CN210352157U

CN210352157U - Integrated precision fertilization device for solid-liquid fertilizers in orchard

Info

Publication number: CN210352157U
Application number: CN201920972679.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王得伟; 段文博; 奚倩; 王沛麒; 段纲; 李良琪; 张虎; 张亚博; 郑山河; 徐志辉
Original assignee: Tarim University
Current assignee: Tarim University
Priority date: 2019-06-26
Filing date: 2019-06-26
Publication date: 2020-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-26

Abstract

An integral precision fertilizing device for orchard solid-liquid fertilizer belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The solid fertilizing device, the liquid fertilizing device, the hole drilling device and the power device are arranged on the rack, and land wheels are arranged below the rack and are pulled to travel by a tractor; the input end of the power device is connected with a tractor traction shaft, the output end of the power device is respectively connected with the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to drive the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to work, the hole drilling device comprises a soil collecting device and a lifting device, fertilizer discharge pipes of the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device are respectively connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe and a soil collecting cover of the soil collecting device, the soil collecting device is installed at the rear end of the advancing direction of the rack through the lifting device, and hole drilling is carried out through the lifting of a drill bit of the soil collecting device, so that solid-liquid mixed fertilization is realized. The utility model discloses combine together solid fertilizer injection unit and liquid fertilizer injection unit, supply with liquid fertilizer, solid fertilizer or two kinds of fertilizers of solid-liquid according to the required nutrient smart volume of fruit tree.

Description

Integrated precision fertilization device for solid-liquid fertilizers in orchard

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device which can realize quantitative fertilization and solid-liquid integrated mixed fertilization on fruit trees and is an agricultural mechanical device for burying after fertilization.

Background

The fruit tree management is of great importance to ensure good quality and high and stable yield of fruits, the growth of the fruit trees mainly depends on the fertilizer efficiency of soil, and therefore a link which has to be considered in the management is fertilization, the fertilization time, the fertilization amount control, the fertilizer type and the like are all considered. The fertilization time and the fertilizer type have corresponding reference and technical instruction, and are better mastered; the control of the fertilizing amount seems to be simple and strong in operability, and the opposite is true; the moderate fertilizer amount has decisive effects on the growth of fruit trees, the increase of the yield and the improvement of the quality; too much fertilizer can affect the quality of fruits, the quality of branches and buds, the death of fruit trees and the like; on the contrary, the insufficient fertilization can cause the damage of obviously poor fruit quality, reduced yield and the like. Therefore, the fertility index required by fruit trees is balanced in the fertilization process, and the fertilizer elements in the soil are dynamically balanced through artificial control application. Because the fertilizer amount elements required by the fruit trees in each stage in the growth process are different but fluctuate within a certain range, the fertilizer amount required by each fruit tree can be known, and the balance can be achieved and the soil can be improved by applying a fixed amount of fertilizer. In combination with the climate and the pH value of soil in southern Xinjiang, the volume of the fertilizer collection box can be freely adjusted during application according to different fruit trees, different fertilizers and different application periods, so that the purpose of quantitative fertilization can be achieved.

A common fertilizing machine in China currently has a manual fertilizer applicator, and the fertilizing mode mainly takes manual work as main speed. Then, a fertilizer applicator which takes ditching as a main fertilizing mode is arranged, and the working process of the fertilizer applicator mainly comprises the steps of ditching by an agricultural machine, scattering the required fertilizer into the ditch and backfilling the ditch, thereby achieving the fertilizing process. In the development of foreign fertilization technologies, trenchers are also available in the market, and the working modes of the trenchers are mainly applied to irrigation and drainage fertilization. With the continuous improvement of scientific technology, the prior ditching type of a fertilizing machine is changed into a plurality of types such as fixed-point type and spraying type, the fruit tree liquid fertilization mainly comprises irrigation fertilization and spraying fertilization, the small-sized injection type fertilization mainly comprises manpower, and the small-scale fruit tree fertilization in China mainly comprises a fixed-point drilling fertilization device at present.

The existing principle and structure analysis of various fruit tree fertilizer applicators has the following defects:

(1) if the hole drilling fertilizer applicator and the ditching fertilizer applicator are close to the trunk for applying fertilizer in the fertilizer applying process, the underground root systems are more, so that the difficulty of the operation of the fertilizer applying machine is increased, the root systems of the fruit trees are seriously damaged, and the growth of the fruit trees and the fruits is not facilitated; if the fertilizer is far away from the trunk, the pesticide effect of the fertilizer cannot be well absorbed by the fruit trees, so that the good fertilizer application effect cannot be achieved.

(2) The most convenient and quick manual fertilizer applying machine has the advantages of low speed, high labor intensity and less fertilizer applying carrying amount during fertilizer application.

(3) The combinability in the aspects of solid fertilization and liquid fertilization is basically not existed, and the quantitative application is still insufficient at home.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device for the orchard is provided, and combines a solid fertilizer fertilizing device and a liquid fertilizer fertilizing device, and liquid fertilizer, solid fertilizer or solid-liquid fertilizer are applied according to nutrient supply required by fruit trees; the solid fertilizing amount and the liquid fertilizing amount can be accurately controlled, the fertilizing can be performed at the root close to the fruit tree, the precise fertilizing is achieved, the fertilizing efficiency is high, the labor intensity is low, and the fertilizing is flexible.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to an orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device, which comprises a rack, and a solid fertilizing device, a liquid fertilizing device, a punching device and a power device which are arranged on the rack, wherein land wheels are arranged below the rack and are pulled to travel by a tractor; the input end of the power device is connected with a tractor traction shaft, the output end of the power device is respectively connected with the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to drive the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to work, the hole drilling device comprises a soil collecting device and a lifting device, fertilizer discharge pipes of the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device are respectively connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe and a soil collecting cover of the soil collecting device, the soil collecting device is installed at the rear end of the advancing direction of the rack through the lifting device, and hole drilling is carried out through the lifting of a drill bit of the soil collecting device, so that solid-liquid mixed fertilization is realized.

Preferably, the solid fertilizing device comprises a solid fertilizer box arranged on the rack and a fertilizer collecting box connected to a fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer box, and the soil collecting cover of the soil collecting device is connected with a solid fertilizer discharging pipe connected to the fertilizer collecting box; a fertilizer outlet in the solid fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer discharging grooved wheel, a grooved wheel shaft connected with the grooved wheel is connected with a power device, the grooved wheel is driven by the power device to rotate, so that the solid fertilizer is discharged, and a precision adjusting device is connected to the fertilizer collecting box; the amount of the fertilizer input and output of the fertilizer collecting box is adjusted by the precision adjusting device.

Preferably, the precision adjusting device comprises an upper pulling plate, a lower pulling plate, a pulling rod I, a pulling rod II, a fixing plate and a fixing rod, wherein the pulling rod I is connected to the bottom of the rack through the fixing rod, two ends of the pulling rod I are respectively connected with a lifting rod of the lifting device and one end of the pulling rod II, one end of the pulling rod I hinged to the pulling rod II is connected with the lower pulling plate, the lower pulling plate is arranged at a fertilizer discharging opening of the fertilizer collecting box and provided with a through hole with the same diameter as that of the fertilizer discharging pipe, and the fertilizer discharging amount is adjusted by moving the lower pulling plate left and right; pull rod II is connected in album fertile case one side through the fixed plate, and II other ends of pull rod are articulated with last arm-tie, go up the arm-tie and arrange solid fertilizer case play fertilizer mouthful department or collection fertile case income fertilizer mouthful department in, go up to open on the arm-tie have with the same through-hole of collection fertile case income fertile mouthful diameter, the bar hole has all been opened to two links of pull rod I and pull rod II, through the linkage of pull rod I and pull rod II, drives the arm-tie and moves to different directions with the arm-tie down, realizes smart volume fertilization.

Preferably, liquid fertilizer injection unit is including arranging liquid fertilizer case, booster compressor, quantitative inspection device and the liquid fertilizer pipe in the frame in, the booster compressor is installed in the frame to connect power device, the input of booster compressor passes through liquid fertilizer union coupling liquid fertilizer case, and the input of quantitative inspection device is passed through the pressure boost union coupling to the output of booster compressor, and quantitative inspection device's output passes through the fertilizer conveying pipe of fertilizer discharge tube coupling soil collecting device, discharges to the soil of drill bit drilling through fertilizer conveying pipe.

Preferably, the quantitative inspection device comprises a controller, a proximity switch, and a reversing valve, an overflow valve and a flow sensor which are sequentially connected, wherein the proximity switch is arranged on a lifting platform of the lifting mechanism, a signal end of the proximity switch is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with signal ends of the reversing valve and the flow sensor, the opening of the reversing valve is controlled by the controller, an overflow port on the overflow valve is connected with the liquid fertilizer box through an overflow pipeline, a pipeline end of the reversing valve is connected with a pressure increasing pipe, and the flow sensor is connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe of the soil collecting device through the liquid fertilizer pipe and is used for detecting the flow of the liquid fertilizer.

Preferably, elevating gear includes support frame, elevating platform, pneumatic cylinder and lifter, the support frame is connected in the frame, and the elevating platform is connected with the lifter, and the pneumatic cylinder is connected between horizontally support frame and elevating platform, and pull rod I is connected to the lifter bottom, and the pneumatic cylinder drives the elevating platform downstream, drives the rotatory drilling operation of auger, realizes the transport of solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer, and after the defeated fertilizer, the pneumatic cylinder piston rod retracts, drives the elevating platform upward movement, drives the auger and rises, does not arrange fertile operation.

Preferably, the soil collecting device comprises a soil collecting cover, an auger and a motor, the soil collecting cover is installed on the lifting platform, the installation end of the auger is connected to the lifting platform, a fertilizer conveying pipe is arranged in the middle of a spiral auger of the auger and connected with a fertilizer discharging pipeline of liquid fertilizer, the soil collecting cover is sleeved at the drill bit end of the auger and connected to the lifting platform through a soil collecting pull rod, a drill bit of the auger extends out of the soil collecting cover, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe in the middle of the spiral auger through a transmission mechanism to drive the auger to rotate.

Preferably, the soil collecting cover is a cylindrical structure formed by connecting hollow cylinders with different diameters, and the inner diameter of the cylinder with the smaller diameter is tangent to the outer diameter of the spiral drill and is positioned at the grounding end.

Preferably, the power device comprises a reduction gearbox, a power shaft of the tractor is connected with an input shaft of the reduction gearbox, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox is provided with a belt wheel I and a sheave shaft connected with the solid fertilizer application device, the sheave shaft is connected with a sheave arranged at a fertilizer discharge port of the solid fertilizer box, and the sheave is driven to rotate to control the discharge amount of the solid fertilizer; install band pulley II on liquid fertilizer injection unit's the booster compressor input shaft, band pulley I and band pulley II pass through the drive belt and connect, make power convey solid fertilizer injection unit and liquid fertilizer injection unit respectively.

Preferably, the machine frame comprises a bearing machine frame, a middle machine frame and a main machine frame, wherein a tire is connected to the lower side of the bearing machine frame and is a fixed machine frame, the middle machine frame is connected with the bearing machine frame through a longitudinal sliding rail, the middle machine frame moves back and forth along the bearing machine frame, the main machine frame is connected with the middle machine frame through a transverse sliding rail, the main machine frame moves left and right relative to the middle machine frame, and the transverse sliding rail and the longitudinal sliding rail are respectively connected with a hydraulic cylinder and controlled to move through the.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention combines the solid fertilizer fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizer fertilizing device, realizes the fertilization of the solid and liquid fertilizer, can accurately control the fertilizing amount, can fertilize the root part close to the fruit tree, and has flexible fertilization and small working strength.

2. The solid fertilizer fertilizing device provided by the invention adopts the precise adjusting device, and realizes precise control of fertilizer discharging amount through linkage with the lifting device. The liquid fertilizer fertilizing device controls the amount of the liquid fertilizer flowing out through the quantitative inspection device, and the aim of accurate control is fulfilled.

3. According to actual needs, the soil collection cover of the soil collection device is matched with the auger drill to collect soil and then finish soil backfilling, and the applied fertilizer and the soil are mixed and then buried under the soil, so that volatilization waste caused by the application of the fertilizer on the ground surface is avoided; and secondly, the fertilizer is fully mixed with the soil, so that the fertilizer is dissolved and is more easily absorbed by the root system of the fruit tree.

4. The invention can separate the fertilizing device from the vehicle according to the distribution situation of different trees, thereby meeting the requirement of fertilizing within a specified distance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid fertilizer precision fertilizer discharging device.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the liquid quantitative fertilization principle of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the rack structure of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a left side view of fig. 5.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a rack, 101, a bearing rack, 102, a middle rack, 103, a main rack, 104, a transverse slide rail and 105, a longitudinal slide rail; 2. a belt wheel I; 3. a booster pump, 31, a booster pipe, 32, a belt wheel II; 4. a liquid fertilizer can; 5. a liquid fertilizer tube; 6. a quantitative test device; 7. a fixing plate 8, a fixing rod 9, a fertilizer conveying pipe; 10. a hydraulic cylinder; 11. a lifting platform; 12. a soil collecting pull rod; 13. a lifting rod; 14. a screw drill; 15. a soil collecting device, 151. a soil collecting cover; 16. a solid fertilizer tube; 17. a pull rod I; 18. pulling down the plate; 19. a fertilizer collection box; 20. a traveling wheel; 21. a drill bit connector; 22. a transmission belt; 23. a motor; 24. a grooved wheel; 25. a solid fertilizer can; 26. a sheave shaft; 27. a reduction gearbox; 28. an upper pulling plate, 29, a pulling rod II, 30 and a supporting frame.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device comprises a rack 1, and a solid fertilizing device, a liquid fertilizing device, a drilling device and a power device which are arranged on the rack 1, wherein land wheels are arranged below the rack 1 and are pulled to travel by a tractor; the input end of the power device is connected with a tractor traction shaft, the output end of the power device is respectively connected with the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to drive the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to work, the hole drilling device comprises a soil collecting device and a lifting device, fertilizer discharge pipes of the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device are respectively connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe 9 and a soil collecting cover 151 of the soil collecting device, the soil collecting device is installed at the rear end of the advancing direction of the frame 1 through the lifting device, and hole drilling is carried out through the lifting of a drill bit of the soil collecting device, so that solid-liquid mixed fertilization is realized.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the solid fertilizer device comprises a solid fertilizer box 25 arranged on the frame 1 and a fertilizer collecting box 19 connected to the fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer box 25, and a soil collecting cover 151 of the soil collecting device 15 is connected through a solid fertilizer discharging pipe 16 connected to the fertilizer collecting box 19; a fertilizer outlet in the solid fertilizer box 25 is provided with a fertilizer discharging grooved wheel 24, a grooved wheel shaft 26 connected with the grooved wheel 24 is connected with a power device, the grooved wheel 24 is driven to rotate by the power device to discharge the solid fertilizer, and a precision adjusting device is connected to the fertilizer collecting box 15; the amount of fertilizer input and output of the fertilizer collection box 19 is adjusted by a precision adjusting device.

As shown in fig. 3, the precision adjusting device comprises an upper pulling plate 28, a lower pulling plate 18, a pulling rod i 17, a pulling rod ii 29, a fixing plate 7 and a fixing rod 8, wherein the pulling rod i 17 is connected to the bottom of the rack 1 through the fixing rod 8, a hinge point is D, two ends of the pulling rod i 17 are respectively connected with a lifting rod 13 of the lifting device and one end of the pulling rod ii 29, the hinge points are C and E, and one end (hinge point C) hinged with the pulling rod ii 29 is connected with the lower pulling plate 18, the lower pulling plate 18 is arranged at a fertilizer discharging port of the fertilizer collecting box 19, is provided with a through hole with the same diameter as that of a fertilizer discharging pipe, and is moved left and right through the lower pulling plate 18 to adjust; pull rod II 29 passes through fixed plate 7 to be connected in album fertile case 19 one side, articulated position B, the pull rod II 29 other end is articulated with last arm-tie 28, the pin joint is A, go up arm-tie 28 and arrange solid fertile case 25 play fertilizer mouth department or the income fertilizer mouth department of album fertile case 19 in, it has the through-hole the same with collection fertile case 19 income fertilizer mouth diameter to open on the arm-tie 28, the bar hole has all been opened to two links of pull rod I17 and pull rod II 29, linkage through pull rod I17 and pull rod II 29, drive and go up arm-tie 28 and the direction motion of lower link 18 to the difference, realize smart volume fertilization.

During operation, the lifting rod 13 can descend along with the lifting platform 11, the fixed rod 8 is not moved, so under the downward pressure of the lifting rod 13, the pull rod I17 can rotate clockwise (the rotation angle is not large) by taking a point D as a center, at the moment, the hinge point C of the pull rod I17 drives the lower pull plate 18 to move towards the fixed rod 8, so that the through hole in the lower pull plate 18 is just coincided with the inner diameter of the fertilizer discharging pipe, at the moment, fertilizer in the fertilizer collecting box 19 can be discharged downwards and is discharged into the hole drilled by the auger 14 through the solid fertilizer discharging pipe 16 to the soil collecting cover 151; when the lower pull plate 18 moves towards the fixed rod 8, the lower end of the pull rod II 29 is driven to move towards the fixed rod 8, the point B is fixed, the pull rod II 29 rotates anticlockwise (the rotating angle is not large) by taking the hinge point B as a center, the hinge point A end of the upper pull plate 28 is driven to move towards the direction of the fertilizer collection box 19, the upper pull plate 28 is located at the position where the through hole of the upper pull plate corresponds to the fertilizer discharge opening of the fertilizer box 25, the pull rod II 29 drives the upper pull plate to move towards the direction of the fertilizer collection box 19 to separate the fertilizer collection box 19 from the fertilizer discharge opening of the fertilizer box 25, fertilizer in the fertilizer box 25 stops being discharged into the fertilizer collection box 19, the volume of the fertilizer collection box 19 can be adjusted in advance, the actual requirement is met, and the effect of quantitative fertilization of solid fertilizer is achieved through the linkage of the mechanisms.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the liquid fertilizer applying device comprises a liquid fertilizer box 4, a supercharger 3, a quantitative inspection device 6 and a liquid fertilizer pipe 5 which are arranged on a frame 1, the supercharger 3 is installed on the frame 1 and connected to a power device, the input end of the supercharger 3 is connected with the liquid fertilizer box 4 through the liquid fertilizer pipe 5, the output end of the supercharger 3 is connected with the input end of the quantitative inspection device 6 through a supercharging pipe 31, the output end of the quantitative inspection device 6 is connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe 151 of a soil collecting device 15 through a fertilizer discharging pipeline, and the fertilizer is discharged into soil drilled by a drill bit through the fertilizer conveying pipe 151.

The quantitative inspection device 6 comprises a controller, a proximity switch, a reversing valve, an overflow valve and a flow sensor, wherein the reversing valve, the overflow valve and the flow sensor are sequentially connected, the proximity switch is arranged on a lifting table of the lifting mechanism, a signal end of the proximity switch is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with signal ends of the reversing valve and the flow sensor, signals transmitted by the proximity switch are transmitted to the controller, the reversing valve is controlled to be opened by the controller, and further discharge of liquid fertilizer is controlled, an overflow port on the overflow valve is connected with the liquid fertilizer box 4 through an overflow pipeline, a pipeline end of the reversing valve is connected with the booster pipe 31, and the flow sensor is connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe 151 of the soil collecting device through a liquid fertilizer pipe 5 and used for detecting flow of.

When the automatic fertilizer applying machine works, when the auger 14 drills to a certain depth, the proximity switch senses, a signal is sent to the controller, the controller sends a signal, the reversing valve is opened, and the controller controls the fertilizer input amount to start fertilizer application; the fertilization is stopped when the liquid fertilizer flowing through the flow sensor reaches a set value, the flow sensor feeds a signal back to the controller, and then the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to change the direction, so that the extracted fertilizer returns to the liquid fertilizer box 4.

The overflow valve is used for overload protection, plays an unloading role when the tail end of the liquid fertilizer pipe is blocked, and fertilizer flows through the overflow valve when the overflow valve is not blocked.

The lifting device comprises a support frame 30, a lifting platform 11, a hydraulic cylinder 10 and a lifting rod 13, wherein the support frame 30 is connected to the frame 1, the lifting platform 11 is connected with the lifting rod 13, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected between the horizontal support frame 30 and the lifting platform 11, the bottom end of the lifting rod 13 is connected with a pull rod I17, the hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the lifting platform 11 to move downwards to drive the auger 14 to rotate and drill, so that solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer are conveyed, after fertilizer is conveyed, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 10 retracts to drive the lifting platform 11 to move upwards to drive the auger 14 to ascend, and fertilizer discharging operation is not performed.

The soil collecting device 15 comprises a soil collecting cover 151, an auger 14 and a motor 23 which are arranged on a lifting platform 11, the mounting end of the auger 14 is connected to the lifting platform 11, a fertilizer conveying pipe 9 is arranged in the middle of a spiral auger of the auger 14 and is connected with a fertilizer discharging pipeline of liquid fertilizer, the soil collecting cover 151 is sleeved at the drill bit end of the auger 14 and is connected to the lifting platform 11 through a soil collecting pull rod 12, a drill bit of the auger 14 extends out of the soil collecting cover 151, and an output shaft of the motor 23 is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe 9 in the middle of the spiral auger through a transmission mechanism to drive the auger 14 to rotate.

The soil collecting cover 151 is connected by hollow cylinders with different diameters to form a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the cylinder with the smaller diameter is tangent to the outer diameter of the spiral drill 14 and is positioned at the grounding end. The working process is as follows: when the top of the perforating auger 14 is just drilled into the ground, the broken soil turns up toward the ground due to the rotation thereof, and the bottom of the soil collection cover 151 contacts the ground, and when the soil in the ground rises to the ground, the inner wall of the cylinder at the bottom of the soil collection cover 151 restrains the soil from spreading outward and lifts the soil up to the inside of the cylinder with a larger diameter of the soil collection cover 151 by the rotational lifting force of the auger 14. When the fertilization is finished and the auger is lifted to the cylinder with larger diameter, the soil falls under the action of the gravity of the soil, and the soil in the cylinder with larger diameter is backfilled to a soil pit drilled by the auger 14.

The transmission mechanism is belt transmission, namely belt wheels are arranged on the output shaft of the motor 23 and the end part of the fertilizer conveying pipe 9 and are connected through a transmission belt 22. The motor in the present invention may be a hydraulic motor or a flow motor.

The power device comprises a reduction gearbox 27, the power shaft of the tractor is connected with the input shaft of the reduction gearbox 27, the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 27 is provided with a belt pulley I2 and a sheave shaft 26 connected with the solid fertilizer device, the sheave shaft 26 is connected with a sheave 24 arranged at the fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer box 25 and drives the sheave 24 to rotate so as to control the discharge amount of the solid fertilizer; install II 32 of band pulley on liquid fertilizer injection unit's the booster compressor 3 input shaft, I2 of band pulley and II 32 of band pulley pass through the drive belt and connect, make power convey solid fertilizer injection unit and liquid fertilizer injection unit respectively.

The working principle of the fertilizer applying machine is that a tractor mainly provides a power source to drive a reduction gearbox 27 to work, the power is respectively transmitted to a sheave shaft 26 of a solid fertilizer applying device and a supercharger 3 of a liquid fertilizer applying device through the reduction gearbox 27, a sheave is driven to rotate through the sheave shaft 26 to discharge fertilizer in a solid fertilizer box 25 into a fertilizer collecting box 19, the volume of the fertilizer collecting box 19 can be manually and freely adjusted according to the amount of the required fertilizer, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer collecting box 19 is linked by a solid fertilizer precision adjusting device and is sent into a hole punched by a spiral drill 14 through a solid fertilizer discharging pipe 16 to finish solid fertilizer application; the booster 3 (liquid fertilizer pump) works, the liquid fertilizer sucked out through the liquid fertilizer pipe 5 is pressurized by the booster 3, enters the quantitative inspection device 6, is subjected to flow quantification by the quantitative inspection device 6 and is sent into the fertilizer conveying pipe 9 in the middle of the spiral drill 14, and the drilling spiral drill 14 is driven by the motor 23 to drill holes in a rotating mode, so that the liquid fertilizer is sent into the drilling holes through the fertilizer conveying pipe 9, and liquid precision fertilization is completed.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the frame 1 includes a bearing frame 101, an intermediate frame 102 and a main frame 103, a tire is connected to the lower side of the bearing frame 101, the intermediate frame 102 is connected to the bearing frame 101 through a longitudinal slide rail 104, the intermediate frame 102 is made to move back and forth along the bearing frame 101 with a stroke of 50cm, the main frame 103 is connected to the intermediate frame 102 through a transverse slide rail 105, the main frame 103 moves back and forth relative to the intermediate frame 102 with a stroke of 50cm, the transverse slide rail 105 and the longitudinal slide rail 104 are respectively connected to a hydraulic cylinder, the movement is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder, and the main frame 103 is used for connecting to a support frame 30 of a lifting. When the fertilizer applicator works, the fertilizer applicator can be automatically adjusted according to the required distance so as to achieve the function of fixed-point fertilizer application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an integrative smart volume fertilizer injection unit of solid-liquid fertilizer in orchard which characterized in that: the solid fertilizing device, the liquid fertilizing device, the hole drilling device and the power device are arranged on the rack, and land wheels are arranged below the rack and are pulled to travel by a tractor; the input end of the power device is connected with a tractor traction shaft, the output end of the power device is respectively connected with the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to drive the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device to work, the hole drilling device comprises a soil collecting device and a lifting device, fertilizer discharge pipes of the solid fertilizing device and the liquid fertilizing device are respectively connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe and a soil collecting cover of the soil collecting device, the soil collecting device is installed at the rear end of the advancing direction of the rack through the lifting device, and hole drilling is carried out through the lifting of a drill bit of the soil collecting device, so that solid-liquid mixed fertilization is realized.

2. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the solid fertilizing device comprises a solid fertilizer box arranged on the rack and a fertilizer collecting box connected to a fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer box, and the soil collecting cover of the soil collecting device is connected with a solid fertilizer discharging pipe connected to the fertilizer collecting box; a fertilizer outlet in the solid fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer discharging grooved wheel, a grooved wheel shaft connected with the grooved wheel is connected with a power device, the grooved wheel is driven by the power device to rotate, so that the solid fertilizer is discharged, and a precision adjusting device is connected to the fertilizer collecting box; the amount of the fertilizer input and output of the fertilizer collecting box is adjusted by the precision adjusting device.

3. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 2, characterized in that: the precision adjusting device comprises an upper pulling plate, a lower pulling plate, a pulling rod I, a pulling rod II, a fixing plate and a fixing rod, wherein the pulling rod I is connected to the bottom of the rack through the fixing rod, two ends of the pulling rod I are respectively connected with a lifting rod of the lifting device and one end of the pulling rod II, one end of the pulling rod I hinged to the pulling rod II is connected with the lower pulling plate, the lower pulling plate is arranged at a fertilizer discharging port of the fertilizer collecting box and is provided with a through hole with the same diameter as that of a fertilizer discharging pipe, and the fertilizer discharging amount is adjusted by moving the lower pulling plate left and; pull rod II is connected in album fertile case one side through the fixed plate, and II other ends of pull rod are articulated with last arm-tie, go up the arm-tie and arrange solid fertilizer case play fertilizer mouthful department or collection fertile case income fertilizer mouthful department in, go up to open on the arm-tie have with the same through-hole of collection fertile case income fertile mouthful diameter, the bar hole has all been opened to two links of pull rod I and pull rod II, through the linkage of pull rod I and pull rod II, drives the arm-tie and moves to different directions with the arm-tie down, realizes smart volume fertilization.

4. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: liquid fertilizer injection unit is including arranging liquid fertilizer case, booster compressor, quantitative verifying attachment and the liquid fertilizer pipe in the frame in, the booster compressor is installed in the frame to connect power device, the input of booster compressor passes through liquid fertilizer union coupling liquid fertilizer case, and the input of quantitative verifying attachment is passed through to the output of booster compressor, and quantitative verifying attachment's output is through the fertilizer pipe of fertilizer pipe connection collection device, through fertilizer pipe discharge to the drill bit drilling in the soil.

5. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 4, characterized in that: the quantitative inspection device comprises a controller, a proximity switch, a reversing valve, an overflow valve and a flow sensor, wherein the reversing valve, the overflow valve and the flow sensor are sequentially connected, the proximity switch is arranged on a lifting table of the lifting mechanism, a signal end of the proximity switch is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with signal ends of the reversing valve and the flow sensor, the reversing valve is controlled to be opened through the controller, an overflow port in the overflow valve is connected with a liquid fertilizer box through an overflow pipeline, a pipeline end of the reversing valve is connected with a pressure increasing pipe, and the flow sensor is connected with a fertilizer conveying pipe of the soil collecting device through the liquid fertilizer pipe and used for detecting the flow of the.

6. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a support frame, a lifting platform, a hydraulic cylinder and a lifting rod, wherein the support frame is connected to the frame, the lifting platform is connected with the lifting rod, the hydraulic cylinder is connected between the horizontal support frame and the lifting platform, a pull rod I is connected to the bottom end of the lifting rod, the hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting platform to move downwards to drive the auger drill to rotate and drill, solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer are conveyed, after fertilizer is conveyed, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts to drive the lifting platform to move upwards to drive the auger drill to ascend, and fertilizer discharging operation is not performed.

7. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the soil collecting device comprises a soil collecting cover, an auger and a motor, wherein the soil collecting cover, the auger and the motor are installed on a lifting platform, the installation end of the auger is connected to the lifting platform, a fertilizer conveying pipe is arranged in the middle of the auger and connected with a fertilizer discharging pipeline of liquid fertilizer, the soil collecting cover is sleeved at the drill bit end of the auger and connected to the lifting platform through a soil collecting pull rod, a drill bit of the auger extends out of the soil collecting cover, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe in the middle of the auger through a transmission mechanism to drive the auger to rotate.

8. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 7, characterized in that: the soil collecting cover is connected by hollow cylinders with different diameters to form a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the cylinder with the smaller diameter is tangent to the outer diameter of the spiral drill and is positioned at the grounding end.

9. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the power device comprises a reduction gearbox, a power shaft of the tractor is connected with an input shaft of the reduction gearbox, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox is provided with a belt wheel I and a sheave shaft connected with the solid fertilizer device, the sheave shaft is connected with a sheave arranged at a fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer box, and the sheave shaft drives the sheave to rotate to control the discharge amount of the solid fertilizer; install band pulley II on liquid fertilizer injection unit's the booster compressor input shaft, band pulley I and band pulley II pass through the drive belt and connect, make power convey solid fertilizer injection unit and liquid fertilizer injection unit respectively.

10. The orchard solid-liquid fertilizer integrated precision fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the machine frame comprises a bearing machine frame, an intermediate machine frame and a main machine frame, wherein a tire is connected to the lower side of the bearing machine frame and is a fixed machine frame, the intermediate machine frame is connected with the bearing machine frame through a longitudinal sliding rail, the intermediate machine frame moves back and forth along the bearing machine frame, the main machine frame is connected with the intermediate machine frame through a transverse sliding rail, the main machine frame moves left and right relative to the intermediate machine frame, and the transverse sliding rail and the longitudinal sliding rail are respectively connected with a hydraulic cylinder and controlled to move through.