CN210071723U - Experimental device for survey dust cloud burning explosion characteristic - Google Patents
Experimental device for survey dust cloud burning explosion characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN210071723U CN210071723U CN201920498209.3U CN201920498209U CN210071723U CN 210071723 U CN210071723 U CN 210071723U CN 201920498209 U CN201920498209 U CN 201920498209U CN 210071723 U CN210071723 U CN 210071723U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an experimental device of survey dust cloud burning explosion characteristic, whole experimental device include spark ignition, purpose-made quartz glass pipe, porous stationary flow dusting pipeline, pressure/temperature data acquisition device and removal dismantlement formula mount, can survey characteristic parameters such as minimum ignition energy, explosion pressure and the combustion temperature of dust cloud burning explosion. The utility model discloses a porous gas shunt can realize evenly stably spouting gas, and electric spark trigger circuit can realize the electric spark of a plurality of optional energy levels of little energy and big two big types of energy to can guarantee higher ignition spark energy precision, through install not unidimensional explosion venting piece and self-control removal dismantlement formula mount at purpose-built quartz glass tube top, can study different pressure and the temperature of letting out the explosion area and different positions dust cloud burning explosion.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an experimental apparatus for research dust cloud burning explosion characteristic parameter belongs to dust burning explosion danger test research technical field.
Background
With the continuous development of industrial production technology, flammable and explosive dust is widely applied, and the potential risk of dust explosion is greatly increased. The research on the dust explosion characteristic parameters has important practical significance for preventing and controlling dust explosion disastrous accidents. The Minimum Ignition Energy of the Dust Cloud (MIE) refers to the Minimum Energy required by just being capable of igniting the Dust Cloud under the most sensitive condition, is an important characterization parameter reflecting the hazard of combustible Dust, and has important significance on aspects such as Dust explosion risk assessment, effective explosion prevention measures and the like.
The experimental equipment for researching the combustion and explosion characteristics of the dust cloud mainly comprises a 20L spherical explosion device and a 1.2L Hartmann tube, and most of the 1.2L Hartmann tube minimum ignition energy devices are applied to equipment for researching the minimum ignition energy of the dust cloud by various scientific research institutions at home and abroad. At present, widely used experimental devices for testing minimum ignition energy of dust cloud mainly comprise Chilworth, MIKE3 and other imported devices, mature products in China are few, the functions of the devices are few, and the prices of the devices are very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at designing a measurable dust cloud minimum ignition can, explosion pressure and burning temperature isoparametric's dust cloud burning explosion experimental apparatus, aim at studying dust cloud burning explosion emergence development law and provide reliable scientific foundation for the aspect of dust explosion accident prevention.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal as follows.
An experimental device for measuring the combustion and explosion characteristics of dust cloud is characterized in that: the device comprises a dust cloud combustion explosion generating device and a pressure/temperature data acquisition device;
the dust cloud combustion explosion generating device comprises a porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline, an electric spark ignition device and a special quartz glass tube; the porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline is supplied with gas by a mini air compressor, a gas source processor filter is used for regulating the pressure, an electromagnetic valve is used for opening and closing the pipeline, and a porous gas splitter is used for steady-flow gas spraying; the electric spark ignition device is triggered to ignite by moving an electric spark counter electrode through a small pneumatic device, and the electric spark ignition energy is regulated and controlled by an electric spark ignition circuit; the special quartz glass tube is provided with symmetrical fixing holes for inserting the electric spark counter electrode, and the top end of the special quartz glass tube is provided with a fastening device for installing an explosion venting sheet.
The pressure/temperature data acquisition device comprises a movable detachable fixing frame which can be provided with six thermocouples at equal angles or six pressure sensors, a data acquisition unit for acquiring pressure/temperature data and a control computer; the thermocouple and the pressure sensor can be used singly or in combination according to the requirement; the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit through a thermocouple dedicated line and a pressure sensor dedicated line, and are controlled through matched software installed on a control computer.
The electric spark ignition device regulates and controls the ignition energy of the electric spark through a capacitor in an electric spark ignition circuit, and the capacitor can be freely selected corresponding to electric sparks with a plurality of selectable energy levels, namely small energy and large energy; the electric spark ignition circuit is used for conducting capacitor charging and experimental starting through the relay switch, alternating current is converted into direct current through the one-way rectifier bridge, the voltage is increased to a required value through the transformer, and experimental starting time and ignition delay time are set through the first synchronous timer and the second synchronous controller.
The mushroom-shaped disperser and the porous gas distributor are arranged at the bottom of the special quartz glass tube and connected with the porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline, so that the dust to be measured is uniformly blown from the bottom of the mushroom-shaped disperser; symmetrical fixing holes are formed in the bottom of the special quartz glass tube at a certain distance and used for inserting an electric spark counter electrode, and a fastening device of the explosion venting sheet is arranged at the top end of the special quartz glass tube and can be used for installing the explosion venting sheets with different sizes.
The thermocouple can directly measure the temperature of dust cloud burning explosion fireball in the experimentation, pressure sensor can directly measure the pressure that produces in the dust cloud burning explosion procedure in the experimentation, thermocouple and pressure sensor are connected with data collection station to in preserving relevant experimental data in real time to the control computer, thermocouple and pressure sensor's installation quantity and mounted position all can be adjusted through removal dismantlement formula mount and the removal ring above that, removal dismantlement formula mount superscript scale can direct display mounting height.
According to the experimental device, 220V alternating current is increased to high voltage through a transformer, a capacitor is charged through a one-way rectifier bridge, and a formula E =0.5CU is calculated according to the electric energy of the capacitor2The voltage value is increased, so that the energy loss of electric spark ignition can be effectively reduced, and the energy value of electric spark ignition can be further accurate by measuring the voltage and the current when the capacitor discharges.
The utility model discloses an effective effect as follows.
(1) The utility model provides an experimental device of survey dust cloud burning explosion characteristic, it can survey important characteristic parameters such as dust cloud minimum ignition energy, explosion pressure and combustion temperature.
(2) The utility model discloses a porous gas shunt can realize evenly stablizing jet-propelled, and electric spark trigger circuit can realize the electric spark of a plurality of optional energy levels of little energy and big energy two big types, can guarantee higher dust cloud minimum ignition ability precision, through install not unidimensional let out explode piece and self-control removal dismantlement formula mount at purpose-built quartz glass tube top, can study the dust cloud burning explosion pressure and the temperature of the different areas of exploding and different positions of letting out.
(3) The utility model discloses the device is lower than current equipment of the same kind price, and the function is more to better experiment expansibility has.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the overall experimental device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an electric spark trigger circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a special quartz glass tube of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a simplified diagram of the mushroom diffuser and porous gas splitter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of the movable detachable fixing frame of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-porous steady flow powder spraying pipeline; 2-an electric spark ignition device; 3-specially manufacturing a quartz glass tube; 4-a mini air compressor; 5-air source processor; 6-electromagnetic valve; 7-a porous gas splitter; 8-an electric spark counter electrode; 9-small pneumatic devices; 10-electric spark ignition circuit; 11-symmetrical fixing holes; 12-explosion venting sheet; 13-a fastening device; 14-a thermocouple; 15-a pressure sensor; 16-moving the detachable fixing frame; 17-a data collector; 18-a control computer; 19-thermocouple dedicated wires; 20-pressure sensor dedicated line; 21-a capacitor; 22-relay switch; 23-a one-way rectifier bridge; 24-a transformer; 25-a first synchronization timer; 26-a second synchronization timer; 27-mushroom diffuser, 28-moving ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model discloses an experimental device of survey dust cloud burning explosion characteristic, whole experimental device's main part includes a porous stationary flow pipeline of dusting, an electric spark ignition, a purpose-built quartz glass pipe, a pressure/temperature data collection system and a removal dismantlement formula mount. In the experimental process of researching dust cloud combustion explosion, dust to be detected is uniformly and stably sprayed through a porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline, an electric spark ignition circuit is designed to realize electric spark ignition of two large types of small energy and large energy with multiple optional energy levels, explosion venting sheets with different sizes are arranged at the top of a quartz glass tube, a self-made movable detachable fixing frame is arranged, and dust cloud combustion explosion pressure and temperature of different explosion venting areas and different positions can be acquired. The present invention will be described with reference to the experimental apparatus shown in fig. 1 to 5 as an example.
As shown in figure 1, a miniature air compressor 4 of a porous steady flow powder spraying pipeline 1 of an experimental device for measuring the combustion and explosion characteristics of dust cloud is a GW-206 type air compressor, the volume is 3.5L, and the volume flow is 35-40L/min. The mini air compressor is connected with an air source processor 5 through a pipeline, the air source processor adopts an AFR type pressure regulating filter, the caliber of a connecting pipe PT1/4, the manual pressure regulating range is 0.05 MPa-0.9 MPa, and the highest using pressure is 1.0 MPa. The air source processor is connected with the electromagnetic valve 6 through a pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve 6 is a 220V normally closed switch air valve. The electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with a porous gas splitter 7 through a pipeline. The pipeline connecting each part is made of 304 thin-wall stainless steel, the pressure loss of the whole pipeline can be obtained by Bernoulli equation of hydrodynamics, the initial pressure set by the air source processor is 0.8MPa as an example, and the pressure for spraying powder after passing through the porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline is about 0.78 MPa.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, a mushroom-shaped disperser 27 and a porous gas splitter 7 are installed at the bottom of a special quartz glass tube 3, the mushroom-shaped disperser 27 is mushroom-shaped, the dust to be measured can be uniformly sprinkled to the periphery through the top of the mushroom-shaped disperser 27, the mushroom-shaped disperser 27 is 16mm high and 20mm in diameter, the bottom of the mushroom-shaped disperser 27 is connected through a middle reserved hole of the porous gas splitter 7, the diameter of the porous gas splitter 7 is 20mm and 2mm thick, 6 uniform small holes with the diameter of 4mm are formed in the periphery, compressed air is uniformly sprayed out of the small holes, and the dust to be measured placed at the bottom of the special quartz glass tube is uniformly blown up to form an ideal dust cloud.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the starting of the whole experimental device is controlled through a relay switch 22, when the relay switch 22 is connected to a transformer 24, 220V alternating current is increased to 1KV high-voltage electricity, the transformer 24 adopts a customized BK-1KV high-voltage transformer, then the 1KV high-voltage electricity is converted into direct current through a one-way rectifier bridge 23, a capacitor 21 is charged, the one-way rectifier bridge 23 adopts a 50A 1000V one-way rectifier bridge, and the capacitor 21 is provided with a plurality of selectable capacitors from 1nF to 1 muF and 1 muF to 10 muF. After the charging is finished, the electric switch 22 is switched to an electric spark ignition trigger loop, the first synchronous timer 25 sets the opening time of the electromagnetic valve 6, the second synchronous timer 26 controls the delayed starting time of triggering electric spark discharge of the small pneumatic device 9, the accuracy of the first synchronous timer 25 and the second synchronous timer 26 is 0.1s, the small pneumatic device 9 is an air cylinder small pneumatic device with the cylinder inner diameter of 50mm and the stroke of 100mm, a piston rod is connected with the electric spark counter electrode 8 on the left side through an insulated metal protective sleeve, the electric spark counter electrode 8 is made of high-quality pure tungsten materials, the diameter is 3.2mm, the length is 25mm, the distance range of the gap between the two pairs of electrodes is 2mm-6mm, the left-right adjustment can be realized, and the diameter of the part with the length of the top end exceeding more than 20mm is reduced to 2mm until the. The whole electric spark ignition circuit 10 can realize electric spark ignition of multiple selectable energy levels of 1 mJ-1J small energy and 1J-10J large energy.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a special quartz glass tube 3 is made of high-strength high-quality quartz glass, and has a Mohs hardness of seven grades, a tube length of 300mm, a volume of 1.2L, an outer diameter of 85mm and an inner diameter of 65 mm. Symmetrical fixing holes 11 are formed at the position 60mm away from the bottom of the tube and used for installing electric spark counter electrodes 8. The top end of the specially-made quartz glass tube 3 is provided with a fastening device 13 which can be additionally provided with explosion venting sheets 12, the fastening device 13 is made of 304 stainless steel, the fastening device 13 is two open flanges, the lower flange is fixed at the top end of the quartz glass tube 3, the upper flange is fixed with the lower flange through M5 x 30 bolts, the explosion venting sheets 12 are additionally arranged between the two flanges, and the size of the explosion venting sheets 12 is more than phi 60mm, 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 10mm and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the movable and detachable fixing frame 16 is marked with a scale, the movable ring 28 can move up and down, and six fixing holes with equal angles are formed in the movable ring 28 for installing the thermocouple 14 and the pressure sensor 15 and can be extended and retracted back and forth. The thermocouple 14 is a K-type armored thermocouple, the length of the thermocouple is 30mm, the diameter of the thermocouple is 1.6mm, the temperature measurement range is-50-1200 ℃, the response time is 300ms, and the thermocouple special line 19 is a corresponding K-type thermocouple temperature measurement compensation lead; the pressure sensor 15 adopts a CYG1401MF type pressure transmitter, the measuring range is 0-5 MPa, the measuring frequency is 100KHz, and the special line 20 of the pressure sensor adopts a matched shielding line. The thermocouple 14 and the pressure sensor 15 are respectively connected to a data acquisition unit 17 through a thermocouple dedicated line 19 and a pressure sensor dedicated line 20, the data acquisition unit 17 adopts a HIOKI LR8400-21 type data acquisition instrument, pulse input is 8ch, the resolution ratio is 1/n (r/s), the data acquisition unit 18 is connected with a control computer 19, and pressure and temperature of dust cloud combustion and explosion at different positions and under different conditions are recorded through matched software.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent substitution modes and the like fall within the scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses the part that does not relate to all is the same with prior art or can adopt prior art to realize.
Claims (4)
1. An experimental device for measuring the combustion and explosion characteristics of dust cloud is characterized in that: the device comprises a dust cloud combustion explosion generating device and a pressure/temperature data acquisition device;
the dust cloud combustion explosion generating device comprises a porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline (1), an electric spark ignition device (2) and a specially-made quartz glass tube (3); the porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline (1) is supplied with gas by a mini air compressor (4), a gas source processor (5) is used for regulating the pressure, an electromagnetic valve (6) is used for opening and closing the pipeline, and a porous gas splitter (7) is used for steady-flow gas spraying; the electric spark ignition device (2) is triggered to ignite by moving an electric spark counter electrode (8) through a small pneumatic device (9), and the electric spark ignition energy is regulated and controlled by an electric spark ignition circuit (10); the special quartz glass tube (3) is provided with symmetrical fixing holes (11) which can be inserted into the electric spark counter electrode (8), and the top end of the special quartz glass tube (3) is provided with a fastening device (13) for installing a deflagration disc (12);
the pressure/temperature data acquisition device comprises a movable detachable fixing frame (16) which can be provided with six thermocouples (14) or six pressure sensors (15) at equal angles, a data acquisition unit (17) for acquiring pressure/temperature data and a control computer (18); the thermocouple (14) and the pressure sensor (15) can be used independently and in combination according to requirements, and the thermocouple (14) and the pressure sensor (15) are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit (17) through a thermocouple special line (19) and a pressure sensor special line (20) and are controlled through matched software installed on the control computer (18).
2. The experimental device for determining the combustion explosion characteristics of dust cloud according to claim 1, wherein: the electric spark ignition device (2) regulates and controls the electric spark ignition energy through a capacitor (21) in an electric spark ignition circuit (10), and the capacitor (21) can be freely selected corresponding to electric sparks with a plurality of selectable energy levels, namely small energy and large energy; the electric spark ignition circuit (10) is used for charging a capacitor (21) and starting an experiment through a relay switch (22), alternating current is converted into direct current through a one-way rectifier bridge (23), voltage is increased to a required value through a transformer (24), and the experimental starting time and the ignition delay time are set through a first synchronous timer (25) and a second synchronous controller (26).
3. The experimental device for determining the combustion explosion characteristics of dust cloud according to claim 1, wherein: the mushroom-shaped disperser (27) and the porous gas distributor (7) are arranged at the bottom of the special quartz glass tube (3) and connected with the porous steady-flow powder spraying pipeline (1), so that the to-be-detected dust is uniformly blown from the bottom of the mushroom-shaped disperser (27); symmetrical fixing holes (11) for inserting the electric spark counter electrode (8) are formed in the bottom of the special quartz glass tube (3) at a certain distance, and a fastening device (13) of the explosion venting sheet is arranged at the top end of the special quartz glass tube (3) and can be provided with the explosion venting sheets (12) with different sizes.
4. The experimental device for determining the combustion explosion characteristics of dust cloud according to claim 1, wherein: thermocouple (14) can directly measure the temperature of dust cloud burning explosion fireball in the experimentation, pressure sensor (15) can directly measure the pressure that produces in the dust cloud burning explosion procedure in the experimentation, thermocouple (14) and pressure sensor (15) are connected with data collection station (17) to in saving relevant experimental data in real time control computer (18), the installation quantity and the mounted position of thermocouple (14) and pressure sensor (15) all can be adjusted through removal dismantlement formula mount (16) and removal ring (28) on it, removal dismantlement formula mount (16) is marked with the scale, can the direct display mounting height.
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| CN201920498209.3U CN210071723U (en) | 2019-04-14 | 2019-04-14 | Experimental device for survey dust cloud burning explosion characteristic |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109827994A (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2019-05-31 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of experimental provision and method measuring dust cloud combustion explosion characteristic |
| CN111999429A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 中北大学 | Quasi-static simulator for high-temperature fireball |
| CN112461884A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 中国计量大学 | Nano powder dispersing method and device based on ion flow control |
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2019
- 2019-04-14 CN CN201920498209.3U patent/CN210071723U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109827994A (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2019-05-31 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of experimental provision and method measuring dust cloud combustion explosion characteristic |
| CN109827994B (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2024-02-27 | 宁波工程学院 | Experimental device and method for measuring combustion and explosion characteristics of dust cloud |
| CN111999429A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 中北大学 | Quasi-static simulator for high-temperature fireball |
| CN111999429B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-06-21 | 中北大学 | Quasi-static simulator for high-temperature fireball |
| CN112461884A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 中国计量大学 | Nano powder dispersing method and device based on ion flow control |
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