CN210367760U - Device for producing molten iron by adopting acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets - Google Patents
Device for producing molten iron by adopting acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets Download PDFInfo
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- CN210367760U CN210367760U CN201920835491.XU CN201920835491U CN210367760U CN 210367760 U CN210367760 U CN 210367760U CN 201920835491 U CN201920835491 U CN 201920835491U CN 210367760 U CN210367760 U CN 210367760U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an adopt acid device that contains carbon metallization pelletizing production molten iron belongs to metallurgical engineering technical field, and the device includes feeder, molten iron apparatus for producing, blast furnace gas processing apparatus, reduction device and waste heat recovery device, and molten iron apparatus for producing includes rotary hearth furnace, cooling body and cupola, and the rotary hearth furnace is connected with feeder, and the rotary hearth furnace is connected with waste heat recovery device, and the cupola is connected with blast furnace gas processing apparatus, and the reduction device is connected with feeder. The utility model discloses a rotary hearth furnace direct reduction, cupola furnace melt divide production technology, through rotary hearth furnace high temperature calcination production from the fusibility carbon-containing metallization pellet, because from the fusibility carbon-containing metallization pellet in the solid carbon of certain proportion of going into, can make the metallization pellet produce high temperature molten iron under the condition that the inherent coke that does not use of cupola furnace, reduce the energy resource consumption of iron and steel enterprise, reduce the pollution of carbon emission to the environment, reduce cost and improve effect, energy saving and consumption reduction, green.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of metallurgical engineering, concretely relates to adopt device of acid carbon-containing metallized pellet production molten iron.
Background
The energy consumption of the iron and steel industry accounts for about 5 percent of the total energy consumption of human beings, and the energy consumption mainly comprises fossil energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like, and simultaneously, a large amount of CO is emitted2、SO2、NOxAnd dust and other pollutants. More than 70% of energy consumption and pollution discharge of iron and steel enterprises are generated by an iron-making system, and meanwhile, the 'sintering-coking-iron-making' high-temperature molten iron production process taking blast furnace iron making as a core has larger dependence on mineral resources, particularly Chinese iron ores are externally dependent on mineral resourcesThe storage degree reaches about 60%, the rising of the price of the iron ore is the main reason of difficult profit of the current Chinese iron and steel enterprises, and how to realize energy conservation and emission reduction and stable supply of the iron ore are two key problems about the survival and sustainable development of the iron and steel enterprises.
Blast furnace iron making is the most mature and efficient molten iron production technology in the world at present, the blast furnace molten iron yield accounts for more than 85% of the world pig iron yield, but blast furnace iron making has the problems of long process flow, high coke dependence, great environmental pollution and the like, and the development of a clean, environment-friendly and coke-coal-independent non-blast furnace iron making technology is always the direction of efforts of metallurgical workers. At present, iron and steel enterprises have commercialized and operated two-step melting reduction ironmaking processes COREX and FINEX, which are the most successful non-blast furnace ironmaking technologies, but the iron and steel enterprises still do not completely get rid of the dependence on coke, and the consumption of per ton of iron and coke is 50-200 kg. The iron ore gas-based shaft furnace direct reduction technology is rapidly developed abroad, and for countries with abundant natural gas resources and short coking coal resources, the technology can produce high-quality sponge iron with low price. Because of the shortage of natural gas resources in China and the high price of industrial electricity, the processes of producing sponge iron by directly reducing iron ores by using a gas-based shaft furnace and producing molten iron by melting and separating by using an electric furnace are limited. Therefore, a novel non-blast furnace ironmaking process is developed, various iron ore resources are comprehensively treated, the energy consumption and pollutant discharge of molten iron smelting are reduced, and the international competitiveness of Chinese iron and steel enterprises can be improved.
The new iron-smelting process, rotary hearth furnace direct reduction process, is a coal-based non-blast furnace iron-smelting new process, does not use coke, uses common coal as a reducing agent, and is a short-flow metallic iron production method with simple raw material requirement, high reaction rate, simple equipment, flexible operation and environmental protection. The direct reduction technology of the rotary hearth furnace uses iron ore powder (or laterite nickel)Ore, vanadium titano-magnetite, pyrite cinder or metallurgical dust, steelmaking sludge and the like) as raw materials, and the production process comprises two steps: the production of green pellets and the direct reduction of a rotary hearth furnace are carried out, the core equipment of the process is the rotary hearth furnace, and the treatment process comprises the steps of proportioning iron-containing materials, reducing agents and binders of iron and steel enterprises according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing, and pelletizing by using a pelletizer or a pelletizer to obtain the pellets. After the cold-bonded carbon-containing pellets are dried, the carbon-containing pellets are added into a hearth from the top of the hearth through a charging machine of the rotary hearth furnace, the pellets are laid on the bottom of the hearth, and green pellets are laid on a hearth of the rotary hearth furnace to form a layer with the thickness of 1-2. The inside of the hearth is supplied with heat through the burning fuel of the burner at the upper part, and the temperature in the furnace can reach more than 1250 ℃. During the rotation of the rotary hearth furnace body, the pellets are successively subjected to the preheating of the loading area, the heating of the heating area, the reduction of the reduction area and the discharging of the discharging area, so that the pellets can be reduced. In the process that flue gas generated in the rotary hearth furnace flows above furnace materials in the reverse direction of the material rotation direction, heat generated by fuel combustion is transferred to roasted pellets by means of radiation heat transfer of the furnace wall and flame, and after carbon-containing pellets are heated to a reduction temperature, iron oxide particles in the pellets react with carbon particles and reduction gas to finally generate metallized pellets with high iron content. When the metallized pellet reaches the discharge port, the metallized pellet after reduction is discharged by a discharging machine. As the temperature in the rotary hearth furnace is up to 1250-. Since carbon in the carbon-containing pellets is uniformly distributed in the whole pellets, when the pellets reach a certain temperature, countless carbon particles and reducing gas distributed in the pellets undergo reduction reaction with oxides such as iron, zinc and the like, so that the reduction inside the pellets can be called self-reduction. Meanwhile, the volatile component in the coal generally accounts for 10-40% of the combustible base, the coal is heated to a high enough temperature to release volatile component gas, and the main component of the volatile component is H2CO and hydrocarbons, H2And CO can be used as reducing agent, and is hydrocarbonThe material can be used as fuel after entering the hearth space.
The direct reduction process of the iron ore rotary hearth furnace has the advantages that: (1) the method can effectively recycle and utilize iron, carbon and zinc in the zinc-containing dust of iron and steel enterprises, generally does not need additional coal, directly utilizes the carbon in the dust to reduce iron oxide and zinc oxide, and generally has a metallization rate of over 70 percent and a dezincification rate of over 80 percent. (2) The iron ore concentrate and the coal powder are mixed according to a certain proportion by an in-pellet coal blending process, pelletizing is carried out after a certain proportion of binder is added, and the pellets are subjected to high-temperature reduction reaction in a rotary hearth furnace to realize the reduction of iron oxide. (3) The iron oxide has fast high temperature reduction speed in the rotary hearth furnace, and can reduce dust and waste containing metal oxide into metal, and at high temperature, many harmful elements and matters in the dust can volatilize or decompose and can be burnt for use as fuel. (4) The rotary hearth furnace is a closed system, the micro negative pressure operation is carried out in the furnace, the pollution emission is basically avoided in the production process, the final solid product and the purified flue gas meet the environmental protection requirement, and the flue gas waste heat is fully utilized.
The main problems of the direct reduction process of the iron ore rotary hearth furnace are as follows: (1) the maximum scale annual iron production of a single rotary hearth furnace is less than 50 ten thousand tons, and the single furnace capacity is low. (2) The material reduction temperature of the rotary hearth furnace is up to 1250-. (3) The metallization rate of the reduced material produced by the rotary hearth furnace is 70-85%, when the reduced material is used as a raw material of a steelmaking converter, the reduced material needs to be ground and magnetically separated, and when the reduced material is used as a raw material of a blast furnace, the reduced material needs to be melted and finally reduced. (4) When the rotary hearth furnace is used for producing steelmaking converter metalized materials, high-grade iron ore concentrate is needed to be used as a raw material, and the production cost is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an adopt the device of acid carbon-containing metallized pellet production molten iron to solve must use the huge problem of coke, ordinary coal and reductant energy consumption among the current rotary hearth furnace technique.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
the device for producing the molten iron by adopting the acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets comprises a feeding device, a molten iron production device, a blast furnace gas treatment device, a reduction device and a waste heat recovery device, wherein the molten iron production device comprises a rotary hearth furnace, a cooling mechanism and an iron-melting furnace which are sequentially connected, the inlet end of the rotary hearth furnace is connected with the discharge end of the feeding device, the high-temperature flue gas discharge port of the rotary hearth furnace is connected with the inlet end of the waste heat recovery device, the gas outlet of the iron-melting furnace is connected with the blast furnace gas treatment device, and the exhaust end of the reduction device is connected with the gas inlet end of the feeding device.
The feeder includes cylinder drying-machine and vertical milling machine, still includes proportioning machine, blendor, balling machine, screening machine and the chain grate that connects according to the preface, and the feed inlet of proportioning machine is connected with cylinder drying-machine and vertical milling machine respectively, and the discharge gate of chain grate is connected with the feed inlet of rotary hearth furnace, and the tail gas discharge port of chain grate sets up tail gas recovery unit, still includes the flue gas stove of being connected with the steam inlet of chain grate, and the air inlet of flue gas stove is connected with reduction device's exhaust end.
The waste heat recovery device comprises a high-temperature waste heat boiler, an air heat exchanger, a gas heat exchanger, a water heat exchanger and a tail gas recovery device which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature waste heat boiler is connected with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the rotary hearth furnace, a hot air outlet of the air heat exchanger is connected with a hot air inlet of the rotary hearth furnace, a high-temperature gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with a preheated gas inlet of the rotary hearth furnace, and a hot water outlet of the water heat exchanger is connected with a hot water inlet of the high-temperature waste heat.
The reduction device comprises a coal gasification furnace, a coal gas outlet of the coal gasification furnace is connected with a coal gas heat exchanger, a steam inlet of the coal gasification furnace is connected with a steam outlet of a high-temperature waste heat boiler, a bituminous coal outlet of the coal gasification furnace is connected with a feed inlet of a flue gas furnace, the coal gas outlet of the coal gasification furnace is also provided with a hot blast stove, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove is respectively connected with a cylinder dryer and a vertical pulverizer.
The blast furnace gas treatment device comprises a combustion chamber and a heat accumulating type heat exchanger, a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the hot blast furnace is connected with an air inlet of the cupola furnace, the cupola furnace is sequentially connected with the combustion chamber and the heat accumulating type heat exchanger, a hot air outlet of the heat accumulating type heat exchanger is connected with the cupola furnace, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet of the heat accumulating type heat exchanger is provided with a smoke extractor.
And a pulverized coal injection device is arranged on the cupola furnace.
The tail gas recovery device comprises a bag-type dust collector and a smoke extractor.
And the flue gas furnace, the air heat exchanger, the hot blast stove, the combustion chamber and the coal gasification furnace are respectively provided with a blower.
The utility model discloses compare in prior art's beneficial effect do:
(1) the utility model abandons the traditional high temperature molten iron production process of sintering-coking-ironmaking of iron and steel enterprises, adopts the short direct reduction of the rotary hearth furnace and melting production process of the cupola furnace, takes the common coal as the reducing agent and the fuel, takes the iron ore concentrate as the raw material, and can produce the high temperature molten iron;
(2) the utility model produces the self-fluxing carbon-containing metallized pellet by adding excessive carbon into the pellet, using the oxygen-increasing desulfurizer as the alkalinity regulator and roasting the self-fluxing carbon-containing metallized pellet at high temperature in the rotary hearth furnace, and can lead the metallized pellet to produce high-temperature molten iron by introducing high-temperature hot air under the condition of not using coke in the cupola furnace because a certain proportion of carbon is fixed in the self-fluxing carbon-containing metallized pellet;
(3) the utility model discloses in the iron ore concentrate reduction process in the rotary hearth furnace, the coal heats the gas that reducing gas, the carbon gasification reaction that heaies up and emit and produce and carries out the iron ore concentrate reduction, and the CO that the oxygenation desulfurizer decomposed and emits2The carbon in the gasified pellets as the oxygenation agent can improve the concentration of reducing gas in the reduction process of iron ore, shorten the reduction time of iron ore concentrate and improve the reduction quality of the iron ore concentrate;
(4) the main component of gas discharged from the material layer of the rotary hearth furnace is CO, the CO can be used as fuel of the rotary hearth furnace, and the heat requirement in the reduction process of the rotary hearth furnace can be met by utilizing the combustion heat release of the gas discharged from the material layer under the condition that external coal gas is not used by the rotary hearth furnace through adjusting the content of volatile matters and fixed carbon in the quenched and tempered coal;
(5) the utility model discloses reduce iron and steel enterprise's energy resource consumption by a wide margin, reduced the pollution of carbon emission to the environment, reduced cost and increased efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, green to steel production has the significance.
The utility model discloses a rotary hearth furnace uses the iron ore concentrate to produce from the carbon metallization pelletizing of fusibility as the raw materials to under the condition that does not consume the coke, carry out final reduction and melting to the carbon metallization pelletizing of fusibility through the cupola furnace, can obtain high temperature molten iron. According to SiO in iron ore concentrate, binder and limestone2And CaO content, in order to make the alkalinity of the produced self-fluxing carbon-containing metallized pellets reach 1.0-1.2, limestone with a certain proportion is added into the iron ore concentrate. Meanwhile, according to the heat requirement of melting separation of the metallized pellets in the cupola, in order to remain 5-15% of carbon in the self-fluxing carbon-containing metallized pellets, according to the iron grade of the iron ore concentrate, the quenched and tempered coal with higher weight is added into the iron ore concentrate. In order to prevent the carbon-containing green pellets from generating pulverization phenomenon in the reduction process of the rotary hearth furnace, a certain proportion of liquid-phase modifying agent is added into the pelletizing materials of the iron ore concentrate according to the different alkali metal contents in the iron ore concentrate.
The utility model adds the high proportion of the quenched and tempered coal into the pellet, which can lead the pellet to produce CO in the reduction process and the limestone decomposition process2The method is characterized in that the method is completely used for carrying out carbon gasification reaction, the content of CO in the gas discharged from a material layer at the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace is up to 80-90%, the gas can be used as the fuel of the rotary hearth furnace to be combusted in a hearth, and the heat requirement of direct reduction of iron ore can be met by adjusting the content of volatile matters and fixed carbon in quenched and tempered coal, so that the heat requirement of the rotary hearth furnace in the production process of iron ore concentrate direct reduction can be met without supplying gas fuel.
The utility model discloses in set up the coal gas of coal gasifier production and can regard as rotary hearth furnace at the baker, blow-in, heat up and produce supplementary fuel when unusual and utilize, and after rotary hearth furnace production is normal, can stop the use of external supply coal gas.
The utility model discloses a retrieve rotary hearth furnace exhaust high temperature flue gas waste heat, set up high temperature exhaust-heat boiler, air heat exchanger, coal gas heat exchanger, water heat exchanger's waste heat recovery device in flue gas flow path.
The utility model discloses a make and do not contain combustible composition in the exhaust flue gas of rotary hearth furnace, adopt the blue charcoal that the dry distillation passed more than 600 ℃ to the reductant of iron ore concentrate, during the iron ore concentrate was joined in to the levigated back of blue charcoal, the pelletizing of iron ore concentrate production adds the back from the pan feeding mouth of rotary hearth furnace, and before the pellet heaied up to 600 ℃, any combustible gas can not be emitted to the inside of pelletizing. When the temperature of the pellets rises to 600 ℃, the temperature of the hearth space above the pellets can reach 700-800 ℃. When the temperature of the pellets rises to above 600 ℃, combustible gas is discharged from the interior of the pellets, after the combustible gas overflows from the material layer, the combustible gas reaches the combustion temperature under the action of the furnace temperature above 700 ℃, and the content of residual oxygen in the flue gas is controlled to be 1-2%, so that the overflowed combustible gas can be completely combusted when meeting oxygen, and the content of CO in the discharged flue gas reaches the standard. Because the temperature of the smoke at the kiln inlet end of the rotary hearth furnace is up to 950-1000 ℃, and the excessive oxygen exists in the smoke, when the reducing agent adopts bituminous coal or semi-coke, the combustible components in the smoke can be completely combusted, and the requirement of environmental protection emission is met.
The utility model discloses metallurgical physical processes such as pellet intensification, iron ore concentrate reduction, carbon gasification reaction, lime stone decomposition in the rotary hearth furnace need a large amount of heats, to the interior single face of rotary hearth furnace be heated, furnace inside temperature is high, the characteristics that radiation heat transfer ability is strong, for strengthening the heat transfer of furnace space to the pellet, through increasing the diameter of pellet to 20-30mm, can increase the space between the pellet and the pellet in the bed of material, increase radiation heat transfer space; the upper layer pellet of the bottom material layer of the rotary hearth furnace is heated, heated and reduced preferentially to the lower layer pellet at the same time, combustible gas discharged by the upper part pellet in the preferential heating and reducing process is used as fuel of the rotary hearth furnace, combustible gas discharged by the lower part pellet in the subsequent heating and reducing process passes through the upper part pellet, part of gas is used as reducing agent of the upper part pellet to participate in the reduction of the upper part pellet, and the other part of gas is used as fuel after overflowing from the inside of the material layer. Because the resistance of the upper material layer needs to be overcome in the process that the gas discharged by the lower pellets overflows the material layer, the concentration of the reducing gas in the reduction process of the lower pellets is higher than that of the upper pellets, and the phenomenon of uneven reduction of the upper pellets and the lower pellets caused by the fact that the temperature of the lower material layer is lower than that of the upper material layer can be overcome. In order to improve the concentration of the reducing gas of the lower material layer, the material distribution thickness of the rotary hearth furnace is controlled to be 40-60mm, but the material distribution thickness of the rotary hearth furnace cannot be too thick, and the phenomenon that the reducing temperature of the pellets at the lower part is too low and the reduction is not uniform can be caused when the material layer is too thick.
The utility model mixes the excessive reducing agent into the pellet and volatilizes a large amount of H in the reduction of the reducing agent2And a higher reducing atmosphere concentration can be produced in the whole reducing process of the iron ore concentrate. Due to H2The molecular radius of the iron oxide is much smaller than that of CO, the reduction capability and the gas penetration capability of the iron oxide are better, and the iron oxide can be reduced without higher temperature in the reduction process. According to the condition that the energy consumption is higher when the reduction temperature of the iron ore concentrate is higher, and the reducing materials are easier to melt and bond at the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the rotary hearth furnace in the reduction process of the iron ore concentrate and ensure the normal production of the rotary hearth furnace, the reduction temperature of 1250-1280 ℃ is adopted for the reduction of the iron ore concentrate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
the reference numerals have the following meanings: 1. a feeding device; 2. a molten iron production apparatus; 3. a blast furnace gas processing apparatus; 4. a reduction device; 5. a waste heat recovery device; 6. a cooling mechanism; 7. an iron melting furnace; 8. a cylindrical dryer; 9. a vertical pulverizer; 10. a dosing machine; 11. a mixer; 12. pelletizing; 13. screening machine; 14. a chain grate machine; 15. a tail gas recovery device; 16. a flue gas furnace; 17. a high-temperature waste heat boiler; 18. an air heat exchanger; 19. a gas heat exchanger; 20. a water heat exchanger; 21. a rotary hearth furnace; 22. a coal gasifier; 23. a hot blast stove; 24. a combustion chamber; 25. a regenerative heat exchanger; 26. a smoke extractor; 27. a pulverized coal injection device; 28. a bag-type dust collector; 30. a blower.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for producing molten iron by using acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets comprises a feeding device 1, a molten iron production device 2, a blast furnace gas treatment device 3, a reduction device 4 and a waste heat recovery device 5, wherein the molten iron production device 2 comprises a rotary hearth furnace 21, a cooling mechanism 6 and an iron melting furnace 7 which are sequentially connected, the inlet end of the rotary hearth furnace 21 is connected with the discharge end of the feeding device 1, the high-temperature flue gas discharge port of the rotary hearth furnace 21 is connected with the inlet end of the waste heat recovery device 5, the gas outlet of the iron melting furnace 7 is connected with the blast furnace gas treatment device 3, and the exhaust end of the reduction device 4 is connected with the gas inlet end of the feeding device 1.
Feeder 1 includes cylinder drying-machine 8 and vertical milling machine 9, still includes the proportioning machine 10 that connects according to the preface, blendor 11, pelletizer 12, screening machine 13 and chain grate 14, the feed inlet of proportioning machine 10 is connected with cylinder drying-machine 8 and vertical milling machine 9 respectively, the discharge gate of chain grate 14 is connected with the feed inlet of rotary hearth furnace 21, the tail gas discharge port of chain grate 14 sets up tail gas recovery unit 15, still include the flue gas furnace 16 with the hot gas entry connection of chain grate 14, the air inlet of flue gas furnace 16 is connected with reduction device 4's exhaust end.
The waste heat recovery device 5 comprises a high-temperature waste heat boiler 17, an air heat exchanger 18, a coal gas heat exchanger 19, a water heat exchanger 20 and a tail gas recovery device 15 which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature waste heat boiler 17 is connected with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the rotary hearth furnace 21, a hot air outlet of the air heat exchanger 18 is connected with a hot air inlet of the rotary hearth furnace 21, a high-temperature coal gas outlet of the coal gas heat exchanger 19 is connected with a preheated coal gas inlet of the rotary hearth furnace 21, and a hot water outlet of the water heat exchanger 20 is connected with a hot water inlet of the high-.
The reduction device 4 comprises a coal gasification furnace 22, a coal gas outlet of the coal gasification furnace 22 is connected with a coal gas heat exchanger 19, a steam inlet of the coal gasification furnace 22 is connected with a steam outlet of a high-temperature waste heat boiler 17, a bituminous coal outlet of the coal gasification furnace 22 is connected with a feed inlet of a flue gas furnace 16, a hot blast stove 23 is further arranged at the coal gas outlet of the coal gasification furnace 22, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove 23 is respectively connected with a cylinder dryer 8 and a vertical pulverizer 9.
The blast furnace gas treatment device 3 comprises a combustion chamber 24 and a heat accumulating type heat exchanger 25, a high-temperature flue gas outlet of a hot blast furnace 23 is connected with an air inlet of an iron-melting furnace 7, the iron-melting furnace 7 is sequentially connected with the combustion chamber 24 and the heat accumulating type heat exchanger 25, a hot air outlet of the heat accumulating type heat exchanger 25 is connected with the iron-melting furnace 7, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet of the heat accumulating type heat exchanger 25 is provided with a smoke extractor 26.
The cupola furnace 7 is provided with a coal powder injection device 27.
The tail gas recovery device 15 comprises a bag-type dust collector 28 and a smoke extractor 26.
The flue gas furnace 16, the air heat exchanger 18, the hot blast stove 23, the combustion chamber 24 and the coal gasification furnace 22 are respectively provided with a blower 30.
In the production process, the temperature and the heat value of the coal gas generated in the processes of melting the metallized pellets and finally reducing the iron oxide by the cupola 7 are high, the coal gas is discharged from a coal gas outlet and then cooled by a water cooling flue, and dust is removed by a bag-type dust remover 28 to obtain the blast furnace coal gas, the blast furnace coal gas is sent into a combustion chamber 24 to be mixed with combustion air blown by an air blower 30 and then combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas enters a heat accumulating type heat exchanger 25 to exchange heat with the air blown by the air blower 30 to obtain high-temperature hot air of 1000-1100 ℃, the high-temperature hot air can be supplied to the cupola 7 for utilization, the low-temperature flue gas discharged from the heat accumulating type heat exchanger 25 enters the bag-type dust remover 28 to remove dust, and the clean.
In order to supply coal gas to the rotary hearth furnace 21 and the hot blast stove 23, bituminous coal is used as a raw material, the coal gasification furnace 22 is used as reduction equipment, low-pressure steam and air blown by the air blower 30 are used as gasification agents, producer gas can be produced at high temperature, after desulfurization, a part of the gas is supplied to the hot blast stove 23, the coal gas and combustion-supporting air blown by the air blower 30 are mixed and combusted in the hot blast stove 23 to produce high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged out of the hot blast stove 23 and then is mixed with low-temperature flue gas sent by the smoke extractor 26 to obtain low-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 200-; the other part of the coal gas is preheated to the temperature of 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ by a heat exchanger and then is supplied to the rotary hearth furnace 21 to be used as fuel.
In the high-temperature waste heat boiler 17, water is vaporized to generate steam, a part of the steam is supplied to the coal gasifier 22 for utilization, and the rest of the steam can be merged into a steam pipe network H or supplied to other users for utilization.
According to the conditions that the dust content in the flue gas is high, and the dust is easy to deposit in the waste heat recovery device 5 to cause the reduction of heat recovery efficiency and the blockage of equipment, in order to timely clean the dust deposited at the bottoms of the high-temperature waste heat boiler 17, the air heat exchanger 18, the coal gas heat exchanger 19 and the water heat exchanger 20 in the production process, the lower parts of all stages of waste heat recovery devices 5 are provided with soot blowers.
In order to ensure that the smoke discharged by the rotary hearth furnace 21 does not contain combustible components, the reducing agent of the iron ore concentrate adopts semi-coke which is subjected to dry distillation at the temperature of more than 600 ℃, the semi-coke is milled and then is added into the iron ore concentrate, and after the pellets produced by the iron ore concentrate are added from a feeding port of the rotary hearth furnace 21, no combustible gas is discharged from the interior of the pellets before the temperature of the pellets is raised to 600 ℃. When the temperature of the pellets rises to 600 ℃, the temperature of the hearth space above the pellets can reach 700-800 ℃. When the temperature of the pellets rises to above 600 ℃, combustible gas is discharged from the interior of the pellets, after the combustible gas overflows from the material layer, the combustible gas reaches the combustion temperature under the action of the furnace temperature above 700 ℃, and the content of residual oxygen in the flue gas is controlled to be 1-2%, so that the overflowed combustible gas can be completely combusted when meeting oxygen, and the content of CO in the discharged flue gas reaches the standard. Because the temperature of the smoke at the kiln inlet end of the rotary hearth furnace 21 is up to 950-.
When the content of carbon residue in the self-fluxing carbon-containing metallized pellets produced by the rotary hearth furnace 21 is low and the carbon content in the added cupola furnace 7 can not meet the heat requirements of the temperature rise of the metallized pellets, the final reduction of iron ore concentrate and the melting separation of iron slag, the coal powder injection device 27 is arranged at the bottom of the cupola furnace 7, and the heat generated after the coal powder is combusted in the cupola furnace 7 is used as a supplementary heat source in the furnace. The pulverized coal blowing device 27 adopts pulverized coal with the granularity of-200 meshes accounting for 80%, and bituminous coal is blown to the bottom of the cupola 7 by air blown by the blower 30.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an adopt sour carbonaceous metallization pellet to produce device of molten iron which characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding device (1), a molten iron production device (2), a blast furnace gas treatment device (3), a reduction device (4) and a waste heat recovery device (5), wherein the molten iron production device (2) comprises a rotary hearth furnace (21), a cooling mechanism (6) and an iron melting furnace (7) which are sequentially connected, the inlet end of the rotary hearth furnace (21) is connected with the discharge end of the feeding device (1), the high-temperature flue gas discharge port of the rotary hearth furnace (21) is connected with the inlet end of the waste heat recovery device (5), the gas outlet of the iron melting furnace (7) is connected with the blast furnace gas treatment device (3), and the exhaust end of the reduction device (4) is connected with the gas inlet end of the feeding device (1).
2. The apparatus for manufacturing molten iron using acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein: feeder (1) includes cylinder drying-machine (8) and vertical milling machine (9), still include proportioning machine (10) that connects according to the preface, blendor (11), balling machine (12), screening machine (13) and chain grate (14), the feed inlet of proportioning machine (10) is connected with cylinder drying-machine (8) and vertical milling machine (9) respectively, the discharge gate of chain grate (14) is connected with the feed inlet of rotary hearth furnace (21), the tail gas discharge port of chain grate (14) sets up tail gas recovery unit (15), still include flue gas furnace (16) of being connected with the hot gas entry of chain grate (14), the air inlet of flue gas furnace (16) is connected with the exhaust end of reducing mechanism (4).
3. An apparatus for manufacturing molten iron using acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the waste heat recovery device (5) comprises a high-temperature waste heat boiler (17), an air heat exchanger (18), a coal gas heat exchanger (19), a water heat exchanger (20) and a tail gas recovery device (15) which are sequentially connected, wherein the high-temperature waste heat boiler (17) is connected with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the rotary hearth furnace (21), a hot air outlet of the air heat exchanger (18) is connected with a hot air inlet of the rotary hearth furnace (21), a high-temperature coal gas outlet of the coal gas heat exchanger (19) is connected with a preheated coal gas inlet of the rotary hearth furnace (21), and a hot water outlet of the water heat exchanger (20) is connected with a hot water inlet of the high-temperature waste heat boiler.
4. An apparatus for manufacturing molten iron using acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the reduction device (4) comprises a coal gasifier (22), a coal gas outlet of the coal gasifier (22) is connected with a coal gas heat exchanger (19), a steam inlet of the coal gasifier (22) is connected with a steam outlet of a high-temperature waste heat boiler (17), a bituminous coal outlet of the coal gasifier (22) is connected with a feed inlet of a flue gas furnace (16), a hot blast stove (23) is further arranged at a coal gas outlet of the coal gasifier (22), and a low-temperature flue gas outlet of the hot blast stove (23) is respectively connected with a cylinder dryer (8) and a vertical pulverizer (9).
5. The apparatus for manufacturing molten iron using acidic carbon-containing metallized pellets as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the blast furnace gas treatment device (3) comprises a combustion chamber (24) and a heat accumulating type heat exchanger (25), a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the hot blast furnace (23) is connected with a gas inlet of the cupola furnace (7), the cupola furnace (7) is sequentially connected with the combustion chamber (24) and the heat accumulating type heat exchanger (25), a hot air outlet of the heat accumulating type heat exchanger (25) is connected with the cupola furnace (7), and a low-temperature flue gas outlet of the heat accumulating type heat exchanger (25) is provided with a smoke extractor (26).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110184405A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-30 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device thereof using acid carbonaceous metallized pellet production molten iron |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110184405A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-30 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device thereof using acid carbonaceous metallized pellet production molten iron |
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