CN210031747U

CN210031747U - Hydrodynamic ship lock

Info

Publication number: CN210031747U
Application number: CN201920443998.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庞双芹; 庞梦雨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-01-29
Filing date: 2019-04-03
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-03

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrodynamic ship lock, which comprises a down gate and an up gate, wherein the down gate and the up gate are respectively arranged at two sides of a water retaining dam; the down gate and the up gate are respectively composed of at least one water retaining gate, the water retaining gate comprises a water pocket cloth facing to the water flow direction, the water pocket cloth is made of flexible materials, the lower end of the water pocket cloth is connected with the bottom surface of the gate, the side surface of the water pocket cloth is flexibly connected with the gate wall, two ends of the water pocket cloth are hinged on the gate walls at two sides through hinged parts, and the upper end of the water pocket cloth is provided with a floating ring rod. When the ship does not pass through the water retaining gate, the floating ring rod drives the water retaining gate to float upwards under the action of buoyancy force so as to retain the water channel; when the ship passes through the water blocking gate, the floating ring rod drives the water blocking gate to sink under the action of the back-spray sinking mechanism so as to make the ship go upwards. This neotype gate is opened for articulated formula linearity, simple structure, and the power of opening and close is little, and water injection and sluicing are convenient, have shortened ship latency, make things convenient for the ship to pass through fast.

Description

Hydrodynamic ship lock

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the water conservancy navigation and specifically relates to a hydrodynamic force ship lock.

Background

The inland river shipping industry needs to be developed in places with rivers, a ship lock needs to be built for developing the inland river shipping industry, the ship lock is suitable for ships to pass through, and the ship lock is convenient to use and maintain. However, the ship needs to consume water and wait for passing. Firstly, the gate is waited to be opened before entering the gate chamber, water injection or drainage is waited after entering the gate chamber, and the navigation can be started when the water level in the gate chamber is equal to the water level of the navigation channel.

In addition, the existing ship lock is a herringbone gate or a straight gate, the opening and closing mode of the herringbone gate is surface opening, but the resistance of water is large, and the opening and closing of the gate are realized by means of a hydraulic cylinder, so that the time and the labor are wasted. The opening and closing mode of the straight gate is line opening, but in order to realize effective blocking of water and guarantee the overall strength of the ship lock, the ship lock is relatively heavy, and the opening and closing of the gate are realized by means of complex mechanical equipment, so that the time and the labor are consumed. Because the existing gate is time-consuming and labor-consuming to open and close, if a fleet passes through a ship lock, the waiting time needs to be calculated in the future, and the fleet has to stop the navigation in serious cases.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical task of the utility model is not enough to prior art, provides a hydrodynamic lock, and this hydrodynamic lock can ensure that the ship is smooth current in the river course that has the drop, can also effectually shorten the ship time of draining and the transition time of ship in the lock simultaneously.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

a hydrodynamic ship lock comprises a downlink lock gate and an uplink lock gate, wherein the downlink lock gate and the uplink lock gate are respectively arranged at two sides of a water retaining dam and form a Z-shaped structure with the water retaining dam;

the lower gate and the upper gate are respectively composed of at least one water retaining gate, the water retaining gate comprises a water-containing cloth facing to the water flow direction, the water-containing cloth is made of flexible materials, the lower end of the water-containing cloth is connected with the bottom surface of the gate, the side surface of the water-containing cloth is flexibly connected with the gate wall, two ends of the water-containing cloth are hinged on the gate walls at two sides through hinged parts, and the upper end of the water-containing cloth is provided with a floating ring rod;

when the ship does not pass through the water retaining gate, the floating ring rod drives the water retaining gate to float upwards under the action of buoyancy force so as to retain the water channel; when the ship passes through the water blocking gate, the floating ring rod drives the water blocking gate to sink under the action of the back-spray sinking mechanism so as to make the ship go upwards.

Preferably, the reverse-spraying sinking mechanism is a sinking reverse-spraying pipe arranged on the side surface of the water-blocking gate, the sinking reverse-spraying pipe is filled with water by a high-pressure water tower and/or a high-pressure water pump on the dam body, and the water-blocking gate sinks by the reaction force of the water sprayed by the sinking reverse-spraying pipe when the ship passes through the sinking reverse-spraying pipe; after the ship passes through, the floating ring rod is reset under the action of buoyancy, and the water retaining gate floats upwards.

Preferably, the back-spray sinking mechanism is a pressing slide arranged at the upper end of the water lock, the pressing slide tilts upwards towards the advancing direction of the bow, and the water lock sinks by pressing the pressing slide downwards when a ship passes through the water lock; after the ship passes through, the floating ring rod is reset under the action of buoyancy, and the water retaining gate floats upwards.

Preferably, the downstream gate and the upstream gate are respectively composed of at least two water retaining gates, two adjacent water retaining gates, gate walls on two sides of the two water retaining gates and the bottom surfaces of the gate form relatively closed gate chambers, the gate chambers are arranged between upstream and downstream water areas in a step shape, the bottom surface of the upstream gate is provided with a lower water drainage duct, water in the gate chambers is discharged through the lower water drainage duct, the gate walls are provided with water injection gates, and water is injected into the gate chambers through the water injection gates and/or high-pressure water towers and/or high-pressure water pumps on the dam body.

Preferably, after the ship passes through the water retaining gate, water is injected into the gate chamber where the ship is located, and the injected water amount is not lower than the water level maintained by the gate chamber where the ship is located.

Preferably, the number of the chambers is determined according to the water level difference between the upstream and the downstream, and the water level difference between the adjacent chambers is less than 1.0 m.

Preferably, a cable chain and a traction mechanism for traction of the ship are arranged at the position of the ascending gate, and the traction mechanism is arranged on the gate wall.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the brake is provided with a boosting water sprayer, the boosting water sprayer is provided with a boosting water spray hole, and the spraying direction of the boosting water spray hole faces the advancing direction of the ship.

Preferably, the descending gate is wholly or mostly disposed in the downstream water area, and the ascending gate is wholly or mostly disposed in the upstream water area.

Preferably, a buoyancy air crusty pancake is added at the joint of the front end of the floating ring rod and the water-containing cloth, a sandwich bag with certain strength is arranged below the buoyancy air bag until the part of the buoyancy air bag extending into the water surface of the lower step, a plurality of sinking reverse water spraying ports are arranged on the ship-facing side of the sandwich bag, and a plurality of rising reverse water spraying ports are arranged on the other side of the sandwich bag.

Preferably, the boosting water sprayers are arranged between the two wings of the two side gate walls, the reversely-spraying fish scale wings are added in a layered and overlapped mode, the spray pipes for spraying water to the front upper side are additionally arranged on the lower sides of the reversely-spraying fish scale wings, the reversely-spraying fish scale wings are symmetrically arranged, and the layers of the reversely-spraying fish scale wings are adhered to the gate walls on the two sides, the bottom surface of the gate and the boosting water sprayers in the middle to form a closed area.

Preferably, the water blocking section of the water bag cloth is arc-shaped.

Preferably, one end of the boosting water sprayer is hinged to the bottom surface of the gate, and the other end of the boosting water sprayer is hinged to one end, far away from the water retaining gate, of the slide pressing board.

Preferably, a roller is arranged at the contact position of the floating ring rod and the pressing slide.

The utility model discloses a hydrodynamic force ship lock compares produced beneficial effect with prior art and is:

1. this neotype gate is opened for articulated formula linearity, simple structure, and the power of opening and close is little, and water injection and sluicing are convenient, have shortened ship latency, make things convenient for the ship to pass through fast.

2. The whole or most of the upstream lock gate is arranged in an upstream water area, and sufficient water sources in the upstream water area are utilized to inject water into the lock chamber, so that the waiting time of the ship is shortened, and the requirement that the ship passes through the ship lock is met. Specifically, when the ship passes through the ascending gate, the water level in the gate chamber is gradually increased (corresponding to the gradual climbing process), but is lower than the water level of the upstream water area. Under the action of water head difference, water can be quickly and automatically supplied to the lock chamber.

3. The whole or most of the descending gate is arranged in the downstream water area, so that the gate chamber can drain water quickly. Specifically, when the ship passes through the descending gate, the water level in the gate chamber is gradually reduced, but is higher than the water level of the downstream water area. Under the action of water head difference, the sluice chamber can realize fast automatic water drainage.

4. The number of the gate chambers is determined according to the water level difference between the upstream and the downstream, and the water level difference between the adjacent gate chambers is less than 1.0 m. It is known to those skilled in the art that the smaller the interlock water head, the more convenient it is to pass a ship, but this increases the number of gates and the cost, and it is preferable that the interlock water head is 0.5m in view of the above.

5. The water blocking cross section of the water bag cloth is arc-shaped and has certain flexibility, and compared with the design of a straight gate, the arc-shaped design has higher strength and can block the impact force of water flow to the maximum extent.

6. In order to conveniently inject water into the lock chamber when ships pass through, a water injection lock gate is arranged on the lock wall, and water is injected into the lock chamber through the water injection lock gate and/or a high-pressure water tower and/or a high-pressure water pump on the retaining dam. In order to facilitate the water drainage of the lock chamber after passing through the ship, a lower water drainage duct is arranged on the bottom surface of the ascending lock channel, a water drainage opening is formed in the lower water drainage duct, and the water in the lock chamber is discharged through the lower water drainage duct. The ship passes through the upper stage lock chamber and then is ready for the next ship to pass, and the upper stage lock chamber needs to be drained to a water level which keeps normal.

7. In order to further facilitate the passing of the ship, a boosting water sprayer is arranged at the bottom surface of the brake, a boosting water spray hole is formed in the boosting water sprayer, and the spraying direction of the boosting water spray hole faces the advancing direction of the ship to provide extra driving force for the ship. Preferably, one end of the boosting water sprayer is hinged to the bottom surface of the gate, and the other end of the boosting water sprayer is hinged to one end, far away from the water blocking gate, of the pressure slide, so that the ship is guaranteed to be always attached to the boosting device and the pressure slide when passing the ship, and extra boosting force is continuously provided for the ship.

8. In order to facilitate the passage of the fleet, a cable chain and a traction mechanism for pulling the ship to advance are arranged at the ascending gate way, and the traction mechanism is arranged on the gate wall. When the fleet passes, the water blocking lock is in a sinking state for a long time, the water discharge amount is large, the lock chamber is obviously lower than the normal water level, the water injection can not necessarily meet the requirement in real time, and the ship lock is required to be pulled to pass through in an auxiliary mode.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a technical schematic diagram of an ascending ship lock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a technical schematic diagram of a downstream ship lock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a technical schematic diagram of a second upgoing ship lock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a technical schematic diagram of a downstream lock according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a technical schematic diagram of a second upgoing ship lock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a technical schematic diagram of a downstream lock according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a technical schematic diagram of a third ascending or descending ship lock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-reverse-spraying fish scale wing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a water retaining gate, 2, a hinge piece, 3, a cable chain, 4, a traction mechanism, 5, a high-pressure water tower, 6, a gate chamber, 7, a water retaining dam, 8, a gate wall, 9, a ship, 10, a water-holding cloth, 11, a floating ring rod, 12, a gate way bottom surface, 13, a pressure slide, 14, a sinking reverse water spray pipe, 15, a water injection gate opening, 16, a boosting water sprayer, 17, a lower drainage culvert, 18 and a water drainage opening. 19. The device comprises a high-pressure water pump, 20, a buoyancy air bag, 21, a sinking reverse water spray nozzle, 22, a rising reverse water spray nozzle, 23, an interlayer bag, 24, a back-spraying fish scale wing, 240, a first back-spraying fish scale wing, 241, a second back-spraying fish scale wing, 242, a third back-spraying fish scale wing, 25, boosting water spray holes, 26 and a spray pipe.

Detailed Description

A hydrodynamic lock according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-9.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the hydrodynamic ship lock of the present invention includes a down gate and an up gate, wherein the down gate and the up gate are respectively disposed at two sides of the retaining dam 7 and are in a zigzag structure with the retaining dam 7. The whole or most of the descending gate is arranged in the downstream water area, and the whole or most of the ascending gate is arranged in the upstream water area. The descending gate and the ascending gate are respectively composed of at least two water interception gates 1, two adjacent water interception gates 1, gate walls 8 at two sides of the water interception gates and gate bottom surfaces 12 form relatively closed gate chambers 6, the gate chambers 6 are arranged between the upstream water area and the downstream water area in a step shape, the number of the gate chambers 6 is determined according to the water level difference between the upstream water area and the downstream water area, the water level difference between the adjacent gate chambers 6 is less than 1.0m, and the water level difference is preferably 0.5 m.

The water retaining gate 1 comprises a water-retaining cloth 10 facing to the water flow direction, the water-retaining cloth 10 is made of a flexible material, the lower end of the water-retaining cloth 10 is connected with the bottom surface 12 of a gate way, the side surface of the water-retaining cloth is flexibly connected with a gate wall 8 (the flexible connection mode can adopt a mode known in the field, and can be realized through folds or other flexible telescopic structures), the two ends of the water-retaining cloth 10 are hinged on the gate walls 8 on the two sides through hinges 2, the linear opening and closing of the gate are realized by utilizing a hinged rotation mode, and a floating ring rod 11 is arranged at the upper end of. When the ship 9 does not pass through the water retaining gate 1, the floating ring rod 11 drives the water retaining gate 1 to float upwards under the action of buoyancy so as to retain the water channel; when the ship 9 passes through the water retaining gate 1, the floating ring rod 11 pulls the water retaining gate 1 to sink under the action of the back-spray sinking mechanism so as to make the ship 9 go upwards.

The back-spray sinking mechanism is a pressing slide 13 arranged at the upper end of the water blocking lock 1, the pressing slide 13 tilts upwards towards the advancing direction of the bow, and the ship 9 sinks by pressing the pressing slide 13 downwards when passing; after the ship 9 passes through the floating ring rod 11, the floating ring rod is reset under the action of buoyancy, and the water retaining gate 1 floats upwards. Preferably, the floating ring rod 11 is provided with a roller at the contact position with the slide 13 to reduce the friction between the slide 13 and the water gate 1.

Wherein the whole or most upstream waters of placing in of ascending floodgate way, the design intention lies in: the lock chamber 6 is filled with water by using sufficient water source of the upstream water area, so that the waiting time of the ship 9 is shortened, and the requirement that the ship 9 passes through a lock is met. Specifically, as the ship 9 passes through the up gate, the water level in the lock chamber 6 rises step by step (i.e., corresponding to a step-by-step climbing process), but is lower than the water level in the upstream water area. Under the action of water head difference, water can be quickly and automatically supplemented into the lock chamber 6.

Wherein the whole or most downstream waters of arranging in of down floodgate way, the design intention lies in: the lock chamber 6 can be drained quickly. Specifically, as the ship 9 passes through the down gate, the water level in the lock chamber 6 is gradually lowered, but is higher than the water level in the downstream water area. Under the action of water head difference, the lock chamber 6 can realize quick and automatic water drainage.

Wherein the number of the gate chambers 6 is determined according to the water level difference between the upstream and the downstream, and the water level difference between the adjacent gate chambers 6 is less than 1.0 m. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the smaller the water head between chambers 6, the more convenient it is to pass through the ship, but this will increase the number of gates and the corresponding cost, and that it is preferred that the water head between chambers 6 is 0.5 m.

Wherein the water blocking cross-section of the water-pocket cloth 10 is arc-shaped and has certain flexibility, and for the design of a straight gate, the arc-shaped design has higher strength and can block the impact force of water flow to the maximum extent.

In order to conveniently inject water into the lock chamber 6 when a ship passes through, a water injection lock opening 15 is arranged on the lock wall 8, and water is injected into the lock chamber 6 through the water injection lock opening 15 and/or the high-pressure water tower 5 and/or the high-pressure water pump on the retaining dam 7. Under normal conditions, when the ship 9 ascends, the difference between the water level difference of the front stages of lock chambers 6 and the upstream water area is large, the water injection requirement can be met through the water injection lock opening 15, the difference between the water level difference of the rear stages of lock chambers 6 and the upstream water area is not large, and the water injection requirement is met by combining the high-pressure water tower 5 and/or the high-pressure water pump. When the ship 9 is not passed through, the water level of each gate chamber 6 is kept normal, and the water level difference between the gate chambers 6 is 0.5 m. When the ship 9 goes upward, the water blocking lock 1 is opened, water is inevitably drained to reduce the water level of the lock chamber 6 and increase the water level difference with the next stage, and at the moment, water should be injected into the lock chamber 6 where the ship 9 is located until the water level reaches the maintained normal water level, preferably exceeds the maintained normal water level, so as to reduce the water level difference with the next stage and facilitate the passing of the next stage ship lock. Of course, a poor sealing of the lock chamber 6 also leads to a reduction in the water level in the lock chamber 6, in which case water must also be filled into the lock chamber 6.

In order to facilitate the water drainage of the lock chamber 6 after passing through the ship, a lower water drainage duct 17 is arranged on the bottom surface of the ascending gate lock, a water drainage opening 18 is arranged at the position of the lower water drainage duct 17, and the water in the lock chamber 6 is discharged through the lower water drainage duct 17. The ship 9 passes through the upper stage lock chamber 6 and is ready for the next ship to pass, and the upper stage lock chamber 6 needs to be drained to maintain a normal water level.

In order to further facilitate the passing of the ship 9, a boosting water sprayer 16 is arranged at the bottom surface of the lock, a boosting water spray hole 25 is formed in the boosting water sprayer 16, and the spraying direction of the boosting water spray hole 25 faces the advancing direction of the ship 9 to provide extra driving force for the ship 9. Preferably, the boosting water sprayer 16 is hinged at one end to the bottom surface 12 of the gate and at the other end to the end of the slide 13 far from the floodgate 1. The design intent is: ensuring that the ship always abuts the thrusters and the pressure slide 13 during the passing of the ship, and continuously providing additional thrusting force for the ship 9.

In order to facilitate the passage of the fleet, a cable chain 3 and a traction mechanism 4 for pulling the ship 9 to go forward are arranged at the ascending gate way, and the traction mechanism 4 is arranged on a gate wall 8. When the fleet passes, the water blocking lock 1 is in a sinking state for a long time, the water discharge amount is large, the lock chamber 6 is obviously lower than the normal water level, the water injection cannot necessarily meet the requirement in real time, and the ship lock is required to be pulled to pass through in an auxiliary mode.

The utility model discloses during the use, set up the fluviograph in lock chamber 6, the height of water level in the control lock chamber 6, water injection gate 15, outlet 18 are opened and close under the AI control, realize the control of 6 water levels of lock chamber.

The technical principle of the upgoing ship lock is as follows:

when the ship 9 enters the ascending lock channel, the bottom of the ship is close to the boosting water sprayer 16 (water comes from the high-pressure water tower 5 and/or the high-pressure water pump and/or water in an upstream water area), the ship further moves forward, the pressing slide 13 is pressed, the pressing slide 13 presses the floating ring rod 11 downwards, namely the water lock 1 is prevented from sinking to leave the channel, and the ship 9 enters the lock chamber 6 and is close to the next boosting water sprayer 16. At this time, a large amount of water sprayed by the boosting water sprayer 16 is remained in the lock chamber 6, so that the water level is raised, the water drainage caused by the way giving way out of the water blocking gate 1 is supplemented, and meanwhile, the floating ring rod 11 is floated from the water and raised along with the water level. After the ship 9 passes through the water retaining gate 1, the water injection gate 15 in the gate chamber 6 is also opened under the control of AI, upstream water on two sides can gush in, the water level in the gate chamber 6 is raised, and at the moment, the front-stage boosting water sprayer 16 stops spraying water.

The technical principle of the descending ship lock is as follows:

when the ship 9 enters the down gate, the bow cambered surface presses down the pressing slide 13, the pressing slide 13 presses down the floating ring rod 11, the contact part of the floating ring rod 11 and the pressing slide 13 is provided with a roller, the floating ring rod 11 drives the water blocking gate 1 to sink downwards into water, and the water blocking gate 1 sequentially passes through the next water blocking gate 1 in the same way until the water blocking gate slides into the downstream water area to exit the gate.

Example two

As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that: the back spray sinking mechanism is a sinking back spray pipe 14 arranged on the side surface of the water blocking gate 1, and the spray holes are arranged upwards or obliquely upwards. The sinking reverse water spraying pipe 14 is filled with water from the high-pressure water tower 5 and/or the high-pressure water pump 19 on the dam body, the water blocking gate 1 sinks through the reaction force of the water sprayed from the sinking reverse water spraying pipe 14 when the ship 9 passes through, the channel for the ship to go upwards is reserved, and the sprayed water can also lift the water level, so that the ship 9 can go upwards. Therefore, the original reverse-spraying sinking mechanism of the slide 13 can be omitted, the friction force is omitted, and the movable components are reduced. After the ship 9 passes through the floating ring rod 11, the floating ring rod is reset under the action of buoyancy, and the water retaining gate 1 floats upwards.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that: the back spray sinking mechanism is a combination of the pressing slide 13 of the first embodiment and the counter force of the sinking counter spray pipe 14 of the second embodiment.

Example four

As shown in fig. 8, the embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that: a buoyancy crusty pancake 20 is added at the joint of the front end of a floating ring rod 11 and a water-holding cloth 10, a sandwich bag 21 with certain strength is arranged below the buoyancy air bag 20 until the part of the buoyancy air bag extends into the water surface of a lower step, a plurality of sinking reverse water spraying ports 21 are arranged on the ship-facing side of the sandwich bag 21, and a plurality of rising reverse water spraying ports 22 are arranged on the other side of the sandwich bag. Thus, the ship can quickly float up and reset immediately after passing through the brake.

In addition, considering that the two surfaces below the water surface of the lower stage are both water, the water-holding cloth 10 only plays a role in isolation and has extremely low strength, and the softer the resistance is, the stronger the part blocking the water head is.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 9, the fifth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that: the boosting water sprayer 16 is arranged between two wings and the two side lock walls 8, and is added with the back-spraying fish scale wings 24 which are overlapped layer by layer, and the lower sides of the back-spraying fish scale wings 24 are provided with spray pipes 26 which spray water to the front upper part, the function of the spray pipes is the same as that of the boosting water spraying holes 25 at the bottom of the ship, but the spray pipes can be tightly attached to the ship side to prevent water from flowing backwards. The inverse spray fish scale wings 24 are symmetrically arranged, and each layer of the inverse spray fish scale wings 24 is stuck with the gate walls 8 at two sides, the gate bottom surface 12 and the boosting water sprayer 16 in the middle to form a closed area, so that the water can be prevented from flowing backwards.

The purpose of the anti-spraying fish scale wings 24 is that when the fleet presses against all the ship locks at the same time, the nozzles 26 under the anti-spraying fish scale wings 24 in all the ship locks still provide the propelling force.

EXAMPLE six

The sixth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, except that the downstream gate and the upstream gate are respectively composed of one water interception gate 1, and one water interception gate 1 does not form a gate chamber, so that the sixth embodiment correspondingly cancels a structure for injecting water into the gate chamber, and the rest structures are reserved.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A hydrodynamic ship lock is characterized by comprising a downlink gate and an uplink gate, wherein the downlink gate and the uplink gate are respectively arranged at two sides of a water retaining dam and form a Z-shaped structure with the water retaining dam;

2. The hydrodynamic ship lock of claim 1, wherein the back-spray sinking mechanism is a sinking counter-spray pipe disposed at a side of the water barrier, the sinking counter-spray pipe is filled with water from a high-pressure water tower and/or a high-pressure water pump on the dam, and the ship sinks the water barrier by a reaction force of the sinking counter-spray pipe.

3. The hydrodynamic ship lock of claim 1, wherein the back-spray sinking mechanism is a slide disposed at an upper end of the water lock, the slide is tilted upward toward a direction of ship bow, and the ship sinks by pressing down the slide when passing through the water lock.

4. A hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the down-going and up-going gates are each formed by at least two water gates, two adjacent water gates form closed chambers with gate walls and gate bottom surfaces on two sides thereof, the chambers are arranged between the up-going and down-going waters in a step shape, the up-going gate has a bottom drainage culvert for draining the chambers through the lower drainage culvert, the gate walls are provided with water injection gates, and water is injected into the chambers through the water injection gates and/or high pressure water towers and/or high pressure water pumps on the dam.

5. A hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 4, wherein water is injected into the lock chamber after the ship has passed through the water lock, at a level not lower than the water level maintained in the lock chamber.

6. A hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein the downgoing lock is located wholly or largely in the downstream body of water and the upgoing lock is located wholly or largely in the upstream body of water.

7. The hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein the ascending lock channel is provided with a chain for pulling the ship to advance, and a traction mechanism, and the traction mechanism is provided on the lock wall.

8. A hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein the bottom of the lock is provided with a boost water sprayer, the boost water sprayer is provided with a boost water spraying hole, and the spraying direction of the boost water spraying hole is towards the ship traveling direction.

9. The hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 8, wherein the boosting water sprinklers are stacked between the two wings of the boosting water sprinklers and the two side lock walls, and the anti-spraying fish scale wings are stacked, and the nozzles for spraying water forward and upward are attached to the lower sides of the anti-spraying fish scale wings, and the anti-spraying fish scale wings are symmetrically arranged, and are adhered to the two side lock walls, the bottom surface of the lock gate, and the boosting water sprinklers in the middle to form a closed space.

10. A hydrodynamic ship lock as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 9, wherein a buoyancy crusty pancake is added at the connection of the front end of the floating ring rod and the water bag, and a sandwich bag with certain strength is arranged below the buoyancy air bag until the part of the buoyancy crusty pancake extends into the lower step of the water surface, and a plurality of sinking reverse water jets are arranged on the ship facing side of the sandwich bag, and a plurality of rising reverse water jets are arranged on the other side of the sandwich bag.