CN111999429A - Quasi-static simulator for high-temperature fireball - Google Patents
Quasi-static simulator for high-temperature fireball Download PDFInfo
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- CN111999429A CN111999429A CN202010901161.3A CN202010901161A CN111999429A CN 111999429 A CN111999429 A CN 111999429A CN 202010901161 A CN202010901161 A CN 202010901161A CN 111999429 A CN111999429 A CN 111999429A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device which comprises a main base (11), wherein three guide rail seats (9) are uniformly distributed around the main base (11), each guide rail seat (9) is provided with a guide rail (14) and a stepping motor (6), the main base (11) is provided with a driving module (7) of each stepping motor (6), the guide rails (14) are provided with stepping lead screws (12) along the axial direction of the guide rails (14), the end parts of the stepping lead screws (12) are connected with the stepping motors (6), the surfaces of the guide rails (14) are positioned below the stepping lead screws (12) and provided with guide chutes (15), and the stepping lead screws (12) are provided with guide rail sliding tables (4). The device can construct a small fireball which meets the actual explosion condition and has a certain scale in a laboratory environment, and provides a tested experimental object with a certain confidence coefficient for the temperature field test of a subject group.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of physical field modeling and electrical control, relates to a multi-pipeline injection technology, and particularly relates to a high-temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device.
Background
Exploding fireballs have various destructive effects, of which the conventional explosive with the highest demand for temperature evaluation is warm-pressed shining, and the three processes of warm-pressed explosive explosion have extremely short durations: in the first stage, the oxygen-free reaction generates a shock wave that lasts for a few microseconds, mainly the redox reaction of the explosive molecules. Some phenomena generated in the detonation shock wave affect the destructive power of the explosive composition, such as the ability to destroy the reinforcing target casing; in the second stage, the anaerobic combustion reaction lasts for several microseconds, mainly the fuel particles in the explosive reaction products are too large to burn in the explosive shock wave. The impact wave characteristics which determine the explosive blasting capacity, namely the capacity of the explosive to damage building walls, shelters and the like, are influenced by the combustion reaction after detonation; in the third phase, the oxy (oxygen from air) combustion phase lasts for tens of milliseconds, and the fuel-rich reaction products react with the air by explosion and concomitant impingement mixing. The main effect of the afterburning process is heat, which raises the temperature and pressure of the gas and intensifies the blast wave.
The temperature dynamic range of the actual explosion fireball is that the temperature tests of the existing high-temperature flame field and the explosion fireball temperature field only realize the temperature tests of point temperature and partial surface according to the previous investigation in the three-dimensional temperature test of the temperature field of the explosion fireball, and the temperature reduction of the three-dimensional field mainly depends on a simulation analysis means. The fireball simulation device with certain space size is provided for solving the problem, and a plurality of flame positions are controlled by controlling the position of the nozzle on the guide rail to form a simulated high-temperature fireball with certain space size and quasi-static state. In addition, there is an urgent need for analysis, test and implementation of fireballs and flames in the civil, industrial and military fields all over the world, and therefore, it is necessary to perform simulation experiments on high-temperature fireballs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quasi-static simulation device for a high-temperature fireball, which forms a quasi-static simulation high-temperature fireball with a certain space size by controlling a plurality of flame positions.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a quasi-static simulation device for high-temperature fireball comprises a main base, three guide rail seats are uniformly distributed around the main base, each guide rail seat is provided with a guide rail and a stepping motor, the main base is provided with a driving module of each stepping motor, the guide rail is provided with a stepping lead screw along the axial direction, the end part of the stepping screw rod is connected with a stepping motor, the surface of the guide rail is arranged below the stepping screw rod and is provided with a guide chute, the stepping screw is provided with a guide rail sliding table, a guide block on the bottom surface of the guide rail sliding table is positioned in the guide sliding groove, the stepping motor is provided with an ultrasonic module for measuring the moving distance of the guide rail sliding table, the guide rail sliding table is provided with a vertical rod, the pole setting top level is equipped with the flame spray gun, the air inlet of flame spray gun is equipped with the gas and mixes the valve in advance, the gas mixes the valve in advance and connects acetylene line and oxygen pipeline.
Preferably, a heat dissipation channel is arranged in the center of the main base.
Preferably, a fisheye lens is arranged above the heat dissipation channel on the main base.
Preferably, the guide rail seat is movably installed in the installation groove of the main base, and the guide rail seat can rotate up and down relative to the main base.
The high-temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device for carrying out simulation experiments aiming at multiple physical characteristics in the actual high-temperature fireball automatically controls the states of three groups of nozzles through manually set multiple physical field parameters according to the functional relation between the center of the nozzle and the multiple physical characteristics, realizes the automatic regulation and control of the multiple physical fields of the simulated fireball, and utilizes a multi-pipeline injection technology to inject high-temperature fuel gas to form a three-dimensional high-temperature flame region meeting the experiment requirement size. According to the internal temperature range, the element concentration and the fluid characteristics of the high-temperature fireball in the actual explosion field, a stable control method of the high-temperature fireball is explored, and a simulated high-temperature fireball meeting the requirements of multiple physical characteristics is constructed and optimized. The experimental method comprises the following steps: analyzing the internal temperature range, element concentration and fluid characteristics of the high-temperature fireball, and researching various physical characteristics of the fireball; establishing a multi-pipeline injection model according to the theoretical basis and relevant software; and building a high-temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device according to the relevant model. The explosion fireball can be regarded as a fluid environment of gas-solid two-phase flow under the ideal condition, so the process of forming the high-temperature fireball by multi-pipeline injection is subjected to multi-phase flow simulation, the fluid characteristic inside the high-temperature fireball formed by the multi-pipeline injection technology under the condition of different control parameters is researched, and an experimental method for simulating the intrinsic fluid characteristic of the actual explosion fireball is further explored.
The automatic regulation and control of the multiple physical fields of the simulated fireball and the multi-pipeline injection technology form the high-temperature fireball under the laboratory environment by feeding back the position information of the positioning guide rail and adopting the high-temperature field simulation experiment technology of the multi-pipeline injection burning technology, and the simulation of the intrinsic multiple physical characteristics of the high-temperature combustion field is realized. Aiming at the simulation of the multi-physical characteristics of the fireball, a particle tracking module in simulation software is adopted to obtain the distribution condition of specific particles in the actual simulated fireball, a pressure method solver is adopted in fluid simulation, a standard k-model is adopted as a turbulence model, and a steady state for calculation is adopted. And according to the simulation results of different distances between the nozzle and the center of the model, the control of simulating the spatial dimension of the fireball is realized by changing the stepping distance of the guide rail. The element doping technology needs to dope different substances according to fire balls of different models so as to realize the simulation of the intrinsic element characteristics of the actual explosion fire ball to be measured.
The quasi-static simulation device for the high-temperature fireball mainly has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the small fireball which meets the actual explosion condition and has a certain scale can be constructed in the laboratory environment, and the tested experimental object with a certain confidence coefficient is provided for the temperature field test of the subject group.
(2) The multi-pipeline injection technology can only change specific combustion reaction, specific reactants and certain fluid conditions without changing a control means, and realizes the generation and simulation of the fireball according to different requirements and different environmental conditions.
The invention has reasonable design and good practical application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic top view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the device structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a multi-channel spray diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4a shows a first set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d500 mm.
Fig. 4b shows a second set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d500 mm.
Fig. 4c shows a third set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating the flow over a circle of diameter d500 mm.
Fig. 5a shows a first set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d600 mm.
Fig. 5b shows a second set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d600 mm.
Fig. 6a shows a first set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d700 mm.
Fig. 6b shows a second set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d700 mm.
Fig. 6c shows a third set of simulations of 3 sets of identical nozzles repeating flow over a circle of diameter d700 mm.
The above (fig. 4a, 4b, 4 c) and (fig. 5a, 5 b) and (fig. 6a, 6b, 6 c) respectively show the repetitive flow simulation of 3 sets of identical nozzles at different pitches.
FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a fireball simulation velocity field.
Fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a fireball simulation temperature field.
In the figure: 1-acetylene pipeline, 2-gas premixing valve, 3-oxygen pipeline, 4-guide rail sliding table, 5-flame spray gun, 6-stepping motor, 7-driving module, 8-fisheye lens, 9-guide rail seat, 10-heat dissipation channel, 11-main base, 12-stepping screw rod, 13-ultrasonic module, 14-guide rail, 15-guide chute and 16-vertical rod; a-acetylene flame, A-simulated fireball.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Through the research to high temperature fireball intrinsic multi-physical characteristic and the temperature of multi-pipeline injection, the relevant simulation modeling of flow field, designed high temperature fireball quasi-static analogue means, this device comprises acetylene canal 1, gas premix valve 2, oxygen pipeline 3, guide rail slip table 4, flame spray gun 5, step motor 6, drive module 7, fisheye lens 8, guide rail seat 9, (the circuit lays the space and) heat dissipation passageway 10, main base 11, step lead screw 12, ultrasonic module 13, guide rail 14 etc..
The utility model provides a quasi-static analogue means of high temperature fireball, as shown in fig. 1, 2, including main base 11, the side is 120 degrees around the main base 11 and distributes and have three mounting grooves, movable mounting has a guide rail seat 9 in every mounting groove, guide rail seat 9 can carry out the upper and lower rotation of certain angle in vertical plane for main base 11 promptly, and then the flame spray angle of adjustment flame spray gun 5, this movable mounting mode can manual regulation, also can realize through the motor is automatic, belong to current mature technical level, no longer give unnecessary details. The center of the main base 11 is provided with a heat dissipation channel 10, the heat dissipation channel 10 can be used as a circuit layout space, and a fisheye lens 8 is further arranged on the main base 11 above the heat dissipation channel 10. A guide rail 14 and step motor 6 of fixed mounting on every guide rail seat 9, step motor 6 is located the 14 ends of guide rail, install every step motor 6's drive module 7 on the main base 11, step lead screw 12 is installed along its axial to guide rail 14, step lead screw 12 tip passes through the output shaft of shaft coupling with step motor 6, it is rotatory to be driven by step motor 6, 14 surfaces of guide rail are located step lead screw 12 below and are equipped with to lead spout 15, install guide rail slip table 4 on the step lead screw 12, the guide block of 4 bottom surfaces of guide rail slip table is located direction spout 15, realize the linear motion of guide rail slip table 4. An ultrasonic module 13 for measuring the moving distance of the guide rail sliding table 4 is mounted on the stepping motor 6. The guide rail sliding table 4 is provided with a vertical rod 16, the top end of the vertical rod 16 is horizontally provided with a flame spray gun 5 (when the guide rail base 9 rotates for a certain angle relative to the main base 11, the flame spray gun 5 also rotates for a corresponding angle relative to the horizontal plane), the air inlet of the flame spray gun 5 is provided with a gas premixing valve 2, and the gas premixing valve 2 is connected with an acetylene pipeline 1 and an oxygen pipeline 3.
During assembly, the acetylene pipeline 1 and the oxygen pipeline 3 are connected to the gas premixing valve 2 and are assembled with the flame spray gun 5 on the guide rail sliding table 4, the guide rail sliding table 4 can move under the driving of the stepping screw rod 12 through the stepping motor 6, and the longitudinal height of the flame spray gun 5 is determined by the vertical rod and is positioned on the main base 1 of the device; the driving module 7, the fisheye lens 8 and the ultrasonic module 13 jointly form a control system of the device.
The feedback positioning and model autonomous control device provided by the invention sprays high-temperature fuel gas according to the nozzle center-multi-physical characteristic function relation to form a three-dimensional high-temperature flame area meeting the experiment requirement size. The actual reaction elements, element concentrations and element distribution in different types of explosion fireballs are greatly different. Aiming at any actual fireball, different elemental substances are doped in the jet combustion process according to the element types and content ratios contained in different objects to be tested in literature reports so as to realize the intrinsic element characteristic simulation of the actual explosion fireball to be tested. The main steps of the test by using the high-temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device are as follows: according to the fluid characteristics of the high-temperature fireball during combustion, a software method is adopted to carry out multiphase flow simulation, and the speed field and the temperature field of the simulated fireball are researched and simulated; forming a high-temperature fireball in space by combining software and hardware according to a simulation device to be designed; according to the characteristics of the elements in the high-temperature fireball, the concentration and distribution of the elements in the explosion fireball are simulated by adopting an element doping technology.
During the field experiment, acetylene gas is introduced into the acetylene pipeline 1 and oxygen is introduced into the oxygen pipeline 3 and mixed in the gas premixing valve 2, and the mixture is combusted at the flame spray gun 5 to form high-temperature acetylene flame a. The device internal control system controls the guide rail sliding table 4 and the guide rail seat 9 to enable the three flame spray guns 5 to form a stable high-temperature simulation fireball A meeting experimental requirements above the circuit layout space and the heat dissipation channel 10 under the positioning control of the ultrasonic module 13, and the formed fireball can be doped with elements for analysis to approach the high-temperature fireball generated in an actual explosion field.
Two sets of solutions were prepared for how the device formed a stable fireball. The main selection scheme is that the position of the three guide rail sliding tables 4 is controlled through the internal control system of the device and the feedback positioning of the ultrasonic module, so that the flame spray gun 5 meets the requirements of the experiment under the parameters set manually; the alternative is to measure the formed fireball by using the fisheye lens 8, and to correct the formed fireball by using the fisheye lens 8 when the error of the ultrasonic module is large.
The actual content of the elements in the explosion fireball is complex, and the distribution of the reaction elements, the concentration of the elements and the elements in different types of explosion fireballs are greatly different. Generally, explosives contain C, H, O, but different contents of Al, Mg, N, etc. may be required for different destruction efficiencies. The elements involved in the reaction are not simply a single substance and may contain different states, different fluid properties, different compound species. The invention adopts the existing element doping mode, a specific element is doped in the high-temperature fireball, the corresponding optical filter is used for collection, and the specific temperature of the fireball is analyzed through the concentration of the doped element and the corresponding excitation spectrum.
The actual explosion fireball is a gas-solid-liquid three-phase fluid environment, and the explosion fireball can be considered as a gas-solid two-phase fluid environment in ideal conditions because the liquid content is very small. Aiming at the ideal situation that an explosion fireball is a gas-solid two-phase flow, the three-dimensional regional Fluid simulation of the fireball based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and a two-dimensional cross-sectional view showing the simulation result of an internal temperature field are provided abroad. When a simulation model is designed, a physical field can be configured according to an actual environment, and fluid components in the fireball can be assumed according to actual fireball components, so that a simulation result which is closer to a real situation is realized.
The invention adopts the existing simulation modeling to simulate the combustion and adopts a solver of a pressure method to calculate the steady state. And in the calculation process, activating an energy model, selecting a standard k-model for a turbulence model, selecting a standard wall function, and considering one-step reaction. And (3) solving the simulation of combustion by using a pressure method, namely solving a Navier-Stokes equation by using a pressure correction method:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,uis a field of speed, and is,pis the pressure of the gas to be heated,Fis the stress of the turbulent flow and is,Iis a degree of freedom that is a function of,Tis the temperature of the liquid to be measured in absolute terms,ρis the density.
By assuming a pressure field, the momentum dispersion equation is solved by using the assumed pressure field, and the speed of the corresponding point in the pressure field is obtained. The pressure field is improved by using a mass conservation equation, so that the velocity field in the pressure field can satisfy a continuity equation, namely a Navier-Stokes equation.
According to the simulation modeling method, the states of 3 groups of nozzles are firstly analyzed, and the simulation of forming a fireball temperature field by spraying the guide rail under different position conditions can be realized by respectively carrying out multiple times of simulation through changing the radius of a cylindrical airspace, so that the appearance, the temperature distribution condition and the control effect of the fireball generated by the nozzles at different positions are explored. Different diameters of the cylindrical areas are set, simulation is carried out when the diameters are 500mm, 600mm and 700mm respectively, and fluid simulation results of the nozzles at different intervals are obtained as shown in (figures 4a, 4b and 4 c), (figures 5a and 5 b) and (figures 6a, 6b and 6 c). It can be seen that a fireball of a spatial dimension has been initially formed with a diameter of 500mm, and that a fireball of a spatial dimension has not been particularly pronounced or even spatially stabilized for the fluid formed with diameters of 600mm and 700 mm.
According to the invention, through the fluid characteristics of flames, according to turbulence heat transfer simulation, the standard RANS equation is adopted for analysis, and the velocity field and the temperature field formed when the flames of three groups of spray guns are combusted are simulated, so that the feasibility of the design of a simulation device is verified. When the boundary condition is set, the inlet is set as a pressure inlet with the size of 1MPa, and the outlet is a pressure outlet with the atmospheric pressure. The other boundary condition is wall. The pressure-velocity coupling mode uses simple, and the relaxation factor is a default value. It can be clearly seen that as shown in fig. 7, the simulated velocity field well reflects the state of the fireball when it is formed, the velocity of the center of the fireball is close to 110 m/s; for the temperature field, as shown in fig. 8, the simulation reproduces the situation that the spray guns are staggered under actual operation, and the maximum temperature of the formed fireball can reach about 1940K.
The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve substantially the same technical problems or achieve substantially the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high temperature fireball quasi-static analogue means which characterized in that: including main base (11), the equipartition has three guide rail seat (9) around main base (11), installs a guide rail (14) and step motor (6) on every guide rail seat (9), install drive module (7) of every step motor (6) on main base (11), step lead screw (12) are installed along its axial in guide rail (14), step lead screw (12) tip is connected with step motor (6), guide rail (14) surface is located step lead screw (12) below and is equipped with direction spout (15), install guide rail slip table (4) on step lead screw (12), the guide block of guide rail slip table (4) bottom surface is located direction spout (15), install ultrasonic module (13) that are used for measuring guide rail slip table (4) displacement on step motor (6), be equipped with pole setting (16) on guide rail slip table (4), the flame spray gun is characterized in that a flame spray gun (5) is horizontally arranged at the top end of the vertical rod (16), a gas premixing valve (2) is arranged at a gas inlet of the flame spray gun (5), and the gas premixing valve (2) is connected with an acetylene pipeline (1) and an oxygen pipeline (3).
2. A high temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device as in claim 1, wherein: the center of the main base (11) is provided with a heat dissipation channel (10).
3. A high temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device as in claim 2, wherein: and a fisheye lens (8) is arranged above the heat dissipation channel (10) on the main base (11).
4. A high temperature fireball quasi-static simulation device as in claim 1, wherein: the guide rail seat (9) is movably arranged in an installation groove of the main base (11), and the guide rail seat (9) can rotate up and down relative to the main base (11).
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