CN210286900U - Modularized floating wetland - Google Patents
Modularized floating wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN210286900U CN210286900U CN201920415754.1U CN201920415754U CN210286900U CN 210286900 U CN210286900 U CN 210286900U CN 201920415754 U CN201920415754 U CN 201920415754U CN 210286900 U CN210286900 U CN 210286900U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the field of water body ecological restoration, and discloses a modularized floating wetland, which comprises a plurality of floating wetland units (1), wherein each floating wetland unit (1) comprises a conjoined net cylinder (11), a support piece (12) and an ecological rod (13), and the conjoined net cylinder (11) is a net-shaped body formed by connecting a plurality of net cylinders which are sewn by nylon nets into a whole; the ecological rod (13) consists of a plant growing bag, a plant propagule (131) and a light matrix (132), wherein the plant propagule (131) and the light matrix (132) are filled in the plant growing bag. The ecological rod of the utility model is simple to manufacture, other floating body materials are not required to be introduced into the floating wetland, the internal structure of the matrix in the ecological rod is rich, the specific surface area and the phosphorus fixation capacity are also forced to be low, the labor intensity is reduced, and the subsequent field construction is convenient; has better adsorption capacity to nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals, thereby having remarkable ecological environment benefit and wide popularization and application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a water ecological remediation field especially relates to showy wetland of modularization.
Background
The ecological floating bed is a process facility which is most commonly used in water environment treatment and ecological restoration engineering in China at present. According to the difference of physical structures, the ecological floating bed can be classified into a net frame type floating bed and a floating plate type floating bed, the net frame type floating bed is usually made into a frame by adopting hollow materials such as PVC, PE and the like, then a nylon net or a geonet is arranged on the frame to fixedly plant plants, the facility has the advantages of simple structure, low construction cost and the like, but the facility is difficult to bear a substrate due to small buoyancy of the frame body, large pores and the like, and the fixedly planted plants can only be low submerged plants or floating leaf plants (emergent aquatic plants are easy to fall down), so that the pollution purification capacity and the ecological landscape effect are very limited.
The floating plate type floating bed is formed by splicing a plastic floating plate or a foam plate with planting holes, plants can be planted on the floating bed in a pot planting mode, emergent aquatic plants can be planted, the ecological landscape effect is obviously better than that of a frame type floating bed, but the engineering application in recent years discovers that the floating plate type ecological floating bed is extremely easy to cause the damage of the deformation of the floating plate and the lodging of the plants due to the extrusion of the proliferation growth of the roots of the plants. On the other hand, the existing floating plate type floating bed technology generally has the problems of higher construction cost, limited plant root zone effect and the like. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a floating ecological purification facility which can replace the existing ecological floating bed. The river ecological restoration engineering practice in recent years shows that the plastic floating plate type ecological floating bed is easy to deform and damage the plastic floating plate and plant lodging due to the extrusion effect of the proliferation and growth of the plant roots. In addition, research and research show that the plastic floating plate type artificial floating bed is not beneficial to the attachment and growth of aquatic organisms, particularly micro animals due to the obstruction of the floating plate and the planting pot matched with the floating plate. On the other hand, the plastic floating plate type ecological floating bed generally has the problems of higher construction cost, limited plant root zone effect and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to find a floating ecological purification facility which can replace the floating plate type ecological floating bed.
The floating wetland is a new process of the artificial wetland technology, and the basic structure and the action mechanism of the floating wetland are similar to those of the existing artificial wetland. Different from artificial wetland adopting high specific gravity filler, the floating wetland needs to adopt light filler with specific gravity close to water in order to ensure that the wetland system can float. Therefore, the selection of the filler is an important link of the floating wetland system.
The floating wetland is a combined type aquatic ecological purification system developed on the basis of an ecological floating bed and an artificial wetland, and the ideal floating wetland not only needs to keep the floatable characteristic of the floating bed, but also needs to better have a plurality of advantages of the artificial wetland (such as simple construction, economy and practicability, easy popularization, capability of removing various pollutants, high pollutant removal efficiency and the like). The floating wetland technology in the prior art is difficult to exert the advantages in practical application, and for the reasons, the following problems mainly exist: (1) the structure is complex, key materials are not easy to obtain, and key components are difficult to machine and manufacture, so that the manufacturing cost is high, and the popularization and the application are difficult; (2) in the aspect of the vital purification matrix, the selection from the angle of filtration, adsorption and purification is often emphasized, the purification way is single, the adaptability to water quality change is poor, the purification effect is not continuous, and (3) the field planting of plants is often operated on water, and the difficulty of field construction is high.
Application number CN201620354093.2 is a utility model patent, and provides a floating wetland, which comprises a frame, bio-based fillers, a buoyancy structure and a plant planting unit; the frame is square, a layer of geotextile is laid on the upper surface of the frame, a group of planting cages are arranged, and the bottom of each planting cage is filled with a biological adsorption filler; the bio-based filler is filled in the frame and comprises a bio-based polyurethane filler and pores arranged in the bio-based polyurethane filler; the buoyancy structure comprises a floating ball positioned at the lower part in the frame and a foaming filler positioned in a pore at the upper part in the frame; the plant planting unit comprises a turf planted on the geotextile and emergent aquatic plants in the planting cage. The floating wetland has stable buoyancy, can purify water in various ways, has strong water purifying capacity and has landscape effect. However, the bio-based filler is mainly used for contact oxidation, and microorganisms can be accumulated on the surface of the filler to increase the contact with the surface of the sewage so as to degrade the sewage. The floating wetland has good removal effect on suspended matters and organic matters, but has low removal rate on nutrient salt N, P and incomplete functions. And moreover, the bio-based filler and the foaming filling device are adopted, so that the floating wetland has poor continuous action and higher cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to quality of water change adaptability is poor among the prior art, and purifying effect is not lasting shortcoming provides the showy wetland of modularization.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme can solve:
the modularized floating wetland comprises a plurality of floating wetland units, wherein each floating wetland unit comprises a conjoined net barrel, a support piece and an ecological rod, the conjoined net barrel is a net-shaped body which is formed by connecting a plurality of net barrels into a whole, each net barrel comprises a first net barrel and a second net barrel, the diameter of each first net barrel is smaller than that of each second net barrel, the support pieces are arranged in the first net barrels in a penetrating mode, and the ecological rods are filled in the second net barrels.
The ecological rod consists of a plant growth bag, a plant propagule and a light matrix, wherein the plant propagule and the light matrix are mixed and then filled in the plant growth bag or the light matrix is filled in the plant growth bag and then the plant propagule is planted and then the plant propagule is placed in the plant growth bag. The two key components of the conjoined net cylinder and the ecological rod can be mechanically processed and manufactured, if the conjoined net cylinder can be sewn mechanically, the ecological rod can be manufactured by an edible fungus rod forming machine, raw materials for manufacturing the key components are cheap and easy to obtain, such as geotextile, nylon nets and various matrix raw materials, the assembly and the manufacture of the floating wetland are also very simple, and the ecological rod and the supporting piece only need to be arranged in the conjoined net cylinder in a penetrating way, so the manufacturing cost is low, and the subsequent field construction is also very convenient. Sewn with nylon net
The plant propagule is one or more of seeds, root tubers, corms and bulbs of perennial hygrophytes or perennial aquatic plants. The strutting piece is any one or any combination of a plastic pipe, adult bamboo and a log pile.
The light matrix comprises glass pumice, vesuvianite, expanded vermiculite, modified oyster shell and light biochar. Wherein the components by mass percent are as follows:
glass pumice: 20 to 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
volcanic rock: 25 to 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
expanded vermiculite: 17 to 25 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
modified oyster shell: 10 to 15 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
light biochar: 5 to 10 percent.
The filled substrate is prepared by mixing glass pumice, vesuvianite, expanded vermiculite, modified oyster shell and light biochar according to a certain proportion, the matched modified oyster shell is calcined at the temperature of 450-plus-650 ℃, the oyster shell powder treated in the temperature region is alkaline, the internal structure is richer, the specific surface area and the phosphorus fixing capacity are greatly improved, the matched glass pumice is light and porous, has a plurality of mutually communicated pores and strong air permeability, microorganisms are easy to attach and grow, the vesuvianite and the expanded vermiculite have good adsorption capacity on nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals and have good adsorption and purification effects in an alkaline environment, but the air permeability of the vesuvianite, the expanded vermiculite, the modified oyster shell and the glass pumice are poor (the attached microorganisms, particularly smaller nitrobacteria amount and lower activity), the vesuvianite, the expanded vermiculite and the modified oyster shell are mixed, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus substances can be quickly and efficiently adsorbed, in addition, the added light biochar is prepared under the low-temperature carbonization condition, contains slowly-released soluble organic carbon, can improve the texture and structure of a matrix, can be used as a carbon source for supplementing microbial denitrification, and accordingly improves the removal efficiency of total nitrogen.
Whether the selection and the configuration of matrix are reasonable, not only influence the quality of water purification effect of floating the wetland, still influence the buoyancy of floating the wetland, the utility model discloses make light matrix with glass pumice, vesuvianite, expanded vermiculite, straw biochar and modified oyster shell according to the mixture of certain proportion to make ecological stick with this matrix, this ecological stick can float in the surface of water after fully absorbing water, therefore need not to reintroduce other body materials, has reduced the cost of manufacture of floating the wetland.
The particle size of the glass pumice is 3.0-6.0mm, the particle size of the vesuvianite is 2.0-4.0mm, and the maximum particle size of the expanded vermiculite is less than or equal to 2.8 mm.
The particle size of the modified oyster shell is 2.0-4.0 mm. The modified oyster shell is prepared by calcining oyster shell at the temperature of 450-650 ℃, and then crushing and screening.
The maximum grain size of the light biochar is less than or equal to 4.0 mm. The light biochar is a carbide obtained by carrying out oxygen-limited carbonization treatment on rice, corn or rape straws at the temperature of 300-400 ℃.
Preferably, the plant growing bag is sewn by geotextile which can permeate plant roots to grow.
The utility model discloses owing to adopted above technical scheme, have apparent technological effect: the utility model loads the plant propagules and the light matrix into the plant growing bag to manufacture the ecological rod, thereby realizing the onshore operation of plant planting, and the manufacture of the ecological rod can be processed by adopting an edible fungus rod forming machine, thereby reducing the labor intensity; the floating wetland does not need to introduce other floating body materials, the manufacturing cost is low, and the subsequent field construction is very convenient; the ecological rod is filled with a substrate which has rich internal structure, strong specific surface area and phosphorus fixing capacity, a plurality of mutually communicated pores and strong air permeability, microorganisms are easy to adhere and grow, and the ecological rod has good adsorption capacity on nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals; therefore, the ecological environment benefit is obvious, and the method has wide popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevation view of the utility model.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical references in the above figures are as follows: wherein, 1-floating wetland unit, 11-conjoined net cylinder, 12-supporting piece, 13-ecological rod, 131-plant propagule, 132-light substrate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the modularized floating wetland comprises a plurality of floating wetland units 1, wherein each floating wetland unit 1 comprises a conjoined net cylinder 11, a support member 12 and an ecological rod 13, the conjoined net cylinder 11 is a net body formed by connecting a plurality of net cylinders sewn by nylon nets into a whole, each net cylinder comprises a first net cylinder and a second net cylinder, the diameter of the first net cylinder is smaller than that of the second net cylinder, the support member 12 is arranged in the first net cylinder in a penetrating way, and the ecological rod 13 is filled in the second net cylinder; the ecological rod 13 is composed of a plant growth bag, a plant propagule 131 and a light matrix 132, wherein the plant propagule 131 and the light matrix 132 are mixed and then filled in the plant growth bag or the light matrix 132 is filled in the plant growth bag and then the plant propagule 131 is planted and replanted in the plant growth bag.
The plant propagule 131 is one or more of a seed, root tuber, bulb of a perennial hygrophyte or a perennial aquatic plant.
The support member 12 is any one or any combination of a plastic pipe, adult bamboo, and a log pile.
The light matrix 132 is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:
glass pumice: 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
volcanic rock: 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
expanded vermiculite: 25 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
modified oyster shell: 15 percent of the total weight of the mixture is less than or equal to 15 percent,
light biochar: 10 percent.
The particle size of the glass pumice is 3.0mm, the particle size of the vesuvianite is 2.0mm, and the maximum particle size of the expanded vermiculite is less than or equal to 2.8 mm.
The modified oyster shell is prepared by calcining oyster shell at the temperature of 450-650 ℃ and then crushing and screening, and the particle size of the modified oyster shell is 2.0-4.0 mm.
The light biochar is a carbide obtained by carrying out oxygen-limited carbonization treatment on rice, corn or rape straws at 300 ℃, and the maximum particle size of the light biochar is less than or equal to 4.0 mm.
The plant growth bag is sewed by geotextile which can permeate plant roots to grow.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, the modularized floating wetland comprises a plurality of floating wetland units 1, wherein each floating wetland unit 1 comprises a conjoined net cylinder 11, a support member 12 and an ecological rod 13, the conjoined net cylinder 11 is a net body formed by connecting a plurality of net cylinders sewn by nylon nets into a whole, each net cylinder comprises a first net cylinder and a second net cylinder, the diameter of the first net cylinder is smaller than that of the second net cylinder, the support member 12 is arranged in the first net cylinder in a penetrating way, and the ecological rod 13 is filled in the second net cylinder; the ecological rod 13 is composed of a plant growth bag, a plant propagule 131 and a light matrix 132, wherein the plant propagule 131 and the light matrix 132 are mixed and then filled in the plant growth bag or the light matrix 132 is filled in the plant growth bag and then the plant propagule 131 is planted and replanted in the plant growth bag.
The plant propagule 131 is one or more of a seed, root tuber, bulb of a perennial hygrophyte or a perennial aquatic plant.
The support member 12 is any one or any combination of a plastic pipe, adult bamboo, and a log pile.
The light matrix 132 is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:
glass pumice: 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
volcanic rock: 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
expanded vermiculite: 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
modified oyster shell: 15 percent of the total weight of the mixture is less than or equal to 15 percent,
light biochar: 5 percent.
The particle size of the glass pumice is 6.0mm, the particle size of the vesuvianite is 4.0mm, and the maximum particle size of the expanded vermiculite is less than or equal to 2.8 mm.
The modified oyster shell is prepared by calcining oyster shell at 650 ℃, and then crushing and screening, wherein the particle size of the modified oyster shell is 4.0 mm.
The light biochar is a carbide obtained by carrying out oxygen-limited carbonization treatment on rice, corn or rape straws at 400 ℃, and the maximum particle size of the light biochar is less than or equal to 4.0 mm.
The plant growth bag is sewed by geotextile which can permeate plant roots to grow.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1-2, the modularized floating wetland comprises a plurality of floating wetland units 1, wherein each floating wetland unit 1 comprises a conjoined net cylinder 11, a support member 12 and an ecological rod 13, the conjoined net cylinder 11 is a net body formed by connecting a plurality of net cylinders sewn by nylon nets into a whole, each net cylinder comprises a first net cylinder and a second net cylinder, the diameter of the first net cylinder is smaller than that of the second net cylinder, the support member 12 is arranged in the first net cylinder in a penetrating way, and the ecological rod 13 is filled in the second net cylinder; the ecological rod 13 is composed of a plant growth bag, a plant propagule 131 and a light matrix 132, wherein the plant propagule 131 and the light matrix 132 are mixed and then filled in the plant growth bag or the light matrix 132 is filled in the plant growth bag and then the plant propagule 131 is planted and replanted in the plant growth bag.
The plant propagule 131 is one or more of a seed, root tuber, bulb of a perennial hygrophyte or a perennial aquatic plant.
The support member 12 is any one or any combination of a plastic pipe, adult bamboo, and a log pile.
The light matrix 132 is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:
glass pumice: 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
volcanic rock: 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
expanded vermiculite: 17 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
modified oyster shell: 13 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
light biochar: 10 percent.
The particle size of the glass pumice is 5.0mm, the particle size of the vesuvianite is 3.0mm, and the maximum particle size of the expanded vermiculite is less than or equal to 2.8 mm.
The modified oyster shell is prepared by calcining oyster shell at 550 ℃, and then crushing and screening, wherein the particle size of the modified oyster shell is 3.0 mm.
The light biochar is a carbide obtained by carrying out oxygen-limited carbonization treatment on rice, corn or rape straws at 350 ℃, and the maximum particle size of the light biochar is less than or equal to 4.0 mm.
The plant growth bag is sewed by geotextile which can permeate plant roots to grow.
Example 4
The wetland is floated to the modularization, and the contrast research experiment discovers, adopts the utility model discloses wetland is floated to modularization of third embodiment, with the ecological bed of floating of prior art (the matrix is the haydite) 30 days of handling in succession at same time, the aquatic plant of adoption is aquatic canna, and the initial concentration of handling water COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is 126, 32, 39 and 5.6mg/L respectively. The effects are shown in the following table:
the removal effect of the visible pollutants is obviously better than that of the ecological floating bed frequently used in the prior art.
Example 5
The modularized floating wetland is applied to river regulation of a certain village and town in Taizhou city of Zhejiang province, and comprises a plurality of floating wetland units 1, each floating wetland unit 1 comprises a conjoined net cylinder 11, a support piece 12 and an ecological rod 13, each conjoined net cylinder 11 is a net body formed by connecting a plurality of net cylinders formed by sewing nylon nets into a whole, each net cylinder comprises a first net cylinder and a second net cylinder, the diameter of each first net cylinder is smaller than that of each second net cylinder, the support piece 12 is arranged in each first net cylinder in a penetrating mode, and the ecological rod 13 is filled in each second net cylinder; the ecological rod 13 is composed of a plant growth bag, a plant propagule 131 and a light matrix 132, wherein the plant propagule 131 and the light matrix 132 are mixed and then filled in the plant growth bag or the light matrix 132 is filled in the plant growth bag and then the plant propagule 131 is planted and replanted in the plant growth bag.
The plant propagule 131 is one or more of a seed, root tuber, bulb of a perennial hygrophyte or a perennial aquatic plant.
The support member 12 is any one or any combination of a plastic pipe, adult bamboo, and a log pile.
The light matrix 132 is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:
glass pumice: 25 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
volcanic rock: 30 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
expanded vermiculite: in the range of 22%,
modified oyster shell: 13 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
light biochar: 10 percent.
The particle size of the glass pumice is 4.0mm, the particle size of the vesuvianite is 3.0mm, and the maximum particle size of the expanded vermiculite is less than or equal to 2.8 mm.
The modified oyster shell is prepared by calcining oyster shell at 550 ℃, and then crushing and screening, wherein the particle size of the modified oyster shell is 3.0 mm.
The light biochar is a carbide obtained by carrying out oxygen-limited carbonization treatment on rice, corn or rape straws at 350 ℃, and the maximum particle size of the light biochar is less than or equal to 4.0 mm.
The plant growth bag is sewed by geotextile which can permeate plant roots to grow.
Description of the effects: by adopting the modularized floating wetland and the manufacturing method thereof, the water quality of the river channel rises from IV type to III type after three months through water quality monitoring before and after treatment.
The utility model discloses a showy wetland of modularization has obvious advantage than ecological bed of floating in the aspect of preventing that the plant from lodging, polluting purification ability, construction cost etc..
In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The modularized floating wetland comprises a plurality of floating wetland units (1) and is characterized in that: the floating wetland unit (1) comprises a conjoined net cylinder (11), a support piece (12) and an ecological rod (13), wherein the conjoined net cylinder (11) is a net-shaped body which is formed by connecting a plurality of net cylinders into a whole, the net cylinder comprises a first net cylinder and a second net cylinder, the diameter of the first net cylinder is smaller than that of the second net cylinder, the support piece (12) is arranged in the first net cylinder in a penetrating way, and the ecological rod (13) is filled in the second net cylinder.
2. The modular floating wetland according to claim 1, wherein: the ecological rod (13) consists of a plant growth bag, a plant propagule (131) and a light matrix (132), wherein the plant propagule (131) and the light matrix (132) are mixed and then filled in the plant growth bag or the light matrix (132) is filled in the plant growth bag and then the plant propagule (131) is planted and replanted in the plant growth bag.
3. The modular floating wetland according to claim 1, wherein: the plant growth bag is sewed by geotextile which can allow plant roots to grow.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113860504A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 郝晓霞 | Wetland ecological remediation device |
| CN114291904A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell continuous treatment device |
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2019
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201920415754.1U patent/CN210286900U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113860504A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 郝晓霞 | Wetland ecological remediation device |
| CN114291904A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell continuous treatment device |
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