CN210054129U

CN210054129U - Irrigation equipment based on crop growth cycle water use characteristic

Info

Publication number: CN210054129U
Application number: CN201920687172.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宝忠; 陈鹤; 杜丽娟; 魏征; 彭致功; 蔡甲冰
Original assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
Current assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
Priority date: 2019-05-13
Filing date: 2019-05-13
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses an irrigation device based on the water use characteristics of the crop growth cycle, which comprises a reservoir, a machine room and a drip irrigation belt arranged on the ground surface of the field; a flexible solar panel electrically connected with a storage battery in the machine room is laid on the roof of the machine room; a water pump and a PLC integrated machine are placed in the machine room, a water inlet pipe connected with the input end of the water pump extends to the bottom of the reservoir, and a spherical filter screen is installed at the end part of the water inlet pipe, which is positioned in the reservoir; a water outlet pipe connected with the output end of the water pump is connected with a pipe joint, a main water pipe of the drip irrigation tape is fixedly connected with the pipe joint, and a flow meter is arranged on the water outlet pipe; a plurality of soil moisture sensors are buried at a set depth in the field within the crop planting range; the water pump is connected with the storage battery and the mains supply through a control switch respectively, the electric quantity sensor is connected with the storage battery and the PLC all-in-one machine respectively, and the soil moisture sensor, the float type water level gauge, the control switch, the electromagnetic valve and the water pump are connected with the PLC all-in-one machine.

Description

Irrigation equipment based on crop growth cycle water use characteristic

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural irrigation technique, concretely relates to irrigation equipment based on crop growth cycle water characteristic.

Background

The water content plays an important role in the growth of crops, however, the water demand of different crops in each growth period has a large difference, and the rainfall of the outside world in the whole growth period of the crops only accounts for about one fourth of the water demand.

At present, when crops are irrigated in China, sprinkling irrigation and micro irrigation (drip irrigation, micro sprinkling irrigation, small pipe outflow irrigation and infiltrating irrigation) are mainly adopted, and the two irrigation modes are generally that irrigation equipment is started manually according to weather conditions to irrigate or the irrigation equipment is automatically started to irrigate at set time intervals.

Because the water demand of crops in different growth periods is different, the problems that water is wasted due to too much water irrigation in a certain period and insufficient irrigation due to large water demand in a certain growth period exist in each quantitative irrigation, namely the water demand of each growth period of the accurate crops cannot be met due to the fact that the water demand of the existing spray irrigation and micro-irrigation is fixed, and the irrigation effect is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to the above-mentioned among the prior art, the utility model provides an irrigation equipment based on crop growth cycle water characteristic can realize accurate watering according to the water demand of soil moisture and every growth period of crop.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the irrigation device comprises a reservoir, a machine room and a drip irrigation tape arranged on the ground surface of the field; a flexible solar cell panel is laid on the roof of the machine room and is electrically connected with a storage battery in the machine room through a solar controller;

the top of the impounding reservoir is connected with an arc-shaped plastic cover through a pull rope, and the diameter of the arc-shaped plastic cover is 1cm smaller than that of the impounding reservoir; a check ring which is protruded upwards and is 1cm high is arranged at the edge of one circle of the arc-shaped plastic cover; a float type water level meter is arranged in the reservoir;

a water pump and a PLC (programmable logic controller) all-in-one machine which stores water requirements of crops in each growth stage, crop planting dates and date ranges corresponding to the crops in each growth stage are arranged in the machine room, a water inlet pipe connected with the input end of the water pump extends to the bottom of the water storage tank, and a spherical filter screen is arranged at the end part of the water inlet pipe positioned in the water storage tank;

a pipe joint is connected on a water outlet pipe connected with the output end of the water pump, a main water pipe of the drip irrigation tape is fixedly connected with the pipe joint, a flowmeter is installed on the water outlet pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is installed at the connecting end of the main water pipe and the pipe joint; a plurality of soil moisture sensors are buried at a set depth in the field within the crop planting range;

the water pump is connected with the storage battery and the mains supply through a control switch respectively, the electric quantity sensor is connected with the storage battery and the PLC all-in-one machine respectively, and the soil moisture sensor, the float type water level gauge, the control switch, the solar controller, the electromagnetic valve and the water pump are connected with the PLC all-in-one machine.

The utility model has the advantages that: when the technical scheme is used for irrigating crops, the PLC all-in-one machine can determine the growth stage of the crops according to the current date and the date range corresponding to each growth stage of the crops, and then reads the water demand of the crops at the corresponding stage according to the growth stage; the PLC all-in-one can confirm actual watering volume according to the water demand and the moisture that soil moisture sensor gathered, and the restart water pump and flowmeter intercombination realize accurate watering to ensure that crops all have sufficient water source at every growth stage, in order to reach the best growth state, with the output that finally improves crops.

The arc-shaped plastic cover can prevent large particle impurities from entering the water storage tank and entering the water suction pump to influence the service life of the water pump blade; the size of the arc-shaped plastic cover is set, so that rainwater can be ensured to sequentially enter the water storage tank, and meanwhile, the evaporation speed of water in the water storage tank can be slowed down; the retaining ring and the size thereof are arranged, so that large granular impurities sliding down along with rainwater can be blocked while the rainwater can smoothly enter the water storage tank.

The mutual combination of two control switches and PLC all-in-one can switch the power supply mode of water pump when battery electric quantity is not enough to guarantee the normal watering of crops.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-using characteristic irrigation device based on a crop growth cycle.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the stent.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a drip irrigation tape.

Wherein, 1, a water reservoir; 11. pulling a rope; 12. an arc-shaped plastic cover; 121. a retainer ring; 122. pulling a rope; 2. A machine room; 21. a flexible solar panel; 22. a storage battery; 23. a water pump; 24. a water inlet pipe; 241. a spherical filter screen; 25. a water outlet pipe; 251. a pipe joint; 252. a flow meter; 253. an electromagnetic valve; 26. a PLC all-in-one machine; 3. a drip irrigation tape; 31. a main water pipe; 4. a shower pipe; 5. a main pipeline; 6. a support; 61. a base; 611. a claw; 62. a telescopic rod.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the irrigation device based on the water use characteristics of the crop growth cycle in the scheme comprises a water reservoir 1, a machine room 2 and a drip irrigation tape 3 arranged on the surface of a field; a flexible solar cell panel 21 is paved on the roof of the machine room 2, and the flexible solar cell panel 21 is electrically connected with a storage battery 22 in the machine room 2 through a solar controller.

The top of the water storage tank 1 is connected with an arc-shaped plastic cover 12 through a pull rope 11, and the diameter of the arc-shaped plastic cover 12 is 1cm smaller than that of the water storage tank 1; a retaining ring 121 which protrudes upwards and is 1cm high is arranged at the edge of one circle of the arc-shaped plastic cover 12; a float type water level meter is arranged in the reservoir 1.

The arc-shaped plastic cover 12 can prevent large-particle impurities from entering the reservoir 1 and entering the water pump 23 to influence the service life of blades of the water pump 23; the size of the arc-shaped plastic cover 12 is set, so that rainwater can be ensured to sequentially enter the water storage tank 1, and meanwhile, the evaporation speed of water in the water storage tank 1 can be slowed down; the setting of retaining ring 121 and its size can guarantee that the rainwater can block the large granule impurity that slides down along with the rainwater again when getting into cistern 1 smoothly.

In practice, the upper surface of the arc-shaped plastic cover 12 is preferably provided with a white reflective coating. The arrangement of the white reflecting coating can further slow down the evaporation speed of the water in the reservoir 1.

The water pump 23 and the PLC integrated machine 26 which is internally stored with water demand and crop planting date of each growth stage of crops and date range corresponding to each growth stage of crops are placed in the machine room 2, the water inlet pipe 24 connected with the input end of the water pump 23 extends to the bottom of the water storage tank 1, and the end part of the water inlet pipe 24 positioned in the water storage tank 1 is provided with the spherical filter screen 241.

The spherical filter screen 241 can block small particle impurities and crushed blades entering the reservoir to prevent the substances from entering the water pump 23 to affect the service life of the water pump blades.

A pipe joint 251 is connected to a water outlet pipe 25 connected to the output end of the water pump 23, a main water pipe 31 of the drip irrigation tape 3 (the schematic diagram of the drip irrigation tape 3 can refer to fig. 4) is fixedly connected to the pipe joint 251, a flow meter 252 is installed on the water outlet pipe 25, and an electromagnetic valve 253 is installed at the connection end of the main water pipe 31 and the pipe joint 251; a plurality of soil moisture sensors are buried at a set depth in the field in the crop planting range.

The water pump 23 is respectively connected with the storage battery 22 and the commercial power through a control switch, the electric quantity sensor is respectively connected with the storage battery and the PLC all-in-one machine, and the soil moisture sensor, the float type water level gauge, the control switch, the solar controller, the electromagnetic valve 253 and the water pump 23 are all connected with the PLC all-in-one machine 26. The soil moisture sensor is a TDR-3 soil moisture sensor; the float type water level meter is a WFH-2A type float type water level meter; the model of the flowmeter is SG-NZ-KD1, and the electric quantity sensor is an RCS07D open-loop Hall current sensor.

When the method is implemented, a plurality of first temperature sensors are buried at a set depth in the field within the preferable crop planting range; the first temperature sensor is connected with the PLC all-in-one machine 26.

First temperature sensor and PLC all-in-one 26 mutually combine, can avoid discovering the crop lack of water and direct watering on the daytime of high temperature, the soil that appears the high temperature and the water contact damage crop root appear.

The irrigation device also comprises a plurality of spray pipes 4 arranged in the field, and all the spray pipes 4 are connected with a main pipeline 5 buried in the soil; the pipe joint 251 is a three-way pipe, one water outlet of the pipe joint is connected with the main water pipe 31, and the other water outlet of the pipe joint is connected with the main pipe 5; the electromagnetic valve 253 connected with the PLC integrated machine 26 is installed at the connecting end of the main pipeline 5 and the water outlet.

4 settings backs of shower for watering device can drip irrigation crops and also can spray crops, can carry out the nimble switching of watering mode according to the crops of planting in different seasons like this.

As shown in fig. 2, the irrigation device of the scheme further comprises a plurality of second temperature sensors which are uniformly distributed among crops through brackets 6 and are communicated with the PLC all-in-one machine 26. As shown in fig. 3, the bracket 6 comprises a base 61 and a telescopic rod 62 fixed on the base 61, and each second temperature sensor is mounted at the top end of the telescopic rod 62; the base 61 has a plurality of claws 611 mounted to the bottom thereof.

Through the mutual combination of the spray pipe 4, the second temperature sensor and the PLC all-in-one machine 26, when the air temperature is higher, the air in the environment where crops are located can be cooled, so that the soil environment and the air environment where the crops are located are both in the optimal growth state of the crops. The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both of the type WRM-101.

Because the height of crops is different in different growth stages, the height of the telescopic rod 62 can be adjusted manually when the crops grow to the next growth stage by arranging the telescopic rod 62, so that the temperature collected by the second temperature sensor can reflect the air temperature of the environment where the crops are located most.

In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 62 is preferably an electric push rod connected to the battery 22 and the PLC integrated machine 26. The electric push rod can be introduced, the elongation of the electric push rod can be adjusted through the PLC integrated machine 26, manual adjustment is not needed, and the labor intensity can be reduced.

Claims

1. Irrigation equipment based on crop growth cycle water characteristic, its characterized in that: comprises a reservoir, a machine room and a drip irrigation tape arranged on the ground surface of the field; a flexible solar panel is laid on the roof of the machine room and is electrically connected with a storage battery in the machine room through a solar controller;

the top of the water storage tank is connected with an arc-shaped plastic cover through a pull rope, and the diameter of the arc-shaped plastic cover is 1cm smaller than that of the water storage tank; a check ring which is protruded upwards and is 1cm high is arranged at the edge of one circle of the arc-shaped plastic cover; a float type water level meter is arranged in the reservoir;

a water pump and a PLC (programmable logic controller) all-in-one machine which stores water requirements of crops in each growth stage, crop planting dates and date ranges corresponding to the crops in each growth stage are arranged in the machine room, a water inlet pipe connected with an input end of the water pump extends to the bottom of the water storage tank, and a spherical filter screen is arranged at the end part of the water inlet pipe, which is positioned in the water storage tank;

a pipe joint is connected to a water outlet pipe connected with the output end of the water pump, a main water pipe of the drip irrigation tape is fixedly connected with the pipe joint, a flowmeter is installed on the water outlet pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is installed at the connecting end of the main water pipe and the pipe joint; a plurality of soil moisture sensors are buried at a set depth in the field within the crop planting range;

2. The irrigation device of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of first temperature sensors are buried at a set depth in the field within the crop planting range; and the first temperature sensor is connected with the PLC all-in-one machine.

3. The irrigation device of claim 1, wherein: the spraying device also comprises a plurality of spraying pipes distributed in the field, and all the spraying pipes are connected with a main pipeline buried in the soil; the pipe joint is a three-way pipe, one water outlet of the pipe joint is connected with the main water pipe, and the other water outlet of the pipe joint is connected with the main pipe; and the electromagnetic valve connected with the PLC integrated machine is installed at the connecting end of the main pipeline and the water outlet.

4. The irrigation device of claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a plurality of second temperature sensors which are uniformly distributed among crops through a support and are communicated with the PLC all-in-one machine, wherein the support comprises a base and a telescopic rod fixed on the base, and each second temperature sensor is arranged at the top end of the telescopic rod; and a plurality of clamping jaws are arranged at the bottom of the base.

5. The irrigation device of claim 4, wherein: the telescopic link is the electric putter who is connected with battery and PLC all-in-one.

6. The irrigation device of claim 1, wherein: and a white light-reflecting coating is arranged on the upper surface of the arc-shaped plastic cover.