (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-10-01 中国计量大学 A kind of device detecting ceramic tile surface crack
CN110715935A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-01-21 佛山市新石器机器人有限公司 Ceramic tile defect detection equipment and method
CN111122590A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-05-08 佛山市景瞳科技有限公司 Ceramic surface defect detection device and detection method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2795852Y (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-07-12 佛山市德科机电设备有限公司 Automatic detector for glazed tile surface property
CN206459621U (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-09-01 佛山市博晖智能科技有限公司 A kind of detecting system for Ceramic Tiles multiple parameters Indexs measure
CN209460152U (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-10-01 中国计量大学 A kind of device detecting ceramic tile surface crack
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116256373A (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-06-13 南京华视智能科技有限公司 Perovskite battery film surface defect detection method
CN116256373B (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-09-12 南京华视智能科技有限公司 Perovskite battery film surface defect detection method
CN116626052A (en) * 2023-07-19 2023-08-22 北京阿丘机器人科技有限公司 Battery cover plate surface detection method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN116626052B (en) * 2023-07-19 2023-10-17 北京阿丘机器人科技有限公司 Battery cover plate surface detection method, device, equipment and storage medium

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Application publication date: 20220201