CN210069249U - Ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe network - Google Patents
Ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210069249U CN210069249U CN201920103237.0U CN201920103237U CN210069249U CN 210069249 U CN210069249 U CN 210069249U CN 201920103237 U CN201920103237 U CN 201920103237U CN 210069249 U CN210069249 U CN 210069249U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hose
- telescopic link
- lifting rod
- pipeline
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a this topic relates to the prosthetic construction field of municipal works underground pipe network, concretely relates to underground pipe network ultraviolet curing restores construction equipment, first inspection shaft and upper reaches pipeline portion are linked together, second junction well and the upper portion of one side end of clearance pipeline are linked together, third junction well and the upper portion of the other side end of clearance pipeline are linked together, fourth inspection shaft and lower reaches pipeline upper portion are linked together, be provided with first stifled water gasbag between upper reaches pipeline and clearance pipeline one end, be provided with second stifled water gasbag between the other end of lower reaches pipeline and clearance pipeline; second hookup well one side is provided with the restoration hose and puts into device and restoration hose pull-in device, hose one end with pull steel wire one end fixed connection, restore the hose pull-in device and set up in third hookup well one side, restore the fixed hoist engine that is provided with in hose pull-in device upper portion one side, the hoist engine is connected and is pulled the steel wire, the utility model has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, realization hose that can be fine pulls in the clearance pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a this topic relates to the prosthetic construction field of municipal works underground pipe network, concretely relates to underground pipe network ultraviolet curing restores construction equipment.
Background
The traditional pipeline repairing mode is mostly repaired by adopting a pipeline rebuilding mode, the pipeline rebuilding is difficult in the current urban environment, particularly in dense areas of buildings, large-scale equipment required by excavation is required, secondary pollution caused by rebuilding is caused, the updating and the waste of pipeline materials are not in accordance with the requirements of the current municipal engineering, the process flow is backward, the pipeline is generally subjected to pavement breaking-pipeline excavation-pipeline replacement-pipe ditch backfilling, and a locally damaged pipe section needs to be removed in a whole pipe manner in the construction process, so that the engineering quantity is large, the cost is high, and the efficiency is low. To a certain extent, the traditional pipeline rebuilding mode is not suitable for the requirement of urban underground pipeline restoration at the present stage.
The main pipe of the current situation of the underground pipe network is characterized in that due to the fact that earth surface load changes, underground water and soil loss, pipeline corrosion, degradation of pipeline materials, aging period and the like, structural defects occur, operation of the pipeline is affected, hidden dangers need to be solved, traditional rebuilding shows obvious limitations and shortcomings, the problems of environment, traffic and the like caused by excavation repairing can be effectively solved by adopting non-excavation repairing, road surface excavation is greatly reduced, capital investment is saved, repairing of a drainage pipeline is completed under the condition that influence on the surrounding environment is minimal, and the performance of the repaired pipeline can basically meet the design requirements of a newly-built pipeline.
The ultraviolet curing technique is one of in-situ curing techniques. In the repairing process, the glass fiber permeated with resin is pulled into the pipeline to be repaired from an inspection wellhead through professional personnel and special equipment, pipe orifices at two ends are closed, compressed air is filled in the glass fiber lining pipe, and then the ultraviolet vehicle automatic control equipment is adopted for irradiation. The method can achieve the aim of repairing the pipeline by only using 3-4 hours under strict control, finally seals and cuts off two ends of the glass fiber pipe, and the section of the pipeline can be normally filled with water, and comprises the steps of pipeline plugging → plugging and drainage → pipeline pretreatment → laying of a liner → placing of a fiber pipe → installation of a tie head → installation of an air pipe → air pressing → ultraviolet curing → port treatment → acceptance and transfer and the like.
The fiber tube is placed into the pipeline without special equipment in the process of placing the fiber tube, and the efficiency of placing the fiber tube into the pipeline is low.
Based on the above prior art, the applicant has made a long-lasting and useful search and trial and error, and has conducted a non-limited number of experiments, and finally found a solution to the above technical problem and formed a solution as will be described below.
Disclosure of Invention
For solving the problem of prior art, the utility model provides an underground pipe network ultraviolet curing restores construction equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an underground pipe network ultraviolet curing repair construction device comprises a first inspection well, a second connection well, a third connection well, a fourth inspection well, an upstream pipeline, a cleaning pipeline, a downstream pipeline, a first water plugging air bag and a second water plugging air bag, wherein the first inspection well is communicated with the upstream pipeline, the second connection well is communicated with the upper part of one side end of the cleaning pipeline, the third connection well is communicated with the upper part of the other side end of the cleaning pipeline, the fourth inspection well is communicated with the upper part of the downstream pipeline, the first water plugging air bag is arranged between the upstream pipeline and one end of the cleaning pipeline, and the second water plugging air bag is arranged between the downstream pipeline and the other end of the cleaning pipeline;
the device comprises a first connecting well, a second connecting well, a repair hose placing device, a repair hose drawing-in device, a storage box, a hose, a traction steel wire, a repair hose drawing-in device, a winch, a traction steel wire and a cleaning pipeline, wherein the repair hose placing device and the repair hose drawing-in device are arranged on one side of the second connecting well, the repair hose placing device is provided with the storage box, the hose is placed in the storage box, one end of the hose is fixedly connected with one end of the traction steel wire, the repair hose drawing-in device is arranged on one side of the third connecting well, the repair hose drawing-in device is consistent in structure and corresponds to.
The device for placing the repaired hose comprises a placing base, a base connecting rod, a hose placing platform, a placing roller, a lifting telescopic rod, a placing telescopic rod and a placing assembly, wherein the placing base is a rectangular metal plate, the base connecting rod is fixed in the middle of the placing base, the base connecting rod is in the shape of a round rod, the hose placing platform is hinged to the upper portion of the base connecting rod and is rectangular, a storage box is fixedly arranged at one end of the upper portion of the hose placing platform, the storage box is in a wooden box structure, a roller frame is arranged at the other end of the upper portion of the hose placing platform, the roller frame is in the shape of a reversed U-shaped door, the placing roller is arranged in the roller frame through a roller shaft, the lifting telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the;
the lifting telescopic link includes the lifting rod, go up the lifting rod hole, lift the lifting rod and lower lifting rod hole down, it is hollow tubulose with lower lifting rod to go up the lifting rod, it is less than lifting rod diameter down to go up the lifting rod diameter, it adorns in lifting rod under in to go up the lifting rod suit, it has seted up the lifting rod hole to go up the lifting rod lateral wall from last to evenly lining up down, lower lifting rod lateral wall has seted up lifting rod hole down from last to evenly lining up down, lower lifting rod hole and last lifting rod hole match and correspond the setting, lifting rod pin passes lifting rod hole and last lifting rod hole down simultaneously.
Transfer the telescopic link and transfer the telescopic link including the top, the telescopic link hole is transferred on the top, the telescopic link is transferred to the top, the telescopic link hole is transferred at the end, the telescopic link is transferred on the top and the telescopic link that underneath is the cavity tubulose, the telescopic link diameter is less than the telescopic link diameter that underneath, the telescopic link suit is transferred on the top in the telescopic link that underneath, the telescopic link lateral wall is transferred on the top has seted up the top from last to evenly lining up down and has transferred the telescopic link hole, the telescopic link hole is transferred to the bottom from last to evenly lining up down to offering of underneath to the telescopic link lateral wall, telescopic link hole and the telescopic link hole matching of underneath are corresponding the setting under the top, transfer the telescopic link pin and pass the top simultaneously and transfer.
Transfer the subassembly including transferring the connecting rod, transferring link and bottom gyro wheel, the telescopic link bottom one side of underneath putting is fixed with transfers the connecting rod, transfers connecting rod one end and transfers link fixed connection, transfers the link and is "[" form, transfers to be provided with the bottom gyro wheel between the link, draws the steel wire to pass and transfers the winding process bottom gyro wheel behind the link.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the utility model has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, realization hose that can be fine draws in the clearance pipeline in, puts into the device and restores the hose and draw in the realization that the device can be fine through restoring the hose and drawing in the regulation of in-process angle and position to the hose, has improved accuracy and efficiency that the hose laid in the clearance pipeline.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from a reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure at B in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided only for illustrating the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an ultraviolet light curing repair construction device for underground pipe network comprises a first inspection well 21, a second connection well 22, a third connection well 23, a fourth inspection well 24, an upstream pipeline 31, a cleaning pipeline 32, a downstream pipeline 33, a first water plugging air bag 61 and a second water plugging air bag 62, wherein the first inspection well 21 is communicated with the upper part of the upstream pipeline 31, the second connection well 22 is communicated with the upper part of one side end of the cleaning pipeline 32, the third connection well 23 is communicated with the upper part of the other side end of the cleaning pipeline 32, the fourth inspection well 24 is communicated with the upper part of the downstream pipeline 33, the first water plugging air bag 61 is arranged between the upstream pipeline 31 and one end of the cleaning pipeline 32, the second water plugging air bag 62 is arranged between the downstream pipeline 33 and the other end of the cleaning pipeline 32, a repair hose placing device 4 and a repair hose drawing device 5 are arranged on one side of the second connection well 22, a storage tank 44 is arranged on the repair hose placing device 4, the hose 40 is placed in the storage box 44, one end of the hose 40 is fixedly connected with one end of the traction steel wire 51, the repair hose drawing-in device 5 is arranged on one side of the third junction well 23, the repair hose drawing-in device 5 and the repair hose drawing-in device 4 are consistent in structure and correspondingly distributed, a winch 52 is fixedly arranged on one side of the upper portion of the repair hose drawing-in device 5, the winch 52 is connected with the traction steel wire 51, the traction steel wire 51 sequentially penetrates through the third junction well 23, the cleaning pipeline 32 and the second junction well 22 and is fixedly connected with the hose 40, the repair hose drawing-in device 4 comprises a placing base 41, a base connecting rod 42, a hose placing platform 43, a lowering roller 45, a lifting telescopic rod 46, a lowering telescopic rod 47 and a lowering assembly 48, the placing base 41 is a rectangular metal plate, the base 41 is a rectangular metal plate with certain weight and is prevented from shifting in the using process, the base connecting rod 42 is in a round rod shape, the upper portion of the base connecting rod 42 is hinged and connected with a hose placing platform 43, the hose placing platform 43 is in a rectangular shape, one end of the upper portion of the hose placing platform 43 is fixedly provided with a storage box 44, the storage box 44 is in a wooden box structure, one side of the specific storage box 44 is provided with an opening 441, when the hose placing platform is used, the hose 40 is placed in the storage box 44 and then pulled out, the other end of the upper portion of the hose placing platform 43 is provided with a roller frame 431, the roller frame 431 is in a reversed U-shaped shape, a downward roller 45 is arranged in the roller frame 431 through a roller shaft 451, the downward roller 45 can roll in the roller frame 431, one side of the bottom of the hose placing platform 43 is fixedly provided with a lifting telescopic; the lifting telescopic rod 46 comprises an upper lifting rod 461, an upper lifting rod hole 4611, a lower lifting rod 462 and a lower lifting rod hole 4621, the upper lifting rod 461 and the lower lifting rod 462 are both hollow tubular, the diameter of the upper lifting rod 461 is smaller than that of the lower lifting rod 462, the upper lifting rod 461 is sleeved in the lower lifting rod 462, the side wall of the upper lifting rod 461 is uniformly provided with upper lifting rod holes 4611 in a penetrating manner from top to bottom, the side wall of the lower lifting rod 462 is uniformly provided with lower lifting rod holes 4621 in a penetrating manner from top to bottom, the lower lifting rod holes 4621 and the upper lifting rod holes 4611 are correspondingly matched, and a lifting rod pin 463 simultaneously penetrates through the lower lifting rod holes 4621 and the upper lifting rod holes 4611. The lowering telescopic rod 47 comprises a top lowering telescopic rod 471, a top lowering telescopic rod hole 4711, a bottom lowering telescopic rod 472 and a bottom lowering telescopic rod hole 4721, the top lowering telescopic rod 471 and the bottom lowering telescopic rod 472 are both hollow tubular, the diameter of the top lowering telescopic rod 471 is smaller than that of the bottom lowering telescopic rod 472, the top lowering telescopic rod 471 is sleeved in the bottom lowering telescopic rod 472, the side wall of the top lowering telescopic rod 471 is uniformly provided with a top lowering telescopic rod hole 4711 through from top to bottom, the side wall of the bottom lowering telescopic rod 472 is provided with a bottom lowering telescopic rod hole 4721 through from top to bottom, the top lowering telescopic rod hole 4711 and the bottom lowering telescopic rod hole 4721 are matched and arranged correspondingly, a lowering telescopic rod 473 simultaneously passes through the top lowering telescopic rod hole 4711 and the bottom lowering telescopic rod hole 4721, the lowering assembly 48 comprises a lowering connecting rod, a lower connecting frame 482 and a bottom roller 483, one side of the bottom lowering telescopic rod 472 is fixed with a connecting rod 481, transfer connecting rod 481 one end and transfer link 482 fixed connection, transfer link 482 and be "[" form, transfer and be provided with bottom gyro wheel 483 between the link 482, the traction wire 51 passes and twines behind transfer link 482 through bottom gyro wheel 483.
The hose 40 is a glass fiber-lined hose (as shown in table one, short term mechanical property requirements and test methods for the glass fiber-containing lined hose).
| Flexural Strength (MPa) | ＞45 | Method for testing bending property of fiber reinforced plastic GB/T1449 |
| Flexural modulus (MPa) | ＞6500 | Method for testing bending property of fiber reinforced plastic GB/T1449 |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | ＞62 | Determination of tensile Properties of plastics part 4: test conditions for Isotropic and orthotropic fiber-reinforced composites GB/T1040.4 |
Watch 1
1) when the hose is pulled in, the hose is slowly pulled in the original pipeline, and the pulling speed is not more than 5 m/min;
2) the hose is prevented from being abraded or scratched in the process of pulling the hose;
3) the axial stretching rate of the hose is not more than 2%;
4) the two ends of the hose are 300-600 mm longer than the original pipeline;
5) after the hose is pulled into the original pipeline, the hose is preferably folded and placed on the cushion membrane.
When the hose storage platform is used, the hose 40 is connected with the traction steel wire 51, the lifting telescopic rod 46 is adjusted to enable the hose storage platform 43 to be adjusted to a proper inclination, the lowering telescopic rod 47 is adjusted to enable the lowering component 48 to be aligned with one end of the cleaning pipeline 32, the repair hose drawing-in device 5 is adjusted according to conditions, the traction steel wire 51 is enabled to be in a proper angle and position including drawing-in and drawing-in of the hose 40 behind the traction steel wire 51, the winch 52 is started to pull the traction steel wire 51 to move, the traction steel wire 51 pulls the hose 40 to enter the cleaning pipeline 32 and then is rolled up by the winch 52 under the effect of the repair hose drawing-in device 5, and the hose.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an underground pipe network ultraviolet curing restores construction equipment which characterized in that: the first inspection well is communicated with the upstream pipeline part, the second connection well is communicated with the upper part of one side end of the cleaning pipeline, the third connection well is communicated with the upper part of the other side end of the cleaning pipeline, the fourth inspection well is communicated with the upper part of the downstream pipeline, the first water plugging air bag is arranged between the upstream pipeline and one end of the cleaning pipeline, and the second water plugging air bag is arranged between the downstream pipeline and the other end of the cleaning pipeline;
the device comprises a first connecting well, a second connecting well, a repair hose placing device, a repair hose drawing-in device, a storage box, a hose, a traction steel wire, a repair hose drawing-in device, a winch, a traction steel wire and a cleaning pipeline, wherein the repair hose placing device and the repair hose drawing-in device are arranged on one side of the second connecting well, the repair hose placing device is provided with the storage box, the hose is placed in the storage box, one end of the hose is fixedly connected with one end of the traction steel wire, the repair hose drawing-in device is arranged on one side of the third connecting well, the repair hose drawing-in device is consistent in structure and corresponds to.
2. The ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe networks according to claim 1, wherein: the device is put into including putting into the base to the restoration hose, the base connecting rod, hose place the platform, transfer the gyro wheel, the lifting telescopic link, transfer the telescopic link and transfer the subassembly, it is the rectangle metal sheet to put into the base, it is fixed with the base connecting rod to put into the base middle part, the base connecting rod is the round bar shape, the articulated hose place the platform that is connected with in base connecting rod upper portion, hose place the platform is the rectangle form, the fixed storage box that is provided with of hose place the platform upper portion one end, the storage box is the wooden case structure, the hose place the platform upper portion other end is provided with gyro wheel frame, gyro wheel frame is "pi" form, it sets up in gyro wheel frame through the gyro wheel axle to transfer the gyro wheel, the fixed lifting telescopic link that is provided.
3. The ultraviolet curing repair construction device for the underground pipe network as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the lifting telescopic link includes the lifting rod, go up the lifting rod hole, lift the lifting rod and lower lifting rod hole down, it is hollow tubulose with lower lifting rod to go up the lifting rod, it is less than lifting rod diameter down to go up the lifting rod diameter, it adorns in lifting rod under in to go up the lifting rod suit, it has seted up the lifting rod hole to go up the lifting rod lateral wall from last to evenly lining up down, lower lifting rod lateral wall has seted up lifting rod hole down from last to evenly lining up down, lower lifting rod hole and last lifting rod hole match and correspond the setting, lifting rod pin passes lifting rod hole and last lifting rod hole down simultaneously.
4. The ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe networks according to claim 3, wherein: transfer the telescopic link and transfer the telescopic link including the top, the telescopic link hole is transferred on the top, the telescopic link is transferred to the top, the telescopic link hole is transferred at the end, the telescopic link is transferred on the top and the telescopic link that underneath is the cavity tubulose, the telescopic link diameter is less than the telescopic link diameter that underneath, the telescopic link suit is transferred on the top in the telescopic link that underneath, the telescopic link lateral wall is transferred on the top has seted up the top from last to evenly lining up down and has transferred the telescopic link hole, the telescopic link hole is transferred to the bottom from last to evenly lining up down to offering of underneath to the telescopic link lateral wall, telescopic link hole and the telescopic link hole matching of underneath are corresponding the setting under the top, transfer the telescopic link pin and pass the top simultaneously and transfer.
5. The ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe networks according to claim 4, wherein: transfer the subassembly including transferring the connecting rod, transferring link and bottom gyro wheel, the telescopic link bottom one side of underneath putting is fixed with transfers the connecting rod, transfers connecting rod one end and transfers link fixed connection, transfers the link and is "[" form, transfers to be provided with the bottom gyro wheel between the link, draws the steel wire to pass and transfers the winding process bottom gyro wheel behind the link.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920103237.0U CN210069249U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe network |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920103237.0U CN210069249U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe network |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210069249U true CN210069249U (en) | 2020-02-14 |
Family
ID=69424778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920103237.0U Active CN210069249U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe network |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210069249U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112762269A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-07 | 江西省地质工程(集团)公司 | Construction method for repairing underground pipeline |
| CN114857402A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江景迈环境科技有限公司 | Non-excavation type UV curing pipeline repairing equipment and repairing process thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-01-22 CN CN201920103237.0U patent/CN210069249U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112762269A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-07 | 江西省地质工程(集团)公司 | Construction method for repairing underground pipeline |
| CN114857402A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江景迈环境科技有限公司 | Non-excavation type UV curing pipeline repairing equipment and repairing process thereof |
| CN114857402B (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江景迈环境科技有限公司 | Non-excavation type UV curing pipeline repairing equipment and repairing process thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110735992A (en) | CIPP ultraviolet curing repair construction method | |
| CN210069249U (en) | Ultraviolet curing repair construction device for underground pipe network | |
| CN107859141B (en) | Modification method for upstream sewage pipeline of sewage station of nuclear power plant | |
| CN204922375U (en) | Roof pressure formula pipeline inside lining repair system | |
| CN108612910B (en) | Construction method for installing T-shaped nodular cast iron pipe | |
| CN106195441A (en) | A kind of non-excavation type integral restoration method being applicable to rainwater connecting leg | |
| CN111287095A (en) | Special construction method for main beam of lower-towing super-large bridge | |
| CN106088293A (en) | A kind of small-bore sewage conduct restorative procedure | |
| CN112524390A (en) | Municipal pipeline UV lining method in-situ curing repair construction method | |
| KR101847131B1 (en) | Medium and large diameter pipeline inner diameter around the president and grout repair and reinforcement | |
| CN102426084A (en) | Non-metal pipeline hydraulic pressure seepage verifying attachment | |
| CN105042272A (en) | Jacking and pressing type repairing system for pipeline lining | |
| KR101607525B1 (en) | Method for repairing partially broken and cracked underground pipe with water blocking and impurities cleaning process | |
| CN110985808A (en) | Drainage pipeline steel hoop repairing construction method | |
| CN111765320A (en) | Pipeline repairing device | |
| CN106245983B (en) | The hydraulic pressure pole type installation method of compound polyurethane material electric pole | |
| CN114215994A (en) | Pipeline repairing construction method | |
| CN113958795A (en) | Non-excavation ultraviolet curing repair construction method for pipeline | |
| CN110029714A (en) | Engineering drainage pipeline mounting device | |
| EP2779336B1 (en) | Laying of cables or other linear payloads | |
| CN113503420A (en) | Lining hose traction device for trenchless pipeline repair engineering and construction method | |
| KR101003467B1 (en) | Non-excavation repairing apparatus for long section of sewer pipe using carriage and packer and methods for the same | |
| CN215759529U (en) | Municipal administration rain sewage pipeline desilting system | |
| CN216520285U (en) | Traction device is restoreed to non-excavation pipeline inside lining | |
| CN215596723U (en) | Lining hose traction device for trenchless pipeline repair engineering |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |