CN210342414U

CN210342414U - Brick, wall and building

Info

Publication number: CN210342414U
Application number: CN201921129434.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王征
Original assignee: Jindianshi Beijing Architectural Design Consulting Service Co ltd
Current assignee: Jindianshi Beijing Architectural Design Consulting Service Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-17
Filing date: 2019-07-17
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-17

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a brick body, a wall body and a building body, the brick body comprises a rectangular block body, a first tenon is arranged on a first side surface, a first tenon is arranged on a second side surface corresponding to the first tenon, a second tenon is arranged on a third side surface, a second tenon is arranged on a fourth side surface corresponding to the second tenon, the first tenon and the first tenon are in a dovetail shape, two adjacent brick bodies on the left and right sides are fixed with the first tenon through the conjunction of the first tenon and the second tenon through the second tenon, two adjacent brick bodies on the upper and lower sides are fixed with the second tenon through the conjunction of the second tenon, the building process of the wall body is like splicing and inserting a happy high building block, the use of mortar is avoided, the site wet operation and the construction garbage are reduced, the construction is convenient, the flexibility and the construction efficiency of the building are improved, the full-size system of the standardized brick body can adapt to various size requirements of various buildings, the industrial production greatly reduces the cost while improving the quality of the brick products.

Description

Brick, wall and building

Technical Field

The utility model discloses embodiment relates to the building field, in particular to brick body, wall body and building body.

Background

According to Chinese building energy consumption research report (2017) issued by the Chinese building energy conservation Association, it is shown that steel products of 1/3 nationwide, 60-70% of cement, 1/3 urban construction land, 1/3 urban water and 40-50% of energy are consumed in the whole life cycle of the house building, and the influence on energy, resources and environment is huge. The traditional building industry is a highly-polluted, highly-energy-consuming and environment-unfriendly industry, has low industrialization degree, large water consumption, energy consumption, artificial garbage and sewage discharge amount, does not accord with the national sustainable development policy of energy conservation and environmental protection, and needs a large amount of labor force.

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the requirements of people on building speed, building cost, construction quality, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like in the building industry such as houses and the like are also continuously improved, and in order to save resources and energy, reduce construction pollution, improve labor production efficiency and quality safety level, develop green buildings and advanced construction modes, the nation advocates a modern assembly type building system from 2016. The development of the assembly type building is a great change of the construction mode, is an important measure for promoting the structural reform of the supply side and the novel urbanization development, is favorable for saving resource and energy, reducing construction pollution, improving labor production efficiency and quality safety level, and is favorable for promoting the deep integration of the building industry and the information industrialization, cultivating new kinetic energy of new industry and promoting the excess capacity of chemical solution. The assembly type structure is adopted, standardized design, factory production, even product production, assembly construction, integrated decoration, informatization management and intelligent application can be realized, the construction efficiency is effectively improved, the cost is reduced, energy and resources are saved, construction waste and adverse effects on the environment are reduced, the technical level and the engineering quality are improved, and the transformation and the upgrade of the construction industry are promoted.

Building industrialization is the development direction of future building industry, and assembly type buildings are the hot spot of research and development practice of institutions of various departments and colleges of medicine and building enterprises in recent years, various prefabricated component forms and types are abundant, and novel, high-quality and different-performance prefabricated component products are developed rapidly and widely applied, but because the foundation of China in the assembly type building field is weak and late, a lot of defects exist in the field, for example, 1, factory production of prefabricated components is not production, so that the component production is actually changed into customized production rather than batch production, the component production cost is increased, and the flexibility is reduced. The customized production also makes the molds for producing the components expensive. Because the method belongs to customized production, the component processing production of a factory needs to be carried out along with project schedule rather than production capacity of the factory, wave crest and wave trough changes of the production capacity are easily generated, the production efficiency of the factory is actually reduced, and the production cost is actually increased; 2. the large size of the prefabricated components generally increases the cost and difficulty of the components in terms of production, storage, transportation, installation, etc.; 3. the prefabricated beam column has higher requirements on precision in production, higher requirements on construction enterprises in installation, difficulty in effective quality acceptance and the like; 4. the assembly type building has higher requirements on construction management and personnel quality, increases the cost and simultaneously causes the defects of qualified personnel.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An embodiment of the utility model provides a brick body, wall body and building body, a assemble in a flexible way, the efficiency of construction is high, the lower brick body of cost is provided, make the building process of building of wall body like piecing together and inserting happy high building blocks, and avoided the use of mortar, on-the-spot wet work and construction rubbish have been reduced, convenient construction, thereby the flexibility and the efficiency of construction of brickwork building have been improved, the full size system that standardized brick body formed can adapt to the demand of various sizes of various buildings, batch production productization production is when having improved brick body product quality, greatly reduced the cost, thereby it is convenient to provide a construction, low cost assembled building.

In order to solve the technical problem of the background art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a brick, which includes a rectangular block, wherein the block has a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, a third side, and a fourth side opposite to the third side, the first side and the second side are parallel, the third side is parallel to the fourth side, a first tongue-and-groove is disposed on the first side, a first tenon is disposed on the second side corresponding to the first tongue-and-groove, and the first tongue-and-groove and the first tenon respectively penetrate the first side and the second side from top to bottom; and a second mortise is arranged on the third side surface, a second tenon is arranged on the fourth side surface corresponding to the second mortise, and the cross sections of the first mortise and the first tenon are isosceles trapezoids for limiting the separation of the brick bodies connected with each other so that the brick bodies are firmly connected together.

The utility model discloses an embodiment still provides a wall body, and this wall body is constructed by the brick body coupling of a plurality of as above and forms, wherein, connects including following one kind at least and connects:

the first mortises on the brick bodies are connected with the first tenons of the brick bodies adjacent in the horizontal direction;

the first tenon on the brick body is connected with the first tenon groove of the brick body adjacent in the horizontal direction;

the second mortises on the brick bodies are connected with the second tenons of the brick bodies adjacent in the vertical direction;

and a second tenon on the brick body is connected with a second mortise of the brick body adjacent to the brick body in the vertical direction.

The utility model discloses an embodiment still provides a building body, and this building body includes as above the wall body.

The utility model discloses embodiment is for prior art, through first tongue-and-groove and the first tenon that sets up mutual agreeing with on the rectangular block, second tongue-and-groove and second tenon, make about two adjacent bricks can fix through agreeing with of first tongue-and-groove and first tenon, two adjacent bricks can fix through agreeing with of second tongue-and-groove and second tenon, make the building process of building of wall body like piecing together and inserting building blocks, avoid the use of mortar, on-the-spot wet work and construction rubbish have been reduced, construction is convenient, thereby the flexibility and the efficiency of construction of brickwork building have been improved, standardized brick system can adapt to various building size demands, factorization productization production is when having improved brick product quality, greatly reduced the cost.

Preferably, the first mortise and the first tenon are arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface along the height direction of the block body, and the second mortise and the second tenon are arranged on the third side surface and the fourth side surface along the width direction of the block body in a penetrating manner, wherein the cross sections of the first mortise and the first tenon are isosceles trapezoids, and the upper bottom, the lower bottom and the height of each isosceles trapezoid are equal to the upper bottom, the lower bottom and the height of the other isosceles trapezoid; the cross sections of the second tenon and the second mortise are square, and the length and the width of one square are equal to those of the other square.

Preferably, a first vertical slot is formed in the outer side of the side wall of the first mortise, the first vertical slot is arranged on the side wall of the first mortise in a penetrating manner along the height direction of the block body, a second vertical slot is arranged on the second side face along the height direction of the block body, the second vertical slot is arranged on the outer side of the first tenon in a penetrating manner, and the depth of the first vertical slot is the same as that of the second vertical slot.

Preferably, the first vertical slot comprises 2, the 2 first vertical slots are respectively arranged at the top ends of the two opposite side walls of the first tenon, the second vertical slot comprises 2, and the 2 second vertical slots are respectively arranged at the two opposite outer sides of the first tenon.

Preferably, the top end of the side wall of the first tongue-and-groove protrudes out of the top end of the side wall of the first vertical slot, the top end of the side wall of the second vertical slot protrudes out of the second side face, and the end face of the first tongue-and-groove protrudes out of the top end of the side wall of the second vertical slot.

Preferably, first tongue-and-groove sets up 2 respectively with first tenon, and 2 first tongue-and-groove intervals are located on the first side, and 2 first tenon intervals are located on the second side.

Preferably, the second mortises and the second tenons are respectively provided with 3, the 3 second mortises are arranged on the third side face at intervals, and the 3 second tenons are arranged on the fourth side face at intervals.

Preferably, a cavity is formed in the block body, and the block body further comprises a reinforcing plate installed in the cavity and located between the third side face and the fourth side face.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the standardized and productized brick body system can meet the requirements of various building sizes, so that the brick body production becomes batch and productized modern industrial production, the quality of the brick body is greatly improved, meanwhile, the production cost of the brick body is greatly reduced, the flexibility is improved, and compared with the existing prefabricated part which needs customized production, the capacity needs to be adjusted along with the construction requirements, and the factory production always shows the wave crest and trough type change, a factory can run at full load according to the capacity, and the production efficiency of the factory is improved;

2. compared with the existing assembled components with large size, heavy weight, different shapes and the like, the brick with small size, light weight and uniform size reduces the cost and difficulty of the brick in the aspects of production, storage, transportation and the like;

3. the splicing and inserting type construction mode enables the masonry wall to be as fast and accurate as building blocks, reduces construction difficulty, greatly improves production efficiency, reduces or even avoids on-site wet operation, and reduces construction waste and pollution.

Drawings

One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view 1 of a brick body in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a brick body according to an embodiment of the present invention 2;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a brick body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a bottom view of a brick body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a wall structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "bottom," "front," "upper," "oblique," "lower," "top," "inner," "horizontal," "outer," and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms include other orientations than those depicted in the figures.

The embodiment of the utility model relates to a brick body, as shown in fig. 1-4, the brick body comprises a rectangular block body, the block body 1 is provided with a first side surface 1-1, a second side surface 1-2 opposite to the first side surface 1-1, a third side surface 1-3 and a fourth side surface 1-4 opposite to the third side surface 1-3, the first side surface 1-1 is parallel to the second side surface 1-2, the third side surface 1-3 is parallel to the fourth side surface 1-4, a first mortise 1-1-1 is arranged on the first side surface 1-1, a first tenon 1-2-1 is arranged on the second side surface 1-2 corresponding to the first mortise 1-1-1, and the first mortise 1-1 and the first tenon 1-2-1 respectively run through the first side surface 1-1, A second side 1-2; a second mortise 1-3-1 is arranged on the third side face 1-3, a second tenon 1-4-1 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the second mortise 1-3-1, of the fourth side face 1-4, and the cross sections of the first mortise 1-1-1 and the first tenon 1-2-1 are isosceles trapezoids.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the block 1 is a rectangular block, the first side 1-1 and the second side 1-2 are the planes of the height edges of the rectangular block, the third side 1-3 and the fourth side 1-4 are the planes of the width edges of the rectangular block, the first tongue-and-groove 1-1 and the first tongue 1-2-1 are disposed along the height direction of the block 1, the second tongue-and-groove 1-3-1 and the second tongue 1-4-1 are disposed on the third side 1-3 and the fourth side 1-4 along the thickness direction of the block 1, specifically, the first tongue-and-groove 1-1 and the first tongue 1-2-1, the second tongue-and-groove 1-3-1 and the second tongue 1-4-1 can be respectively from the height of the block 1, The splicing of the blocks 1 is realized in two width directions, so that the use area of the plurality of blocks 1 is increased after the blocks are spliced in any direction from top to bottom and from left to right.

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper bottom, the lower bottom and the height of one of the isosceles trapezoids are equal to the upper bottom, the lower bottom and the height of the other isosceles trapezoid; the cross sections of the second tenon 1-4-1 and the second mortise 1-3-1 are square, the height and the width of one square are equal to the height and the width of the other square, specifically, the first tenon 1-2-1 is matched with the first mortise 1-1-1 in shape and size, and the second tenon 1-4-1 is matched with the second mortise 1-3-1 in shape and size, so that the first tenon 1-1-1 on one block 1 and the first tenon 1-2-1 on the other block can be seamlessly matched, correspondingly, the second mortise 1-3-1 on one block 1 and the second tenon 1-4-1 on the other block can be seamlessly matched, and the problem that a gap is formed after two adjacent blocks 1 are spliced to cause water leakage is avoided, And (4) air leakage.

It is worth noting that, referring to fig. 3-4, a first vertical slot 1-1-2 is formed on the outer side of the side wall of the first mortise 1-1-1, the first vertical slot 1-1-2 is arranged on the side wall of the first mortise 1-1-1 in a penetrating manner along the height direction of the block 1, a second vertical slot 1-2-2 is arranged on the second side face 1-2 in the height direction of the block 1, the second vertical slot 1-2-2 is arranged on the outer side of the first tenon 1-2-1 in a penetrating manner, the depth of the first vertical slot 1-1-2 is the same as that of the second vertical slot 1-2-2, and the size of the first vertical slot 1-1-2 is the same as that of the second vertical slot 1-2-2.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the first vertical slit groove 1-1-2 includes 2, the 2 first vertical slit grooves 1-1-2 are respectively formed at the top ends of the opposite sidewalls of the first tongue-and-groove 1-1-1, the second vertical slit groove 1-2-2 includes 2, the 2 second vertical slit grooves 1-2-2 are respectively formed at the opposite outer sides of the first tongue-and-groove 1-2-1, and particularly, after the two blocks 1 are spliced through the first mortise 1-1-1 and the first tenon 1-2-1, the 2 first vertical seam grooves 1-1-2 are opposite to the 2 second vertical seam grooves 1-2-2 in position, and two vertical seam grooves form T-shaped mounting grooves which can be used for mounting decorative panels or heat-insulating plates of external walls or internal walls.

Further, referring to fig. 3-4, the top end of the side wall of the first mortise 1-1-1 protrudes out of the top end of the side wall of the first vertical slot 1-1-2, the top end of the side wall of the second vertical slot 1-2-2 protrudes out of the second side surface 1-2, and the end surface of the first tenon 1-2-1 protrudes out of the top end of the side wall of the second vertical slot 1-2-2.

It should be noted that, after the two block bodies 1 are spliced through the first mortises 1-1-1 and the first tenons 1-2-1, the 2 first vertical seam grooves 1-1-2 are opposite to the 2 second vertical seam grooves 1-2-2, and two blocks form a T-shaped mounting groove with a gap in the middle, so that the decoration panel or the insulation board with the same vertical seam groove of the outer wall or the inner wall can be fixed in the mounting groove through the I-shaped connecting piece, that is, one end of the I-shaped connecting piece passes through the notch of the T-shaped mounting groove and is fixed in the mounting groove, and the other end is used for mounting the decoration panel or the insulation board, thereby realizing the integrated assembly of the brick bodies and the decoration panel or the insulation board.

In another embodiment of the present invention, 2 first mortises 1-1-1 and 2 first tenons 1-2-1 are respectively disposed, 2 first mortises 1-1-1 are spaced apart from each other on the first side surface 1-1, and 2 first tenons 1-2-1 are spaced apart from each other on the second side surface 1-2. Therefore, 2 left and right adjacent bricks can be fixed by matching 2 pairs of the first mortises 1-1-1 and the first tenons 1-2-1, and the splicing strength and firmness of the bricks are improved. Furthermore, 3 second mortises 1-3-1 and 3 second tenons 1-4-1 are respectively arranged on the third side surface 1-3 at intervals, 3 second mortises 1-3-1 are arranged on the fourth side surface 1-4 at intervals, thus, 2 vertically adjacent bricks can be fixed by the fit of 3 pairs of second mortises 1-3-1 and second tenons 1-4-1, therefore, two adjacent bricks on the left and the right are fixed through the dovetail-shaped first mortise 1-1-1 and the first tenon 1-2-1, due to the dovetail-shaped special structure, the two spliced brick bodies can be prevented from shifting in the transverse direction, and the mounting strength and firmness between the two adjacent brick bodies are improved. In addition, the upper and lower adjacent bricks can be fixed through the fit of the second mortises 1-3-1 and the second tenons 1-4-1, and meanwhile, the mounting strength and firmness of the upper and lower adjacent bricks are improved through the weight of the upper brick.

In an embodiment of the present invention, with continued reference to fig. 2, a cavity is formed in the block body 1, the block body 1 further includes reinforcing plates 1-5 installed in the cavity, and the reinforcing plates 1-5 are located between the third side surface 1-3 and the fourth side surface 1-4. Specifically, the weight of block 1 can be reduced to the cavity in block 1 for block 1 is lighter, and in addition, to avoid setting up of cavity to influence the building intensity of block 1, reinforcing plate 1-5 of this embodiment installation in the cavity.

Further, the cavity penetrates through the third side face 1-3, specifically, 2 openings 1-3-2 communicated with the cavity are formed in the third side face 1-3, the 2 openings 1-3-2 are located on two opposite sides of the reinforcing plate 1-5, and specifically, the openings 1-3-2 can form a closed air cavity after construction is completed, so that heat preservation and insulation of a building are facilitated.

It is required to explain, the utility model discloses the embodiment does not do the restriction to the size of the brick body, and the brick body size in this embodiment is fit for any building scene promptly, and the size of the brick body can be selected in a flexible way as required to the technical staff in the field, the utility model discloses do not do here and describe repeatedly.

Furthermore, a plurality of bricks as described above can be connected to form a wall, wherein the connection at least comprises one of the following connections:

It should be noted that the wall body can be used as a bearing wall body or a non-bearing wall body, and a person skilled in the art can flexibly select a connection mode among a plurality of brick bodies according to the required size of the wall body.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the wall body in this embodiment may include 4 brick bodies, when the fifth brick body is assembled, the fifth brick body is horizontally adjacent to the fourth brick body and is located on the right of the fourth brick body, the first tenon 1-2-1 of the fifth brick body is vertically inserted downwards along the first mortise 1-1-1 from the top of the fourth brick body until the second mortise 1-3-1 of the fifth brick body is engaged with the second tenon 1-4-1 on the brick body located below the fifth brick body, thereby realizing the splicing assembly of 5 brick bodies.

It should be noted that, the utility model discloses embodiment does not do the injeciton to the number of the brick body, the number of the brick body can be selected in a flexible way as required to the technical staff in the field, simultaneously can design each individual size of a dimension in a flexible way as required, a plurality of bricks of not unidimensional can constitute brick body size system, and this brick body size system can be applicable to the building of different specifications, the industrialization and the productization production of the brick body have been realized, be convenient for produce, transport, store, construction mode is simple, construction efficiency and construction quality have been improved, there is not special requirement to the practitioner, thereby a assembly type building in the true sense is provided.

The utility model discloses an in another embodiment, can be used in a building body with the wall body that the concatenation was accomplished, wherein, this building body can be for building or bungalow, and it is worth mentioning that, as long as can use the building body of the wall body in the above-mentioned embodiment all be in the utility model discloses an within the protection scope.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific to the implementation of the present invention and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in its practical application.

Claims

1. A brick body is characterized by comprising a rectangular block body, wherein the block body is provided with a first side face, a second side face opposite to the first side face, a third side face and a fourth side face opposite to the third side face, the first side face and the second side face are parallel, the third side face and the fourth side face are parallel, a first mortise is arranged on the first side face, a first tenon is arranged on the second side face corresponding to the first mortise, and the first mortise and the first tenon respectively penetrate through the first side face and the second side face; and a second mortise is arranged on the third side surface, a second tenon is arranged on the fourth side surface corresponding to the second mortise, and the cross sections of the first mortise and the first tenon are in an isosceles trapezoid shape so as to limit the separation of the connected brick bodies and firmly connect the brick bodies together.

2. The brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first mortise and the first tenon are disposed along the height direction of the block, the second mortise and the second tenon are disposed through the third side and the fourth side along the thickness direction of the block, and the upper base and the lower base of one isosceles trapezoid have the same height as the upper base and the lower base of the other isosceles trapezoid; the cross sections of the second tenon and the second mortise are square, and the length and the width of one square are equal to those of the other square.

3. The brick of claim 2, wherein a first vertical slot is formed on an outer side of a sidewall of the first tongue-and-groove, the first vertical slot is disposed through the sidewall of the first tongue-and-groove along a height direction of the block, a second vertical slot is disposed on the second side surface along the height direction of the block, the second vertical slot is disposed through an outer side of the first tongue-and-groove, and a depth of the first vertical slot is the same as a depth of the second vertical slot.

4. The brick of claim 3, wherein the first vertical joint grooves comprise 2 vertical joint grooves, 2 first vertical joint grooves are respectively arranged at the top ends of two opposite side walls of the first tenon groove, the second vertical joint grooves comprise 2 vertical joint grooves, and 2 second vertical joint grooves are respectively arranged at two opposite outer sides of the first tenon.

5. The brick of claim 4, wherein the top of the side wall of the first tongue groove protrudes from the top of the side wall of the first vertical slot, the top of the side wall of the second vertical slot protrudes from the second side, and the end surface of the first tongue protrudes from the top of the side wall of the second vertical slot.

6. The brick of claim 5, wherein the number of the first mortises and the number of the first tenons are 2, 2 of the first mortises are spaced apart from each other on the first side surface, and 2 of the first tenons are spaced apart from each other on the second side surface.

7. The brick of claim 6, wherein the number of the second mortises and the number of the second tenons are 3, 3 of the second mortises are spaced apart from each other on the third side surface, and 3 of the second tenons are spaced apart from each other on the fourth side surface.

8. The tile of claim 1, wherein the block defines a cavity therein, and further comprising a reinforcing plate disposed within the cavity, the reinforcing plate being disposed between the third and fourth sides.

9. A wall body, characterized in that the wall body is formed by connecting a plurality of brick bodies according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the connection at least comprises any one of the following:

10. A building comprising the wall of claim 9.