CN210054117U - Intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable field - Google Patents

Intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210054117U
CN210054117U CN201920583181.3U CN201920583181U CN210054117U CN 210054117 U CN210054117 U CN 210054117U CN 201920583181 U CN201920583181 U CN 201920583181U CN 210054117 U CN210054117 U CN 210054117U
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China
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water
pipe
pipeline
connecting rod
irrigation system
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薄录吉
李彦
高新昊
王艳芹
罗加法
井永苹
张英鹏
孙明
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108Rainwater harvesting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable fields, which comprises a water collector, a temperature sensor and a water pump; the water tank is connected with the water pump through a pipeline, a temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline, and an alarm is arranged on the temperature sensor; the pipeline is connected with the flow rate controller, one side of the slow flow pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the other side of the slow flow pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe and the flow divider; the slow flow intraductal bracing piece that is fixed with, the bracing piece rotates with the dwang to be connected, the one end of dwang rotates with the one end of first connecting rod to be connected, the other end of first connecting rod and one side fixed connection of toper stopper, the toper stopper alternates with the inlet tube to be connected, the other end of dwang rotates with the one end of second connecting rod to be connected, the other end of second connecting rod is located out the water pipe, and the second connecting rod extends to one end and the suspension ball fixed connection in the water pipe. The utility model provides an intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient eluviation can realize water-saving irrigation, reduces vegetable field nutrient eluviation, improves nutrient and water resource utilization rate.

Description

Intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable field
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an agricultural irrigation technical field especially relates to an intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient eluviation.
Background
China is also a big agricultural country, and the water consumption for agricultural irrigation accounts for about 70% of the total water resource. Among the crops grown in agricultural fields, vegetables are one of the most water-consuming crops. The irrigation mode commonly adopted in vegetable fields is flood irrigation, and the problem of serious water resource waste exists. According to investigation, in the vegetable field, one vegetable crop can use 400m of water in the whole growth process3Compared with large water flood irrigation, water can be saved by more than 42% by adopting water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation, micro-spray irrigation and the like, and the purpose of increasing the yield can be achieved. In the process of planting vegetables in open fields, water-saving irrigation such as drip irrigation and micro-sprinkling irrigation is compared with flood irrigation, water can be saved by more than 40%, labor can be effectively saved, soil hardening is avoided, the soil environment is improved, crop diseases are reduced, and the yield per mu is increased by more than 10%. However, in actual production, the problem that irrigation facilities are not matched is common, unreasonable irrigation is caused, the phenomenon of leaching of soil nutrients is aggravated, and not only is fertilizer wasted, but also underground water is polluted. Research shows that the nitrate nitrogen content in the vegetable field underground water is 13.8mg/kg on average and is 2 of that in the grain field underground water8 times, the exceeding rate of the nitrate content of the underground water is 44.8 percent, which is 3.3 times of the exceeding rate of the underground water of the grain field. Therefore, how to reduce the leaching of nutrients and improve the utilization rate of the nutrients by intelligent water-saving irrigation control under the condition of meeting the normal condition of vegetable crops is an urgent problem to be solved in the vegetable planting process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient eluviation to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, realize water-saving irrigation, reduce vegetable field nutrient eluviation, improve the utilization ratio of nutrient and water resource.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
the utility model provides an intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable fields, which comprises a water collector, a temperature sensor and a water pump; the water collector is arranged outside and comprises a collector and a water tank which are connected through a filter pipe; in the process of planting vegetables in open fields, the collector can collect and store rainwater for irrigation when the vegetables are lack of water, and in the process of planting vegetables in facilities, the collector can be closed when the greenhouse is in a closed state and cannot collect the rainwater; the water tank is connected with a first pipeline through a pipe coiling pipe on the pipe coiling device, one side of the first pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the end part of the water inlet pipe is used for connecting a water source pipe; the end part of the first pipeline is connected with a water pump, and the other end of the water pump is connected with a second pipeline; a temperature sensor is arranged on the second pipeline, and an alarm is arranged on the temperature sensor; the tail end of the second pipeline is connected with a flow rate controller, the flow rate controller comprises a slow flow pipe, a conical plug and a suspension ball, the bottom of the slow flow pipe is in threaded connection with the top of the bottom cover, one side of the slow flow pipe is connected with a water inlet pipe, the bottom of the other side of the slow flow pipe is connected with a water outlet pipe, and the tail end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a flow divider; middle part fixed mounting in the slow flow tube has the bracing piece, the middle part of bracing piece is rotated with the middle part of dwang and is connected, the one end of dwang is rotated with the one end of first connecting rod and is connected, one side fixed connection of the other end of first connecting rod and toper stopper, the toper stopper alternates with the inlet tube and is connected, the other end of dwang is rotated with the one end of second connecting rod and is connected, the other end of second connecting rod is located the outlet pipe, just the second connecting rod extends to one end and the suspension ball fixed connection in the outlet pipe.
Optionally, the water pump further comprises a humidity sensor, a controller is arranged on the humidity sensor, the controller is installed on a control valve, the control valve is located between the water pump and the water inlet pipe, and the controller is used for controlling the control valve and the water pump to be opened and closed.
Optionally, a coarse strainer layer, a coarse gravel layer and a gravel layer are sequentially arranged in the filter pipe from top to bottom; the upper part of the collector is provided with an anti-blocking net, the upper end face of the water tank is uniformly provided with evaporation holes, and two end faces of the evaporation holes are provided with isolation nets.
Optionally, the isolation net is geotextile; the thickness of the coarse gravel layer is at least 20 mm.
Optionally, the shunt is connected with a plurality of infiltration hoses, be equipped with a plurality of infiltration hose apopores on the infiltration hose, infiltration hose free end is equipped with the end shutoff.
Optionally, the device further comprises a fertilizer box, wherein the fertilizer box is connected with the first pipeline through a pipeline; and a stirrer and a liquid level sensor are arranged in the fertilizer box.
Optionally, the humidity sensor is arranged 40-50cm below the soil surface, and the irrigation is automatically stopped when water reaches the humidity sensor.
The utility model discloses for prior art gain following technological effect:
the utility model provides an intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable fields, which is provided with a rainwater collector and fully utilizes water resources; the flow velocity control equipment is in alternate connection with the water inlet pipe through the conical plug, one end of the second connecting rod, which extends into the water outlet pipe, is fixedly connected with the suspension ball, balance can be formed between the suspension ball and the conical plug, the water flow velocity is kept within a control range, and the fertilizer mixing device realizes the multi-functionalization of the irrigation device; the multifunctional irrigation system is provided with the infiltration hose and the alarm, and adopts various irrigation modes, so that comprehensive irrigation is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intelligent irrigation system for reducing leaching of nutrients in a vegetable field;
wherein, 1 is a water collector, 2 is a bottom cover, 3 is a water pump, 4 is a collector, 5 is a water tank, 6 is a first pipeline, 7 is a stirrer, 8 is a second pipeline, 9 is a temperature sensor, 10 is an alarm, 11 is a flow rate controller, 12 is a slow flow pipe, 13 is a conical plug, 14 is a suspension ball, 15 is a water inlet pipe, 16 is a water outlet pipe, 17 is a flow divider, 18 is a water seepage hose, 19 is a water seepage hose water outlet hole, 20 is a support rod, 21 is a rotating rod, 22 is a first connecting rod, 23 is a second connecting rod, 24 is a coarse strainer layer, 25 is a coarse gravel layer, 26 is a sand gravel layer, 27 is an anti-blocking net, 28 is an evaporation hole, 29 is a fertilizer tank, 30 is a pipe coiling device, 31 is a pipe coiling, 32 is a water inlet pipe, 33 is a controller, and 34 is a humidity sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims at providing an intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient eluviation to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, realize water-saving irrigation, reduce vegetable field nutrient eluviation, improve the utilization ratio of nutrient and water resource.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The utility model provides an intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable fields, as shown in figure 1, comprising a water collector 1, a temperature sensor 9 and a water pump 3; the water collector 1 comprises a collector 4 and a water tank 5 which are connected through a filter pipe; the water tank 5 is connected with the head end part of the first pipeline 6 through a reelpipe 31 positioned on the reelpipe device 30, the reelpipe 31 is wound on the reelpipe device 30, valve switches are respectively arranged at the joints of the two ends of the reelpipe 31, the water tank 5 and the first pipeline 6, so that the water path can be controlled to be switched on and off and the reelpipes 31 with different lengths can be replaced conveniently, the reelpipes 31 with different lengths can be selected according to requirements, one side of the first pipeline 6 is connected with a water inlet pipe 32, the end part of the water inlet pipe 32 is connected with a water source pipe, the water inlet pipe 32 is provided with the valve switch, and the water source pipe can provide a sufficient water source for irrigation; the tail end of the first pipeline 6 is connected with the water pump 3, a control valve is arranged between the water pump 3 and the water inlet pipe 32, the control valve is connected with a controller 33, a humidity sensor 34 is installed on the controller 33 and is arranged at a position 40-50cm below the surface of soil, when water reaches the position, the humidity sensor sends a received signal to the controller, the controller controls the valve and the water pump 3 to be closed, irrigation is automatically stopped, the controller 33 is electrically connected with the water pump 3, the controller 33 can control the opening and closing of the water pump 3 and the control valve, and the other end of the water pump 3 is connected with the second pipeline 8; a temperature sensor 9 is arranged on the second pipeline 8, and an alarm 10 is arranged on the temperature sensor 9; the tail end of the second pipeline 8 is connected with a flow rate controller 11 through a water inlet pipe 15, the flow rate controller 11 comprises a slow flow pipe 12, a conical plug 13 and a suspension ball 14, the bottom of the slow flow pipe 12 is in threaded connection with the top of the bottom cover 2, one side of the slow flow pipe 12 is connected with the water inlet pipe 15, the bottom of the other side of the slow flow pipe 12 is connected with a water outlet pipe 16, the tail end of the water outlet pipe 16 is connected with a diverter 17, the diverter 17 is connected with a plurality of water seepage hoses 18, the water seepage hoses 18 are provided with a plurality of water seepage hose water outlet; middle part fixed mounting in unhurried current pipe 12 has bracing piece 20, bracing piece 20's middle part and dwang 21's middle part are rotated and are connected, the one end of dwang 21 is rotated with first connecting rod 22's one end and is connected, first connecting rod 22's the other end and one side fixed connection of toper stopper 13, toper stopper 13 alternates with inlet tube 15 and is connected, the other end of dwang 21 rotates with the one end of second connecting rod 23 to be connected, the other end of second connecting rod 23 is located outlet pipe 16, and second connecting rod 23 extends to the one end and the 14 fixed connection of suspension ball in the outlet pipe 16.
Further preferably, a coarse screen layer 24, a coarse gravel layer 25 and a gravel layer 26 are arranged in the filter pipe from top to bottom. In the process of planting vegetables on open fields, the collector 4 has the function of collecting rainwater for irrigation when the vegetables are lack of water, in the process of planting vegetables on facilities, as the greenhouse is in a closed state and cannot collect rainwater, the collector 4 can be closed and is not used, the upper part of the collector 4 is provided with an anti-blocking net 27, the upper end surface of the water tank 5 is uniformly provided with evaporation holes 28, two end surfaces of the evaporation holes 28 are provided with isolation nets, and the isolation nets are geotextiles; the thickness of the coarse gravel layer 25 is at least 20 mm.
Be provided with siren 10 on the temperature sensor 9, the regulation of temperature in the greenhouse of alarm mainly used facility vegetable planting in-process, when the temperature was too high or was low excessively in the vegetable field, temperature sensor 9 sent the siren 10 with the signal, and siren 10 sends the alarm of different sounds, reminds operating personnel to carry out measures such as aeration cooling or tectorial membrane heating. The utility model also comprises a fertilizer box 32, the fertilizer box 32 is connected with the first pipeline 6 through a pipeline; the fertilizer box 32 is internally provided with a stirrer 7 and a liquid level sensor.
When the device works, two critical values are set for the humidity sensor 34 firstly, when the humidity sensor 34 detects that the humidity in a farmland reaches the lowest critical value, the humidity sensor transmits a signal to the controller 33, the controller 33 automatically opens the control valve, meanwhile, the controller 33 controls the water pump 3 to be started, and water flows into the water seepage pipe through a pipeline to be irrigated; when the rainwater is sufficient and the liquid level in the water tank 5 is high, the filtered rainwater is directly adopted for irrigation; when rainwater is in shortage, tap water is adopted for irrigation; when need fertilize, open the governing valve, then fertigation is carried out through the water pump to fertilizer.
Before irrigation, the utility model can artificially select water source irrigation or collected rainwater irrigation according to actual conditions, and only different valve switches need to be opened and closed, so that the selectivity is high; after the irrigation water is selected, the water pump 3 and the control valve can be automatically controlled to be opened according to the detection signal of the humidity sensor 34 for irrigation, when the irrigation water quantity meets the requirement, the humidity in the vegetable field rises, the humidity sensor reaches the highest critical value, the humidity sensor sends a signal to the controller 33, and the controller 33 automatically controls the water pump 3 and the control valve to be closed, so that irrigation is finished.
Before irrigation, the corresponding suspension ball 14 can be selected according to different requirements on water flow speed, the suspension ball 14 is fixedly connected with one end of a second connecting rod 23, a water outlet pipe 16 is screwed on, the water inlet pipe 15 and the water outlet pipe 16 are respectively communicated with an external water pipe through connecting flanges, after an external water supply mechanism is opened, water flows in from the water inlet pipe 15, the water can flush the conical plug 13, flows through a buffer chamber in the buffer flow pipe 12 and flows out through the water outlet pipe 16, in the water outlet pipe 16, if the water flow is too large, the water impacts the suspension ball 14 to rotate the rotating rod, then a gap between the conical plug 13 and the water inlet pipe 15 is reduced, the flow speed of the water is reduced, when the flow speed is too small, the impact force applied to the suspension ball 14 is reduced, at the moment, the water flow of the water inlet pipe 15 can push the conical plug 13 backwards, the suspension ball 14 and the conical plug 13 are in a balanced state, and the water, when maintenance is needed in the choke tube 12, the bottom cover 2 can be unscrewed, and various components in the choke tube 12 can be repaired or replaced.
The utility model discloses a concrete example is applied to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the utility model, and the explanation of the above example is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient eluviation which characterized in that: comprises a water collector, a temperature sensor and a water pump; the water collector is arranged outside and comprises a collector and a water tank which are connected through a filter pipe; the water tank is connected with a first pipeline through a pipe coiling pipe on the pipe coiling device, one side of the first pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the end part of the water inlet pipe is used for connecting a water source pipe; the first pipeline is connected with a water pump, and the other end of the water pump is connected with a second pipeline; a temperature sensor is arranged on the second pipeline, and an alarm is arranged on the temperature sensor; the tail end of the second pipeline is connected with a flow rate controller, the flow rate controller comprises a slow flow pipe, a conical plug and a suspension ball, the bottom of the slow flow pipe is in threaded connection with the top of the bottom cover, one side of the slow flow pipe is connected with a water inlet pipe, the bottom of the other side of the slow flow pipe is connected with a water outlet pipe, and the tail end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a flow divider; middle part fixed mounting in the slow flow tube has the bracing piece, the middle part of bracing piece is rotated with the middle part of dwang and is connected, the one end of dwang is rotated with the one end of first connecting rod and is connected, one side fixed connection of the other end of first connecting rod and toper stopper, the toper stopper alternates with the inlet tube and is connected, the other end of dwang is rotated with the one end of second connecting rod and is connected, the other end of second connecting rod is located the outlet pipe, just the second connecting rod extends to one end and the suspension ball fixed connection in the outlet pipe.
2. The intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient leaching of claim 1, wherein: still include humidity transducer, humidity transducer is last to be provided with the controller, the controller is installed on the control valve, the control valve is located the water pump with between the oral siphon, the controller is used for controlling the switching of control valve and water pump.
3. The intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient leaching of claim 1, wherein: a coarse filter screen layer, a coarse gravel layer and a gravel layer are sequentially arranged in the filter pipe from top to bottom; the upper part of the collector is provided with an anti-blocking net, the upper end face of the water tank is uniformly provided with evaporation holes, and two end faces of the evaporation holes are provided with isolation nets.
4. The intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient leaching of claim 3, wherein: the isolation net is geotextile; the thickness of the coarse gravel layer is at least 20 mm.
5. The intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient leaching of claim 1, wherein: the shunt is connected with a plurality of infiltration hoses, be equipped with a plurality of infiltration hose apopores on the infiltration hose, infiltration hose free end is equipped with the end shutoff.
6. The intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient leaching of claim 1, wherein: the fertilizer box is connected with the first pipeline through a pipeline; and a stirrer and a liquid level sensor are arranged in the fertilizer box.
7. The intelligent irrigation system for reducing vegetable field nutrient leaching of claim 2, wherein: the humidity sensor is arranged 40-50cm below the soil surface.
CN201920583181.3U 2019-04-26 2019-04-26 Intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable field Active CN210054117U (en)

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CN201920583181.3U CN210054117U (en) 2019-04-26 2019-04-26 Intelligent irrigation system for reducing nutrient leaching of vegetable field

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109937848A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-28 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 A kind of Intelligent irrigation system for reducing field of vegetables Nutrient Leaching
CN112790093A (en) * 2021-01-10 2021-05-14 李华群 Water-saving environment-friendly efficient irrigation equipment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109937848A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-28 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 A kind of Intelligent irrigation system for reducing field of vegetables Nutrient Leaching
CN112790093A (en) * 2021-01-10 2021-05-14 李华群 Water-saving environment-friendly efficient irrigation equipment

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