CN210224956U - Low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proof circuit for inputting direct-current power supply - Google Patents
Low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proof circuit for inputting direct-current power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN210224956U CN210224956U CN201920991159.2U CN201920991159U CN210224956U CN 210224956 U CN210224956 U CN 210224956U CN 201920991159 U CN201920991159 U CN 201920991159U CN 210224956 U CN210224956 U CN 210224956U
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-power consumption prevents that transposition prevents slow-witted circuit for inputing DC power supply, low-power consumption prevent that transposition prevents slow-witted circuit and is located between DC power supply's input to output. The low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit comprises a reverse path adjusting circuit, the reverse path adjusting circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R4, a diode D4, a triode Q3 and a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the resistor R4 and the base of the transistor Q3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3. The collector of the triode Q3 and the post-stage circuit U1 are connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the direct-current power supply. The utility model discloses a low-power consumption is prevented that transposition prevents slow-witted circuit can connect when reversed at DC power supply, with the circuit fracture, avoids the damage of power and back stage circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electron, concretely relates to a low-power consumption prevents reverse connection and prevents slow-witted circuit for inputing DC power supply.
Background
In the electronic field, in an electronic device to which ac power is supplied and an electronic device to which dc power is supplied, the positive and negative polarities of an input portion of the electronic device to which dc power is supplied are not allowed to be reversed. If the positive and negative input poles of the DC power supply are connected reversely, the electronic elements of the electric appliances with the power supply polarity requirement in the rear-stage circuit, such as transistors, integrated blocks, electrolytic capacitors and the like, can be burnt out; the electric appliance can not work or work abnormally due to the fact that the power supply polarity of the rear-stage circuit is opposite, such as a quartz watch, an electric toy, a direct current motor and the like; if the reverse connection of the direct current power supply is performed, the rear-stage circuit and the power supply can be simultaneously endangered, and if the reverse connection of the storage battery and the charger is extremely high in current, the storage battery and the charger can be damaged, even hurt people and fire. Therefore, a reverse connection prevention and fool-proof circuit is generally designed on the dc power supply equipment.
The traditional reverse connection prevention fool-proofing circuit is characterized in that a diode is connected in series into an input end loop by utilizing the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, the anode of a power supply is connected with the anode of the diode, and the diode is in a conducting state, so that current flows when power supply voltage is applied to a rear-stage circuit, and the rear-stage circuit works normally. If the power supply is reversely connected, the cathode of the power supply is connected with the anode of the diode, and the diode is in a turn-off state at the moment, so that no voltage exists on the rear-stage circuit, no current flows through the rear-stage circuit, the rear-stage circuit cannot be operated and cannot be damaged, and the protection effect of preventing the rear-stage circuit from being damaged due to reverse connection of the power supply is achieved.
The connection is simple and reliable, but the power consumption influence is very large under the condition of inputting large current. Taking an automobile HID ballast as an example, the input current rating of the ballast reaches 8A, and if the fast recovery diode MUR3020PT of Onsemi is selected, the voltage drop of the rated tube is 1V, then the power consumption at least also reaches: pd 8A × 1V 8W, which has a great influence on the efficiency and heat dissipation of the ballast, and also seriously affects the service life of the electrical equipment.
In view of the above, it is necessary to improve an anti-reverse connection circuit of a dc power supply in the prior art, so as to solve the problems of large power consumption and short service life of electrical equipment of the anti-reverse connection circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a low-power consumption prevents reverse-connection and prevents slow-witted circuit for inputing DC power supply, mainly utilize electronic components such as diode, triode, resistance, MOS pipe to communicate when inputing DC power supply in order to realize in the circuit and the function of disconnection when the reversal. Namely, the gate of the MOS tube is switched on along with the regulation of the forward bias base electrode-collector electrode of the diode and the triode, so that the normal work of the circuit is realized when the direct-current power supply is connected positively. The gate of the MOS tube is grounded by using the adjustment of the resistor and the triode, so that the circuit is closed when the direct-current power supply is reversely connected, and a rear-stage circuit is protected.
Realize the utility model discloses the technical scheme of purpose as follows: a low-power consumption reverse connection prevention fool-proof circuit for inputting a direct current power supply is positioned between an input end and an output end of the direct current power supply. The low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit comprises a reverse path adjusting circuit, the reverse path adjusting circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R4, a diode D4, a triode Q3 and a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the resistor R4 and the base of the transistor Q3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3. The collector of the triode Q3 and the post-stage circuit U1 are connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the direct-current power supply. When the direct current power supply is reversely connected, the triode Q3 is opened, the MOS tube Q1 is disconnected, and the circuit is disconnected.
The working principle of the reverse path regulating circuit is that when the direct current power supply is reversely connected, the resistor R9 enables the resistor R4 to generate a forward diode drop through the diode D4, the triode Q3 is conducted, the grid voltage of the MOS transistor Q1 is lower than the input voltage, the MOS transistor Q1 is disconnected, and the circuit is closed.
As right the utility model discloses a further improvement, the low-power consumption is prevented that reverse connection prevents slow-witted circuit and is still included forward path regulating circuit, and forward path regulating circuit includes diode D2, triode Q3, MOS pipe Q1. The input end of the direct current power supply is connected with the anode of the diode D2 and the source of the MOS tube Q1, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the base of the triode Q3. The collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q1 and the post-stage circuit U1 are connected with the output end of the direct-current power supply. When the direct current power supply is connected positively, the triode Q3 is switched off, the MOS transistor Q1 is switched on, and the circuit is switched on.
The working principle of the forward path regulating circuit is that when an input power supply is connected positively, the triode Q3 is disconnected, the grid voltage of the MOS tube Q1 is larger than the difference between the input voltage and two diode drops of the MOS tube Q1, the MOS tube Q1 is connected, and the circuit is connected.
As right the utility model discloses a further improvement, low-power consumption is prevented that it prevents still to be equipped with MOS pipe Q2 on the slow-witted circuit to connect, and MOS pipe Q2 and MOS pipe Q1 constitute the low-power consumption circuit that the low-power consumption is prevented that the slow-witted circuit is prevented to connect. The MOS transistor Q2 is located between the MOS transistor Q1 and the output end of the direct current power supply, the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the output end of the direct current power supply, and the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the post-stage circuit U1. The power consumption of the MOS transistor Q1 and the power consumption of the MOS transistor Q2 are low when the transistors are switched on, so that the loss can be effectively reduced, and the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 have great advantages of improving the heat dissipation performance and the reliability of equipment.
As right the utility model discloses a further improvement, the low-power consumption is prevented that reverse connection prevents slow-witted circuit and is still included forward path protection circuit, and forward path protection circuit includes diode D4, resistance R9, diode D2. The forward path protection circuit is used to prevent the emitter of transistor Q3 from breakdown during power up. The working principle of the forward path protection circuit is that when a direct-current power supply is connected positively, the diode D4 can consume a cable flowing through the resistor R9, the diode D2 can prevent an emitter of the triode Q3 from being broken down in the power-on process, and the protection of the triode Q3 is realized.
As right the utility model discloses a further improvement, the low-power consumption is prevented that reverse connection prevents slow-witted circuit and is still included reverse path protection circuit, and reverse path protection circuit includes diode D5, diode D5's positive pole ground connection, diode D5's negative pole and MOS pipe Q1's grid, and diode D5 is used for when MOS pipe Q1's grid voltage is the burden, with back level circuit U1 ground connection.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the power consumption of the MOS tube is greatly reduced compared with that of a diode, the power consumption is lower when the input current is large, and the influence on the heat dissipation performance, the reliability and the like of the electrical equipment is small.
2. The utility model discloses a low-power consumption is prevented that transposition prevents slow-witted circuit in the finite volume, just can accomplish the low-power consumption and prevent transposition and prevent slow-witted, can reduce about 10 times of orders of magnitude with the consumption.
3. The utility model discloses a low-power consumption is prevented that reverse connection prevents slow-witted circuit accords with present mainstream flattening design, and its method is simple, can be fine be applied to in the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the low-and-medium power consumption reverse connection prevention fool-proof circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the functions, methods, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment, a low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit for inputting a dc power supply is located between an input end and an output end of the dc power supply. The low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit comprises a reverse path adjusting circuit, the reverse path adjusting circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R4, a diode D4, a triode Q3 and a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the anode of the diode D4. The cathode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the resistor R4 and the base of the transistor Q3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3. The collector of the triode Q3 and the post-stage circuit U1 are connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the direct-current power supply. When the direct current power supply is reversely connected, the triode Q3 is opened, the MOS tube Q1 is disconnected, and the circuit is disconnected.
The working principle of the reverse path regulating circuit is as follows: when the direct current power supply is reversely connected, the resistor R9 enables the resistor R4 to generate a forward diode drop through the diode D4, the triode Q3 is enabled to be conducted, the grid voltage of the MOS transistor Q1 is lower than the input voltage, the MOS transistor Q1 is disconnected, and the circuit is closed. That is, transistor Q3 turns on during negative input voltages when the current from resistor R9 through diode D4 creates a forward diode drop across resistor R4. Transistor Q3 then holds the gate of MOS transistor Q1 at the input voltage (low at this time), turning off Q1, thereby preventing the negative input voltage from reaching MOS transistor Q2 and subsequent stage circuit U1.
The low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit further comprises a forward path adjusting circuit, and the forward path adjusting circuit comprises a diode D2, a triode Q3 and a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q1. The input end of the direct current power supply is connected with the anode of the diode D2 and the source of the MOS tube Q1, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the base of the triode Q3. The collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q1 and the post-stage circuit U1 are connected with the output end of the direct-current power supply. When the direct current power supply is connected positively, the triode Q3 is switched off, the MOS transistor Q1 is switched on, and the circuit is switched on.
The working principle of the forward path regulating circuit is that when an input power supply is connected positively, the triode Q3 is disconnected, the grid voltage of the MOS tube Q1 is larger than the difference between the input voltage and two diode drops of the MOS tube Q1, the MOS tube Q1 is connected, and the circuit is connected. That is, when the power supply is positive, the forward biased base-collector junction of diode D2 and transistor Q3 allows the gate of MOS transistor Q1 to follow (input voltage minus the two diode drops of MOS transistor Q1) when a positive voltage is first applied to the input. In this case, the body diode of transistor Q1 is used to transfer power to the post circuit U1, and transistor Q1 and transistor Q2 transfer FET provide a low impedance path to the load.
The low-power-consumption anti-reverse-connection fool-proof circuit is also provided with an MOS tube Q2, and the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q1 form the low-power-consumption circuit of the low-power-consumption anti-reverse-connection fool-proof circuit. The MOS transistor Q2 is located between the MOS transistor Q1 and the output end of the direct current power supply, the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the output end of the direct current power supply, and the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the post-stage circuit U1. The power consumption of the MOS transistor Q1 and the power consumption of the MOS transistor Q2 are low when the transistors are switched on, so that the loss can be effectively reduced, and the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 have great advantages of improving the heat dissipation performance and the reliability of equipment.
The low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit further comprises a forward path protection circuit, and the forward path protection circuit comprises a diode D4, a resistor R9 and a diode D2. The forward path protection circuit is used to prevent the emitter of transistor Q3 from breakdown during power up. The working principle of the forward path protection circuit is that when a direct-current power supply is connected positively, the diode D4 can consume a cable flowing through the resistor R9, the diode D2 can prevent an emitter of the triode Q3 from being broken down in the power-on process, and the protection of the triode Q3 is realized.
The low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit further comprises a reverse-path protection circuit, the reverse-path protection circuit comprises a diode D5, the anode of a diode D5 is grounded, the cathode of a diode D5 and the grid of a MOS tube Q1, and a diode D5 is used for clamping the GATE pin of the rear-stage circuit U1 to the ground potential when the grid voltage of the MOS tube Q1 is negative, so that the rear-stage circuit U1 is prevented from being damaged.
It should be noted that the remaining electronic components in the low-power-consumption anti-reverse-connection fool-proofing circuit shown in fig. 1 are surge protection portions, and will not be described in detail here.
The above list of details is only for the practical implementation of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a low-power consumption prevents that transposition prevents slow-witted circuit for inputing DC power supply, the low-power consumption prevents that transposition prevents slow-witted circuit is located between DC power supply's input to output, its characterized in that: the low-power-consumption anti-reverse-connection fool-proofing circuit comprises a reverse path adjusting circuit, the reverse path adjusting circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R4, a diode D4, a triode Q3 and an MOS tube Q1, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the anode of the diode D4, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the base of the triode Q3, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q3, the collector of the triode Q3 and the post-stage circuit U1 are connected with the gate of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the direct-current power supply;
when the direct current power supply is reversely connected, the triode Q3 is opened, the MOS transistor Q1 is disconnected, and the circuit is disconnected.
2. The low-power consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit for the input direct-current power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-power-consumption anti-reverse-connection fool-proofing circuit further comprises a forward path adjusting circuit, the forward path adjusting circuit comprises a diode D2, a triode Q3 and a MOS tube Q1, the input end of a direct current power supply is connected with the anode of the diode D2 and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1, the cathode of a diode D2 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q3, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with the gate electrode of the MOS tube Q1, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 and the rear-stage circuit U1 are connected with the output end of the direct current power supply;
when the direct current power supply is connected positively, the triode Q3 is switched off, the MOS transistor Q1 is switched on, and the circuit is switched on.
3. The low-power consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit for the input direct-current power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: the low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention foolproof circuit is also provided with an MOS tube Q2, and the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q1 form a low-power-consumption circuit of the low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention foolproof circuit;
the MOS transistor Q2 is located between the MOS transistor Q1 and the output end of the direct current power supply, the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the output end of the direct current power supply, and the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the post-stage circuit U1.
4. The low-power consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit for the input direct-current power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit further comprises a forward path protection circuit, wherein the forward path protection circuit comprises the diode D4, the resistor R9 and the diode D2; the forward path protection circuit is used to prevent the emitter of the transistor Q3 from being broken down during power-up.
5. The low-power consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit for the input direct-current power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proofing circuit further comprises a reverse-path protection circuit, the reverse-path protection circuit comprises a diode D5, the anode of the diode D5 is grounded, the cathode of the diode D5 is grounded with the grid of the MOS tube Q1, and the diode D5 is used for grounding the rear-stage circuit U1 when the grid voltage of the MOS tube Q1 is negative.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920991159.2U CN210224956U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proof circuit for inputting direct-current power supply |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920991159.2U CN210224956U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proof circuit for inputting direct-current power supply |
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| CN210224956U true CN210224956U (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| CN201920991159.2U Active CN210224956U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Low-power-consumption reverse-connection-prevention fool-proof circuit for inputting direct-current power supply |
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Address after: 710000 5th floor, block B, productivity building, No.3, electronic West Street, electronic industrial park, high tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Xi'an Shengxin Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710000 5th floor, block B, productivity building, No.3, electronic West Street, electronic industrial park, high tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee before: XI'AN SENSING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. |
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Address after: Room 810, Building C, 8th Floor, Chuangye Building, No. 16 Gaoxin 1st Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710065 Patentee after: Xi'an Shengxin Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710000 5th floor, block B, productivity building, No.3, electronic West Street, electronic industrial park, high tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee before: Xi'an Shengxin Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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